Proceedings of Conference on Advances on Trends in Engineering Projects (NCTEP-2019)
In Association with Novateur Publications IJIERT-ISSN No: 2394-3696
ISBN. No. 978-93-87901-03-2
February, 15th and 16th, 2019
PAPER ID: CE 106
TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS OFF SHORE STRUCTURES WITH DIFFERENT BRACINGS
Abhishek Prabhakar Nimbekar
Department of Civil Engg. (Strcutural Engineering)
Sanmati Engineering. College, Washim, Pune
Prof. K.R. Ghadge
Prof. & HOD of Department of Civil Engg.
Sanmati Engineering. College, Washim, Pune
ABSTRACT:- In this paper time history analysis is system was proposed for weak directions to improve the
performed for off shore steel structures for El-centro seismic performance of this type of platforms.
data for 31sec.the effect of slope (different angle 0 III. PROBLEM STATEMENT
degree,20 degree and 30 degree) is studied for The studied platform is a fixed Jacket-Type platform
various loading condition and the effect bracings currently installed in the Suez gulf, Red sea, 1988 shown
(single bracings,knee bracings, cross bracings) for in Figure 3, The offshore structure is a four legs jacket
different loading are also studied. For FEA analysis platform, consists of a steel tubular-space frame. There
SAP 2000 is used which observed very effective for are diagonal brace members in both vertical and
analysis. horizontal planes in the units to enhance the structural
Keywords-Off shore structure, SAP 2000, El-Centro, stiffness. The Platform was originally designed as a 4-pile
Bracings platform installed in 110 feet (110' =33.5 m) water depth.
I. INTRODUCTION • The Top side structure consists of Helideck 50'x50' at
The total number of offshore platform in various ELevation, EL. (+54') & Production deck
bays, gulf and oceans of the world is increasing year by 50'x50' at EL. (+26'); Top of jacket at EL (+12.5').
year, most of which are of fixed jacket-type platforms • The Jacket consists of 4 legs with 33 inch Outer Diameter
located in 30 m to 200 m depth for oil and gas exploration (33'' O.D.) & 1 inch Wall Thickness
purposes. Fixed offshore platforms are subjected to (1''W.T.) between EL. (+10' ) and EL. (-23' ) and (33'' O.D.
different environmental loads during their lifetime. These x 0.5'' W.T.) between EL. (-23' ) and
loads are imposed on platforms through natural EL. (-110' ).
phenomena such as wind, current, wave, earthquake, • In the splash zone area that is assumed to extend from
snow and earth movement. Among various types of EL. (-6') to EL. (+6') LAT. (Lowest
environmental loading, wave forces loading is dominated Astronomical Tide).
loads. The results of these investigations highlight the • The jacket legs are horizontally braced with tubular
importance of accurately simulating nonlinear effects in members (8.625'' O.D. x 0.322'' W.T.) at
fixed offshore structures from the point of view of safe elevations (+10'); (10.75'' O.D. x 0.365'' W.T.) at elevations
design and operation of such systems. (-23'); (12.75'' O.D. x 0.375'' W.T.) at elevations (-62’) and
It is necessary to design an offshore structure such (14'' O.D. X 0.375'' W.T.) at elevations (-110’).
that it can respond to moderate environmental loads • In the vertical direction, the jacket is X-braced with
without damage and is capable of resisting severe tubular members (12.75'' O.D. x 0.844'' W.T.) from EL.
environmental loads without seriously endangering the (+10') to EL. (-23’) and (12.75'' O.D. x 0.375'' W.T.) from
occupants. The standard design of the structure is carried EL. (-23’) to EL. (-110’). The platform is supported by 4
out using the allowable stress method. However, it is piles (30'' O.D. x 1.25'' W.T.).)
important to clarify the effects on nonlinear responses for 3.1 Description of loading:
an offshore structure under the severe wave conditions. Density of various materials considered for design,
Offshore structures may be analyzed using static or Concrete – 25kN/m3
dynamic analysis methods. Static analysis methods are Insulation – 1kN/m3
sufficient for structures, which are rigid enough to neglect Structural steel – 78.5kN/m3
the dynamic forces associated with the motion under the Live load – 5kN/m3
time-dependent environmental loadings. On the other Wind load:
hand, structures which are flexible due to their particular The following wind parameters are followed in accessing
form and which are to be used in deep sea must be the wind loads on the structure
checked for dynamic loads. Basic wind speed – 55m/s
Terrain category -2
II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Class of structure – c
In 2012 B. Asgarian & H. R. Shokrgozar from K. N. Toosi Risk coefficient k1 – 1
University of Technology, Tehran, Iran studied the Seismic Topography factor k3– 1
Performance Evaluation of Steel Jacket Platform with Float K2 factor taken from Draft Code CED 38(7892):2013
over Deck Systems. The results show that platforms with (third revision of IS 4998(part 1):1992)
FOD system could not satisfy API-RP-2A design Earthquake force data:
requirements in direction that braces are removed for Earthquake load for the chimney has been calculated as
float-over deck installation operation. So, the new bracing per IS 1893(par 4) : 2005
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Proceedings of Conference on Advances on Trends in Engineering Projects (NCTEP-2019)
In Association with Novateur Publications IJIERT-ISSN No: 2394-3696
ISBN. No. 978-93-87901-03-2
February, 15th and 16th, 2019
Zone factor – 0.16
Seismic zone – III
Importance factor (I) – 1.5
Reduction factor (R) – 3
IV. DATA COLLECTED
Idealization of above problem statement is modeled in
finite element analysis tool SAP 2000.Following models
are prepared for comparative analysis of offshore steel
structures
Table no: 1 different models of off shore
MODEL NO. 1 OFFSHORE PLATFOREM WITH SINGLE BRACING 0 DEGREE Fig. 2: Single Bracing 20 Degree
MODEL NO. 2 OFFSHORE PLATFOREM WITH DOUBLE BRACING 0 DEGREE
MODEL NO. 3 OFFSHORE PLATFOREM WITH KNEE BRACING 0 DEGREE
MODEL NO. 4 OFFSHORE PLATFOREM WITH SINGLE BRACING 20 DEGREE
MODEL NO. 5 OFFSHORE PLATFOREM WITH DOUBLE BRACING 20 DEGREE
MODEL NO. 6 OFFSHORE PLATFOREM WITH KNEE BRACING 20 DEGREE
MODEL NO. 7 OFFSHORE PLATFOREM WITH SINGLE BRACING 30 DEGREE
MODEL NO. 8 OFFSHORE PLATFOREM WITH DOUBLE BRACING 30 DEGREE
MODEL NO. 9 OFFSHORE PLATFOREM WITH KNEE BRACING 30 DEGREE
V. METHODOLOGY
STUDY OF STEEL OFFSORE STRUCTURES
LOADING ON OFFSHORE STRUCTURES
Fig.3: Single Bracing 20 Degree
STUDY OF TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS
SAP 2000 MODELLING
VIII. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
VALIDATION
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
Flow chart No. 1 Methodology Steps
VI. GROUND MOTIONS AND LINEAR TIME HISTORY
ANALYSIS:
Dynamic analysis using the time history analysis
calculates the building responses at discrete time Graph 1:Mode Shear vs Time Period
steps using discretized record of synthetic time In this graph 5.1Mode Shear vs Time Periodhighest
history as base motion. If three or more time history time period is observed (1 sec.) for knee bracing
analyses are performed, only the maximum responses
of the parameter of interest are selected. MODE SHAPE vs NATURAL
6.1 Response Spectrum Method:
Response spectrum analysis is a procedure for FREQUENCY
computing the statistical maximum response of a
15
NATURAL FREQUENCY
structure to a base excitation. Each of the vibration
modes that are considered may be assumed to
respond independently as a single-degree-of- 10 SINGLE
freedom system. Spectra which determine the base BRACING
acceleration applied to each mode according to its DOUBLE
5
period (the number of seconds required for a cycle of BRACING
vibration).
VII. SAP MODEL SOFTWARE 0 KNEE
0 5 10 15 BRACING
MODE SHAPE NO.
Graph 2: Mode Shear vs Natural Frequency
In this graph 2Mode Shear vs Natural Frequency
highest natural frequency(14 Hz) is observed for
double bracing
Fig. 1: Single Bracing 0 Degree
18 | P a g e
Proceedings of Conference on Advances on Trends in Engineering Projects (NCTEP-2019)
In Association with Novateur Publications IJIERT-ISSN No: 2394-3696
ISBN. No. 978-93-87901-03-2
February, 15th and 16th, 2019
DEFORMATION-X 20 REFRENCES
1. Dhanaraj m. Patil, keshav k. Sangle. Structural
DEGREE mm Engineering Department, VJTI, Mumbai 400019, India
2. SinaKazemzadeh Azad, CemTopkaya⁎ Department of
0.3 Civil Engineering, Middle East Technical University,
DEFORMATION-X
0.25
0.2 Ankara, Turkey
0.15
0.1 3. G. Brandonisio a, M. Toreno a, E. Grande b, E. Mele a, A.
0.05 DeLucaa Department of Structural Engineering, University
0
SINGLE DOUBLE KNEE of Naples, Italy Department of
BRACIN BRACIN BRACIN Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino
G G G and Southern Lazio, Italy
DEFORMATION-X 0 4. Yang Ding a, Min Wua,c, Long-He Xu b, Hai-Tao Zhu a,⇑,
DEGREE mm Zhong-Xian Li a a School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin
University/Key Laboratory of Coast Civil Structure Safety
Series1 0.165721 0.138795 0.238459 (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, Tianjin
300072, China
5. F. Ferrario a, F. Iori b, R. Pucinotti c,⁎ , R. Zandonini b a
Graph 3: Deformation-x20 Degree
ArmalamS.r.l., Viale Dante, 300, I 38057,
In this Graph 3: Deformation-x20 Degree
PergineValsugana, Trento, Italy b Dipartimento di
highest deformation is observed 0.24mm for single
IngegneriaCivile, Ambientale e Meccanica, Università di
bracing
Trento, Trento, Italy
6. Eric J. Lumpkin a, Po-Chien Hsiao b, Charles W. Roeder
b,⁎ , Dawn E. Lehman b, Ching-Yi Tsai c, An-Chien Wu d,
Chih-Yu Wei d, Keh-Chyuan Tsai c a Thornton Tomasetti,
Kansas City, MO, United States b Department of Civil and
Environmental Engineering, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA 98195-2700, United States
7. A.R. Rahai, M.M. Alinia * Department of Civil
Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 424
Hafez Avenue, Tehran 15875-4413, Iran
8. Earthquake response of tall reinforced concrete
chimneys.
9.‘Aerodynamic Thrust Modeling in Wave Tank Tests of
Graph 4:Deformation-y20 Degree Offshore Floating Wind Turbines Using a Ducted Fan’
In this graph 0.6 mm highest deformation is observed National Renewable Energy Centre, CENER Ciudad de la
for single bracing Innovaci´on 7, 31621 Sarriguren, Navarra, Spain.
10. ‘ACCIDENTAL LOAD ANALYSIS AND DESIGN FOR
OFFSHORE STRUCTURES’ American Bureau of Shipping
Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New
York 1862
11.Response-based extreme value analysis of moored
offshore structures due to wave, wind, and current’
ATILLA INCECIK 1, JOAN BOWERS 2, GILL MOULD 2, and
O6uz YILMAZ 3 University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
12. NONLINEAR RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF OFFSHORE
PILES UNDER SEISMIC LOADS’ Mehrdad KIMIAEI1,
Graph 5:Base shear kN for o degree Mohsen Ali SHAYANFAR2, M. Hesham El NAGGAR3, Ali
In thisgraph 5 Base shear 295 kN for o degree Akbar AGHAKOUCHAK4.
highest base shear is observed for single bracing 13. SEISMIC PERFORMANCE OF BUCKLING RESTRAINED
BRACED FRAME SYSTEMS’ STEPHEN MAHIN1, Patxi
URIZ2 , Ian AIKEN3 , Caroline FIELD4 and Eric KO5.
IX. CONCLUSION
14. Y.H. Luo and A. J. Durrani. (1995), “Equivalent
In this paper various types of bracings are studied
Beam Model for Flat Slab Buildings: Part I: Interior
subjected to dynamic load and it is observed that
Connections and part II: Exterior Connections”.
deformation in y direction is 25% less in double
15. Jong-Wha, Bai, (2006), “Seismic Fragility and
bracingand 15 % less in knee bracing.But deformation in X
Retrofitting for Reinforced Concrete Flat-Slab Structure”
direction is observed more in knee bracings.in addition to
this natural frequency is observed more in knee bracings.
For base shear it is observed that base shear is 15% more
in single bracings than cross bracings and knee bracings
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