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Revise - MRCEM Success 7

The document provides definitions and descriptions of various lung volumes and capacities, including tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, residual volume, vital capacity, inspiratory capacity, functional residual capacity, and total lung capacity. It explains how these volumes are measured and their typical values for a 70 kg male. The expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is specifically defined as the volume of air that can be expelled at the end of a normal expiration.

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8 views1 page

Revise - MRCEM Success 7

The document provides definitions and descriptions of various lung volumes and capacities, including tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, residual volume, vital capacity, inspiratory capacity, functional residual capacity, and total lung capacity. It explains how these volumes are measured and their typical values for a 70 kg male. The expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is specifically defined as the volume of air that can be expelled at the end of a normal expiration.

Uploaded by

abutaleen
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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 MRCEM Success H

 QUESTION 35

Which of the following best describes the


expiratory reserve volume (ERV):

The volume of air remaining in the lungs 8%


x
after a maximum expiration.

The volume of air that can be expelled by a 70%

✓ maximum expiration at the end of a


normal expiration.

The volume of air that is breathed out in a 6%

normal expiration.

The volume of air remaining in the lungs 11%

after a normal expiration.

The volume of air that can be breathed out 5%

by maximal expiration after a maximum


inspiration.

ANSWER

The expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is the volume of


air that can be expelled at the end of a normal
expiration, i.e. the di"erence in volume between a
resting and maximum expiration.

 

Save End Session


SCORE 38%

 13 21 

 REFERENCE RANGES

Something wrong?

Lung Volumes
PHYSIOLOGY / RESPIRATORY /
LUNG VOLUMES AND PRESSURES

L U N G V O L U M E S . ( IM AGE BY V IH SADAS AT

E N.W I K I P E D I A D E R I VAT I V E WO R K : R S C OT T W E E K LY

( LUN GVOLUME.JPG) [CC BY-SA 3.0 , FROM WIKIMEDIA

C O M M O N S)

Volumes

The tidal volume (TV) is the volume of air drawn into


and out of the lungs during normal breathing, i.e. the
volume change of the lung between a
resting inspiration and a resting expiration.

The inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) is the volume


of air that can be inspired at the end of a normal
inspiration, i.e. the di"erence in volume between a
resting and maximum inspiration.

The expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is the volume


of air that can be expelled at the end of a normal
expiration, i.e. the di"erence in volume between a
resting and maximum expiration.

The residual volume (RV) is the volume of air


remaining in the lungs after a maximal expiration.

Capacities

The vital capacity (VC) is the maximum tidal volume


when an individual breathes in and out as far as
possible i.e. the volume change of the lung between a
maximum inspiration and a maximum expiration.

VC = IRV + TV + ERV.

The inspiratory capacity (IC) is the volume of air that


can be breathed in by a maximum inspiration at the
end of a resting expiration.

IC = TV + IRV.

The functional residual capacity (FRC) is the


volume of air remaining in the lungs at the end of a
resting expiration.

FRC = ERV + RV.

The total lung capacity (TLC) is the volume of air in


the lungs after a maximum inspiration.

TLC = VC + RV.

Measuring Lung Volumes and Capacities

Lung volumes vary with age, sex and height.

Most lung volumes (except RV) can be measured


directly using spirometry.

Residual volume (and thus FRC and TLC) can be


measured using helium dilution or body
plethysmography.

Lung Volume Typical Value (70 kg


Male)

Tidal volume (TV) 500 mL

Vital capacity (VC) 5500 mL

Inspiratory reserve 3300 mL


volume (IRV)

Expiratory reserve 1700 mL


volume (ERV)

Total lung capacity 7300 mL


(TLC)

Functional residual 3500 mL


capacity (FRC)

Residual volume (RV) 1800 mL


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