Great!
Here's DevOps Viva Prep (Easy Language) — with short theory (in your requested
style), plus important viva questions and answers. Starting with the first 4 practicals:
✅ 1. Git & GitHub Basics
🔹 Theory (Easy Language):
Git is a tool used to track changes in code. It is called a version
control system.
GitHub is a website used to store Git projects online.
Git is used on your local computer, and GitHub is used to share
your project with others on the internet.
🔁 Git vs GitHub:
Git GitHub
A version control A cloud-based Git repository hosting
tool. service.
Used locally. Used for sharing repositories.
Does not need
Needs internet to access.
internet.
Command-line
Web-based platform.
based.
❓ Viva Questions & Answers:
Q1. What is Git?
It is a tool used to track changes in files and manage code versions.
Q2. What is GitHub?
It is a website where we can upload and share our Git projects online.
Q3. Why do we use Git?
To keep track of code changes and to work in teams without overwriting each other’s code.
Q4. How do you upload a project to GitHub?
By using commands:
git init, git add ., git commit -m "msg", git remote add origin, git push
✅ 2. Git Operations (Local & Remote)
🔹 Theory (Easy Language):
Local repository: The Git folder in your computer.
Remote repository: A Git project on GitHub.
Git operations are used to upload (push), download (pull), or copy
(clone) code.
❓ Viva Questions & Answers:
Q1. What is a local repo?
A Git project saved on your own computer.
Q2. What is a remote repo?
A Git project saved on websites like GitHub.
Q3. What is git push?
It sends your code to the GitHub repository.
Q4. What is git pull?
It downloads new changes from GitHub to your computer.
Q5. What is git clone?
It makes a full copy of a GitHub project into your local machine.
✅ 3. Jenkins Install & Build Job (with Maven/Gradle/Ant)
🔹 Theory (Easy Language):
Jenkins is a tool used to automate things like building and testing
code.
It is a CI tool (CI = Continuous Integration).
You can install Jenkins, add plugins like Maven/Gradle/Ant, and set
up a build job (automatic task).
❓ Viva Questions & Answers:
Q1. What is Jenkins?
It is a tool used to automate building, testing, and deploying code.
Q2. What is a build job?
It is a task in Jenkins that compiles and tests your code automatically.
Q3. What is Maven used for in Jenkins?
Maven builds Java projects and manages dependencies.
Q4. What steps to create a Jenkins job?
1. Open Jenkins
2. Click “New Item”
3. Select Freestyle Project
4. Add Git repo
5. Add build step using Maven
6. Save and build
✅ 4. Jenkins Pipeline & Tomcat Deployment
🔹 Theory (Easy Language):
A pipeline is a script in Jenkins that shows the steps like build →
test → deploy.
Tomcat is a web server used to run Java applications (WAR files).
Jenkins can be set up to deploy code automatically to Tomcat using
a pipeline.
❓ Viva Questions & Answers:
Q1. What is a Jenkins pipeline?
It is a set of steps written in code to build and deploy your application.
Q2. What is Tomcat used for?
It is used to run Java-based web apps.
Q3. What is a WAR file?
It stands for Web Application Archive. It contains the web app files.
Q4. How do you deploy to Tomcat from Jenkins?
Use a pipeline or plugin to copy the WAR file to Tomcat's webapps folder.
Would you like me to continue with Practicals 5 to 8 in the same format?
Perfect — here's your complete DevOps Viva Prep Guide for all 8 practicals with:
✅ Short theory (easy to remember)
❓ Common viva questions
✅ Their answers (clear and concise)
🔧 1. Git & GitHub Basics
✅ Theory:
Git is a distributed version control system that tracks changes in code. GitHub is a remote
hosting platform where Git repositories can be stored and shared.
❓ Viva Questions & Answers:
Q1. What is Git?
A: Git is a distributed version control system used to track changes in source code during
software development.
Q2. What is GitHub?
A: GitHub is a cloud-based platform for hosting Git repositories and collaborating on code.
Q3. How do you initialize a Git repository?
A: Use the command git init inside the project folder.
Q4. How do you upload a local project to GitHub?
A:
1. git init
2. git add .
3. git commit -m "Initial commit"
4. git remote add origin <URL>
5. git push -u origin main
🔧 2. Git Operations (Local & Remote)
✅ Theory:
Git allows operations like commit, push, pull, clone, merge, and branch. You can work
locally and sync with remote repositories.
❓ Viva Questions & Answers:
Q1. What’s the difference between local and remote repositories?
A: Local is on your system; remote is on GitHub or similar platforms.
Q2. What does git clone do?
A: It copies a remote repository to your local system.
Q3. How do you create and switch to a new branch?
A: git checkout -b branch_name
Q4. What is a merge conflict?
A: When two branches change the same part of a file, Git can't merge automatically. You
resolve it manually.
🔧 3. Jenkins Installation & Build Job
✅ Theory:
Jenkins is a CI tool that automates builds and tests. You can install plugins to support Maven,
Gradle, or Ant and configure a build job.
❓ Viva Questions & Answers:
Q1. What is Jenkins?
A: An open-source automation server used for continuous integration and delivery.
Q2. What is a build job in Jenkins?
A: A task Jenkins performs, like compiling code or running tests.
Q3. What tools can be integrated with Jenkins?
A: Maven, Gradle, Git, Docker, Selenium, etc.
Q4. How do you create a simple job in Jenkins?
A: Create a freestyle project → Configure source code → Add build steps → Save → Run.
🔧 4. Jenkins Pipeline & Tomcat Deployment
✅ Theory:
A pipeline in Jenkins defines a series of steps to build, test, and deploy code. You can deploy
WAR files to a Tomcat server via pipeline.
❓ Viva Questions & Answers:
Q1. What is a Jenkins pipeline?
A: It's a script-based process to define CI/CD steps in Jenkins.
Q2. How do you deploy to Tomcat from Jenkins?
A: Configure deployment steps in pipeline (or use deploy-to-container plugin).
Q3. What are common stages in a pipeline?
A: Build, Test, Deploy.
Q4. What plugins are required for Tomcat deployment?
A: Deploy to container plugin, Maven integration plugin.
🔧 5. Jenkins Master-Slave Architecture
✅ Theory:
Jenkins Master handles scheduling, UI, and dispatching builds to agents (slaves), which run
the jobs.
❓ Viva Questions & Answers:
Q1. Why use master-slave in Jenkins?
A: To run jobs on multiple machines, reduce load on the master, and parallelize execution.
Q2. How do you add a slave node?
A: Go to Manage Jenkins → Nodes → New Node → Enter details → Connect.
Q3. What is a label in Jenkins nodes?
A: A tag to target specific jobs to specific agents.
Q4. What’s the difference between master and slave in Jenkins?
A: Master coordinates, slave executes.
🐳 6. Docker Architecture & Lifecycle
✅ Theory:
Docker is a containerization platform. It uses images to create isolated containers. A
container goes through lifecycle stages like created, running, stopped, and removed.
❓ Viva Questions & Answers:
Q1. What is Docker?
A: An open-source platform to automate application deployment in containers.
Q2. What’s the difference between image and container?
A: Image is a template; container is a running instance of the image.
Q3. Common Docker commands?
A:
docker pull – Download image
docker run – Start container
docker ps – List containers
docker exec – Run command inside container
Q4. What is the container lifecycle?
A: Create → Run → Pause → Stop → Remove
✅ 7. Selenium Tests with Jenkins
✅ Theory:
Selenium automates web browsers. It can be integrated with Jenkins to auto-run test scripts as
part of CI.
❓ Viva Questions & Answers:
Q1. What is Selenium?
A: A tool for automating browser-based applications.
Q2. How do you run Selenium tests in Jenkins?
A: Create a job → Add Maven/Gradle to run tests → Post-build actions to generate reports.
Q3. Why integrate Selenium with Jenkins?
A: To run automated UI tests after every code push/build.
Q4. Where are test results shown?
A: Jenkins build page under “Test Result” or HTML reports.
8. Puppet/Ansible Configuration Management
✅ Theory:
Puppet (pull-based) and Ansible (push-based) are configuration management tools used for
automating infrastructure as code.
❓ Viva Questions & Answers:
Q1. What is Configuration Management?
A: Managing and automating software/hardware configurations in servers.
Q2. What is Puppet and how does it work?
A: Puppet uses manifests to define system configurations. It works via agent-master (pull).
Q3. What is Ansible and how is it different?
A: Ansible uses YAML playbooks and pushes configs directly (no agent needed).
Q4. What is a Puppet manifest?
A: A file (.pp) that describes system resources and how they should be configured.
If you want this as a PDF or want flashcards format for revision, just say the word.
