WPE - Mains
WPE - Mains
4. 2
(d) Stopping distance S u . If the speed is doubled then the 23. (d) W = F.s = (6ˆi + 2ˆj − 3kˆ ).(2ˆi − 3ˆj + xkˆ ) = 0
stopping distance will be four times.
12 − 6 − 3 x = 0 x = 2
W 25 1
5. (c) W = Fs cos cos = = = = 60 24. (a) W = F.(r2 − r1 ) = (4ˆi + ˆj + 3kˆ )(11ˆi + 11 ˆj + 15 kˆ )
Fs 50 2
6. (b) Work done = Force × displacement W = 44 + 11 + 45 = 100 Joule
= Weight of the book × Height of the book shelf
25. (c) W = (3ˆi + cˆj + 2kˆ ).(−4ˆi + 2ˆj + 3kˆ ) = 6 J
7. (b) Work done does not depend on time.
W = −12 + 2c + 6 = 6 c = 6
8. (c) W = F.s = (5ˆi + 3ˆj).(2ˆi − ˆj) = 10 – 3 = 7 J
26. (a) Both part will have numerically equal momentum and lighter
dx part will have more velocity.
9. (a) v= = 3 − 8 t + 3t 2
dt 27. (d) Watt and Horsepower are the unit of power
v0 = 3 m / s and v4 = 19 m/s 28. (b) Work = Force × Displacement
If force and displacement both are doubled then work would be
1 four times.
W = m (v 42 − v 02 ) (According to work energy theorem)
2 29. (d) W = FS cos = 10 4 cos 60 = 20 Joule
1
= 0 .03 (19 2 − 3 2 ) = 5 .28 J 30. (a) W = F.s = (5ˆi + 4 ˆj).(6ˆi − 5ˆj + 3kˆ ) = 30 − 20 = 10 J
2
10. (d) As the body moves in the direction of force therefore work done 31. (b) Fraction of length of the chain hanging from the table
by gravitational force will be positive. 1 60 cm 3 10
= = = n=
W = Fs = mgh = 10 9 .8 10 = 980 J n 200 cm 10 3
11. (d) s Work done in pulling the chain on the table
12. (b) W = mg sin s mgL 4 10 2
W = = = 3 .6 J
m 2n 2 2 (10 /3)2
= 2 10 3 sin 15 10 mg sin
= 5.17 kJ
L/
n
13. (d) W = F.s = (5ˆi + 6ˆj − 4 kˆ ).(6ˆi + 5kˆ ) = 30 − 20 = 10
units
1 2 1 32.
14. (b) W = Fs = F at from s = ut + at 2 (c) When a force of constant magnitude which is perpendicular to
2 2 the velocity of particle acts on a particle, work done is zero and
hence change in kinetic energy is zero.
1 F 2 F 2 t 2 25 (1)2 25 5
W = F t = = = = J 33. (a) The ball rebounds with the same speed. So change in it's Kinetic
2 m 2m 2 15 30 6 energy will be zero i.e. work done by the ball on the wall is
zero.
15. (b) Work done on the body = K.E. gained by the body
1 1 34. (b) W = F.r = (5ˆi + 3 ˆj + 2kˆ ).(2ˆi − ˆj) = 10 − 3 = 7 J
Fs cos = 1 F cos = = = 2 .5 N
s 0 .4 35. (a) K.E. acquired by the body = work done on the body
16. (b) Work done = mgh = 10 9.8 1 = 98 J 1
K . E. = mv 2 = Fs i.e. it does not depend upon the mass of the
17. (b) 2
body although velocity depends upon the mass
t2 t
18. (d) s= ds = dt 1
4 2 2
v [If F and s are constant]
m
md s 6 d t
2 2 2
F = ma = = 2 = 3N 36. (d) W = F.s = (4ˆi + 5ˆj + 0kˆ ).(3ˆi + 0ˆj + 6kˆ ) = 4 3 units
dt 2 dt 4
Now
37. (a) As surface is smooth so work done against friction is zero. Also
2
the displacement and force of gravity are perpendicular so work
W =
2
F ds =
2
3
t
2
dt =
3
2
t2 3
2 2
= (2) − (0) = 3 J 38. (c)
done against gravity is zero.
Opposing force in vertical pulling = mg
0 0 2 0 4
But opposing force on an inclined plane is mg sin, which is
19. (d) Net force on body = 4 2 + 32 = 5 N less than mg.
2 39. (c) Velocity of fall is independent of the mass of the falling body.
a = F / m = 5 / 10 = 1 / 2 m /s
40. (a) Work done = F.s
= (6ˆi + 2ˆj) (3ˆi − ˆj) = 6 3 − 2 1 = 18 − 2 = 16 J (a) 2 J (b) 3.8 J
(c) 5.2 J (d) 24 J
41. (c) When the ball is released from the top of tower then ratio of
distances covered by the ball in first, second and third second 10. The force constant of a wire is k and that of another wire is
hI : hII : hIII = 1 : 3 : 5 : [because hn (2n − 1)] 2k . When both the wires are stretched through same
distance, then the work done
Ratio of work done mgh I : mgh II : mgh III = 1:3:5
(a) W2 = 2W12 (b) W2 = 2W1
Work Done by Variable Force (c) W2 = W1 (d) W2 = 0.5W1
11. A body of mass 0.1 kg moving with a velocity of 10 m/s hits
1. A particle moves under the effect of a force F = Cx from x =
a spring (fixed at the other end) of force constant 1000 N/m
0 to x = x 1 . The work done in the process is
and comes to rest after compressing the spring. The
1 compression of the spring is
(a) Cx 12 (b) Cx 12
2 (a) 0.01 m (b) 0.1 m
(c) Cx 1 (d) Zero
(c) 0.2 m (d) 0.5 m
2. A cord is used to lower vertically a block of mass M by a
g 12. When a 1.0kg mass hangs attached to a spring of length 50
distance d with constant downward acceleration . Work cm, the spring stretches by 2 cm. The mass is pulled down
4
until the length of the spring becomes 60 cm. What is the
done by the cord on the block is
amount of elastic energy stored in the spring in this condition,
d d if g = 10 m/s2
(a) Mg (b) 3 Mg
4 4
(a) 1.5 Joule (b) 2.0 Joule
d
(c) − 3 Mg (d) Mgd (c) 2.5 Joule (d) 3.0 Joule
4
13. A spring of force constant 800 N/m has an extension of 5cm.
3. Two springs have their force constant as k1 and k 2 (k1 k 2 ) The work done in extending it from 5cm to 15 cm is
. When they are stretched by the same force (a) 16 J (b) 8 J
(a) No work is done in case of both the springs
(c) 32 J (d) 24 J
(b) Equal work is done in case of both the springs
14. When a spring is stretched by 2 cm, it stores 100 J of energy.
(c) More work is done in case of second spring
If it is stretched further by 2 cm, the stored energy will be
(d) More work is done in case of first spring
increased by
4. A spring of force constant 10 N/m has an initial stretch 0.20
m. In changing the stretch to 0.25 m, the increase in potential (a) 100 J (b) 200 J
energy is about (c) 300 J (d) 400 J
(a) 0.1 joule (b) 0.2 joule 15. A spring when stretched by 2 mm its potential energy
(c) 0.3 joule (d) 0.5 joule becomes 4 J. If it is stretched by 10 mm, its potential energy
5. The potential energy of a certain spring when stretched is equal to
through a distance ‘S’ is 10 joule. The amount of work (in (a) 4 J (b) 54 J
joule) that must be done on this spring to stretch it through an
(c) 415 J (d) None
additional distance ‘S’ will be
(a) 30 (b) 40 16. A spring of spring constant 5 103 N/m is stretched initially
by 5cm from the unstretched position. Then the work
(c) 10 (d) 20
required to stretch it further by another 5 cm is
6. Two springs of spring constants 1500 N/m and 3000 N/m
respectively are stretched with the same force. They will have (a) 6.25 N-m (b) 12.50 N-m
potential energy in the ratio (c) 18.75 N-m (d) 25.00 N-m
(a) 4 : 1 (b) 1 : 4 17. A mass of 0.5kg moving with a speed of 1.5 m/s on a
(c) 2 : 1 (d) 1 : 2 horizontal smooth surface, collides with a nearly weightless
7. A spring 40 mm long is stretched by the application of a spring of force constant k = 50 N / m . The maximum
force. If 10 N force required to stretch the spring through 1 compression of the spring would be
mm, then work done in stretching the spring through 40 mm
(a) 0.15 m (b) 0.12 m
is
(c) 1.5 m (d) 0.5 m
(a) 84 J (b) 68 J
18. A particle moves in a straight line with retardation
(c) 23 J (d) 8 J
proportional to its displacement. Its loss of kinetic energy for
8. A position dependent force F = 7 − 2 x + 3 x 2 newton acts any displacement x is proportional to
on a small body of mass 2 kg and displaces it from x = 0 to (a) x 2 (b) e x
x = 5 m . The work done in joules is (c) x (d) log e x
(a) 70 (b) 270
19. A spring with spring constant k when stretched through 1 cm,
(c) 35 (d) 135 the potential energy is U. If it is stretched by 4 cm. The
9. A body of mass 3 kg is under a force, which causes a potential energy will be
t3 (a) 4U (b) 8U
displacement in it is given by S = (in m). Find the work
3 (c) 16 U (d) 2U
done by the force in first 2 seconds
20. A spring with spring constant k is extended from x = 0 to 2. (c) When the block moves vertically downward with acceleration
x = x 1 . The work done will be g T
then tension in the cord
1 2 4
(a) kx 12 (b) kx 1 (c) 2kx 12 (d) 2kx 1
2 g 3
T = M g − = Mg
21. If a long spring is stretched by 0.02 m, its potential energy is 4 4
U. If the spring is stretched by 0.1 m, then its potential energy d
Work done by the cord = F.s = Fs cos
will be
3 Mg d
U = Td cos(180 ) = − d = −3 Mg
(a) (b) U 4 4
5
(c) 5U (d) 25U F2
3. (c) W=
22. Natural length of a spring is 60 cm, and its spring constant is 2k
4000 N/m. A mass of 20 kg is hung from it. The extension 1
If both springs are stretched by same force then W
produced in the spring is, (Take g = 9 . 8 m / s 2 ) k
(a) 4.9 cm (b) 0.49 cm As k1 k 2 therefore W1 W2
(c) 9.4 cm (d) 0.94 cm i.e. more work is done in case of second spring.
23. The spring extends by x on loading, then energy stored by the 1 1
4. (a) P.E. = k (x 22 − x12 ) = 10 [(0 .25 )2 − (0 .20 )2 ]
spring is : 2 2
(if T is the tension in spring and k is spring constant) = 5 0.45 0.05 = 0.1 J
T2 T2 1 2
(a) (b) 5. (a) kS = 10 J (given in the problem)
2k 2k 2 2
(c)
T
2k
2
(d)
2T 2
k
1
2
1
k (2 S )2 − (S )2 = 3 kS 2 = 3 × 10 = 30 J
2
24. The potential energy of a body is given by, U F2 U k
2 6. (c) U= 1 = 2 (if force are same)
= A − Bx (Where x is the displacement). The magnitude of 2k U 2 k1
force acting on the particle is
U1 3000 2
(a) Constant (b) Proportional to x = =
U 2 1500 1
(c) Proportional to x 2
F 10
(d) Inversely proportional to x 7. (d) Here k = = = 10 4 N / m
x 1 10 − 3
25. The potential energy between two atoms in a molecule is
a b 1 2 1
given by U( x ) = 12 − 6 ; where a and b are positive W = kx = 10 4 (40 10 − 3 )2 = 8 J
x x 2 2
5 5
constants and x is the distance between the atoms. The atom
is in stable equilibrium when 8. (d) W =
0
Fdx = (7 − 2 x + 3 x 2 ) dx = [7 x − x 2 + x 3 ]50
0
11 a a
(a) x =6 (b) x =6 = 35 – 25 + 125 = 135 J
5b 2b
t3 2
9. (d) S = dS = t dt
2a 3
(c) x =0 (d) x =6
b d 2S d 2 t3
26. Which one of the following is not a conservative force a= 2
= 2 = 2 t m /s 2
dt dt 3
(a) Gravitational force
2 2
(b) Electrostatic force between two charges Now work done by the force W = F.dS = ma.dS
(c) Magnetic force between two magnetic dipoles 0 0
(d) Frictional force
2 2
3 4 2
3 2t t dt = 6 t dt = 2 t
2 3
KEY 0 = 24 J
0 0
1 b 2 c 3 c 4 a 5 a 1 2
10. (b) W= kx
2
6 c 7 d 8 d 9 d 10 b
If both wires are stretched through same distance then W k
11 b 12 c 13 b 14 c 15 d
. As k 2 = 2k1 so W2 = 2W1
16 c 17 a 18 a 19 c 20 b
21 d 22 a 23 a 24 b 25 d 1 1 m 0 .1
11. (b) mv 2 = kx 2 x = v = 10 = 0.1 m
2 2 k 1000
26 d
12. (c) Force constant of a spring
HINTS F mg 1 10
k= = = k = 500 N /m
x1 x x 2 10 − 2
x1 x1
x2 1
1. (b) W F.dx = Cx dx = C = Cx 12 Increment in the length = 60 – 50 = 10 cm
2
0 2
0 0 1 2 1
U= kx = 500 (10 10 − 2 )2 = 2 .5 J
2 2
1 1 (a) m1 : m 2 (b) m2 : m1
13. (b) W= k (x 22 − x12 ) = 800 (15 2 − 5 2 ) 10 − 4
2 2
(c) m1 : m 2 (d) m 12 : m 22
=8J
2. Work done in raising a box depends on
1 2
14. (c) 100 = kx (given) (a) How fast it is raised
2
(b) The strength of the man
1 1 (c) The height by which it is raised
W= k (x 22 − x 12 ) = k [(2 x )2 − x 2 ]
2 2 (d) None of the above
1 3. A light and a heavy body have equal momenta. Which one
= 3 kx 2 = 3 100 = 300 J
2 has greater K.E
(a) The light body (b) The heavy body
1 2
15. (d) U= kx if x becomes 5 times then energy will become 25 (c) The K.E. are equal (d) Data is incomplete
2
4. A body at rest may have
times i.e. 4 25 = 100 J
(a) Energy (b) Momentum
1 1 (c) Speed (d) Velocity
16. (c) W = k (x 22 − x 12 ) = 5 10 3 (10 2 − 5 2 ) 10 − 4
2 2 5. The kinetic energy possessed by a body of mass m moving
= 18 .75 J 1
with a velocity v is equal to mv 2 , provided
17. (a) The kinetic energy of mass is converted into potential energy of 2
a spring (a) The body moves with velocities comparable to that of
1 1 light
mv 2 = kx 2
2 2 (b) The body moves with velocities negligible compared to
the speed of light
mv 2 0 .5 (1 .5)2
x= = = 0 .15 m (c) The body moves with velocities greater than that of light
k 50
(d) None of the above statement is correcst
18. (a) This condition is applicable for simple harmonic motion. As
particle moves from mean position to extreme position its
6. If the momentum of a body is increased n times, its kinetic
energy increases
1 2
potential energy increases according to expression U = kx (a) n times (b) 2n times
2
and accordingly kinetic energy decreases. (c) n times (d) n 2 times
1 2 7. When work is done on a body by an external force, its
19. (c) Potential energy U = kx
2 (a) Only kinetic energy increases
2 (b) Only potential energy increases
U x [if k = constant]
If elongation made 4 times then potential energy will become (c) Both kinetic and potential energies may increase
16 times. (d) Sum of kinetic and potential energies remains constant
20. (b)
2
8. The bob of a simple pendulum (mass m and length l) dropped
2
U2 x 2
=
0.1 from a horizontal position strikes a block of the same mass
21. (d) Ux 2
= = 25
U1 x 1 0 .02 elastically placed on a horizontal frictionless table. The K.E.
of the block will be
U2 = 25 U
(a) 2 mgl (b) mgl/2
22. (a) If x is the extension produced in spring.
(c) mgl (d) 0
F mg 20 9 .8
F = kx x = = = = 4 .9 cm 9. From a stationary tank of mass 125000 pound a small shell
k k 4000
of mass 25 pound is fired with a muzzle velocity of 1000
F2 T 2 ft/sec. The tank recoils with a velocity of
23. (a) U= =
2k 2k (a) 0.1 ft/sec (b) 0.2 ft/sec
dU (c) 0.4 ft/sec (d) 0.8 ft/sec
24. (b) U = A − Bx 2 F = − = 2 Bx F x
dx 10. A bomb of 12 kg explodes into two pieces of masses 4 kg
dU and 8 kg. The velocity of 8kg mass is 6 m/sec. The kinetic
25. (d) Condition for stable equilibrium F = − =0
dx energy of the other mass is
d a b (a) 48 J (b) 32 J
− − 6 = 0 − 12 ax −13 + 6 bx −7 = 0
dx x 12 x (c) 24 J (d) 288 J
11. A rifle bullet loses 1/20th of its velocity in passing through a
12 a 6 b 2a 2a plank. The least number of such planks required just to stop
13 = 7 = x6 x = 6
x x b b the bullet is
26. (d) Friction is a non-conservative force. (a) 5 (b) 10
(c) 11 (d) 20
Conservation of Energy and Momentum - 1 12. A body of mass 2 kg is thrown up vertically with K.E. of 490
joules. If the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m / s 2 , then
1. Two bodies of masses m1 and m 2 have equal kinetic the height at which the K.E. of the body becomes half its
energies. If p1 and p2 are their respective momentum, then original value is given by
ratio p1 : p2 is equal to (a) 50 m (b) 12.5 m
(c) 25 m (d) 10 m (a) 8 m (b) 16 m
13. Two masses of 1 gm and 4 gm are moving with equal kinetic (c) 24 m (d) 32 m
energies. The ratio of the magnitudes of their linear momenta 24. Tripling the speed of the motor car multiplies the distance
is needed for stopping it by
(a) 4 : 1 (b) 2 :1 (a) 3 (b) 6
(c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 16 (c) 9 (d) Some other number
14. If the K.E. of a body is increased by 300%, its momentum 25. If the kinetic energy of a body increases by 0.1%, the percent
will increase by increase of its momentum will be
(a) 100% (b) 150% (a) 0.05% (b) 0.1%
(c) 1.0% (d) 10%
(c) 300 % (d) 175%
26. If velocity of a body is twice of previous velocity, then kinetic
15. A light and a heavy body have equal kinetic energy. Which energy will become
one has a greater momentum ?
1
(a) The light body (a) 2 times (b) times
(b) The heavy body 2
(c) Both have equal momentum (c) 4 times (d) 1 times
(d) It is not possible to say anything without additional 27. Two bodies A and B having masses in the ratio of 3 : 1
information possess the same kinetic energy. The ratio of their linear
16. If the linear momentum is increased by 50%, the kinetic momenta is then
energy will increase by (a) 3 : 1 (b) 9 : 1
(a) 50% (b) 100%
(c) 1 : 1 (d) 3 :1
(c) 125% (d) 25%
28. In which case does the potential energy decrease
17. A free body of mass 8 kg is travelling at 2 meter per second
in a straight line. At a certain instant, the body splits into two (a) On compressing a spring
equal parts due to internal explosion which releases 16 joules (b) On stretching a spring
of energy. Neither part leaves the original line of motion (c) On moving a body against gravitational force
finally (d) On the rising of an air bubble in water
(a) Both parts continue to move in the same direction as that 29. A sphere of mass m, moving with velocity V, enters a
of the original body hanging bag of sand and stops. If the mass of the bag is M
(b) One part comes to rest and the other moves in the same and it is raised by height h, then the velocity of the sphere was
direction as that of the original body
(c) One part comes to rest and the other moves in the M +m M
(a) 2 gh (b) 2 gh
direction opposite to that of the original body m m
(d) One part moves in the same direction and the other in m m
the direction opposite to that of the original body (c) 2 gh (d) 2 gh
M +m M
18. If the K.E. of a particle is doubled, then its momentum will
30. Two bodies of masses m and 2m have same momentum.
(a) Remain unchanged (b) Be doubled
Their respective kinetic energies E1 and E 2 are in the ratio
(c) Be quadrupled (d) Increase 2 times
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 2 : 1
19. If the stone is thrown up vertically and return to ground, its
potential energy is maximum (c) 1 : 2 (d) 1 : 4
(a) During the upward journey 31. If a lighter body (mass M1 and velocity V1 ) and a heavier
(b) At the maximum height body (mass M 2 and velocity V2 ) have the same kinetic
(c) During the return journey (d) At the bottom energy, then
20. A body of mass 2 kg is projected vertically upwards with a (a) M 2 V2 M1V1 (b) M 2 V2 = M1V1
velocity of 2 m sec −1 . The K.E. of the body just before
(c) M 2 V1 = M1V2 (d) M 2 V2 M1V1
striking the ground is
32. A frictionless track ABCDE ends in a circular loop of radius
(a) 2 J (b) 1 J
R. A body slides down the track from point A which is at a
(c) 4 J (d) 8 J
height h = 5 cm. Maximum value of R for the body to
21. The energy stored in wound watch spring is successfully complete the loop is
(a) K.E. (b) P.E. (a) 5 cm
(c) Heat energy (d) Chemical energy
15 A D
22. Two bodies of different masses m1 and m 2 have equal (b) cm
4
momenta. Their kinetic energies E1 and E2 are in the ratio 10 2R C
cm h
(c)
(a) m1 : m 2 (b) m1 : m2 3 E
(d) 2 cm B
(c) m2 : m1 (d) m 12 : m 22
33. The force constant of a weightless spring is 16 N/m. A body
23. A car travelling at a speed of 30 km/hour is brought to a halt of mass 1.0 kg suspended from it is pulled down through 5
in 8 m by applying brakes. If the same car is travelling at 60 cm and then released. The maximum kinetic energy of the
km/hour, it can be brought to a halt with the same braking system (spring + body) will be
force in
(a) 2 10 −2 J (b) 4 10 −2 J (a) 200 J (b) 400 J
(c) 600 J (d) 900 J
(c) 8 10 −2 J (d) 16 10 −2 J 44. If momentum is increased by 20%, then K.E. increases by
34. Two bodies with kinetic energies in the ratio of 4 : 1 are (a) 44% (b) 55%
moving with equal linear momentum. The ratio of their (c) 66% (d) 77%
masses is
45. The kinetic energy of a body of mass 2 kg and momentum of
(a) 1 : 2 (b) 1 : 1 2 Ns is
(c) 4 : 1 (d) 1 : 4 KEY
35. If the kinetic energy of a body becomes four times of its initial
value, then new momentum will 1 c 2 c 3 a 4 a 5 b
(a) Becomes twice its initial value 6 d 7 c 8 c 9 b 10 d
(b) Become three times its initial value 11 c 12 b 13 c 14 a 15 b
1
Kinetic energy of smaller part = m 1v12 = 216 J
2
2 216 2
v1 = v1 = 12 m/s
3
So its momentum = m1v1 = 3 12 = 36 kg-m/s
As both parts possess same momentum therefore momentum of
each part is 36 kg-m/s
P1 m1 4
40. (c) P = 2mE . If E are const. then = = =2
P2 m2 1
41. (d)
h1 h2 h h
If h is the common height when they are connected, by
conservation of mass
A1 h1 + A 2 h2 = h( A1 + A 2 )
h = (h1 + h2 )/2 [as A1 = A 2 = A given]
As (h1/2) and (h2/2) are heights of initial centre of gravity of
liquid in two vessels., the initial potential energy of the system
h1 h (h 2 + h22 )
U i = (h1 A )g + (h2 A ) 2 =gA 1 ...(i)
2 2 2
When vessels are connected the height of centre of gravity of
liquid in each vessel will be h/2,