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Soil

Soils in India are a renewable natural resource essential for agricultural production, characterized by moisture, depth, nutrient richness, and organic matter. They can be classified into sedimentary or residual soils and transported soils based on their formation processes. Alluvial soil, formed by river sediment deposition, is particularly fertile and varies in texture and composition across different regions.

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Sudipta Mazumder
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15 views7 pages

Soil

Soils in India are a renewable natural resource essential for agricultural production, characterized by moisture, depth, nutrient richness, and organic matter. They can be classified into sedimentary or residual soils and transported soils based on their formation processes. Alluvial soil, formed by river sediment deposition, is particularly fertile and varies in texture and composition across different regions.

Uploaded by

Sudipta Mazumder
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Soils in India Soil Solis. a renewable netural resource. supports various living organisms and is amedium of piant growth, Topsol is he urpermast layer of the Earth. t consists of humus. Factors such as variation of temperature, parert rock, decomposers and running water affect the formation of sol Fertile solis essential for agricutual production It has the folowing characteristics: + thas enough moisture to supply essental nuient to plants. + tshould have suftcent depth to enable the plants to grow thes roc 1 tis nich nutrients such as mtrogen, potassium and phosphorus + _eontains organic mater ‘The ferity of sol can be improved by acing ferttsers Classification of Soil Based ons formation, solcan be classified into the folowing categories ‘Sedimentary or Residual Soll When sols formed i ts anginal poston by tragmertaton ofthe parent rock t's called in ty oF residual oa This inches tack So, red So, latent Sol and desert so ‘Transported Soll” These sols are tomes ater beng transported and deposited by various agerts of erosion such 2s water and wind. This incdesalluval SOL Sol in India can be classifed based on their textue, thickness, age, chemical and physical properties. Attuvial Slt tis formed by the depositon of sediments brought down by the nvers. Very fine partes of sol called awa are Seposted by the tvers plans tis ako caled rierine sol because itis marty found in the rver bass. costs of sand, lay and sit krown as foam. Wt has been deposited by the three Himalayan mer systems—the Ganga, the Indus and the Bratmaputra. is ‘bo found in detas formed by nvers Mahanac, Godavan, Kshs and Kaves, + Aluwal soll is classiied nto two types—khadar and ‘r"esesormee em erm bangs Characteristics of Aluvia! Soil «tis fomed by the deposton of seiments by the rivers ast flows fom is upper tots lower course = Wile in the upper pains ofthe rver valleys the sl is coarse; has fne soll pales inthe lower ver valleys + Vile ne atl sot is dry, porous, sandy and faint yelow inthe lower Ganga Valley, becomes compact, ess coarse and meistin West Bengal and Bangladesh Ris ferle as isch in minerals such as ime ard potash. [t's sutable for the growth of khant and

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