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Electromagnetic Induction
Question Paper

Level O Level

re
Subject Physics
Exam Board Cambridge International Examinations
Unit Electricity and Magnetism

tu
Topic Electromagnetic Induction
Booklet Question Paper

c
Le
Time Allowed: 64 minutes

Score: /53
a

Percentage: /100
eg

Grade Boundaries:
M

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1 Electrical power is transmitted by cables over long distances at very high voltages.
What are the effects of using a high voltage transmission system?

re
tu
2 Electric power cables transmit electrical energy over large distances using high-voltage,
alternating current.
c
Le
What are the advantages of using a high voltage and of using an alternating current?

advantage of using a high voltage advantage of using an alternating current

A high current is produced in the cable the resistance of the cable is reduced
a

B high current is produced in the cable the voltage can be changed using a transformer
C less energy is wasted in the cable the resistance of the cable is reduced
eg

D less energy is wasted in the cable the voltage can be changed using a transformer
M

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3 As a magnet is moved into the coil of wire as shown, there is a small reading on the sensitive
ammeter.

N S

re
Which change increases the size of the reading?

A moving the opposite pole into the coil

tu
B pulling the magnet out of the coil
C pushing the magnet in faster
D unwinding some of the turns of wire
c
Le
4 An ideal transformer has a primary voltage of 600 V and a secondary voltage of 240 V.

The secondary coil is attached to a resistor of resistance 120 Ω.

primary coil secondary coil

a
eg

600 V 240 V 120 Ω

M

What is the power dissipated in the resistor and the current in the primary coil?

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5 The diagram shows a d.c. motor with its coil horizontal.

axle

re
d.
d.c. supp

Why is a split-ring commutator used?

tu
A to change the current direction in the coil as the coil passes the horizontal position
B to change the current direction in the coil as the coil passes the vertical position
C c
to change the current direction in the d.c. supply as the coil passes the horizontal position
Le
D to change the current direction in the d.c. supply as the coil passes the vertical position

6 Which graph shows the voltage output of an a.c. generator when the coil makes one complete
revolution?
a

A B
eg

voltage voltage
M

0 0
0 time 0 time

C D

voltage voltage

0 0
0 time 0 time

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7 A student moves a magnet into a coil of wire as shown in the diagram. The coil of wire is
connected to a sensitive ammeter.

coil

S N

magnet

re
ammeter

Which change does not produce an increase in the reading?

tu
A increasing the number of turns on the coil
B increasing the resistance of the ammeter
C increasing the speed of the magnet
c
Le
D increasing the strength of the magnet

8 The diagram shows a simple d.c. motor.

a

Which labelled part is the commutator?

eg

A
M

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9 A transformer is used to operate a 12 V lamp from a 250 V mains supply.

transformer

250 V 12 V
0.10 A 2.0 A

re
tu
The mains current is 0.10 A. The current in the lamp is 2.0 A.

What is the efficiency of the transformer?

A 0.048 B 0.050 c C 0.96 D 1.04

Le
a
eg
M

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10 The graph shows the output of an a.c. generator. The coil in the generator rotates 20 times in one
second.

re
c tu
Le
a
eg
M

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11 Which material is used for the core of a transformer and why?

material reason

A copper good conductor of electricity

B copper easy to magnetise and demagnetise
C iron good conductor of electricity
D iron easy to magnetise and demagnetise

re
12 A current is produced when a wire is moved between two magnets as shown.

tu
ammeter A
c
Le
N S

movement
a

of wire
eg

Which device uses this effect?

A a battery
M

B a generator
C a motor
D an electromagnet

13 Why is a transformer used to connect a generator in a power station to a long-distance

transmission line?

A to decrease the voltage and decrease the current

B to decrease the voltage and increase the current
C to increase the voltage and decrease the current
D to increase the voltage and increase the current

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14 A bar magnet is pushed into one end of a long coil connected to a sensitive meter.

bar magnet coil

sensitive meter

re
Which of the following affects the magnitude of the deflection of the meter?

A the direction in which the coil is wound

tu
B the speed with which the magnet enters the coil
C which end of the coil is used
D which pole of the magnet enters first
c
Le
15 Which graph represents the voltage output of a simple a.c. generator?

A B
a

voltage voltage
eg

0 0
0 time 0 time
M

C D

voltage voltage

0 0
0 time 0 time

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16 The diagram shows the N-pole of a magnet moving into, and out of, a coil of wire.

N X coil of wire
magnet

This movement produces a current in the coil of wire. The current produces a magnetic pole at X.

re
Which pole is produced at X when the magnet is moved in and when it is moved out?

c tu
Le
a
eg
M

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17 A simple a.c. generator produces an alternating e.m.f. as shown.

1.0

e.m.f. / V 0
0 1.0
.0 2 time / s
_1.0

The speed of the generator is doubled.

Which graph best represents the new output?

re
1.0

A e.m.f. / V 0
0 1.0
.0 2 time / s

tu
_1.0

2.0 c
Le
1.0

B e.m.f. / V 0
0 1.0
.0 2 time / s
_1.0
a

_2.0
eg

1.0

C e.m.f. / V 0
0 1.0
.0 2 time / s
M

_1.0

2.0

1.0

D e.m.f. / V 0
0 1.0
.0 2 time / s
_1.0

_2.0

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1 A magnet is moved towards a coil of insulated wire. A voltmeter connected across the coil shows
a positive reading.

What produces a higher reading on the voltmeter?

A moving the magnet away from the coil at the same speed
B moving the magnet away from the coil at a slower speed
C moving the magnet towards the coil at a faster speed
D moving the magnet towards the coil at a slower speed

re
tu
1 The diagram shows the output of an a.c. generator as displayed on a cathode-ray oscilloscope.
The horizontal scale is 5 ms / cm.

c
Le
a
eg

1 cm

What is the time for one complete rotation of the coil of the generator?

A 5 ms B 10 ms C 20 ms D 30 ms
M

20 The electromotive force (e.m.f.) induced in a conductor moving at right-angles to a magnetic field
does not depend upon

A the length of the conductor.

B the resistance of the conductor.
C the speed of the conductor.
D the strength of the magnetic field.

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21 The diagram shows part of an a.c. generator when its coil is in a horizontal position.

magnet coil

N S

re
The graph shows the voltage output plotted against time.

Which point on the graph shows when the coil is in a vertical position?

tu
A
voltage
output D
c B
Le
0
0 time

C
a
eg

22 The diagrams show three electrical devices, X, Y and Z.

coil rotation soft iron

M

N rotation
rotation N
axis
coil N S S

S cylindrical
magnet coil

X Y Z

Which devices provide an alternating current (a.c.) output?

A X only B Y only C X and Y D X and Z

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23 A small coil is connected to a galvanometer G, as shown.

re
G

tu
When a magnet is allowed to fall towards the coil, the galvanometer pointer gives a momentary
deflection to the right of the zero position. c
Le
The magnet moves through the coil.

What happens to the galvanometer pointer as the magnet falls away from the coil?

A It gives a continuous reading to the left.

a

B It gives a momentary deflection to the left.

eg

C It gives a continuous reading to the right.

D It gives a momentary deflection to the right.
M

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24 A magnet is pushed slowly into a coil and there is a current in the coil in the direction shown.

magnet

current

The magnet is then pulled out quickly from the same end of the coil.

re
What happens to the direction and the size of the current?

c tu
Le
25 The diagram shows an a.c. generator connected to an electrical circuit (load resistor).
a

coil of axle
many turns
eg

mechanical drive

N S
M

slip rings

load resistor
Which statement is correct?

A The direction of the potential difference across the load resistor is always the same.
B The size of the induced e.m.f. depends on the number of turns in the coil.
C The size of the induced e.m.f. does not change as the coil turns.
D Winding the coil on a soft-iron cylinder makes no difference to the induced e.m.f.

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26 The diagram shows an a.c. generator connected to a resistor.

coil of axle
many turns
mechanical drive

N S

slip rings

re
tu
resistor

Some changes are made, one at a time. c

Le
• The speed of the drive is changed.

• The strength of the magnets is changed.

• The number of turns in the coil is changed.

a

• The value of the resistor is changed.

eg

How many of these alter the value of the e.m.f. generated in the coil?

A 1 B 2 C 3 D 4
M

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34 A simple a.c. generator produces a voltage that varies with time as shown.

2
voltage / V
1

0 time / s
0 1 2 3 4
–1

–2

Which graph shows how the voltage varies with time when the generator rotates at twice the

re
original speed?

2
voltage / V

tu
1
A 0 time / s
0 1 2 3 4
–1
c
Le
–2

2
voltage / V
1
a

B 0 time / s
0 1 2 3 4
eg

–1

–2

2
M

voltage / V
1
C 0 time / s
0 1 2 3 4
–1

–2

2
voltage / V
1
D 0 time / s
0 1 2 3 4
–1

–2

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28 Why is electrical energy usually transmitted at high voltage?

A As little energy as possible is wasted in the transmission cables.

B The current in the transmission cables is as large as possible.
C The resistance of the transmission cables is as small as possible.
D The transmission system does not require transformers.

re
29 A magnet is pushed horizontally towards a coil of wire, inducing an e.m.f. in the coil.

tu
magnet

c
Le
In which direction does the induced e.m.f. make the coil move?

A away from the magnet

B towards the magnet
a

C downwards
eg

D upwards
M

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30 The graph shows the output of an a.c. generator. The coil in the generator rotates 20 times in one
second.

re
c tu
Le
a
eg
M

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31 Why is a transformer used to connect a generator in a power station to a long-distance

transmission line?

A to decrease the voltage and decrease the current

B to decrease the voltage and increase the current
C to increase the voltage and decrease the current
D to increase the voltage and increase the current

re
32 A conductor is moving horizontally across a vertical magnetic field.

tu
N conductor

movement
c
Le
of conductor

S
A
a

An e.m.f. is induced in the conductor. No deflection is seen on the ammeter.

eg

What is the reason for this?

A The ammeter is not between the poles.

M

B The conductor is moving too slowly.

C The conductor is not cutting field lines.
D The poles are too close together.

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33 Which transformer arrangement produces an output voltage that is larger than the input voltage?

A B
iron core iron core

d.c. output a.c. output

input input

re
C D

tu
iron core iron core

d.c.
input c
output
a.c.
input
output
Le
a

34 Which diagram shows how the voltage output of a simple a.c. generator varies with time?
eg

A B

voltage voltage
M

0 0
0 time 0 time

C D

voltage voltage

0 0
0 time 0 time

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35 The diagram shows a working transformer.

input output
(primary coil) (secondary coil)

re
Which statement is correct?

tu
A The input voltage is d.c.
B The input voltage is greater than the output voltage.
C
D
c
The input voltage is less than the output voltage.
The input voltage is the same as the output voltage.
Le
36 The diagram shows how a magnet and a coil may be used to induce an electric current.
a

coil moving towards magnet

eg

N S
M

magnet
A

How could the ammeter reading be increased?

A Move the coil more slowly.

B Put a resistor in series with the ammeter.
C Turn the magnet round, then move the coil.
D Use a coil with more turns.

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37 A small coil is connected to a sensitive ammeter. The ammeter needle can move to either side of
the zero position.

As the magnet falls towards the coil, the ammeter needle moves quickly to the right of the zero
position.

re
tu
The magnet moves through the coil.

How does the ammeter needle move as the magnet falls away from the coil?

A It does not move. c

Le
B It gives a steady reading to the right.
C It moves quickly to the left of the zero position and then returns to zero.
D It moves quickly to the right of the zero position and then returns to zero.
a

38 The diagram shows transformers and cables used to transmit electrical energy over long
eg

distances.
M

power transformer transformer

station X houses

How does transformer X affect the voltage and the current from the power station?

oltage
voltage current

A decreases it decreases it
B decreases it increases it
C increases it decreases it
D increases it increases it

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39 A permanent magnet moving up and down on the end of a spring induces an e.m.f. in a coil.

support
spring

S permanent
movement
magnet
N

re
coil

tu
Which factor, on its own, would decrease the maximum value of the induced e.m.f.?

A increasing the number of turns in the coil

c
Le
B increasing the strength of the magnet
C raising the coil
D raising the support of the spring
a
eg
M

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40 A transformer has more turns on the secondary coil than on the primary. The graph shows how
the input voltage varies with time.

voltage
0
time

Which graph, drawn to the same scale as the input graph, shows how the output voltage varies
with time?

re
voltage
A 0
time

voltage c tu
Le
B 0
time
a

voltage
C 0
eg

time
M

voltage
D 0
time

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41 An alternating current is passed through a wire stretched between the poles of a magnet.

N
S a.c.
supply

re
Which way will the wire move?

tu
A left and right
B right only
C up and down c
Le
D up only

42 A girl turns the handle of a small a.c. generator four times each second. The generator produces
a maximum output voltage of 0.5 V.
a

Which of the following graphs best shows this?

eg

A B

0.5 0.5
output output
voltage/V voltage/V
M

0 0
0.5 1 time / s 0.5 1 1.5 2 time / s
0 0

–0.5 –0.5

C D
0.25 0.25
output output
voltage/V voltage/V
0 0
0.5 1 0.5 1 1.5 2 time / s
0 time / s 0

–0.25 –0.25

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43 Which statement about the action of a transformer is correct?

A An e.m.f. is induced in the secondary coil when an alternating voltage is applied to the
primary coil.
B An e.m.f. is induced in the secondary coil when there is a steady direct current in the primary
coil.
C The current in the secondary coil is always larger than the current in the primary coil.
D The voltage in the secondary coil is always larger than the voltage in the primary coil.

re
44 Electrical energy is transmitted at high alternating voltages.

tu
What is not a valid reason for doing this?

A At high voltage, a.c. is safer than d.c.

B
c
For a given power, there is a lower current with a higher voltage.
Le
C There is a smaller power loss at higher voltage and lower current.
D The transmission lines can be thinner with a lower current.
a

45 Why can birds stand on an overhead high voltage transmission line without suffering any harm?
eg

A Their bodies have a very high resistance.

B Their feet are very good insulators.
C The spaces between their feathers act as insulators.
M

D They are not connected to earth.

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46 A step-up transformer with 100 % efficiency has an input voltage of 3 V and an input current
of 2 A.

input output
voltage voltage
3V

Under these conditions, what output voltage and output current could be obtained?

re
output voltage / V output current / A

A 1 6

tu
B 2 3
C 4 1
D 6 1
c
Le
47 A student pushes the N-pole of a bar magnet into the end Q of a long solenoid and observes a
a

deflection to the right on the sensitive ammeter.

eg

A
M

N S
P Q

What will produce a deflection in the same direction?

A pulling the N-pole out of end Q

B pulling the S-pole out of end P

C pushing the N-pole into end P
D pushing the S-pole into end P

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48 A step-down transformer changes 240 V a.c. to 12 V a.c. There are 600 turns on the primary coil.

How many turns are on the secondary coil?

A 20 B 30 C 600 D 12 000

49 Why are high voltages and low currents used to transmit electrical energy over long distances?

A to increase the electromagnetic radiation

re
B to increase the speed at which electrons move
C to reduce heat loss from the power line

tu
D to reduce the resistance of the power line

c
Le
50 The number of turns between each pair of output terminals of a transformer is shown in the
diagram.

P
10 turns
a

Q
20 20 turns
6V R
eg

turns
40 turns

S
M

Between which two terminals will the output be 12 V?

A P and Q B Q and R C R and S D P and R

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52 The diagram shows a metal bar swinging like a pendulum across a uniform magnetic field. The
motion induces an e.m.f. between the ends of the bar.

pivot

magnetic field

re
c tu
Le
P

Which graph represents this e.m.f. during one complete oscillation of the bar, starting and finishing
a

at P?
eg

A B C D
e.m.f. e.m.f. e.m.f. e.m.f.
M

0 0 0 0
time time time time

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52 Why is electricity transmitted along power lines at very high voltages?

A to reduce the resistance of the cables
B so that transformers can be used
C to make sure that the current is the same all the way along the power lines
D to reduce loss of energy

53 A small coil is connected to a galvanometer as shown below. When the magnet is allowed to fall

re
towards the coil, the galvanometer pointer gives a momentary deflection to the right of the
zero position.

tu
S
N
c galvanometer
Le
The magnet moves through the coil and, as it falls away from the coil, the galvanometer pointer
a

A gives a continuous reading to the left.

eg

B gives a momentary deflection to the left.

C gives a momentary deflection to the right.
D gives a continuous reading to the right.
M

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