HKASENGA DAY SECONDARY SCHOOL
NATURAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT
BIOLOGY TUTORIAL
1. The figure below is a graph showing changes in volume of air during inspiration and
expiration in the respiratory organs of a person.
(a) (i) which letter shows the process of inspiration and expiration taking place? [2]
(ii) Name the activities taking place during stages 1,2 and 3 [3]
(b) Explain why there is an increase in air volume during stage 2 [1]
(c) (i) Describe four changes which will take place in the thorax during inspiration in order to
facilitate the increase in the volume during stage 2. [4]
(d) (ii) Describe four changes which will take place in the thorax during expiration in order to
facilitate the decrease in the volume during stage 2. [4]
2. The diagram below shows the life cycle of a mosquito
(a) (i) Identify two stages in figure above which are most suitable for eradicating malaria. [2]
(ii) For each stage identified in (a) (i) above, state how malaria may be eradicated. [2]
(b) What term is given to the mosquito based on its role in the transmission of malaria pathogen? [1]
(c) (i) Define pathogen [1]
(ii) Name the malaria causing pathogen [1]
3. The figure below shows an incomplete life cycle of a vector
(a) Name two organisms which have a life cycle shown in the figure above [2]
(b) Identify the stages labelled F and G [2]
(c) Suggest the best habitat where eggs are laid by the named organisms in (a) above [1]
(d) Which of the two vectors is host to the following pathogens
(i) Plasmodium …………………………. (ii) vibrio cholerae ……………………………. [2]
(e) Explain why it is important to eradicate these two vectors of disease [1]
4. The figure below shows the longitudinal section of a stem
(a) (i) Which letters in the diagram above correspond to cambium, Xylem and Phloem? [3]
(ii) Explain the functions of S and T in the plant [4]
(b) (i) Which letter corresponds to the structure which needs companion cells to function properly?[1]
(ii) Which letter in the diagram above corresponds to a structure in which substances can either
move up or down? [1]
(a) Define the following terms
(i) Gaseous exchange (ii) internal respiration (iIi) anaerobic respiration [6]
(b) Describe the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during respiration [3]
(c) Suggest ways in which respiration is Important to living things [3]
(d) Compare and contrast respiratory surface of humans and fish [6]
(e) Compare and contrast respiration in plants to that in human beings [6]
(a) Explain how HIV can be transmitted from one person to another [6]
(b) (i) explain the cause of stigma to people living with HIV and AIDS [4]
(ii) Describe ways of reducing stigma [2]
(a) Describe malaria as a disease under the following
(i) Causative agent, [1]
(ii) Signs and symptoms [7]
(iii) Methods of transmission and control [4]
(a) Describe the movement of organic solutes in phloem tissue. [4]
(b) Outline the process of measuring the rate of transpiration using a potometer [4]
(c) Explain the factors that affect the rate of transpiration [4]
(a) Explain the process of transpiration [2]
(b) Describe three environmental factors which affect transpiration [6]
(c) Relate the significance of transpiration to plants and the environment. [4]
