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TESTBANKf or Community Public H ,A

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8TH Edition by A,y vq ealthNursing A,y A,y

Mary
A.Nies,MelanieMcEwen| Complete Guide W
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Chapter 01: Health: ACommunity Viewoi oi oi oi oi

MULTIPLECHOICE
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1. Whichbestdescribestheprimaryreasonthat Americansareconcernedabouthealthcare?
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a. Politiciansarediscussinghowtoimprovehealthcare.
b. Themediahasprovidedmixedmessagesa boutthehealthcaresystem.
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c. Ournationalhealth carecostskeepincreasing.
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d. Thenewhealthcaresystemoffersfreeservicesto Americans. v q

ANS:C,

The primary reason for the focus on health care is the

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us/doc/6837107/test-bank-for-community-public-
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accountedforthemajorityofe scalating h ealth care

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from 5.7% of the gross domesticproduct in 1965 to1 7.8%in 2 015. vq ,y v q Ay ,

Politiciansandt hemediabothinfluenceAmericans‘ perceptionsabout healthcare;however,they

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arenottheprimaryreasonwhyAmericansareconcerned.Thenewhealthcare
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change the health care access andavailability, but willnot vq

necessarily
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DIF: CognitiveLevel:Understand(Comprehension)

2. Anursehasbeguntolobbywithpoliticiansforchangest othehealthcaresystem.Whyis , v q vq A

this involvementi mportant?

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a. Nurses,ascentralcharactersinseveralpopularTVseries,a recurrentlyvery ,yA v q v q

visiblei nAmericanme di,yA v q y

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Na. vq

b. Nursesareprimarilyresponsibleform thevariousunitsinourhealth
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caresystem. vq

c. Nursesarethelargests egmentofhealthcareproviders. ,yA v q

d. Nursesaretheonlygroupthatise mployedbothinsideandoutsideofhospitals.
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ANS:C

Asthelargestsegmentofhealthcareproviders,nursesareinformeda bout thecurrenth

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and all the problems that result from people not seeking
care until vq they aredesperately ill. Nurses, as the American

Nurses Association Click this for full (ANA) emphasize,usuallybelievethathealthcarei sar vq A

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centraltoour current health care delivery system, can also be

instrumental in working politically tocreateahealthc are d eliverysystemthatwill
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meeth ealth n eeds.Whilenurses a reinseveralcurrent TVse

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outsideofhospitals,physiciansandotherhealth carep rovidersareaswell.Nursesareoftenmanagers,

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melanie-mcewen-complete-guide-a-grade
enhave otherbackgrounds,such asbusiness administration.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) oi oi oi

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3. Whatconclusion can be drawn from examining where nurses a re employed?
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a. There is a trend toward consolidation o fhealth care into large central

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health-nursing-8th-edition-by-mary-a.-nies-
medical centers.
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b. There is an increased emphasis on community-based health care.

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c. There is an obvious need to decrease health care costs by cutting positions.
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d. Managed care organizations (MCOs)are employing nurses to improve customer

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relations.
ANS: B oi

MCOs are employing nursesin manycapacities. Although hospitalsareclosing and acute care is oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

increasingly found in central medical centers, the same trend may be seen in an increase in
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A neighborhood-based practice centers. While positions are cut in most industries, health care is
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A recognized v as an area
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employment
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A However,
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A are increasinglyemployed in communitysettings as opposed to hospitals. This change reflects

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A, the move toward community-based care rather than hospital-based tertiary care. To help
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A decrease the continued rise in health care costs, the increased emphasis is on disease prevention
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A rather than high-cost treatment.

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DIF: Cognitive Level: Understand (Comprehension) oi oi oi

4. Which ethical belief would be most helpful in the current health care crisis? oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

a. Emphasis should be on individual and corporation freedom in the marketplace. oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

b. Emphasisshould be on individual autonomy and freedom of choice. oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

c. Emphasis should be on social justice and collective responsibility. oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

d. Emphasis should be on the effectiveness o f technology in resolving problems. oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

ANS: C oi

Public health recognizes the necessity of collective action in keeping the environment safe and in oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi v q v q A v q

v q egalitarian v tradition q and , v q v q y v q A v q , v q y v q v q A v q , v q y v q o v q A v q , v q y v q i v q A v q , v q y v q A,y o v q A v q , v q y v q i v q A v q , v q y v q A,y o v q A v q , v q y v q i v q A v q , v q y v q A,y o v q A v q , v q y v q i v q A v q , v q y

vvision. q An overinvestment in o
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A technology v q and seeking

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o cures within the market justice system has stifled the

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o
evolution of a health system to protect
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A and preserve the health of the population. Although individual autonomy and freedom of choice
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are
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vcollective q responsibility A,y o v q A v q , v q y v q i v q A v q , v q y v q o

A
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o justice, which entitles all people to basic necessities.

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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply(Application) oi oi oi

5. What is the p rimary p roblem seen in Healthy People 2020’s e mphasis on choosing oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

A, y healthy lifestyle behaviors, such as daily exercise or healthy food choices?

oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

a. Emphasison o ther lifestyle choices, such asn ot smokingand minimal use of oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

alcohol or drugs, is also needed. A,y oi oi oi oi oi oi

b. Allof us must work together to make unhealthy b ehaviors socially unacceptable. oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

c. It costs more to make healthy choices, such as buying and eatingfresh fruits oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

and vegetables as opposed to quick and cheap fast-food choices. A, y oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

d. Publicpolicy e mphasizes personal responsibility but i gnores social and oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

environmental changes needed for well-being. oi

A, y oi oi oi oi

ANS: D oi

Although all responses are accurate, the primary problem is the emphasis on personal choices in oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi v q v q A v q
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v q the Healthy People 2020 objectives. Emphasis on personal choices ignores the need for
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community responsibility and action that addresses environmental A,y A

or
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restraints
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply(Application)
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6. What responsibility does the A merican Nurses Association (ANA)Code o f Ethics require o f
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the nurse beyond giving excellent care to patients?

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us/doc/6837107/test-bank-for-community-public-
a. Accept longer work s chedules to ensure that professional care is always available
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health-nursing-8th-edition-by-mary-a.-nies-
melanie-mcewen-complete-guide-a-grade
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to clients. oi

b. Recognize the n eed for e xperienced nurses to mentor newgraduates to oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

help increase and expand the number of professionals available. A, y oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

c. Supporthealth legislation to improve a ccessibility and cost of health care. oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

d. Volunteer to work overtime as needed to ensure maximum qualityo f care. oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

ANS: C oi

The ANA Code o f Ethics promotes social reform b yfocusing on health policy and legislation tooi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

v
positively affect accessibility, quality, and cost of health care. The code does not directly
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v address workplace issues, such as work schedules or need for overtime.

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DIF: Cognitive Level: Analyze (Analysis) oi oi oi

7. What is the community health nursing definition o f health? oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

a. Health is a person’s goal-directed purposeful process toward well-being or oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

wholeness. A,y oi

b. Health is an individual’s physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

absence of disease or infirmity. A,y oi oi oi oi oi

c. Health is the mutual adaptation b etween a p erson and his orher environment in oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

meeting daily existence. A,y oi oi oi

d. Health isfamilies and aggregates choosing actions to ensure safety and well-being. oi o
i i
o oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

ANS: D oi

The text stresses that h ealth is not just the result o f an individual‘s choices, but choices and actions of
oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi v q oi

individuals, families, groups, and communities that lead to better health.

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DIF: Cognitive Level: Apply(Application) oi oi oi

8. How does community health nursing define community? oi oi oi oi oi oi

a. A group of p ersons living within specific geographic boundaries oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

b. A group of persons who share a common identity and environment oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

c. A group of persons who work together to meet common goals oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

d. A group of persons who resolve a community concern oi oi oi oi oi oi oi oi

ANS: B oi

Community health nurses work with both geopolitical o

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A geographic boundaries) and phenomenological groups (who have a common identity based on
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culture, history, or goals). A particular phenomenological group may or may not have been a
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o A geographic setting) is the broadest and most complete definition.

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DIF: CognitiveLevel: Apply(Application) vq