Class: 10 Subject: Science

Time: 3 Hours Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:
 All questions are compulsory.
 The question paper comprises five sections A to E.
 Internal choices are provided.
 Use of a calculator is not permitted.
Section A – Multiple Choice Questions (1 mark each)
(Q.1 to Q.20 carry 1 mark each) [Total: 20 Marks]
1. Which part of the human eye controls the amount of light entering the eye?
A. Retina B. Cornea C. Iris D. Lens
2. The mirror used in vehicle headlights is:
A. Plane
B. Convex
C. Concave
D. Cylindrical
3. Which of the following is a heterotroph?
A. Green plant B. Cuscuta
C. Algae D. Cyanobacteria
4. The splitting of white light into its component colours is called:
A. Dispersion B. Reflection
C. Refraction D. Deviation
5. A concave mirror forms a virtual, erect and magnified image when the object is placed:
A. Beyond C B. At C C. Between F and C D. Between P and F
6. Which of the following causes myopia?
A. Elongated eyeball B. Flattened cornea
C. Shortened eyeball D. Weak ciliary muscles
7. Which gas is released during aerobic respiration?
A. Oxygen B. Nitrogen
C. Carbon dioxide D. Methane
8. The power of a concave mirror is:
A. Always positive B. Always negative C. May be positive or negative D. Zero
9. Which structure helps in accommodation of the eye?
A. Retina B. Iris C. Ciliary muscles D. Cornea
10. The minimum distance for clear vision in a normal eye is:
A. 10 cm B. 15 cm C. 25 cm D. 50 cm
11. The focal length of a spherical mirror is 20 cm. What is its radius of curvature?
A. 5 cm B. 10 cm C. 40 cm D. 20 cm
12. Autotrophic nutrition requires:
A. Oxygen and glucose B. Chlorophyll and sunlight
C. Starch and water D. Enzymes and nitrogen
13. In which part of the alimentary canal is the absorption of digested food carried out?
A. Stomach B. Liver
C. Small intestine D. Large intestine
14. Which mirror is used as a rear-view mirror in vehicles?
A. Concave B. Plane
C. Convex D. Spherical
15. What is the angle between the incident ray and the reflected ray if the angle of incidence is 30°?
A. 30° B. 60° C. 90° D. 0°
16. Presbyopia is corrected using:
A. Cylindrical lens B. Bifocal lens C. Concave lens D. Convex lens
Select the correct option:
A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true
17. A: Myopia can be corrected using a concave lens.
R: A concave lens diverges the light rays before they enter the eye.
18. A: Fats are digested in the stomach.
R: Pepsin is the enzyme responsible for fat digestion.
19. A: Convex mirrors give diminished, erect images.
R: Convex mirrors diverge rays and provide a wider field of view.
20. A: The human eye can see nearby objects clearly due to accommodation.
R: Accommodation is controlled by cornea.
Section B – Very Short Answer Questions (2 marks each)
(Q.21 to Q.26) [Total: 12 Marks]
21. Define accommodation of the eye.
22. A student places an object 30 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 15 cm. Where will the image form?
23. Explain why water cannot be used as a substitute for bile in digestion of fats.
24. What are the two main functions of hydrochloric acid in the stomach?
25. Draw a ray diagram for the image formed by a convex mirror when the object is at infinity.
26. Name the defect of vision caused by aging. How is it corrected?
Section C – Short Answer Questions (3 marks each)
(Q.27 to Q.33) [Total: 21 Marks]
27. Describe the function of the iris and pupil in the human eye.
28. State the laws of reflection. Draw a labeled diagram.
29. Explain the mechanism of breathing in human beings.
30. What is dispersion of white light? Explain with the help of a labeled diagram.
31. With the help of a diagram, explain how a concave lens corrects myopia.
32. How do amoeba and paramecium obtain their food?
33. Explain why autotrophs are considered the foundation of all food chains.
Section D – Long Answer Questions (5 marks each)
(Q.34 to Q.36) [Total: 15 Marks]
34. a) Explain the image formation by a concave mirror when the object is between C and F.
b) Draw a ray diagram and write characteristics of the image.
c) State one use of concave mirrors.
35. a) Describe the process of digestion in the human small intestine.
b) Explain the role of bile juice and pancreatic juice.
36. a) What is presbyopia? State two causes and two ways of correcting it.
b) A person with defective vision cannot read a book at distances less than 100 cm. What type of lens is needed?
Section E – Case-Based Questions (4 marks each)
(Q.37 to Q.39) [Total: 12 Marks]
37. *(Case Study: Refraction in Prism)*
A student performed an experiment to understand refraction of light through a glass prism. He noticed the emergent
ray bent at an angle to the direction of incident ray.
a) What is the angle between the emergent ray and the incident ray called?
b) Why does refraction occur at each surface?
c) What shape of spectrum is seen through the prism?
d) Name the color that bends least.
38. *(Case Study: Vision Defects)*
Ravi, a 14-year-old, was unable to read the blackboard clearly while sitting at the back. His teacher advised an eye
check-up.
a) Name the eye defect Ravi is suffering from.
b) What type of lens will be prescribed?
c) State two causes for this defect.
d) Draw the ray diagram showing correction of this defect.
39. *(Case Study: Life Processes)*
Seema conducted an experiment to check photosynthesis using a variegated leaf.
a) Why did she keep the plant in the dark for 3 days?
b) What is the role of iodine in the test?
c) What conclusion can be drawn if the non-green part of the leaf turns yellow-brown?
d) Write the balanced equation of photosynthesis.