Emergency Preparedness and Response
Why should we concerned?
• Every employee could be faced with an
emergency at anytime
• It can put employee into a serious injury or even
fatal
• Every employee needs to know how to get help
during an emergency
Key Questions
• What is the quickest way out of the building?
• What types of alarms do you have in your
work area?
• Where is the gathering point for accounting
for all employees after an evacuation?
• Where are the nearest fire extinguishers?
What is a Workplace Emergency?
A workplace emergency is an unforeseen situation that
threatens your employees, customers, or the public; disrupts
or shuts down your operations; or causes physical or
environmental damage.
Common Types of Workplace Emergencies
- Fire
- Explosion
- Medical Emergency
- Severe Weather (storm, rain, flood, extreme cold or heat)
- Earthquakes
- Major power failures
- Incident with hazardous chemicals
Hazards that can cause Emergency
Three Types of Hazards
Human-caused Hazards include hazardous materials
incidents, Riots, Terrorism
Natural Hazards(natural disasters) include severe weather,
infectious disease (Eg. COVID 19)
Technological Hazards include technology related hazard
such as building fires, power outrages, structural failures or
attack on computers (virus)
Examples of Hazards
Phases of Emergency Management
Mitigation Preparedness Response Recovery
What is Emergency Preparedness and Response?
Emergency Preparedness and Response is to protect worker’s
safety and health by preparing emergency action plan to identify
potential emergency scenarios and how to respond to accidents
and emergencies
Legal
Requirement
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Effective Emergency Action Plan
At a minimum, the EAP must include the
following elements:
• Ways to report fires and other emergencies
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• Evacuation procedures and emergency escape
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route assignments
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• Procedures to be follow by those who remain to
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operate critical plant operations before they
evacuate
• Procedures to account for all employees
after an emergency evacuation has been
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• Rescue and medical duties for those who
are to perform them
• Names or job titles of persons who can be
contacted for further information or explanation
of duties under the plan
Role & Responsibilities
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Organization of Emergency Committee
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• Chairman : Fire Safety and Emergency Response
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Executive (Project Manager, Project Director, Senior
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Manager, etc..)
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• Vice-Chairman (Emergency Response Leader) : Fire
and Emergency Response Leader (Fire Safety Manager,
HSE Manager/Officer) 1
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• Member : Department Head of Each Function
Planning and Building up ERT
- Selecting the right team members
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- Team must include representative from various
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departments including operations, safety, HR, IT,
communications, medical services.
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- Team size and compositions depend on organization’s
size, location, industry, current business threat and
potential risk
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- Identify individuals with relevant knowledge, skill and
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experience
- Designate team leaders and members specific roles and
responsibilities
Most Common Emergency Response Team Roles
Emergency Executive/Incident Commander
- Overall leadership and decision making during emergencies
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- coordinate response efforts, delegate tasks, and ensure a cohesive
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approach
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Communication Coordinators
- Manage internal and external communication during
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emergencies
- Liaise with emergency services and employees
- provide updates and instructions
Safety Officer - Assessing and mitigating potential hazards, monitor safety
protocols, ensure compliance and guidance on protective measure
First Aider - Provide medical assistance to those who needs first aid
Evacuation Coordinator – conduct drill, provide emergency evacuation 1
plan, training emergency procedures 5
Operations Manager – Coordinates logistics support and resources during
emergency. Example, coordinate back up power supply if power outrage
occur during emergencies
Documentation Specialist- record details and maintains documentation
related to emergencies
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Fire Safety and Emergency
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Response Executive
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ERT
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Leader
Emergency Fire/Emergency
Coordinator Warden
Fire Fighting Rescue Security First Aid Collection
Team Team Communication Team Team Team 1
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Fire Safety and Emergency Response Executive
• Overall responsibilities about fire safety
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and emergencies response.
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• Appoint fire safety manager
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• Provide logistics, supervise and instruction to
FSM about implementation for fire and
emergencies Management plan
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Emergency Response Leader
• Develop Fire Safety and Emergency Management Plan
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• Conduct training of fire fighting, transportation and evacuation
to all level of employees
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• Inspection of emergency response equipment
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• Develop EMP for temporary workplaces
• Train and instruction about how to control fire related with
work activities
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• Supervise and instruction to use of combustible and
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flammable materials
• Supervise and instruction to person in charge of fire safety
and emergency warden
• Report to Fire Safety and Emergency Response Executive
Designated Emergency Coordinator
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• Assessing the situation to determine whether an
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emergency exists requiring activation of your
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emergency procedures;
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• Supervising all efforts in the area, including evacuating
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personnel
• Coordinating outside emergency services, such as
medical aid and local fire departments, and ensuring that
they are available and notified when necessary; and 1
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• Directing the shutdown of plant operations when required
Personal In Charge of Fire safety and Emergency Warden
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• Manage and inspection to possible places of fire, produce
sparks places, electrical equipment and others under
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his/her supervision
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• Manage and inspection to fire fighting equipment and
emergency response equipment under his/ her
supervision
• Manage and inspection to hazardous substances under
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“ Appoint Designated to Person in Charge of
Fire safety and Emergency Warden in each
duty assign”
General Roles and Responsibilities For Emergency Response
Management
• Support logistics
• Communicate with employee’s family/media/government
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agency, if necessary
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Employee
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• Follow emergency procedure/evacuate if necessary.
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• Follow instruction of ERT/Management.
• Assemble for headcount during any evacuation
Emergency Response Team
• Call emergency hotline number. 21
• Traffic control at the premises.
• Direct external emergency services
Visitors
• Act accordingly as directed by ERT and evacuate
accordingly.
Training and Drill
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What everyone should know
Educate your employees about the types of emergencies
that may occur and train them in the proper course of action.
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• Make sure all employees understand the function and
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elements of your emergency action plan, including types
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of potential emergencies, reporting procedures, alarm
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systems, and evacuation plans.
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• For those employees that are assigned to perform the task,
make
sure they are trained on emergency shutdown procedures.
• Discuss any special hazards you may have onsite such
as flammable materials, toxic chemicals, radioactive 2
sources, or water-reactive substances. 3
• Inform employees of the fire hazards to which they are
exposed and review with each employee those parts of the
fire prevention plan necessary for self-protection.
Conduct Training
General training for your employees should also
address the following:
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• Individual roles and responsibilities;
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• Threats, hazards, and protective actions;
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• Notification, warning, and communications
procedures;
• Means for locating family members in an
emergency;
• Emergency response procedures; 2
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• Evacuation, shelter, and accountability procedures;
• Location and use of common emergency equipment;
and
• Emergency shutdown procedures
Conduct Emergency Drill
Types of emergency drills to be conducted at the workplace are,
• Fire & Evacuation Drill
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• Spill Containment Drill
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•
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Medical Emergency Drill
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(Practice on the use of emergency equipment & Self-contained
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breathing apparatus (SCBA), giving first aids and etc.)
The process outline involved in the preparation of the drills are as follow
• Prepare the drills schedule and scenario
• Arrange for the facility, logistics and equipment for the practice 2
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• Arrange for attendance of the specific emergency response team
members (Pre-drill meeting with ERT)
• Confirmation of the drill with management
Drill Report(Sample)
Fire & Evacuation Drill Report
Conducted on : 12th October 2020 at 11:30 AM
Drill Scenario : Simulated fire at Production floor’s Testing area, table 4. (Near Store area)
Number of persons present at workplace : 478
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Number of persons participated for in the drill : 470 ( 8 were excused by departmental manager from the drill due
to busy work schedule. )
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No Item Target Actual Remarks
About 20% of participants were
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1 Response Time 10 mins 15 mins observed to be talking and laughing on the
way to assembly point. Some were
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seen using handphones to play games.
Good. All members of the ERT were
2 ERT response time 5 mins 4.5 mins able to gather at fire location within target
time and with the necessary
equipments.
Fire fighters were capable to put out
3 ERT competency OK 2
the fire
No pushing and no over crowding at
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4 Orderliness OK
exit doors.
5 Communication channel OK The correct appointed personnel were
informed accordingly.
All participants were able to follow the
6 Overall response procedure Good procedures as directed and took the
nearest safe evaluation exit route.
Evaluation and recommendation of
Evaluation and commendation of Gaps between actual and planned response.
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No Item Improvement Recommendation
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1 Participating Rate Seek top management’s understanding of the
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importance of such drill and get departmental heads to
enforce full participation rate in the all
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drills conducted.
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2 Response Time Use reminders and safety promotions, to
emphasize the seriousness of such drill conducted and
help employees to participate promptly.
Maybe some form of incentives can be given if they
were able to assemble within the targeted
time in the next drill. 2
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Review Training
• Before implementing the emergency action plan, designate
and train enough people to assist in the safe and orderly
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emergency evacuation of employees. Review the EAP may
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occur for several reasons:
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• Review the EAP with all employees when the
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initial plan is developed or changed.
• Train each new employee when he or she is initially
assigned to the job.
• Review the plan with each employee when his/her 28
actions or responsibilities under the plan change.
• Effective plans often call for retraining employees
annually and include drills in which employees can
practice evacuating their workplace and gathering in
the assembly area.
Emergency Action Plan
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What is an Emergency Action Plan?
The Emergency Action Plan (EAP) is an "action
plan" to organize employer and employee actions
during workplace emergencies. Well developed
emergency plans and proper employee training
will result in fewer injuries and less structural
damage to the facility during emergencies
Steps in developing the EAP
Conduct the following steps to successfully develop
and implement your plan:
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• Development the emergency action plan
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• Establish authority
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• Conduct employee training and plan review
• Review, coordinate and update the plan
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Components of Fire Safety and Emergency Management
Plan (Myanmar Fire Service Department)
• Objective
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• Scope
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• Location, spaces and boundary
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• Type of building and quantity
• Transportation
• Water supply
• Manpower supply 3
• Fire Prevention Plan 1
• Emergency Response Plan (Before, During,
After)
• Review and monitoring
• References
Components of an effective Emergency Action Plan
At a minimum, the EAP must include the following elements:
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• Ways to report/alert fires and other emergencies
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• Evacuation procedures and emergency escape route
assignments
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• Procedures to be follow by those who remain to operate
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critical plant operations before they evacuate
• Procedures for alerting staff and visitors
• Procedures to account for all employees after an
emergency evacuation has been completed
• Rescue and medical duties for those who are to perform 3
them 2
• Names or job titles of persons who can be contacted for
further
information or explanation of duties under the plan
Instructions on how to train new staff
Updating EAP
Operations and personnel change frequently, and an outdated plan
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will be of little value or use in an emergency. You should review and
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evaluate the effectiveness the contents of your plan regularly.
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Update the EAP whenever:
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• employee emergency actions or responsibilities change,
• when there is a change in the layout or design of the facility, new
equipment, hazardous materials,
• processes are introduced that affect evacuation routes 33
•new types of hazards are introduced that require special actions.
The most common outdated item in plans is the facility and agency
contact information
Sample EAP Audit Checklist
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Sample EAP Audit Checklist
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