10 Simple Narrative Goals

for Speech Therapy (IEP

Bank)

As Speech-Language Pathologists we know that

narrative goals are a crucial aspect of speech therapy,
as they help individuals develop their language skills
and improve their ability to communicate effectively.

Narrative goals can include a range of skills, such as:

Understanding story structure

Identifying main ideas

Identifying key details

Retelling stories in a logical and sequential way

Narrative development skills are essential for academic

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 and social success, as they form the foundation for
other language skills such as semantics, syntax, and
pragmatics. Children who struggle with narrative skills
may have difficulty understanding and expressing
themselves, which can impact their ability to
communicate effectively with peers and adults. By
focusing on narrative goals in speech therapy, we can
help individuals develop their language skills and
improve their ability to communicate in a variety of
settings.

In this article, we will discuss the importance of

narrative skills in speech therapy, strategies for
developing narrative skills, and how to implement
narrative goals in individualized education plans (IEPs).

Key Takeaways

Narrative skills are essential for academic and social

success, and form the foundation for other language

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 skills.

A Speech Language Pathologist can use a range of

strategies, such as visual and verbal cues, story
elements, and language tasks, to develop narrative
skills.

By incorporating narrative goals into individualized

education plans (IEPs) and speech therapy
activities, we can help individuals achieve their
language goals and improve their ability to
communicate effectively.

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 Understanding Narrative Goals in
Speech Therapy

As speech therapists, we understand that narrative

skills are essential for effective communication.
Narrative skills include a client’s ability to understand
and tell stories, which involves several language
components such as vocabulary, syntax, and

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 pragmatics.

These goals may include improving a client’s ability to:

Understand story grammar (character, setting,

problem, resolution)

Sequence events in a short story

Retell a story in their own words

Use appropriate vocabulary and syntax when telling

a story

To effectively address narrative goals, speech

therapists should first assess a client’s current level of
narrative skills. This assessment may involve analyzing
a client’s ability to retell a story, identify story elements,
and use appropriate vocabulary and syntax.

Once a client’s narrative skills have been assessed,

speech therapists can develop specific narrative goals
that are measurable and achievable. These sample
goals should be tailored to a client’s individual needs

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 and abilities.

The Importance of Narrative Skills

Developing narrative skills can improve language skills,

including grammar, vocabulary, and comprehension.
Additionally, narrative language can help promote
better comprehension and the use of complex
language.

The ability to tell a story is a key aspect of

communication, and narrative skills can support social
skills development. For example, telling stories can
help children learn how to take turns in conversation,
understand the perspectives of others, and engage in
appropriate social interactions.

It is important to note that narrative skills develop over

time and with practice. As speech therapists, we can
support our clients in developing narrative skills by

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 providing opportunities to work on storytelling skills,
modeling appropriate story grammar elements, and
providing feedback and support.

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 Narrative Goals for Speech Therapy

Sequencing

Given visual cues (e.g., sequencing cards) and a story,

STUDENT will sequence the story including problem
and solution with 80% accuracy in 4 out of 5
opportunities.

Given a story or activity, STUDENT will use sequence

words to verbally order a story or activity (e.g., first,
next, then, after, last) with 80% accuracy in 4 out of 5
opportunities.

Story Grammer

Given a story or activity, STUDENT will sequence the

story or activity that includes story elements (e.g.,
character, setting, problem, goal, action, solution,
ending) with 80% accuracy in 4 out of 5 opportunities.

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 Syntax

Given a story or activity, STUDENT will retell the story

using 2-3 conjunctions (e.g., coordinating,
subordinating, causal, and/or temporal) with 80%
accuracy in 4 out of 5 opportunities.

Vocabulary

Given a story to retell, STUDENT will use descriptive

language to retell the story with 80% accuracy in 4
out of 5 opportunities.

Given a story to retell, STUDENT will use 2-3 targeted

tier 2 vocabulary to retell the story with 80%
accuracy in 4 out of 5 opportunities.

Comprehension

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 Given a story or activity, STUDENT will identify the
main idea and supporting details with 80% accuracy
in 4 out of 5 opportunities.

Given a story or activity, STUDENT will answer yes or

no questions with 80% accuracy in 4 out of 5
opportunities.

Given a story or activity, STUDENT will answer wh-

questions with 80% accuracy in 4 out of 5
opportunities.

Personal Narrative

Given an opportunity to tell a story from their past,

STUDENT will tell their story including 2-4 story
elements and in a logical order with 80% accuracy in
4 out of 5 opportunities.

SEE ALSO: IEP Goal Bank Posts

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 Strategies for Developing Narrative
Skills

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 Developing narrative skills is an essential part of
speech-language therapy. It helps to improve a child’s
ability to understand and communicate stories in a
logical and sequential way.

We use a variety of speech therapy activities and

techniques to help our clients improve their narrative
skills. These activities are designed to be engaging
and fun, while also providing structured language
activities that help build important language skills.

Here are 13 different strategies that we can use to

develop narrative skills in children:

1. Verbal Prompts and Verbal Cues

Verbal prompts can be used to help children

understand the structure of a story.

We can use prompts such as “Who was in the story?” or

“What happened first?” to guide the child’s

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 understanding of the story.

Verbal prompts or a verbal cue can also be used to

encourage children to use appropriate vocabulary and
sentence structures when retelling a story.

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 2. Visual Prompts and Visual Cues

Visual prompts such as a picture cue card or videos

can be used to help children understand the sequence
of events in a story.

We can use visual prompts to help children identify the

characters, setting, and problem in a story.

Visual prompts can also be used to help children

understand the emotions and motivations of the
characters in the story.

3. Visual Support

Visual support such as storyboards or picture books

can be used to help children understand the structure
of a story.

We can use visual support to help children identify the

characters, setting, problem, and solution in a story.

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 Visual support can also be used to help children
understand the emotions and motivations of the
characters in the story.

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 4. Graphic Organizers

Graphic organizers such as story maps or flowcharts

can be used to help children organize the information
in a story.

We can use graphic organizers to help children identify

the main events in a story and how they are related.

Graphic organizers can also be used to help children

understand the cause-and-effect relationships in a
story.

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 5. Identifying Story Elements

Story elements help us understand the main idea, main

character, setting, problem, and solution of a story. By
understanding these elements, we can better
comprehend the main events and action sequences of
a story.

A few ways to incorporate story elements is to use

graphic organizers, picture books, or story maps.

Graphic organizers – can help students organize

their thoughts and understand the different story
elements. For example, a graphic organizer can
have sections for the main character, setting,
problem, and solution.

Picture books – are a great way to introduce story

elements to students. As we read the book, we can
point out the different story elements and ask
questions to help students understand them. For
example, we can ask, “Who is the main character?”

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 or “What is the problem in the story?”

Story maps – help students understand the

sequence of events in a story and the cause and
effect relationships between them. Story mapping
involves breaking down a story into its key
components, such as characters, setting, problem,
and solution. This helps our clients understand the
structure of a story and identify the main ideas and
supporting details.

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 6. Story Comprehension

This involves asking the client to answer questions

about a story they have heard or read, to ensure they
have understood the key story elements and can recall
important details.

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 7. Structured Activities

A structured activity such as games or worksheets can

be used to help children practice their narrative skills.

We can use structured activities to help children

identify story elements, retell stories, and create their
own stories.

Structured activities can also be used to help children

practice their vocabulary and sentence structure.

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 8. Play Session

Play sessions can be used to help children practice

their narrative skills in a fun and interactive way.

We can use play sessions to help children act out

stories, create their own stories, and practice their
social skills.

Play sessions can also be used to help children

practice their vocabulary and sentence structure.

9. Story Retell

Story retell is a technique that we can use to help

children practice their narrative skills.

This involves asking the client to retell a story they have

heard or read, focusing on the key story elements and
relevant information. We may use visual aids or graphic
organizers to help them organize their thoughts and

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 remember the important details.

Story retell can also be used to help children practice

their vocabulary and sentence structure.

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 10. Role Playing

Another technique that we can use is role-playing.

Role-playing allows our clients to practice their
narrative skills in a safe and supportive environment.

For example, we might ask our clients to act out a

scene from a story, using their own words to describe
what is happening.

11. Fun Activities

We also use a variety of games and activities to keep

therapy sessions engaging and fun.

For example, we might play a game of “Story Starters,”

where we take turns adding to a story one sentence at
a time.

This helps our clients practice their narrative skills in a

playful and interactive way.

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 12. Story Generation Activities

This involves asking the client to create their own story,

either in oral language or in written form (to also work
on writing skills).

We may provide prompts or visual cues to help them

get started and stay on track.

13. Personal Narratives

In speech therapy, personal narratives play a crucial

role in helping students improve their language and
communication skills. Personal narratives are stories
that are based on a student’s personal experience, and
they provide a great opportunity to work on story retell
and story grammar marker skills.

One of the main benefits of using personal narratives in

speech therapy is that they are highly engaging and

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 relevant to the student. By using personal experiences,
we can help students connect with the story and
become more invested in the therapy process. This can
lead to increased motivation and better outcomes.

In addition, we can also use personal narratives to help

students develop their storytelling and conversation
skills, which can be essential for success in both
academic and social settings.

SEE ALSO: 179+ Wh Questions Free

Printable

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 Measuring Progress Towards
Narrative Goals

Data Collections

In order to know if your student is making progress it is

essential that you as the therapist are measuring your
student’s progress through data collection.

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 It is by consistently tracking your child or student’s
progress that you can make informed decisions about
therapy and more effectively communicate with other
professionals or parents.

To ensure that you have the right measurable goals,

focus on creating goals that are objectively measurable
and specific to the individual’s needs. (see goals
above)

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 Need Other Speech Therapy IEP
Goals?

Expressive and Receptive Language

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 Goals

Expressive and receptive language goals focus on

improving an individual’s ability to understand and use
language effectively in oral communication.

Receptive Language Goals

Receptive language goals aim to improve an

individual’s ability to understand spoken language. This
includes the ability to comprehend vocabulary, follow
directions, and understand basic concepts. Some
examples of receptive language goals include:

Identifying objects or pictures based on verbal

descriptions

Following simple and complex directions

Answering “wh” questions (who, what, where, when,

why)

Identifying synonyms and antonyms

Understanding figurative language, such as idioms

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 and metaphors

Expressive Language Goals

Expressive language goals focus on improving an

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 individual’s ability to use language effectively in oral
communication. This includes the ability to use
appropriate grammar and syntax, express thoughts and
ideas clearly, and use appropriate vocabulary. Some
examples of expressive language goals include:

Using complete sentences with appropriate grammar

and syntax

Describing objects or pictures using appropriate

vocabulary

Telling stories with a clear beginning, middle, and

end

Using figurative language appropriately, such as

idioms and metaphors

Articulation Goals

Articulation goals are to improve communication skills

for individuals who face challenges in pronouncing
words or sounds. These goals are what help guide your
students’ speech therapy sessions to ensure the

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 student or client actually makes progress toward their
articulation skills.

When creating an articulation goal, speech therapists

should consider various aspects, such as the
phonemes involved, the position of the sounds within
words (initial, medial, or final), and the student’s age-
appropriateness to be working on those particular
goals.

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 SEE ALSO: 21 Best Reinforcement Games
for Speech Therapy

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 Narrative Therapy Ideas

I’ve gone ahead and gathered a few activities that you

can use in your therapy room for working on your child
or student’s narrative speech therapy goals.

Older Children

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 Here are a few narrative intervention lessons for older
students in the school setting.

Intro to Storytelling Personal Narrative Humans of NY

FULL LESSON High School by Equitable ELA is a
great introduction to narrative storytelling and
photojournalism. High School students love this
engaging lesson plan.

Narrative Writing Lesson Plan | Youth Climate Stories

| Free by SubjecttoClimate is a detailed lesson plan
that prompts students to write narratives about
climate change. This is great for middle school
students!

Narrative Writing (Inspired by a Picture) Lesson

PowerPoint by Miss Hill Creates is a freebie that
prompts students to write a narrative based on a
picture. This freebie was created for 4th-8th graders.

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 Young Children

If you’re working with younger students and need a

small group lesson plan here are a few resources you

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 might find helpful.

Narrative Writing Lesson and Anchor Chart by

Rebecca McNamara is a set of great visuals about
narrative writing and the components involved with
it.

K-5 Writing How to Catch an Elf Lesson Plan+ Video

Resource+ Student Rubric by Ms. Ocasio is a 5 day
lesson plan that is great for winter time. Students
practice opinions, narratives and explanatory writing
in this freebie.

Free Writing Activity- Kindergarten Narrative Writing

Lesson by Jessica Tobin – Elementary Nest is a
great set of mini lessons to begin introducing
narrative writing to younger students.

Simple Story

Here are a couple of simple stories that you could use

to work on your student’s narrative skills.

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 Free Story Element Story Telling Cards and Frames
for Narrative Production by Susan Berkowitz is an
engaging way to expand student’s narratives into
simple stories.

The Ant and the Grasshopper Text + Narrative

Analysis Questions and Frames by Professor Todd is
a simple story and accompanying worksheet that
walks students through analyzing the story.

Kayaking Chaos – Visual Prompt Short Story

Worksheet with Modelled Sample by Luke Daly
prompts students to write short stories with visual
prompts. This is a great print and go activity.

Printable PDF

Here are a couple of simple stories that you could use

to work on your student’s narrative skills.

A Simple Hero’s Journey Organizer. Summarize.

Story. Review. Plot. ELA. ESL by ELT Buzz Teaching

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 Resources is a great organizing tool for this simple
text that outlines a heroes journey to help students
deconstruct narratives.

Reading Comprehension Story – simple sequencing,

inferencing, attributes by SLP Materials is a great
simple story to get students thinking about attributes
of a simple story.

Free Simple Social Stories, How to be a good friend,

Playing with my Sister by Elementary and Special
Education Destination is an engaging set of simple
stories for with symbol writing!

Classroom Teachers

If you need grade level short stories to practice

narrative skills asking your child or students classroom
teachers might be very helpful.

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 Conclusion

In conclusion, narrative language acquisition is a

critical aspect of speech therapy for individuals of all
ages. It is a fantastic way to promote better
comprehension, use of complex language, and social
skills. We have discussed some great ideas for
narrative goals, including story retell, story generation,
and character analysis. These goals can be tailored to

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 meet the individual needs of each client and can be
adjusted as progress is made.

One of the best ways to work on narrative goals is

through the use of visual prompts, such as picture card
cues and graphic organizers. These tools can help
guide the client through the story elements and
promote a deeper understanding of the narrative.
Additionally, incorporating technology, such as digital
storybooks or interactive apps, can make therapy
sessions more engaging and exciting for clients.

It is important to remember that narrative goals should

be measurable and specific, with clear benchmarks for
progress. Regular assessments and data tracking can
help ensure that therapy is effective and that the client
is making progress toward their goals. By incorporating
narrative speech therapy goals into our speech therapy
sessions, we can help our clients develop critical
language skills that will benefit them in all aspects of
their lives.

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 Frequently Asked Questions

What are some effective activities for

improving narrative skills in speech
therapy?

There are many effective activities for improving

narrative skills in speech therapy. Some examples
include story retells, story generation, graphic
organizers, and visual aids. When working on narrative
skills, it is important to target all aspects of the
narrative structure, including characters, setting,
problem, and resolution.

What are some common goals for

expressive vocabulary in speech
therapy?

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 Common goals for expressive vocabulary in speech
therapy include increasing the number of words a client
can use, improving their ability to use descriptive
language, and increasing their ability to use context
clues to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words. It
is important to target vocabulary that is relevant to the
client’s daily life and interests.

What are some ways to work on

describing skills in speech therapy?

There are many ways to work on describing skills in

speech therapy. Some examples include using graphic
organizers, describing pictures, and using sensory
details. It is important to target a variety of descriptors,
including size, shape, color, texture, and function.

What are some appropriate vocabulary

goals for preschool-aged children in
speech therapy?

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 Appropriate vocabulary goals for preschool-aged
children in speech therapy include increasing the
number of words they can use, improving their ability to
use descriptive language, and increasing their ability to
understand and use basic concepts. It is important to
target vocabulary that is relevant to the child’s daily life
and interests.

How can speech therapists teach and

improve narrative skills in their clients?

Speech therapists can teach and improve narrative

skills in their clients by using a variety of evidence-
based interventions, including graphic organizers,
visual aids, and story retells. It is important to target all
aspects of the narrative structure, including characters,
setting, problem, and resolution. It is also important to
target vocabulary and descriptive language that is
relevant to the client’s daily life and interests.

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 Bank

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 ← 105+ Initial F Words Speech Therapy
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 135+ Voiced TH Words Speech Therapy
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