CRE FORM 2 NOTES 2020

PROPHECIES ABOUT THE COMING MESSIAH

1. PROPHECIES CONCERNING THE MESSIAH IN THE OLD TESTAMENT

 The word Messiah comes from the Hebrew word “Messiac” which means “the anointed”.
 A Messiah is someone called, anointed and appointed by God to serve Him in a special way.

(a) Nathan’s prophecy (2 Samuel 7:3-17)

 It consists of three prophecies. The first prophecy is a warning against David’s wish to build a
temple for the Ark of the Covenant which represents God’s presence (vs 4-7). David could
not build the Tempe for God because he had shed blood in wars.
 In the second prophecy God told David that one of his sons would build the Temple (vs 12-
13).
 The third prophecy (vs 14-16) reflects a Messianic prophecy promising that the Kingdom
established by David would continue and would be blessed in this prophecy:
1. God would ensure that the kingdom of David lasts forever.
2. An heir from David’s lineage would always be raised up to sit on the throne.
3. The king would deliver the people of Israel from their enemies. Israel would live in
peace.
4. God would always support such a king.
5. God would keep the kingdom strong for David’s sons.
6. God would make David’s name great and bless his descendants forever.
7. God would give Israel their own land.

(b) Isaiah’s prophecy (Isaiah 7:10-16, 9:1-7, 61:1-2)

In Isaiah 7:10-16, the prophet said that the Messiah would be:
1. Born by a virgin
2. Called Immanuel i.e. God with us.
3. Eating curds and honey when he knows how to refuse the evil and choose the good.

Isaiah 9:17 talks about the restoration of the Kingdom of David under a righteous descendant of
David who was to have supernatural titles such as:
i. Wonderful counselor
ii. Mighty God
iii. Eternal father or everlasting father
iv. Prince of peace
The future ruler would have a great kingdom to race. He would rule according to God’s will and this
would continue until the end of time.

Isaiah 61:1-2, refers to the character of the Messiah:

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 i. He has the spirit of God
ii. He has been anointed by God
iii. He has been sent to preach the Good News to the poor.
iv. He has been sent to bring liberty or freedom to the captives (those in prison)
v. He has come to proclaim the year of favour from God.
vi. He has come to comfort all who mourn.

Names/titles given to the Messiah by prophet Isaiah. Kcse 2003/2019

1. Wonderful counselor
2. Mighty God
3. Everlasting/ eternal father
4. Prince of peace
5. Immanuel/ God with us

The message of Prophet Isaiah about the messiah. Kcse 2009/2014

1. The messiah would be a descendant of David/rule from the throne of David

2. The messiah will rule forever
3. He would be despised /rejected by many/a man of sorrow/suffering servant
4. He would be born of a young woman/virgin
5. Messianic reign/rule will bring happiness/joy to the Israelites
6. He would be wounded for people’s transgressions/would suffer for sins of human beings
7. Peace /prosperity will prevail during the messianic reign
8. He will be called wonderful/counselor/mighty God/Everlasting Father/Prince of
peace/anointed/ Immanuel.
9. He will rule with justice/ righteousness
10. He would have characteristics of normal human being/child
11. His suffering through the will of God/it will be initiated by God

(c) Jeremiah’s prophecy about the Messiah (Jeremiah 23:5-6). Kcse 2015
i. The Messiah would come from the house of David.
ii. He would be righteous
iii. He would rule wisely
iv. He will reign as king.
v. He would execute justice/righteousness in the land
vi. He would bring salvation upon Judah
vii. He would provide security/safety in Israel
viii. He would be called “the Lord our righteousness”.

(d) Micah’s prophecy (Micah 5:1-5) kcse 2012/2018

Micah’s prophecy focuses on the small town of Bethlehem, David’s birth place According to Micah:
i) The Messiah will be born in Bethlehem
ii) He will rule over Israel
iii) His origin is from of old/ancient days.

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 iv) He will be born of a woman.
v) He will feed his flock.
vi) He will rule in the majesty/power of God.
vii) In his time, Israel will be secure.
viii) He shall be great to the ends of the earth
ix) Israel will have victory over her enemy/ there will be peace in Israel.

(e) The Psalmist’s prophecy (Psalm 41:9, 110:1-2)

 He is betrayed by his close friend.
 He sits at the right hand of God
 He has victory over His enemies.
 He rules from Zion.

(f) The suffering servant (Isaiah 53)

 This chapter talks of a suffering servant of God. Through the suffering of the servant,
salvation was brought to the people. The main ideas are:
i. The servant will succeed in his work and will be highly honoured.
ii. This success and honour will surprise many who witnessed his suffering.
iii. The servant is despised, rejected and ignored by those who are with him.
iv. He has nothing attractive. He is very ordinary and simple.
v. He is harshly treated, arrested, sentenced to death and killed.
vi. His body is buried with the bodies of rich men.
vii. He endures all that is done to him in humble silence.
viii. He accepts the suffering which should have been received by others for their sins.
ix. Through his suffering, human beings are reconciled to God.
x. It was the will of God that the servant should suffer.
xi. His death is a sacrifice to bring forgiveness of sins.

How Jesus fulfilled Isaiah’s prophecy. Kcse 2001

i. He bore the sins of the human race

ii. He delivered Israel by dying on the cross/crucified
iii. He submissively bore suffering and disgrace
iv. He was despised and rejected
v. He was a man of sorrow/grief
vi. He was pierced/wounded
vii. He appeared before the Sanhedrin/Pilate for judgment
viii. He was crucified with two thieves
ix. He was buried in a rich man’s tomb
x. Through him God’s everlasting Kingdom was established
xi. He was without sin/holy
xii. Through Jesus many have been forgiven/saved.
xiii. Jesus was exalted/made great
xiv. Jesus was born of a virgin/divine birth/Holy spirit

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 xv. He was of the lineage of David
xvi. He was a wonderful counselor/prince of peace/Emmanuel
xvii. He established justice on earth
xviii. He was Almighty
xix. Jesus said he had come to fulfill the prophecy of Isaiah
xx. He was filled with the Holy spirit.

1. THE CONCEPT OF THE MESSIAH IN THE NT (LUKE 1:26-38, 2:1-23, 23:1-35, 24:50-51)
 At the time of Jesus Christ, the Jews were under Roman rule. They: expected a worldly
political Messiah who would free them from their oppressors and rule them with justice and
righteousness (Jer 23:5-6).
 Luke states that Jesus is a descendant of King David; and was destined to rule forever (Luke
1:27).
 He was born of a virgin (Luke 1:27) in the city of David called Bethlehem (Luke 2:4).
 In Mary’s Song (Magnificat), Mary says “God has helped his servant Israel, in remembrance
of his mercy” (Luke 1:54).
 Zachariah’s song (Benedictus) indicates that the salvation promised to the Israelites through
the house of David had at last arrived (Luke 1:67-74).
 The angel of the Lord assured the shepherds that, ‘for to you is born this day in the city of
David, a savior who is Christ the Lord’. (Luke 2:11)
 When Jesus was brought to the Temple for dedication, Simeon was happy & ready to die
because he had seen the salvation promised to Israel in the person of Jesus (Luke 2:26-30).
 When the magi from the East visited baby Jesus, they asked: ‘where is he who has been
born king of the Jews?’ (Matt 2:2).
 When Jesus asked his disciples who they thought he was, Peter replied: ‘The Christ
(Messiah) of God” (Luke 9:20).
 During his trial before the Sanhedrin Jesus was asked to declare whether he was the Christ
(Luke 22:67). He answered them that they would not believe him if he told them.
 When he was brought before Pilate, Jesus was accused of calling Himself Christ, a King (Luke
23:2-3). Jesus, however, told Pilate that his kingdom was not of this world (John 18:36).

The Jews expectations of the Messiah. Kcse 2002/2017

1. They expected a political leader who would overthrow Roman rule.
2. The Messiah would convert Jerusalem to be the centre of rule/political centre.
3. They expected the Messiah to establish the kingdom by conquering the enemies of Israel.
4. The Messiah would be a descendant of David/royal descent.
5. He would come after the return of Elijah.
6. He would not associate with the poor, sinners and gentiles.
7. He would make Judaism a superior religion.
8. He would perform miracles.
9. The Messiah was to rule the whole world.
10. The establishment His kingdom would be preceded by cosmic signs/mysteries.
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References in the NT which show how Jesus fulfilled the OT prophecies concerning the coming
Messiah
1. The Old Testament prophecies that the Messiah would be born in the lineage of David is
confirmed when the angel Gabriel was sent from God to Mary who was engaged to Joseph.
Joseph came from the lineage of David.
2. Nathan’s prophecy that God would make David’s descendants rule over Israel forever is
affirmed by Angel Gabriel to Mary during the annunciation. The angel said “…The Lord will
give to him the throne of his father David, and will reign over the house of Jacob forever”.
(Luke 1:32).
3. Isaiah’s prophecy of the virgin conception is fulfilled in Angel Gabriel’s message to Mary that
she was going to conceive by the power of the Holy Spirit.
4. Isaiah’s prophecy that the Messiah would be named Immanuel is fulfilled in Angel Gabriel’s
message to Joseph that Mary’s son would be called Immanuel (Matt 1:18-25).
5. Jesus was born in Bethlehem, the small town of Judah, which was also the birth place of
King David (Luke 2:5) fulfilling Micah’s prophecy.
6. Jesus was hailed as the Messiah descended from David by the blind beggar of Jericho who
shouted: “Jesus son of David…” fulfilling Nathan’s prophecy that the Messiah would come
from David’s house.
7. Isaiah’s prophecy of a Messiah who would bring salvation of the whole world is echoed in
the prophecy of Simeon in the Temple.
8. When Jesus taught in the Synagogue in Nazareth at the beginning of his ministry, he quoted
from Isaiah 61:1-2 to affirm that He was the messiah.
9. Isaiah’s prophecy (Isaiah 26:19, 35:5-6, 61:1) about the Messiah who would work miracles
was fulfilled when Jesus turned water into wine at Cana in Galilee, raised the dead, cast out
demons etc.
10. Isaiah’s prophecy of a suffering servant in chapter 53 is fulfilled through the passion and
death of Jesus:

Like the suffering servant, Jesus suffered humiliation

1. He bore the sins of human beings
2. He delivered humanity by dying on the cross
3. He submissively bore suffering and disgrace.
4. He was despised and rejected
5. He was mocked and spat on
6. He was pierced and wounded in the sides.
7. He was crucified with thieves.
8. He was buried in a rich man’s tomb.
9. Through him, God’s everlasting kingdom was established.
10. He was innocent of sin and yet treated as a criminal.
11. Through Jesus’ wounds, many have been forgiven their sins.
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 2. THE ROLE OF JOHN THE BAPTIST (Isaiah 40:3-5, Malachi 3:1, 4:5-6, Luke 7:20-35)
 John the Baptist acted as a link between the Old Testament and the New Testament.
 In the Old Testament, prophets Isaiah and Malachi had prophesied of a time when God
would intervene in history and bring his rule on earth.
 Isaiah talked about a voice in the wilderness crying out, “prepare in the wilderness a road
for the Lord!...”
 Malachi said the messenger to prepare the way was Elijah.
 Christians believe that God sent Elijah in the person of John the Baptist to pave the way for
Jesus Christ. John had the following characteristics of prophet Elijah:
i. He appeared in the wilderness
ii. He lived a simple life
iii. He wore camel’s skin
iv. He ate locusts and wild honey
v. He had the courage to face King Herod and condemned him for marrying his
brother’s wife.

Ways through which John the Baptist fulfilled his role of preparing the way for the coming of
Jesus.
1. During the annunciation of the birth of John, angel Gabriel told Zachariah that the child to
be born would turn many of the sons of Israel to the Lord and would go before the Messiah
in the Spirit and power of Elijah.
2. John the Baptist fulfilled this prophecy in preparing the way for Jesus Christ when he
preached the baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.
3. When John was asked by the chief priests and the unbelieving Jews whether he was the
Messiah, he replied that he was not the Messiah, but the one who prophet Isaiah spoke
about.
4. John bore witness to Jesus as the Messiah and the “Lamb of God, who takes away the sin of
the world” (John 1:29).
5. He introduced Jesus to his disciples as the Messiah. After hearing this, two of his disciples
left him and followed Jesus.
6. During his preaching, JB reminded his listeners that someone greater than him was coming
whose sandals he was not worthy to untie. He would baptize them with fire and holy spirit.
7. John the baptist baptized Jesus in the River Jordan after which a voice from heaven
acknowledged Him as the Messiah: “Thou art my beloved son; with thee I am well pleased”.
(Like 3:22).
8. He had challenged the Pharisees on their hypocrisy and the pagan Roman authorities for
being oppressive and immoral.
9. From prison, John sent two of his disciples to ask Jesus whether he was the expected
Messiah or they wait for another. Perhaps this was to reassure his disciples.
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Challenges John the Baptist faced during his ministry
(i) Preached in the wilderness.
(ii) He was imprisoned for challenging Herod’s behavior.
(iii) Lived on locusts and honey in the wilderness.
(iv) He led a solitary life.
(v) He was beheaded.
(vi) He was misunderstood to be the Messiah. Luke 3:15
(vii) Rebuking Herod the tetrarch because of marrying Herodias, his brother’s wife and other
evils he had committed.
(viii) Had a challenge in identifying Jesus as the Messiah. Luke 7:19 – 20
(ix) Pharisees and tax collectors rejected the baptism of John / they hadn’t been baptized by
John the Baptist. Luke 7:30
(x) He was was falsely accused of /considered being demon possessed. Luke 7:33.

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THE INFANCY AND EARLY LIFE OF JESUS
1. THE ANNOUNCIATION
a) The Birth of John the Baptist is foretold (Luke 1:5-25)
The annunciation of the birth of John the Baptist. (Lk 1:8-20). Kcse 2013/2019

1. Angel Gabriel appeared to Zechariah as he performed his priestly duties in the temple.
2. The angel stood by the right side of the altar.
3. Zechariah was filled with fear when he saw the angel
4. The angel told him not to be afraid because his prayer had been heard.
5. The angel told Zechariah that the wife would bear him a son/the son would be called John.
6. The angel informed Zechariah the work/qualities of the son to be born
7. Zechariah did not believe the angel's message he and his wife were advanced in age
8. The angel revealed his identity as Gabriel who had been sent by God to bring the message
9. Because of his unbelief, the angel made him dumb until the baby is born.
10. Zechariah delayed in the Temple which made the worshippers to wonder.
11. When he came out, he could not speak/he made signs to the people/people perceived that he
had seen a vision in the Temple.

The message of Angel Gabriel about John the Baptist. Kcse 2012
i) John the baptist was to be a son
ii) His name was to be John
iii) He would bring joy/ gladness to his parents/ many will rejoice at his birth.
iv) He will be great before God.
v) He was to drink no wine/strong drink
vi) He was to be filled with the Holy spirit from his mother’s womb
vii) He would turn many of the sons of Israel to the Lord their God
viii) He was to go before the Lord in the spirit/power of Elijah.
ix) He will turn the hearts of the fathers to the children/ the disobedient to the wisdom of
the just.
x) He was to make ready for the Lord a people prepared.

Outline what Angel Gabriel revealed about John the Baptist when he announced his birth to
Zechariah. Kcse 2007
1. He would be a source of joy to the parents
2. Many people would rejoice at his birth
3. He would be great in the sight of the Lord
4. He was not to take strong drink/wine
5. He was to be filled with the Holy Spirit from his mother’s womb
6. Many Israelites would turn to God through him
7. He would have the spirit of Elijah/power
8. He was to prepare the people for the Lord/call people to repentance
9. He would turn the fathers hearts to children / bring reconciliation

What Christians learn about the person and mission of John the Baptist, from the message of
angel Gabriel to Zechariah (Lk 1:14-17). Kcse 2013
1. John would bring joy/gladness to many people
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2. He would be great before God
3. John would be a Nazarite/would not drink any wine.
4. He would be filled by the Holy spirit.
5. He would reconcile the Israelites with God/fathers with their children
6. He would have the spirit/power of Elijah
7. He would bring justice/turn the disobedient to wisdom of just
8. He would prepare people for the coming of the messiah.

Lessons Christians learn from the annunciation of the Birth of John the Baptist.kcse 2017
1. Christians learn that children are gift from God.
2. They should be persistent in prayer.
3. They should have faith/trust in God.
4. They learn that doubting God’s message can lead to punishment.
5. They should serve God regardless of the circumstances they are in.
6. They should be patient.
7. They learn that God has a purpose for their lives.

Lessons that Christians learn from the lives of Zechariah and Elizabeth. Kcse 2011

(i) Christians should be righteous / upright / blameless

(ii) They should obey God's commandments
(iii) They should persevere / be patient
(iv) They should serve God faithfully /commitment.
(v) They should be prayerful.
(vi) They should depend on God / ask God for their needs
(vii) They should believe God’s word .
(viii) They should thank God for blessings
(ix) They praise / worship the lord
(x) They should desire to be led by the Holy Spirit
(xi) Christian should rejoice at the blessings of others.

Ways in which the church in Kenya assists families to cope with challenges facing them. Kcse 2013

1. The church organizes seminars/workshops for different groups on family life;

2. Offering guidance and counseling;
3. Paying visits to families/fellowship with them;
4. Producing/disseminating literature on proper Christian living;
5. Preaching/teaching on the importance of helping the needy;
6. Giving financial/material support to the needy;
7. Praying for the families;
8. Providing vocational training;
9. Offering employment to jobless people;
10. Condemning vices which threaten families
11. Establish rehabilitation centres/homes for destitute

b) The annunciation of the birth of Jesus by angel Gabriel (Luke 1:26-38) kcse 2018

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 1. Angel Gabriel appeared/was send to Mary in Nazareth.
2. Mary was a young woman who had been engaged to a man named Joseph from the
house of David.
3. The angel greeted Mary “Hail, O favoured one, the Lord is with you.”
4. Mary was troubled by the greeting/wondered what it could be.
5. The angel told her not to be afraid since she had found favour with God/was going
to conceive/give birth to a son.
6. He would be called Jesus.
7. The angel told Mary that Jesus will be great/will be called the Son of the most
high/God will give the throne of his father David.
8. Mary asked the angel how she was going to conceive without a husband.
9. The angel told her that she would conceive by the power of the Holy Spirit.
10. Mary accepted the angels message/said “I am the hand maid of the Lord, let it be
to me as you have said.”
11. The angel departed from her.
12. The angel told Mary that her kinswoman Elizabeth had also conceived a son/was
six months pregnant.

Outline the message of angel Gabriel to Mary in Luke 1:26 -38. KCSE 2008

 She was highly favoured among women.

 She will bring forth a son/will be named Jesus.
 He will be called the son of the most highest/son of God/will be great.
 He will be given the throne of his father David.
 He will reign over the house of Jacob for ever.
 The kingdom will be everlasting.
 The Holy Spirit would come upon her.
 The child to be born would be holy.
 That Elizabeth her cousin had also conceived in her old age.
 With God, nothing will be impossible.

With reference to the visit of angle Gabriel to Mary, state revelations about Jesus Christ. Kcse
2004
 Jesus was to be great
 Jesus will be the son of God
 Jesus was to rule over the house of Jacob
 Jesus was to be given the throne of David
 Jesus would have an everlasting kingdom
 He was to be conceived through the power of the Holy spirit
 He would be a holy child

From the story of the early life of Jesus up to twelve years, identify ways through which he is seen
as coming from a poor background. Kcse 2007
1. His father was a poor carpenter
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 2. His mother was an ordinary village girl
3. He was born in a manger/cattle shed
4. He was born in a small town of Judah/Bethlehem
5. The first people to visit him were shepherds who were lowly regarded.
6. He was revealed to Simeon and Anna who were simple
7. During his dedication the parents offered birds
8. He grew up in Nazareth / town of low status

Similarities between the annunciation of the birth of Jesus Christ and John the Baptist. Kcse
2003/2017
1. In both, Angel Gabriel announced their births
2. In both, the unborn were males
3. In both, the conception was through divine intervention.
4. In both, the possibility of the message was doubted by Zechariah and Mary.
5. In both cases signs were given to confirm the messages/signs were given to Zechariah and
Mary.
6. In both the children were to be God’s servants.
7. Zechariah and Mary were both troubled and afraid/the angel told both not to be afraid.
8. In both, the children were first born.
9. In both, the names of the children were given by the Angel before birth.
10. In both, the mission of the children was given by the angel.

Differences between the annunciations of the birth of John the Baptist and Jesus Christ
1. John’s birth was announced in the temple whereas Jesus’ birth was announced to his
mother at home.
2. The birth of John the Baptist was announced to his father whereas Jesus’ birth was
announced to his mother.
3. John the Baptist would be born through biological conception whereas Jesus’ birth will be
conceived by the Holy Spirit.
4. Zechariah doubted the angel’s message due to old age while Mary doubted it because she
was a virgin/young woman.
5. Zechariah was given the sign of being dumb whereas Mary was given the sign of Elizabeth’s
pregnancy.
6. The angel announced that John will prepare the way for the coming of the Lord while it was
announced that Jesus is Christ the Lord who will rule forever.

(a) Mary visits Elizabeth (Luke 1:39-56) KCSE 2011

 She entered Zechariah’s home.
 She greeted Elizabeth.
 When Elizabeth heard Mary’s greetings, the baby in her womb leaped.
 Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit.
 Elizabeth exclaimed with a loud cry.
 She blessed Mary and the child in her womb.
 Elizabeth wondered why Mary the mother of her Lord has visited her.
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  Elizabeth informed Mary that the baby in her womb had leaped for joy in her greetings.
 Mary responded by praising God/ she sang the magnificat.
 Mary stayed with Elizabeth for three months.

Explain what the Magnificat reveals about the nature of God. Kcse 2008
1. God is a saviour because he remembers the lowly.
2. God is mighty for he scatters the proud/does great things.
3. God is holy/holy is his name.
4. God is merciful to those who fear him from generation to generation.
5. God is caring/protecting because he exalts the humble.
6. He is a provider/sustainer because he fills the hungry.
7. He is faithful because he keeps his promises.
8. He is kind/helper to his servant Israel.

Lessons that Christians learn from the magnificat. Kcse 2018

1. Christians should always appreciate/thank/glorify God for his favours.
2. Christians should have faith in God.
3. Christians should be humble.
4. Christians should rejoice when they are blessed by God.
5. Christians should obey/respect the will of God.
6. Christians should depend on God for provision.

Lessons learnt from the incident of Mary’s visit to Elizabeth

1. Christians should visit relatives and friends.
2. They should visit the sick.They should fellowship/ share the word of God with others.
3. Christians should be a source of inspiration/ encourage others.
4. They should sing and praise God for His blessings.
5. They should preach the good news to others.
6. They should give testimonies of God’s great blessings in their lives.
7. They should practice humility in their lives.
8. They should pray for God’s blessings in their lives.

The differences between the work of John the Baptist and that of Jesus Christ. Kcse 2006/2016
1. John the Baptist preached mainly in the wilderness/ the desert of Judah, while
Jesus preached in the synagogues/ homes cities/ towns/ temple
2. John the Baptist called people to repentance, while Jesus forgave/ died for
their sins
3. John the Baptist baptized with water, but Jesus baptized with the holy spirit/ fire
4. John the Baptist lived the life of Nazarite, while Jesus mixed freely with all
people
5. The emphasis of John the Baptist preaching was in the promised Messiah, while that of
Jesus was about the kingdom of God
6. John the Baptist’s message was direct whereas Jesus preached in parables
7. While John the Baptist disciples fasted, the disciples of Jesus ate and drank
8. John the Baptist did not perform miracles, but Jesus ministry was full of
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 signs/ wonders
9. John the Baptist was the fore runner / prepared the way while Jesus fulfilled/
was the messiah

10. THE BIRTH OF JOHN THE BAPTIST (LUKE 1:57-80)

 When the time came for Elizabeth to be delivered, she gave birth to a son.
 Her neighbours and relatives rejoiced with her.
 On the 8th day, the boy was circumcised according to Jewish customs.
 Elizabeth named the baby John to everyone’s surprise. Those present thought he would be
named Zachariah after his father.
 To confirm this, Zachariah wrote down the child’s name as ‘John’. Zachariah wrote on a
writing tablet, “His name is John”. They all marveled.
 Immediately his mouth was opened and his tongue loosed, and he spoke, blessing God.
 Fear came on all their neighbours and all events were talked about though all Judea.
 All who heard them laid them up in their hearts asking, “What then will this child be?”
 Zachariah was filled with the Holy Spirit and sang a hymn known as Benedictus in Latin
meaning “blessed”.
 It has 2 parts
 In the 1st part (Luke 1:68-75), Zachariah praised God for many things. He described God in
the following ways.
i. He is a redeemer- He saved his people from sin (vs 68).
ii. God has brought salvation through Jesus from the house of David (vs 69) as he
promised through the prophets.
iii. God fulfils the promises that he made to Abraham and through the prophets in the
Old Testament (vs 70).
nd
 The 2 part of the hymn (Luke 1:76-79) outlines the mission of John.
i. He would be the prophet of the most high God (vs 76)
ii. He would go before the Lord to prepare the road for him-forerunner of the Messiah
(vs 76)
iii. He would impart the knowledge of salvation to the people (vs 77)
iv. He would call people to repentance and forgiveness in order to restore the right
relationship with God (vs 77).
v. He would give light to those living in darkness of guide them into the path of peace
(vs 79).
 The child grew and become strong in spirit and was in the wilderness till the day of his
manifestation to Israel.

The importance of singing in Christian Service. Kcse 2009

1. It is an opportunity to praise/adore God

2. Christians pass messages/pray through singing
3. Singing makes worshippers relax
4. Singing creates an atmosphere of worship
5. The singing removes boredom because of the varied activities during the service
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 6. God given talents are portrayed/enhanced during singing.
7. Non members are attracted to church through singing
8. Those who feel depressed are encouraged through singing
9. Singing unites/brings worshippers together as they all join in chorus/song.

Similarities between the Magnificat and the Benedictus

i. Both were songs of praises.

ii. Both use Old Testament phrases.
iii. Both share thematic and structural features.
iv. Both were recited by people whom Angel Gabriel had been sent to.
v. Both songs result from the news about the birth of baby boys.
vi. Both are poetic.
vii. Both songs talk about the fulfillment of the Old Testament prophesies.

Ways in which Christians should respond to childlessness in Kenya today. Kcse 2019
I. Pray to God to bless their marriage with a child.
II. Seek guidance and counselling on the issue and read the Bible for encouragement.
III. Seek medical advice/assistance about it.
IV. The couple is exhorted to remain faithful inspite of the problem and accept it as God’s will
V. They should remain patient or be less anxious.
VI. They should also seek advice from experienced couples with children.
VII. Continue to uphold the church doctrine on marriage.
VIII. They may adopt children or engage in charitable activities.
IX. The couple can take care of children of their relatives for company.

11. THE BIRTH OF JESUS (LUKE 2:1-20)

 The birth of Jesus took place in Bethlehem, in Judea, during the reign of the Roman
Emperor, Augustus Caesar.
 A census had been ordered by the Empire to determine the payment of taxes and those
eligible for military recruitment. It was the first census when quirinius was governor of Syria
(4 to 1 BC).
 Mary and Joseph travelled to Bethlehem City of David, the birth place of Joseph. People
were supposed to be counted from their original home areas.
 Joseph: moved to Bethlehem, because he belonged to David’s lineage.
 Mary was expecting a child. There was no room in the inn for them to lodge in.
 When the time came for her child to born, she gave birth to a son.
 The child was wrapped in swaddling clothes and laid in a manger.
 In the same region, there were shepherds looking after their flocks.
 An angel of the Lord appeared to them.
 The glory of the Lord shone around them and they were filled with fear.
 The angel told the shepherds not to be afraid for he had brought good news of a great joy to
all people.

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  He told them that a savior had been born in the city of David and His name is Christ the
Lord.
 The shepherds were given a sign to identify the baby-they would find him wrapped in
swaddling clothes and lying in a manger.
 Suddenly a group of angels appeared and sang in praise to God saying:
“Glory to God in the highest, and on earth peace among men with whom he is pleased”.
 When the angels left, the shepherds went to Bethlehem and saw the baby lying in the
manger.
 They told the parents of Jesus about the message they had received from the angel.
 All who heard it wondered at what the shepherds told them.
 Mary kept in her heart all the things she was told.
 The shepherds returned, glorifying and praising God for all they had heard and seen.

The activities that took place when Jesus was born (Luke 2:6-20). Kcse 2009/2014

i. Mary, the mother of baby Jesus wrapped him in swaddling clothes.

ii. She laid him in a manger
iii. There were shepherds watching over their flock
iv. An Angel appeared to the shepherds in the region to tell them of the birth of the Saviour
v. A great company of heavenly hosts/angels/appeared singing praises to God
vi. The shepherds decided to go to Bethlehem /hurried off to Bethlehem
vii. The shepherds saw the baby
viii. They spread the news about the baby to other people
ix. The shepherds returned praising /glorifying god
x. The angel gave a sign on how to identify the baby

Events which took place the night Jesus was born. Kcse 2000

 There was census/Jesus parents went to Bethlehem for the census

 No room was available for Mary and Joseph to retire for the night/went to the cattle shed
 Shepherds were looking after the flocks
 Angels visited the shepherds announce the birth/angels sang/glorified God
 The visitation of the shepherds to the place Jesus was (Bethlehem) /glorified God

The visit of the Angel of the Lord to the shepherds on the night Jesus was born. Kcse
2006/2015/2016

 The shepherds were looking after their flocks in the field at night.
 An angel appeared to them.
 The glory of the Lord shone around them.
 They were filled with fear.
 The Angel told them not to be afraid.
 The angel told them about the good news about the birth of Jesus/savior in the city of
David.
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  The angel told them how to find the baby/gave them a sign on how to identify the baby.
 There appeared a host of angels singing/ praising God.
 The angels left them/ went back to heaven.
 The shepherds decided to go to Bethlehem/ visit the baby.

Occasions when angels appeared during the annunciation of Jesus Christ and John

1. Angel Gabriel appeared to Mary during the annunciation of the birth of Jesus Christ.
2. Angel Gabriel appeared to Zechariah when he was burning incense in the temple to
announce John the Baptist’s birth.
3. Angel of the lord appeared to the shepherds bringing them the news about Jesus Christ.
4. A multitude of angels appeared singing praises to God during Jesus Christ’s birth.

Ways in which Christians in Kenya express their joy for the birth of Jesus. Kcse 2011
1. They sing / listen to Christian songs /carols
2. They attend Christmas worship/service/ mass
3. They partake of the Holy communion/ Eucharist
4. They exchange gifts / cards / messages of goodwill
5. They visit friends/ relatives.
6. They decorate their homes/churches
7. They buy/ wear new clothes
8. They prepare special dishes /drinks
9. They rest from normal duties
10. They hold Christmas concerts/ drama
11. They watch movies /films on the birth of Jesus
12. They read Christmas stories /the bible
13. They help the needy /acts of charity
14. They repent /rededicate themselves to God.

Give reasons why Christians present gifts to newly born babies. Kcse 2014
i. Christian give gifts in order to welcome the baby into the family/ world
ii. It is a sign of their love/contribution to the baby’s welfare
iii. It is a way of thanking God/appreciating his goodness
iv. It is a form of congratulating the mother/parents
v. It is an expression of their joy
vi. It is a way of emulating biblical practices

Virtues Christians acquire when celebrating the birth of Jesus. Kcse 2015
1. Joy/happiness
2. Sharing/generosity/helpfulness/kindness/charity
3. Holiness/righteousness/purity
4. Respect
5. Humility
6. Mercy/compassion
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 7. Cooperation/unity
8. Thankfulness/gratitude
9. Love
10. peace

12. THE DEDICATION OF JESUS (LUKE 2:21-40)

 Jesus was circumcised on the eight day. On this day he was called Jesus, the name given by
the angel before conception.
 Jesus was taken to Jerusalem to present him to God according to the Mosaic law that
required all first born sons to be dedicated to God.
 They were also required by law to offer a sacrifice for purification after child birth (Lev. 12)
i.e. 40 days after son’s birth.
 She was required by law to bring to the priest a lamb (one year old) for a burnt offering and
a pigeon or a turtledove for sin offering. If she could not afford a lamb, she was to bring two
turtledoves or two young pigeons.
 Mary offered a pair of turtledoves and two young pigeons showing that they were poor.
 In Jerusalem there was an upright and righteous man whose name was Simeon.
 It had been revealed to him by the Holy Spirit that he would not see death before he had
seen the Messiah.
 He was inspired by the Holy Spirit to go to the Temple during the dedication of Jesus.
 He took Jesus in his arms and blessed God in a hymn referred to as the Nunc Dimittis-Latin
for ‘now let us depart’.
Simeon:
1. Stressed the universal peace and salvation which Jesus would bring to all people.
2. Thanked God for giving him an opportunity to see the savior.
 Jesus father and mother marveled at what was said about him.
 Simeon blessed them and told Mary the mother that:
1. The child is set for the fall and rising of many in Israel.
2. His rejection and opposition would bring great suffering to her.
 Prophetess Anna who was deeply devoted to worshipping God. She had been married for 7
years and was now 84 years old. She spent her time in the Temple praying and tasting.
 Anna glorified God and acclaimed that Jesus was the one to bring salvation upon Jerusalem.
 Mary and Joseph returned into Galilee, to their own city, Nazareth.
 The child grew and became strong, filled with wisdom and the favour of God.

Activities that took place during the dedication of Jesus in the temple (Luke 2:22-40) kcse
2001/2010
1. Jesus was taken to Jerusalem to be presented to the Lord by his parents.
2. Simeon took Jesus up in arms/blessed the Lord.
3. Simeon said that he was ready to die/ he had seen God’s salvation/a light for revelation
to the gentles/the glory to the Israelites.
4. Simeon blessed the parents of Jesus.

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 5. Simeon told Mary Jesus’ Mother that the child was set for the fall and rising of many in
Israel.
6. Anna gave thanks/prayed/spoke of Jesus to all who were looking for the redemption of
Jerusalem.
7. The parents of Jesus performed everything according to the law of the Lord/offered a
pair of turtle doves/pigeons.
8. Parents of Jesus returned home

With references to incident when Jesus was dedicated to God at the age of forty days outline
what Simeon and Anna revealed about his life. Kcse 2005
i. Jesus would save people.
ii. He would bring glory to Israel.
iii. He would be a light to the gentiles.
iv. He would be a universal savior
v. He would bring judgment to the Israelites.
vi. Many people would oppose his work.
vii. He would reveal secret thoughts of people.
viii. He would be the source of redemption for Jerusalem

Lessons Christians learn from Jesus when he was dedicated. Kcse 2012

i) Christians should be righteous before God in order to experience Him in their lives.
ii) Christians should thank God for blessing them.
iii) They should trust/have faith in God.
iv) Christians should reach out to all people/preach salvation to them.
v) Christians should show compassion to the needy in society.
vi) Christians should be devoted in their worship of God regardless of the challenges they
face.
vii) Christians should dedicate their children to God/fulfil the church obligations.

13. THE BOY JESUS AT THE TEMPLE (LUKE 2:41-52)

 When Jesus was 12 years, he went with his parents to Jerusalem for the feast.
 In the Temple Jesus’ parents found him listening to the teachers of the law and asking
questions.
 All those who heard him were astonished at his intelligence.
 His parents had looked for him for 3 days without success.
 When his parents saw him they were astonished.
 His mother asked him why he had caused them so much anxiety.
 Jesus answered them “…Did you not know that I must be in my father’s house?”
 Jesus went back with his parents to Nazareth and was obedient to them.
 His mother kept all these things in her heart.
 Jesus increased in wisdom and in stature, and in favour with God and man.

Lessons for Christians from the incident when Jesus was left behind by his parents in the temple
(Luke 2:41-52) kcse 2010
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 1. Christians should involve their children in prayer/worship of God.
2. Christians should involve their children in day to day affairs.
3. Parents should be concerned of where their children.
4. Children should be taught the word of God/the Bible.
5. There should be communication among family members/they should inform one
another of their whereabouts.
6. Children should obey their parents.
7. Parents should love their children.
8. Christian should accommodate the view of the youth.
9. Christians learn that Jesus is the son of God/he was in his Father’s house.
10. Christian should exercise tolerance/forgiveness
11. Christians should give God first priority as Jesus did.

Lessons Christians learn about family relationships from the incident when Jesus accompanied his
parents for the Passover Festival. Kcse 2006
 Christians should obey their parents
 Parents should teach their children about God
 Parents should provide opportunities for their children to mix with others
 Parents should love/ be concerned about their children
 Family ties should about be broken/ families should live in unity
 God’s work takes priority over the family
 Parents should recognize their children’s talents/ abilities
 There should be open communication among family members

Reasons why children should be introduced to the worship of God. Kcse 1998

i. To create in them an awareness of God/ creation of the universe/man

ii. To learn the true teachings of their church.
iii. To familiarize themselves with the religious practices of their church/sacramental
life of the church.
iv. To learn to trust/obey God/ give themselves to God.
v. To learn the prayers /songs of worship.
vi. To enable them become members of the church
vii. To imitate the example of Christ.
viii. To give them a sense of belonging to the Christian community.

Jewish traditions fulfilled in Jesus life.

i. He was Circumcised on the 8th day.

ii. He was named Jesus.
iii. His mother was purified after his birth.
iv. He was Dedicated / presented to God in the temple.
v. His parents offered a sacrifice of a pair of turtle doves/two young pigeons.
vi. He obeyed his parents.
vii. He celebrated the Passover festival at age 12.

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Jewish ceremonies that Jesus was involved in. kcse 1999

 Circumcision
 Naming
 Baptism.
 Presentation in the temple/ dedication/purification/redeemed.
 Visit to the temple in Jerusalem during the Passover at the age of twelve.
 Celebrated the Passover with the twelve disciples/ last supper
 He participated in the feast of the Tabernacles (John 7:1 -10)

Qualities shown by Jesus when He accompanied His parents to the Temple at the age of twelve.
Kcse 2008
1) He was obedient.
2) He was courageous.
3) He was knowledgeable/ intelligent/ wise.
4) He was respectful.
5) He was cooperative.
6) He was patient.
7) He was honest.
8) He was assertive/ independent/ making independent decisions.
9) He was social.
10) He was inquisitive.

Lessons Christians learn from the incident when Jesus was left behind by His parents in the Temple
1. Christians should involve their children in prayer/ worship of God.
2. Christians should give clear instructions to their children in their day to day affairs.
3. Parents should be concerned of the whereabouts of their children.
4. Children should be taught the word of God/ the Bible.
5. There should be communication among family members/ they should inform one another of
their whereabouts.
6. Children should obey their parents.
7. Parents should love their children.
8. Christians should accommodate the views of the youth.
9. Christians should exercise tolerance/ forgiveness.

Reasons why Mary took Jesus to the temple in His early life
 To dedicate Him to God.
 For her purification.
 To receive religious instruction.
 To expose Jesus to their religious faith.
 To observe the Passover feastival.
 For His naming.
 For circumcision.

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Ways in which parents develop their children’s spiritual life
i. By having the children baptized/ participate in the sacramental life of the church.
ii. Leading a righteous life for the child to copy/ being good role models.
iii. Taking children to church for dedication/ thanksgiving.
iv. By allowing him/her to interact with others e.g. Sunday school.
v. By praying to God to guide the child.
vi. By exposing the child to church activities.
vii. By condemning the child’s evil activities/correcting them.
viii. By offering counseling services on spiritual matters.
ix. Teaching them to read the Bible.

Give reasons why children should take part in church activities. Kcse 2007
1. They are made in the image of God
2. To follow the example of Christ who went to the Synagogue/Temple
3. To prepare them for future roles as leaders
4. To teach them religious beliefs/practices
5. To lay foundation of Christian morals at an early age
6. Jesus taught that the Kingdom belongs to them/He appreciated/blessed children
7. For the continued growth of the Church
8. To help develop/improve their talents
9. To give them an opportunity to socialize with others
10. To help them spend their leisure positively

Ways in which Christians show respect to places of worship in Kenya today

1. They should maintain the cleanliness in the places of worship.
2. Christians should observe silence in places of worship.
3. Places of worship are treated with reverence; in some cases shoes are removed.
4. Christians dress in decent clothing as they go to places of worship.
5. Order is maintained in places of worship i.e. only authorized people are allowed to talk or
make announcements.
6. Posters, notices, decorations and flowers are always put to remind people that they are in a
sacred place.
7. Constructing special places for worshipping God or dedicating them.

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THE GALILEAN MINISTRY
The preaching of John the Baptist (Luke 3:1-20)
Outline four teachings of John the Baptist. Kcse 2008/2016
 He told the people to repent and be baptised for forgiveness of their sins/he asked people
to prepare the way for the Lord.
 He told them to be faithful/obedient to God and not to pride in Abraham as their ancestor.
 He warned them of God’s punishment on sin.
 He encouraged the rich to share with the needy.
 He told the tax collectors not to steal/be honest.
 He told the soldiers to be contented with their wages/stop greed.
 He told the soldiers to stop robbing/accusing people falsely/should be truthful.
 He told them that the messiah who was to come after him was mightier/He was unworthy
to untie his sandals.
 The Messiah would baptize the people with fire and the Holy Spirit.
 The Messiah would separate the good from the evil/the evil would be punished.
 He condemned Herod for his adulterous life/marrying his brother’s wife.

The teachings of John the Baptist as the forerunner of Jesus Christ (Luke 3:1-20) kcse 2017
1. John the Baptist taught on the need of repentance for forgiveness of sins.
2. He condemned the hypocrisy of the Jews.
3. He told people about the coming judgment which was to be effected by the Messiah.
4. He told people to be charitable/share with others.
5. He condemned the oppression of the poor through robbery/false accusations.
6. He told tax collectors to be honest/soldiers to be contented with their wages.
7. He taught that the Messiah who would come is greater than him.
8. He condemned King Herod for adultery.
9. He told people that the Messiah would baptize with the Holy Spirit.

The relevance of John’s teaching to a Christian’s daily life.

The teaching of John the Baptist is relevant to Christians in their lives in the following ways;
i. Christians should be fair and honest/just in their dealings with other people.
ii. Christians should avoid being hypocritical in their societies.
iii. Christians should know that God will judge us for our wrong doing.
iv. Christians should repent their sins sincerely, seek for forgiveness and be baptized.
v. Christians to make the world a better place to live in by avoiding corruption, immorality and
hypocrisy at all levels in society.

Ways which John the Baptist prepared the way for the Messiah. Kcse 2000/2002

 Was a forerunner of Christ/prepared the way for the coming of the messiah
 Baptized Jesus in river Jordan
 Witnessed that Jesus was the messiah/lamb of God/son of God / the introduced
Jesus to the crowd.
 Introduced Jesus to his disciples.
 Two of his disciples became Jesus disciples
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  Preached repentance and forgiveness of sins/baptized those who repented .
 Warned people of God’s coming judgment
 He acknowledged Jesus’ greatness /ascendancy over him
 Advised people to live Holy lives/do what is right /share with other
 He reprimanded Herod for marrying Herodias his brother’s wife
 Told them not to boast about being descendants of Abraham

Why are Christians finding it difficult to apply the teaching s of John the Baptist in their
lives today? Kcse 2008
 They lack faith in God’s word.
 Divisions along tribal/racial/denominational lines affect unity among Christians.
 Clinging to the past/inability to abandon the old/previous life style.
 Negative attitude by the rich towards the needy/poor.
 The influence of the mass media/moral decadency in society.
 Some Christians lack what to share with others/poverty.
 There is rampant corruption in the society.
 The emergence of cult leaders/false prophets in the society/lack of role models.
 Some Christians lead hypocritical life.
 Peer pressure.

The Teachings of John the Baptist about Jesus Christ. Kcse 1997
(i) Jesus is great/ famous/ greater than John
(ii) Jesus will bring God’s Salvation/ saviour/ save humanity from sin
(iii) He will proclaim judgment
(iv) He will punish sinners and reward he righteous/ believers/ give eternal life to
those who believe in him
(v) Jesus is the Messiah/ Christ/ God’s anointed
(vi) Jesus is the lamb of God who takes away the sins of the world/ Jesus will die for
the sin of humanity/ save humanity from sin
(vii) Jesus will lead the new community of believers ( Bridegroom)
(viii) Jesus was sent by God / He is from God/ God’s messenger/ son of God
(ix) Jesus is loved by God / God has given Jesus everything/ believed of God
(x) Jesus will be filled with the Holy Spirit

The Baptism of Jesus (Luke 3:21-22)

Describe the baptism of Jesus in river Jordan by John the Baptist in Luke 3:21 -22.
Kcse 2008/2012/2016
 All the people had been baptised by John.
 Jesus was also baptized.
 Jesus then started praying.
 The heaven opened.
 The Holy Spirit descended upon Jesus in a bodily form as a dove.
 Then a voice came from heaven.
 Then it said, ‘thou art my beloved son with thee am well pleased.

The significance of the voice from heaven

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i. The voice from heaven was a confirmation to Jesus that he was God’s son and that God was
with him and approved his mission.
ii. The voice affirmed that he was the promised Messiah and that people should follow him.
iii. The Holy Spirit descended from heaven and anointed Jesus for the Messianic work he was to
do.
iv. The Holy Spirit would give him courage and guidance in what he was to do.

What do Christians learn about Jesus from the incident when he was baptized.kcse 2014

1. Jesus is prayerful
2. Jesus is obedient/loyal to God
3. Jesus has a human nature
4. Jesus is humble
5. Jesus is the son of God/divine
6. He is loved by God/pleases God
7. Jesus was filled with the Holy Spirit

The importance of baptism of Jesus to Christians today. Kcse 2001

i. Christians are baptized to identify with Jesus

ii. It unites Christians as members of one body
iii. It unites Christians as members of one body
iv. It is a sign of death and resurrection of Jesus
v. Signifies a new life/change of status
vi. Use of water is symbolic as a leaser.
vii. Signifies the complete forgiveness of sins
viii. It makes them children of God
ix. It marks the beginning of personal commitment to God
x. Prepare Christians for the heavenly Kingdom
xi. It gives one a sense of belonging to a Christian community
xii. It confirmed that Jesus was the son of God/Messiah/Divinity of Jesus

Give reasons why Jesus was baptized. Kcse 2005

 To identify himself with sinners

 To be identified by John
 To be introduced to the crowd as the messiah
 To fulfill all righteousness
 It symbolized his death and resurrection
 To show that he was ready to start his work
 To acknowledge the work of John the Baptist as his forerunner

Reasons why Christians are baptized today. Kcse 2002/2012

1. Baptism enables them to become children of God.

2. It enables one to become a member of a Christian community/Christian denomination.
3. It enables them to receive the power of the Holy Spirit.

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 4. It enables them to identify themselves with Christ/ all that he stands for.
5. It symbolizes that one has died and resurrected with Christ, leaving the old sinful nature/
acquisition of a new life in Jesus
6. Through baptism, one receives complete forgiveness of sins.
7. It prepares Christians for the kingdom of God.
8. It unites Christians as members of the body of Christ which is the Church.
9. It symbolizes obedience to Jesus’ teaching.
10. It acts as an outward sign of their inner faith as it is done publicly.
11. It is a sign of a new covenant with God.

Relevance of Baptism to Christians today

i. Though baptism one becomes a member of the church of Christ/body of Christ.
ii. Through baptism, one receives the Holy Spirit who acts as a counselor and guides the new
convert into spiritual life.
iii. Baptism marks the death of the old self and the beginning of new life in Christ (death and
resurrection of Jesus).
iv. Jesus was baptized and Christians should emulate him and identify with him.
v. One becomes a child of God.
vi. A Christian achieves complete forgiveness of sins because water is symbolic of
cleansing/purifying.
vii. Prepares Christians for the second coming of Jesus Christ.
viii. Baptism is an example of the modern religious covenant between the Christian and God.
ix. Baptism is a symbol of forgiveness.

Describe the temptations of Jesus in the wilderness before he began his public ministry (Luke 4:1-
13). Kcse 2007/2014

1. Jesus was led into the wilderness he stayed for forty days
2. He ate nothing and therefore he felt hungry
3. The devil asked him to command a stone to become bread if he was the son of God.
4. Jesus told him that man could not live by bread alone
5. The devil took Jesus up and showed him the kingdoms of the world and asked him to
worship him, so that he could give him everything.
6. Jesus told the devil that only God along is to be worship
7. The devil took Jesus to the pinnacle of the temple and asked him to throw himself
down for God would command angels to guard him.
8. Jesus told the devil that one should not tempt God

What lessons do Christians learn from the temptations of Jesus? Kcse 2007/2014

 They should be knowledgeable in scriptures/biblical verses

 They should resist the devil
 Temptations are part and parcel of Christian life
 They should have faith in God
 They should worship God alone
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 They should not put God to test
 They should desire to have the Holy Spirit
 They should not misuse the power of the Holy Spirit
 They should be content with what they have
 Fasting is important in their lives
 They should stand firm/ not give into temptations/be ready to overcome
 Overcoming temptation strengthens one’s faith in God
 Christians should not use their God given power for their own material gain

Occasions when Jesus was tempted. Kcse 2003

(i) In the wilderness just before he began his ministry
(ii) In the garden of Gethsemane
(iii) During the transfiguration when Peter wanted to build a tent so that they
would stay on the mountain
(iv) When Peter objected to his suffering and death
(v) At his crucifixion when he was asked to save himself
(vi) When he was asked to prove that he was the Messiah / son of God in his home
town
(vii) When they wanted to make him king after feeding the five thousand
(viii) When the sons of Zebedee asked him to destroy the inhospitable Samaritan

Identify problems faced by new converts in the church today. Kcse 2007

1. They are sometimes not fully accepted/integrated/discriminated against

2. The older Christians may not serve as role models
3. They ma not be involved in activities/not given responsibilities
4. They are tempted to backslide to previous lifestyle
5. Older Christians expect them to change faster than they can
6. Some experience problems of communication/language barrier
7. They may lack Christian literature to strengthen their faith
8. In large churches, they get lost in the crowd/not identified/not recognized
9. The financial demands of the church may be too much for them
10. Lack of assistance/concern when a new member is in need.
11. Some get frustrated when their expectations are not met
12. They are given /assigned duties which they can’t manage
13. They maybe rebuked/embarrassed in public when suspected to be in wrong

Jesus begins work in Galilee and is rejected at Nazareth (Luke 4:14-30)

A description of when Jesus was rejected at Nazareth (Luke 4: 16-30) kcse 2009

 Jesus came to Nazareth where he was brought up.

 He went to the synagogue as he usually did on the Sabbath day
 He was given book of prophet Isaiah when he stood up to read.
 He opened the book, found the place that was written about him and read it to the people.
 After reading he closed the book and gave it to the attendant and sat down
 Everybody in the synagogue looked at him
 He told them that the scripture he has read was fulfilled in their hearing
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  All people were happy with what he had spoken
 People wondered a loud saying “is this not Joseph’s son
 Jesus told them that they would ask him to do in his own country things he had done in
Capernaum/he told them that a prophet is not accepted in his own country things .
 He told them that there were many widows in Israel during the time of Elijah but God sent
the prophet to a widow in Zarephath/God only healed Naaman the Syrian of leprosy during
the time of Prophet Elisha.
 They were filled with anger/wanted to throw him head long the cliff
 Jesus passed through their midst and went away.

Reasons why Jesus was rejected in Nazaret. Kcse 1999

i. He claimed that the prophesy of the Messiah by Isaiah was fulfilled in Him, the anointed one
of God whom they had been longing for but the people of Nazareth expected a political
Messiah.
ii. Jesus did not perform the kind of miracles He had performed in Capernaum in Nazareth
iii. The people expected Jesus to favour them over the other villages.
iv. He annoyed his listeners when He told them that their fore fathers had rejected God’s
prophets by persecuting and killing them during Elijah’s time.
v. The people of Nazareth rejected Jesus for telling them that the Good News was first offered
to Jews but they had rejected it so it would be made available to the Gentiles.
vi. They knew His background well/ that He was Joseph’s son and from an ordinary family
though they had expected the Messiah to be a royalty.
vii. Jesus compared the Jews unfavorably with the Gentiles when He said that Elijah and Elisha
performed miracles among the Gentiles.
viii. He told the people that prophets are ignored in their own country.

Jesus Heals in Capernaum (Luke 4:31-44)

(a) Jesus healed a man with an evil spirit
 Jesus went to Capernaum, a city of Galilee. As he was teaching on a Sabbath, people were
astonished at his teaching which was with authority.
 In the synagogue, there was a man who had an unclean demon.
 He cried out with a loud voice, “Ah! What have you to do with us Jesus of Nazareth?
 Have you come to destroy us? I know who you are, the Holy one of God”.
 But Jesus rebuked the demon to come out and be silent.
 The demon threw the man down and came out of him. The people were amazed.
 They wondered what kind of authority Jesus had that even demons obeyed his words.
 Reports of him went out into every place in the surrounding region.

(b) Jesus healed Simon’s mother-in-law

 After Jesus left the synagogue, He went to Simon’s house.
 Simon’s mother-in-law was suffering from a fever and Jesus was asked to heal her.

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  Jesus commanded the fever to leave her and she was healed immediately she arose and
served them.
 In the evening of the same day, Jesus carried out another heeling.
 People suffering from various diseases and demon possession were brought to him.
 He healed and exorcised demons from these who were possessed.
 They were impressed by Jesus’ authority and power and wanted to keep Him in their own
area.
 He told them He must preach the good news of the kingdom of God to the other cities also.
 He continued preaching in the synagogue throughout Judea.

Lessons learnt from Jesus’ healing in Capernaum

1. Jesus is the son of God. He is the Messiah.
2. Jesus came to establish the kingdom of God and destroy the kingdom of Satan.
3. Jesus has power over evil spirits or demons.
4. Faith and prayer are necessary for healing.
5. Jesus came to save human beings from the slavery of sin.

Jesus calls the first discipline (Luke 5:1-11). Kcse 2013

1 Jesus was standing by the lake of Gennesaret;
2. He Saw two boats without the fishermen;
3. He entered Simon's boat/asked him to push it into the water;
4. He sat down/taught people from the boat;
5. He asked Simon to push the boat into the deep water/cast the nets for a catch;
6. Simon told Jesus that they had been fishing the whole night without success;
7. He obeyed Jesus' command/let the nets down;
8. They caught a lot of fish/asked their partners in the other boat to assist them remove
the nets;
9. They filled both boats with fish/the boats began to sink;
10. Simon Peter and his companions were astonished at the miraculous catch of fish/Peter asked
Jesus to depart from him because he was sinful man.
11. Jesus told Peter not to be afraid because he was to catch men from then;
12. They brought their boats to land/left everything and followed Jesus.

Lessons that Christians learn from the call of the first disciples of Jesus. Kcse 2002/2013
1. Christians learn that God chooses anyone regardless of their, status in the Society.
2. He gives them duties/responsibilities to serve him in various capacities;
3. They should be obedient to Jesus' instructions/commands
4. Christians should be humble/accept their weakness/repent their sins;
5. They learn that God can intervene in their lives;
6. Christians should work together as a team;
7. God reveals himself in everyday activities
8. Christians should be ready to abandon forsake their past lives for the sake of Christ;
9. They should respond to Jesus' call instantly/immediately.
10. One must have faith/ trust in Jesus

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11. God can call Christians from their everyday lives/ Occupations

Reasons why Jesus chose the twelve disciples. Kcse 2013

1. In order to teach them the secrets of the Kingdom of God;

2. To have companions/person assistants;
3. To form an inner grap which should assist him during his public ministry/spreading gospel;
4. To be witness to his saving acts in the world- His mission;
5. To reveal his person/give a new understanding of his messiah ship;
6. It symbolized the reconstruction of the twelve tribes of Israel;
7. To train/prepare them for the mission after his death;
8. To lay a foundation for the establishment of the church;
9. To continue with the biblical theme of election in which God choose anyone to serve him.

Jesus faces opposition (Luke 5:12-6:11)

(a) Cure of the Leper (Luke 5: 12-14)
 When Jesus was in one of the cities, a man full of leprosy came and fell before Jesus.
 He besought him, “Lord, if you will, you can make me clean”.
 Jesus stretched out his hand and touched him saying, “ I will, be clean”.
 Immediately the leprosy left him.
 Jesus charged him not to tell anyone but to go and present himself to the priest for a
cleansing and make an offering for cleansing for a proof to the people according to the
Mosaic law.
 The report concerning him went far and great multitudes gathered to hear and to be healed
of their illnesses.

(b) The cure of the paralytic (Luke 5:18-26)

 One day, Jesus was teaching and there were Pharisees and teachers of the law, who had
come from every village of Galilee, Judea and Jerusalem. The power of God was with him to
heal.
 Some people brought a paralyzed man on a stretcher. They sought to bring him in and lay
him before Jesus.
 Since the crowd was large, they were not able to bring the man before Jesus; they went up
on the roof and let him down with his bed into the midst before Jesus.
 When Jesus saw their faith, he said, “man your sins are forgiven you”.
 The scribes and the Pharisees began to question saying, “Who is this who speaks
blasphemies? Who can forgive sins but God only?”
 When Jesus perceived their questions he asked them, which was easier to say, ‘your sins are
forgiven you’, or to say, ‘Rise and work’?
 In order for the Pharisees and the scribes to know that the son of God had authority on
earth he told the man to rise, take his bed and go home.
 Immediately he rose before them, and took up his bed and went home, glorifying God.

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  All those present were amazed and filled with awe and they glorified God. They said “we
have seen strange things today”.

The teaching about Jesus from the cure of paralytic. Kcse 1998

(i) Jesus was a teacher

(ii) He had power of the Lord to heal
(iii) People had faith in him
(iv) He was able to forgives sins
(v) He was accused of blasphemy by the Jewish religious leaders.
(vi) He had authority over sins and sickness.
(vii) Jesus was sought by crowds who wanted to be healed.
(ix) He had ability to read/ know people’s thoughts
(x) He healed by word of mouth
(xi) He was praised by people for his mighty deeds.

(c)
The call of Levi (Luk 5:27-32)
 Jesus was passing by when he saw a tax-collector, named Levi, sitting at the tax office.
 He said to him, “Follow me”. He left everything and rose and followed him.
 Levi later made Jesus a great feast in his house and invited many tax collectors and sinners.
 The Pharisees and scribes murmured against Jesus disciples, saying, “why do you eat and
drink with tax collectors and sinners”.
 Jesus answered them that those who are well have no need of a physician, but those who
are sick.
 He also said he had not come to call the righteous, but sinners to repentance.

(d) The question about fasting (Luke 5:33-35)

 The Pharisees and scribes said to Jesus, “The disciples of John fast often and offer prayers
and so do the disciples of the Pharisees, but yours eat and drink”.
 In reply, Jesus told them that it is not possible to make the wedding guests fast while the
bridegroom was still with them.
 The day would come, when the bridegroom would be taken away from them. It is only then
that they would fast.

(e) The parables of the garment and the wineskins (Luke 5:36-39)
 Jesus told the parable of the garment and the wineskins to illustrate the new characteristics
of society.
 In the parable he says:
“No one tears a piece from a new garment and puts it upon an old garment, if he does, he
will tear the new, and the piece from the new will not match the old. And no one puts new
wine into old wineskins; if he does, the new wine will burst the skins and it will be spilled,
and these skins will be destroyed. But new wine must be put into fresh wineskins. And no
one after drinking old wine desires new: for he says, “the old is good”.
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 The new garment and new wineskins refer to Jesus new teaching about the kingdom of God,
while the old garment and old wineskins represent Judaism, the Old Testament.
The renewal brought by society cannot be confined to outward observation of Mosaic Law
as it is an inner renewal of the heart.
Society is: greater than Judaism. New ideas brought about by society are no long compatible
with the Mosaic Law.

(f) The question about the Sabbath (Luke 6:1-5)

 On the Sabbath, while Jesus was going through the grain fields, his disciples plucked and ate
some heads of grain rubbing them in their hands.
 Some Pharisees questioned why they were doing what was unlawful on the Sabbath.
 In reply Jesus asked them if they had not read what king David did when he was hungry, He
and those who were with him entered the house of God, took and ate the bread of the
presence (Consecrated bread) which was meant for the priests only.
 Jesus told the Pharisees that he, the son of man is Lord of the Sabbath.

(g) Man with a withered hand (Luke 6:6-11)

 On another Sabbath, Jesus was teaching in a synagogue and there was a man whose right
was withered.
 The scribes and Pharisees watched him to see whether he would heal on the Sabbath, so
that they might find an accusation against him.
 Jesus knew their thoughts and called the man to stand up and come out. The man rose and
stood there.
 Jesus asked them if it was lawful on the Sabbath to do good or to do harm to save life or to
destroy it.
 He looked around on them all and told the man to stretch out his hand. Instantly the hand
was restored.
 The scribes and Pharisees were filled with fury and discussed what they might do to Jesus.

Reasons why Jesus faced opposition from the Pharisees in Galilee Luke 5: 12, 6: 11. Kcse 2009

i.Jesus touched a man with leprosy which was against the Jewish law
ii.He forgave sins which the Pharisees knew only god could do/healed the paralyzed man.
iii.He mixed/ate with the tax collectors who were known to be sinners
iv.Jesus made it clear to them that he had not come to call the righteous but sinners to repentance.
v.His disciples did not fast, like those of the John the Baptist which annoyed the Pharisees
vi.He challenged them to move from the old traditional orders to the new ones which he had
brought
vii.The disciples of Jesus plucked and ate grains on the Sabbath day which was unlawful/he healed a
man with a withered hand on a Sabbath
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Lessons Christians learn from the incident when Jesus faced opposition from the Pharisees in
Galilee
i. Christians should not condemn those who are different from them.
ii. Christians should show love to all without discrimination.
iii. Church leaders should make rules that promote the development/growth of the church.
iv. Christians should be ready to assist the needy regardless of the opposition they may face
in the process.

Ways in which church leaders can respond to those who oppose the in their work. Kcse 2009/2017

i. Find out the causes/reasons for the opposition

ii. The church leader should pray for/with them
iii. Explain to them the Gospel truth in a humble manner/guide and counsel them
iv. Forgive them/Seek reconciliation through third party/another person
v. Involve them in decision making/church activities
vi. Recognize their efforts/involve them in supporting the church maters/listen to their ideas.
vii. Visit them in their homes/fellowship with them /preaching
viii. Assist them when in problem. (financial/materially)
ix. Send them message of encouragement
x. Change your approach to issue/reform where necessary.

Choosing of the twelve disciples and Jesus’ teaching on true discipleship (Luke 6:12-16, 27-49)
 One day Jesus went out to the Mountain to pray all night.
 When it was day break, he called his disciples and chose from them 12, when he named
apostles. They are:
1. Simon whom Jesus called Peter (meaning ‘the rock’)
2. Andrew, Simon’s brother.
3. James the Son of Zebedee.
4. John the brother of James.
5. Philip
6. Bartholomew
7. Mathew
8. Thomas
9. James the Son of Alpheus
10. Simon called the Zealot
11. Judas the Son of James.
12. Judas Iscariot.

Reasons why Jesus chose the twelve disciples

i. To form an inner group of personal assistants and followers.
ii. They were to be his companions during his public ministry.

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iii. They were to witness the Good News of his saving acts to the whole world.
iv. They were to help him with his work of salvation and teach his word.
v. Jesus wanted to reveal his person and give them a new understanding of his Messiahship.
vi. He was to train them to carry on his mission after his death.
vii. The choosing of the 12 symbolized the reconstruction of the 12 tribes of Israel.
viii. He chose the 12 disciples who came from all walks of life to represent the New Israel/the
church whose outlook would be universal.
ix. The choice of the twelve disciples was a continuation of God’s theme of election; aimed at
restoring the broken relationship with humankind.

Lessons learnt from the choosing of the twelve disciples

i. Christians must be willing to carry on with Jesus Christ’s work of spreading the Good News.
ii. Christians should always remember to consult with God in their undertakings.
iii. All Christians should witness for Christ.
iv. Christians should undertake training in various aspects of Christian ministry in order to carry
out Jesus’ work effectively.

Ways in which the Church is preparing the youth for leadership roles in the society
1. Providing them with education.
2. Appointing them as teachers of Sunday school.
3. Organizing seminars for the youth on leadership roles/ worship.
4. Assisting them to be self employed.
5. Encouraging them to use their talents in church.
6. Providing them with guidance and counseling services.
7. Being role models to them.
8. Giving financial/ material support for their projects.
9. Assigning them duties to be carried out under supervision.
10. Accommodating the views of the youth.

JESUS TEACHING ON THE QUALITIES OF TRUE DISCIPLESHIP (Luke 6:20-49) kcse 2018

1. Perseverance in the face of persecution. A true disciple should endure suffering.

2. Unwavering faith in Jesus: A true disciple should have absolute faith in God.
3. Love for enemies. Luke 6:27-28, 35. A true disciple should love even their enemies/pray for
them.
4. Obedience / Implementers of Jesus Christ’s teaching: A true disciple should accept the
Lordship of Christ/implement His teaching.
5. Generosity/kindness:. Luke 6:30. . A true disciple should share with others/be generous.
6. Forgiving others: A true disciple should forgive others/not revenge.
7. Not to judge others Luke 6:41 – 42: A true disciple should exercise self criticism before
judging others.
8. The disciples were to show compassion to others/mercy. Luke 6:36. A true disciple should be
merciful just like God.

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The sermon on the Plain (Luke 6:17-49)
 It contains blessed sayings of Jesus (beatitudes). There are also four woes.
 Jesus came down with his disciples and stood on a level place, with a great crowd of his
disciples and a great multitude from all Judea and Jerusalem and the seacoast of Tyre and
Sidon.
 People came to be healed by Jesus.
 True disciples, according to Jesus, should have the following qualities:
a) Perseverance in the face of persecution
b) Unwavering faith in Jesus
c) Love for enemies
d) Obedience to Jesus’ teaching
e) Implementers of Jesus’ teachings-bear good fruit.
f) They were to be generous-those who have are expected to share with those who do not
have.
g) They were to exercise self criticism by judging other-removing and speak from another’s
eye when one had a log in his/her own.
h) They were to show compassion to others- They were expected to be merciful like God.
The sermon has five main parts:
i. Blessings and woes (6:20-26)
 Blessed are you poor, for yours is the kingdom of God.
 Blessed are you who hunger now, for you shall be filled.
 Blessed are you who weep now, for you shall laugh.
 Blessed are you when men hate you, drive you out, abuse you, denounce your name as evil,
on account of the son of Man, Rejoice in that day and leap for joy, for your reward will be
great in heave.
 Wee to you who are rich, for you have received your consolation.
 Wee to you that are full now, for you shall hunger.
 Woe to you that laugh now, for you shall mourn and weep.
 Woe to you, when all men speak well of you, for so their fathers did to the false prophets.
ii. Love of enemies (6:27-37)
 Followers of Jesus are expected to love their enemies, do good to those who hate them,
bless those who curse them and pray for those who abuse them.

iii. Judging others (6:37-43)

 Disciples are expected to acknowledge their own shortcomings before condemning others.

iv. Hearing and doing (6:47-49)

 Jesus expected total commitment from his followers.

v. Evidence of good discipleship (6:44-46)

 The proof of a person’s goodness is seen in his/her deeds.
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Relevance of the sermon on the plain
1. The goal of a person should be to inherit the kingdom of God.
2. Christian should love their enemies.
3. Christians should examine themselves before passing judgements to others.
4. Being steadfast in faith can protect one from succumbing to temptations.
5. Our words and actions indicate the kind of people we are.
6. A Christian should promote peace.
7. Christians should be generous.

Jesus’ teachings on how human beings should relate to one another from the Sermon on the plain
(Lk 6:27-38). Kcse 2010/2011
1. Human beings should love enemies.
2. They should do good to those who hate them.
3. They should bless those who curse them
4. They should pray for those who mistreat them
5. They should help those in need
6. They should lend without expecting anything in return.
7. They should show mercy to others
8. They should not judge/condemn others
9. Human being should forgive one another/not revenge.
10. They should be generous
11. They should do unto others what they expect done to them

Ways Christians demonstrate obedience to Jesus’ command to love one’s neighbor. Kcse 1999

 Praying of one another

 Being role models/living exemplary life/witness good virtues.
 Fellowships with one another by forgiving one another.
 Helping one another in various duties
 Sharing items with one another
 Consoling the needy/guiding and counseling those in problems
 Avoid hurting others either physically or emotionally

Teachings of Jesus on the Sermon on the Plain on how human beings should relate to one another
1. Human beings should love one another/ their enemies.
2. They should practice sharing/help others/ be generous.
3. They should be merciful to each other/ kind/ compassionate.
4. They should not judge/ condemn others.
5. They should forgive one another/ not revenge.
6. Pray for those who wrong them.
7. They should not discriminate against each other.
8. They should be good to those who hate them.

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Identify ways in which the disciples of Jesus demonstrated their love for him. Kcse 1997
 They left their jobs/occupations/families and followed Jesus.
 Listened to /accepted his teachings/obeyed him.
 Invited him to their homes (Mary and Martha/Peter/Levi)
 They joined him in prayer
 Anointed him as a mark of great honour (Mary Magdalene/the sinful woman.
 Gave him physical protection (e.g. Peter).
 Served Jesus.
 Accompanied/followed him from place/kept him company.
 Helped him to spread/teach/proclaim/preach the good news (e.g Mission of the 12/72/70)
 Showed concern/love for his well-being /cared for him.
 Advised him/sought advice from him.
 Glorified /praised him
 Put their faith/trust in him were steadfast.
 Addressed him as Rabbi/ master/Teacher/ respected him
 Paid tax for him
 Peter was prepared to die with Jesus/followed him to the home of the High Priest during the
trial.
 Peter cried when he remembered he had denied Jesus.
 Were present at the cross of Jesus/weeping.
 Removed his body from the cross/wrapped it/ buried it/were sad when he died.
 Took care of his mother.
 were happy/ excited when Jesus resurrected.
 Accompanied him to the mount of ascension.
 Waited on his promise of the Holy spirit in Jerusalem.
 Spread the Good News of Jesus Christ after his ascension.

Ways in which the disciples of Jesus demonstrated their faith in Jesus. Kcse 1999

i. They accepted Jesus as their teacher/Rabbi/ Messiah/son of God /Christ

ii. They accompanied Jesus /Went with Him from place of place/Left every thing and
followed Him
iii. They accepted (The mission of the twelve/ seventy two/miracles of the disciples.
iv. They accepted miracles of Jesus.
v. They accepted miracles of Jesus.
vi. Peter walked on water
vii. Invited Jesus to their home (peter/Levi)
viii. Two of his disciples accepted/believe in Jesuss teachings
ix. Two of his disciples brought a donkey for His triumphant entry into Jerusalem
x. Peter confessed that Jesus/Peter struck off the ear of one of soldiers/Peter struck
off the ear of one of soldiers/Peter was ready to die.
xi. The disciples were ready to defend Jesus/ Peter struck off the ear of one of
soldiers/Peter was ready to die.
xii. The disciples accepted/believe in Jesus teachings
xiii. John took care of Jesus’ mother after His death
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 xiv. They were happy/believed when He resurrected
xv. They waited in Jerusalem for the Holy Spirit as promised by Jesus..

JESUS’ WORKS OF COMPASSION

a) The healing of the centurion’s servant (Luke 7:1-10)
 The centurion was a Roman officer who had very sick servant at the point of death.
 When he heard about Jesus, he sent to him elders of the Jews, asking him to come and heal
his slave.
 When they came to Jesus, they pleaded with him saying, “He is worthy to have you do this
for him, for he loves our nation, and he built us our synagogue”.
 Jesus went with them towards the centurion’s house.
 Before they reached the house, the centurion sent his friends again to Jesus saying he was
not worthy to receive Jesus in his house but he believed in Jesus’ power to heal just by
command.
 When Jesus heard the centurion’s words, he marveled at him, and turned and said to the
multitude that followed him, “I tell you, not even in Israel have found such faith”.
 When those who had been sent returned to the house, they found the slave well.

Lessons learnt from this miracle

1. The kingdom of God is universal
2. Christians should not rely on their own strength but on the power of God.
3. Christian employers should be concerned about the welfare of the employees.
4. Senior people in the society should realize that God’s power is superior to all.
5. Christians should not discriminate against others.
6. Christians should not be afraid to ask God for help despite their weaknesses.
7. Christians should show compassion to the need in the society.
8. Leaders should realize that their leadership positions are for service to the community.

Qualities of the Centurion . kcse 2004

1. Generosity.
2. Compassion/ love.
3. Caring.
4. Humility.
5. Faithfulness.
6. Courageousness.
7. Respect.
8. Obedience.
9. Confidence.
10. Responsibility.

b) The raising of the son of the widow of Nain (Luke 7:11-17). Kcse 2006
 Jesus went to the city of Nain accompanied by his disciples/ crowd
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  At the age of the city, he met people carrying a dead man
 The dead man was the only son of the widow
 The mother/ widow was accompanied by a large crowd
 Jesus felt pity for the widow/ told her not to weep
 Jesus touched the bier ( coffin) in which the body lay
 Jesus told the dead man to arise
 The dead man sat up/ began to speak
 Jesus gave the man to his mother
 The people were filled with fear
 The people glorified the lord
 Jesus fame spread in Judea/ in the surrounding region

Lesson learnt
1. Jesus has power over death
2. Jesus had compassion on the needy. Christians should do likewise.
3. Christians should visit orphans and widows in their affliction.
4. Jesus is the Messiah. The crowd recognized him as a great prophet.

Sinificance of the healing miracles of Jesus

1. The miracles were a sign of the presence of the Kingdom of God in the person of Jesus.
2. They demonstrated God’s love for human beings.
3. They took away human pain/suffering.
4. People believed in His healing power/ had faith in Him.
5. The miracles showed that physical healing symbolized spiritual healing.
6. They showed that the work of mercy must go on even on the Sabbath.
7. They demonstrated defeat and destructionof the work of Satan.
8. Jesus used the miracles to glorify God/ to show God’s power.
9. He used them to show He was the son of God/ Messiah.
10. They demonstrated the divinity of Jesus/ His divine nature.
11. They fulfilled the Old Testament prophecies.
12. They supplemented/ strengthened His teachings.
13. They showed He had power over nature.
14. They restored people to wholeness.

Lessons Christians learn about Jesus from miracles of healing. Kcse 2003
1. Jesus has concern for the sick
2. Jesus has power to heal/ power over evil spirits
3. Jesus required faith for one to be healed
4. Jesus heals all people, he doesn’t discriminate
5. Jesus accepts other people’s intervention/ intercessors
6. Jesus forgives sins
7. Jesus heals both the spiritual and physical
8. Jesus expects those healed to be grateful
9. Jesus is son of God/ Messiah
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State reasons why Jesus healed the sick. Kcse 2005

 To demonstrate God’s love for human beings

 To take away their pain/ suffering
 People believed in his healing power/ people had faith in him
 To show that physical healing sometimes symbolized spiritual healing
 As a way of destroying the work of Satan
 To glorify God/ show God’s power
 To fulfill old testament prophesies

What the miracles of Jesus teach Christians about His mission and ministry
1. They show Jesus’ compassion to those who are suffering.
2. Miracles show Jesus as the Lord of life. He brings back to life those who have died/ He is the
life and resurrection.
3. They show Jesus as the son of God and the promised Messiah of the O.T.
4. They affirm that Jesus came to save the world from sin/ Jesus is a universal saviour-saved
both Jews and Gentiles.
5. Miracles are a manifestation of God’s love and concern for His people through Jesus Christ.
6. Miracles are an integral part of Jesus’ teaching/ they supplement His teachings and
preaching of the Word.
7. Miracles were performed as a response to the affirmation of faith on the part of those who
are in need/ many who witnessed these miracles believed in Jesus.
8. Through miracles of healing, Jesus has showed His concern for the total well-being of
humankind.

How the church continues with the healing ministry of Jesus Christ. Kcse 2006

1. Christians pray for/ preach to the sick

2. Laying hands on the sick/ anointing them/ any other miraculous healing
3. Providing guidance and counseling services
4. Constructing hospitals/ health centers/ rehabilitation centers
5. Providing preventive/ curative drugs/ treating the sick
6. Paying medical expenses for the sick
7. Producing/ disseminating literature/ electronic media on health issues
8. Preaching against evil/ causes of ailments that interfere with good health
9. Providing food/ clothing/ shelter/ finances to the sick/ needy
10. Visiting the sick
11. Training medical personnel
12. Educating through seminars/ workshops

Ways in which Christians show gratitude to God.kcse 1997

1. Through prayers / thanks giving/ praise / adoration/worship.

2. Through offertory / tithes.
3. Caring for the sick / old / disabled.
4. Through song / dance / music.
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 5. Dedicating themselves to the service of God/ church.
6. Preaching / teaching / witnessing to the Gospel / evangelizing.
7. Working for the well – being / development of their community.
8. Caring for the environment.
9. Taking care of themselves.
10. Obeying God’s laws / doing
11. Taking caring of themselves.
12. Obeying God’s laws /doing God’s will dedicate to God’s service.
13. Acting as peace-makers/reconcilers.
14. Celebration of the sacraments.
15. Celebration of Christian Holidays/Sabbath /Feasts (e.g. Easter/ Christmas/Pentecost.
16. Observing the traditions of the church/ following the doctrines of the church.
17. Through writing/composing Christian literature/ songs
18. Through writings/ composing Christian literature/ songs.
19. Offering their time/talents for the wok of the church/ building worshipping places.

c) Assurance to John the Baptist (Luke 7:18-35)

 John sent two of his disciples to Jesus to ask him, “Are you who is to come, or shall we look
for another?”
 In that hour Jesus cured many of diseases and plagues and exorcised demons.
 Jesus answered them to go and tell John what they had seen and heard, “the blind receive
their sight, the lame walk, lepers are cleansed and the deaf hear, the dead are raised up, the
poor have good news preached to them. And blessed is he who takes on offence at me”.
 When John’s disciples left, Jesus began talking to the crowd concerning John.
 He acknowledged that John was the greatest of all the prophets.
 He went on to portray John as His forerunner.
 Jesus said that, he who is least in the kingdom is greater than John.
 The tax collectors were justified by God by being baptized by John the Baptist. They
acknowledged God’s plan by accepting baptism from John.
 The Pharisees and the lawyers rejected the purpose of God for themselves, not having been
baptized by John.
 He scribes and the Pharisees had disregarded John and termed him mad. This is because he
came eating no bread, and drinking no wine.
 They had also rejected Jesus as the Messiah and his call to salvation. They accused him of
being a glutton and a drunkard, a friend of tax collectors and sinners.

Teaching of Jesus about John the Baptist. Lk: 7:24-35. Kcse 2001/2017

i. He is the greatest of the prophets

ii. He was prophesied about in the scriptures.
iii. He was to prepare the way for Christ /messenger/foreman/precursor.
iv. He led a simple life.
v. He did not take wine/He was a Nazarite.
vi. He fasted/ ate no bread.

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 vii. He dwelt in the wilderness.
viii. Jesus said that people referred to John, as demon possessed
ix. The least in the Kingdom of God is greater than John.

Lessons Christians learn from the incident

i. Christians should have sincere trust in Jesus.
ii. Christians should spread the Gospel even if people are opposed to them.
iii. Christians should read the signs of the kingdom for themselves and make judgment.
iv. Christians should struggle to get the Kingdom which is valuable than anything else.
v. Christians should explain the truth about Jesus to those who are weak in faith.
vi. Should acknowledge the works of God’s servants.

(d) Describe the incident in which Jesus forgave the sinful woman in Luke 7:36 - 50. Kcse
2011/2018
 Jesus had been invited by a Pharisee/Simon for dinner.
 While he was at the table a sinful woman came with an alabaster flask of ointment.
 She stood at Jesus' feet weeping and wet his feet with her tears.
 She used her hair to wipe the feet of Jesus,
 She kissed the feet of Jesus
 She then anointed the feet of Jesus with the ointment.
 The Pharisee who had invited Jesus questioned in his heart whether Jesus was a prophet
 Jesus knew the thoughts of Simon and told him the parable of the creditor and the two
debtors .
 Jesus asked Simon who of the two debtors would love the creditor more
 Simon said the debtor with more debt would love the creditor more
 He told simon that the woman had shown much love because her many sins had been
forgiven .
 Jesus then told the woman that her sins had been forgiven
 The other guests began to question who Jesus was to have the power to forgive sins
 He told her to go in peace for her faith had saved her/her sins had been forgiven.

Lessons Christians learn from the incident in which Jesus forgave the sinful woman. Kcse 2018
1. Christians should confess/repent their sins.
2. Christians should have faith in God.
3. The kingdom of God is open to all/universal.
4. Christians should be merciful/show compassion to those who are lost in sin
5. Christians should not judge others.
6. Christians should be grateful/thankful for the free gift of salvation/forgiveness of sins.
7. Christians should be humble.

Reasons why Christians should practice forgiveness. Kcse 2002

(i) It shows love for others

(ii) It creates/ promotes peace
(iii) It is a way of winning converts

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(iv) it shows obedience to Christians teachings/ commands
(v) In order to follow the example of Christ
(vi) in order to be forgiven by God
(vii) It strengthens relationship/ tolerance
(viii) It lengthens life/ promotes healthy living

Reasons why Christians should ask for forgiveness from God. Kcse 2011

(i) To be at peace with God

(ii) To show obedience to the teachings of Jesus
(iii To improve their relationship with others
(iv) It gives them confidence to serve God
(v) To acknowledge their weakness / a sign of humility
(vi) It shows their desire to lead a righteous life
(vii) It is a sign of appreciation of God's mercy
(viii) It is a way of self reproach
(ix) It is a demonstration of their faith in God
(x) so as to be forgiven by God.

Women who accompanied Jesus (8:1-3)

 Soon afterward Jesus went on through cities and villages, preaching and bringing good news
of the kingdom of God.
 The 12 disciples were with him.
 Some women who had been healed of evil spirits and infirmities: Mary, called Magdalene
from whom 7 demons had gone out, Joanna, the wife of Chuza, Herod’s steward, Susanna
and many others.

Reasons why Christians should ask for forgiveness from God

1. To be at peace with God/ establish a relationship with God.
2. To show obedience to the teachings of Jesus.
3. To improve the relationship with others.
4. It gives them confidence to serve God.
5. To acknowledge their weakness/ a sign of humility.
6. It shows their desire to lead a righteous life.
7. It is a sign of appreciation of God’s mercy.
8. It is a way of self reproach.
9. It is a demonstration of their faith in God.
10. So as to be forgiven by God.

Lessons Christians learn from the story

1. Christians should seek Jesus for forgiveness.
2. They should teach the Gospel to other
3. Christians should not discriminate against others.
4. They should not condemn those working for God.
5. They should be tolerant with sinners.
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 6. Christians should not bar others from seeking salvation.
7. Christians should avoid hypocrisy and self righteousness.
8. Christians should humble themselves before God when seeking forgiveness

Responsibilities of women in the church today

1. Teach Sunday school.
2. Preach as Pastors and Bishops.
3. Give tithes and offerings.
4. Pray.
5. Act as ushers.
6. Clean the church/decorate the church.
7. Run hospitality services in church e.g. feeding pastors and fellow Christians.
8. Women take care of young children in church.
9. They contribute money/ clothes/ food to less fortunate, needy.
10. Run income generating projects for the church.
11. They organize guidance and counseling programmes in the church/ guide and counsel
members.
12. They are leaders in the church/participate in choosing leaders.

Parables and their significance

A parable is a short story with a hidden meaning.
(a) The parable of the sower (8:4-15)\
 According to the parable, a sower went out to sow his seed.
 As he sowed, some fell along the path, and was trodden under foot, and the birds of the air
devoured it.
 Some fell on the rock, and as it grew up, it withered away, because it had no moisture.
 Others fell among thorns: and the thorns grew with it and chocked it.
 Some fell into good soil and grew, and yielded a hundredfold.
 Jesus explained the meaning of the parable as follows:
The seen is the word of God.
The ones along the path are those who have heard; then the devil comes and takes
away the word from their hearts, that they may not believe and be saved.
The ones on the rocks are those who,. When they hear the word, receive it with joy,
but they have no root, they believe for a while and in time of temptation fall away.
Those that fell among the thorns represent those who hear, but as they go on their
way they are choked by the cares and riches and pleasures of life, and their fruit
does not mature.
The ones that fell on good soil are those who hear the word, hold it fast in an honest
and good heart, and bring forth fruit with patience.

Jesus teaching in the parable of the sower. Kcse 1996

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 (i) The word of God is preached to all people, but different people take it in
different ways
(ii) Some people hear the word of God, but the devil come and takes it away,
so that they do not believe get saved
(iii) Some people hear the word of God and receive it gladly, but when
problems come they forget it. Fail away.
(iv) Some people hear the word of God, but it does not take in their hearts
because the worries/ riches/ pleasures of the world crop and in the choke
the word
(v) Some people hear the word of God and keep it in their hearts until they
bear fruits
(vi) Christians should keep the word of God in their hearts and should spread it
to others.

Lessons Christians learn from the Parable:

1. Christians should spread the word of God to others.

2. Christians should avoid worldly pleasures that may hinder them from true Christianity.
3. Christians should remain faithful to the word of God and blessings shall be given to them.
4. The spreading of the word of God faces many obstacles which lead to lack of spiritual
nourishment.

(b) The parable of the lamp (8:16-18)

 In this parable Jesus said that no one after lighting a lamp covers it with a vessel, or puts it
under a bed, but puts it on a stand, that those who enter may see the light.
 Nothing is hid that shall not be brought to light, or anything secret that shall not be known
and come to light.
 Jesus cautioned the disciples to take heed how they hear.
 To him who has more will be given, and from him who has knot, even what he thinks that he
has will be taken away.
Lessons:
(c) Jesus’ True Family (8:19-21)

 Those opposed to his Messianic title wanted to use this occasion to ridicule him.
 Jesus reaction shows that true faith is spiritual not earthly.
 His family covers all people and not blood relatives.
 Jesus family comprises those who hear and act on his word.
 Christians form a family whose kingdom of God and Jesus is the head.

Reasons why Jesus used parables in His teaching. Kcse 2019

1. Jesus used parables in order to attract listeners/audience.
2. He wanted to provoke his listeners to think for themselves/make individual judgment.
3. In order to isolate serious/keen listeners from those who were not.
4. He wanted to keep his identity secret.
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 5. The use of parables was to avoid direct confrontation with Jewish religious leaders.
6. It was a demonstration of his wisdom.
7. It was a common method of teaching.

Parables used by Jesus to teach about the kingdom of God. Kcse 2003

(i) The Sower

(ii) Prodigal son/ lost sheep/ lost coin
(iii) Yeast
(iv) Mustard seed
(v) Hidden treasure
(vi) Wheat and tare
(vii) Patch and wine skins

Reasons why a Christian in Kenya today may find it difficult to understand the parables in Luke’s
Gospel
1. Kenyan culture is different from that of 1st Century Palestinee.g. Kenyans are not familiar
with grape growing, use of wineskins and the four seasons.
2. The original setting or meaning has not been preserved and thus Christians lack clues to
their meaning.
3. The parables often have to be explained and thus they loose their directness and immediate
meaning.
4. The circumstances in which these parables were told are different.
5. The Kingdom of God to which many of them relate is difficult and a controversial subject.
6. Many different meanings have been suggested; often these are allegorical and the
alternatives are at times confusing.
7. Not all situations Christians we do know about the parables help them to understand and
apply them e.g. the parable of the Patch and Wineskins designed to show that Judaism and
Christianity could not be patched together. The connection is hard to see and one has to
search for a comparable case in the Kenyan situation.
8. African story telling has social interpretation while parables of Jesus have spiritual truth.
9. The parables often take up Jewish ideas, concepts and traditions which are not familiar to
Christians today e.g. the idea of Israel as a vineyard.
10. Christians do not know what to do with the parables; should they just try to understand
what they signified in the time of Jesus or in the early Church or try to see a message for
themselves. The interpretation of the parables will depend on the individual understanding
and position.
11. Vernacular translations of the Bible such as vineyard to “shamba” or garden may help in
understanding the parable but distorts the original meaning of the parable.

Jesus Teachings about the Kingdom of God from His parables. Kcse 1997

i) It is God who establishes His Kingdom. He is like a sower. (parable of the sower).

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ii) God gives life to the kingdom so that it grows from within like a seed and spreads out
irresistibly as yeast permeates the dough. (Parables of the Mustard seed/Yeast/leaven).
iii) Jesus has brought / ushered in the Kingdom of God/ through his works and his very person.
iv) The kingdom of God is a present reality, as sower, God has sown the seed it is growing.
v) The Kingdom of God is a future reality (eschatological)/ the kingdom of God is awaiting
completion/perfection (the parable of the wheat and Tares).
Vi) The secrets of the Kingdom are reveal. Given to a chosen few, to others they are in
parables. Hidden.
vii) The Kingdom of God is universal /for all peoples/nations (mustard seed).
viii) The Kingdom of God starts in a small way /grows secretly to include all the nations of the
world (mustard seed/Yeast).
ix) There will be judgment in the Kingdom of God/ God will separate the righteous and the
sinners/ The righteous will be rewarded and sinners will be punished . (Wheat and the
Tares).
x) The Kingdom of God is for the righteous ones.
xi) The Kingdom of God is precious / valuable (it was worthy forfeiting all else for the sake of
the Kingdom ). (e.g Treasure/the pearl)
xii) God searches lost individuals and bring them back/ restore them to the Kingdom.
xiii) There is rejoicing in the kingdom when one lost individual is retrieved /brought back.
Note: Candidates do not have to quote the parable.

How the disciples reacted to the use of parables in his teachings. Kcse 1999

i. They were surprised/amazed at the meaning/did not understand/reasons for the

use parables.
ii. They failed to understand the message of some of the parables
iii. They felt privileged
iv. They understood some parables clearly (especially about religious practices fo the
Pharisees/pries.
v. They marveled at Jesus ability to teach using parables/his wisdom
vi. They marveled at Jesus ability to teach using parables/his wisdom
vii. They enjoyed listening Jesus parables
viii. They felt challenged by Jesus’ parables

MIGHTY WORKS OF JESUS

(a) Jesus calms the storm (Luke 8:22-25)
(b) Describe the incident in which Jesus calmed the storm (Luke 8:22-25). Kcse 2010
1. Jesus got into a boat with his disciples.
2. He told them that they should go to the other side of the lake so they sent off.
3. As they sailed Jesus fell a sleep.
4. A storm of wind came down of the lake.
5. The boat was filled with water/they were in danger.
6. The disciples went and woke Jesus saying “master we are perishing”
7. Jesus got up, rebuked the wind/the raging water/waves
8. The storm subsided/ceased/there was calm

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 9. Jesus asked the disciples where their faith was
10. The disciples were afraid/they marveled.
11. The disciples wondered who Jesus was even the wind and water could obey him.

Lesson learnt
1. Jesus had power over nature.
2. As Jesus calmed the storms in the sea, he can also calm the storms in our lives.
3. Christians should have faith in God, even when they are facing problems in life.

(c) Describe the healing of the Gerasene demoniac in Luke 8:26-39. Kcse 2007

 Jesus and the disciples arrived at the land of Gerasene

 They met a man who was demon possessed and lived among the tombs
 The man fell down and told Jesus not to torment him
 This is because Jesus had commanded the unclean spirit out of the man
 Jesus asked the man his name
 The man replied that his name was legion which meant many demons
 The demons begged Jesus not to let them go into the abyss but into the swine that were
near by.
 Jesus commanded the demons to go into the swine
 The swine rushed and drowned in a nearby lake
 The herdsmen then fled and went to tell people in the city concerning what had happened.
 People came and found the man sitting at the feet of Jesus, healed, dressed and in his right
mind.
 The people got afraid of Jesus and asked him to leave their territory
 The healed man asked Jesus whether he could accompany him
 Jesus told him to go and tell others what God had done for him.
 The man went through the town proclaiming the good news about Jesus

Lessons
1. Jesus has power over demons (Satan)
2. Jesus valued human life more than animal life.
3. Jesus came to destroy Satan’s Kingdom and establish God’s kingdom.
4. Jesus is the son of God-even demons acknowledge this.
5. Christian should bear witness of what Christ has done in their lives.
6. Jesus is able to heal the whole person, both physically and mentally.
7. Christian should be ready to surrender their material possessions to save people in need.

(d) The raising of Jairus’ daughter (Luke 8:40-56). Kcse 2015

 Jairus, a ruler of the synagogue came to jesus/ fell at Jesus’ feet
 He begged him to go to his house for his only daughter was dying.
 Jesus agreed to go/large crowd pressed against him.
 On the way he healed a woman who had flow of blood for twelve years.

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  A man from the ruler’s house brought a message that the daughter has already died/no
need to trouble the teacher any more.
 Jesus told Jairus not to fear but to believe/his daughter will be well.
 Jesus went into the house with Peter, James, John/parents of the child.
 People were weeping/wailing for her/Jesus told them not to weep because she was not
dead.
 Jesus took the child by the hand/told her to arise.
 Her spirit returned/she got up at once.
 Jesus directed that she be given something to eat.
 Her parents were amazed.
 Jesus charged them to tell no one what had happened.

Lessons Christians learn about Jesus from the raising of Jairus’ daughter. Kcse 2015
1. Jesus has power over death/source of life.
2. Jesus requires people to have faith in him.
3. Jesus is approachable.
4. Jesus is always ready to assist/concerned about people’s needs.
5. Jesus is sociable/available/mixes with people.
6. Jesus is the source of hope/healer.
7. He brings joy to people.
8. He sis humble.
9. He is a teacher.

Lessons Christian learn from the raising of Jairus daughter Lk 8:40-56. Kcse 2001

i. Jesus gives life/power over death/there is life after death/death /death is temporary
sleep.
ii. Faith is necessary for healing
iii. Christian should approach/seek God with humility
iv. Christian should be persistent in making requests
v. God answers requests/Christians should turn to God for their needs.
vi. God visits his people in their places/He is available.
vii. Christians should be patient/avoid desperation.
viii. Jesus brings hope/Joy/compassionate/Sympathetic.
ix. Jesus is the savior Messiah/Son of God.

The healing of the woman with the flow of blood Lk 8:40-56

 As Jesus went to Jairus daughter went people pressed round him.
 A woman who had a flow of blood for 12 years and could not be healed by any one.
 She came behind him and touched the fringe of his garment and immediately her flow of
blood ceased.
 Jesus asked who had touched him.
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  All denied it. Peter said that multitudes surrounded and pressed on Jesus.
 Jesus said, “someone touched me; for I perceive that poor has gone forth from me”.
 When the woman saw that she was not hidden, she came trembling, and falling down
before him declared in the presence of all people why she had touched him and how she
had been immediately healed.
 Jesus said to her, “Daughter, your faith has made you well; go in peace”.

Ways in which Jesus uplifted the status of women according to St. Lukes’ Gospel
1. Jesus raised the only son of the widow of Nain from death.
2. Jesus forgave the sinful woman in Simon the Pharisee’s house.
3. He healed the women who accompanied Him of infirmities or cast out evil spirits.
4. Jesus healed the woman who had been crippled on the Sabbath.
5. He raised Jairus’ daughter from death.
6. Jesus praised Mary for choosing to listen to the word of God while her sister Martha
complained about work.
7. Jesus told the women who accompanied Him to the crucifixion not to weep and it was
women who were the first to receive the news of His resurrection.
8. Jesus healed the woman who had the flow of blood for twelve years.
9. Jesus commended the widow who gave all her offering in the temple.
10. Jesus visited the family of Martha and Mary.

Ways in which Christians can eradicate cases of discrimination in the society

1. Educate people on the evils against discrimination.
2. Condemn those who practice discrimination.
3. Living exemplary lives or being role models.
4. Reporting cases of discrimination to the relevant authorities.
5. Praying for the culprits to change.
6. Providing equal job opportunities to both genders.
7. Preaching love in the society.
8. Supporting the government in enacting laws that promote equality.
9. Rewarding marginalized groups that make a positive mark in the society.

How the church in Kenya is helping the sick. Kcse 2015

1. The church provides free/affordable medical services for the sick.
2. It gives financial/material assistance to the sick.
3. The church guidance and counseling services to the sick.
4. By constructing hospitals/mobile clinics/recreational facilities for the sick.
5. The church trains medical personnel to offer health services.
6. By accepting the sick in church/preaching messages of hope to them.
7. The church prays for the sick/laying of hands/anointing.
8. The church participates in cleaning the environment for good health.
9. Church members visit/encourage the sick.
10. The church has rehabilitation centres where they care for the sick.
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Lessons that Christians learn from the mighty works of Jesus
1. Jesus gives life/ has power over death/ thus Christians should have hope of life after death.
2. Christians should have faith; faith is necessary for healing.
3. Christians should approach/ seek God with humility.
4. Christians should be persistent in making requests.
5. God answers requests/ Christians should turn to God for their needs.
6. Christians should be patient/ avoid desperation.
7. Christians should be compassionate to those suffering.
8. Christians should believe in Jesus’ power through touching.
9. Christians should emulate Jesus’ humility as they do God’s work e.g. Jesus imposed silence
as He raised Jairus’ daughter.
10. Jesus gives hope to those who are hopeless and thus Christians should not be desperate.
11. Christians should carry out their mission to all regardless of race, gender or status.
12. Jesus knows the needs of people personally, therefore Christians should ask for them.
13. Christians should exercise courage when seeking solutions to their problems.

JESUS AND THE 12 DISCIPLES

a) The commissioning of the 12 disciples (Luke 9:1-9)
 Jesus called the 12 disciples and gave them power and authority over all demons and to
cure diseases.
 He sent them out to preach the kingdom of God and to heal.
 He told them to take nothing for journey.
 They were to enter any house they were welcome, stay there and depart from them.
 Where they were not welcome, when they live the town, they would shake off the dust
from their feet as a testimony against them.
 They departed and went through the villages preaching the gospel and healing everywhere.
 Herod the tetrarch was perplexed by the mighty works the disciples of Jesus were doing.
 Some people said that John had been raised from the dead. Others said Elijah had appeared
and others that one of the Old Testament prophets had risen.
 Herod sought to see/meet Jesus in person.

Lessons Christians learn from the commissioning of the twelve disciples

Christians should:
1. Share in the mission of Jesus by availing the Gospel to all nations.
2. Care for the sick.
3. Provide for the upkeep of church leaders.
4. Make pastoral visits to the homes of Christians for fellowship.
5. Offer hospitality to the evangelists in their homes.
6. Lead humble lives.
7. Pray for the gifts of the Holy Spirit.

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 8. Christians should be ready to face opposition in their work.

The relevance of the commissioning of the twelve disciples

1. Disciples are supposed to have total trust in God/Must only rely on God for their provision.
2. Jesus gives power and authority to his disciples to heal and cast out demons.
3. The Kingdom of God entails total renewal of man’s body and soul.
4. The work of the disciples is to spread the kingdom of God through the preaching of the
gospel.
5. Disciples must disassociate themselves from rebellious listeners.
6. Disciples must have no fellowship with those who reject the Gospel.
7. The disciple must treat the commission to preach the kingdom as a matter of urgency.

The work of Missionaries today

The work of missionaries today is:
1. To preach the gospel of the Kingdom of God.
2. To heal the sick.
3. To win souls to the Kingdom of God.
4. To take care of the needs of the needy e.g. orphans, widows, street children.
5. To give hope through the word of God.
6. To cast out demons.
7. To counsel people on family life issues
8. To provide moral guidance to the youth.

b) Jesus feeds the five thousand (Luke 9:10-17)

 On their return the apostles told Jesus what they had done.
 He took the apostles and withdrew apart to a city called Bethsaida.
 When the crowds learned it, they followed him and he welcomed them, spoke to them
about the kingdom of God, and cured the sick.
 As they day went on, the disciples told him to send the crowd away to go into the villages
and country round about for they were in a desert.
 Jesus told them to give them something to eat.
 They said they had only five loaves and to fish.
 There were about 5000 men.
 He told them to make the people sit down in companies of fifty.
 Jesus took the five loaves and the two fish, looked up to heaven and blessed and broke
them and gave tom to the disciples to give the crowd.
 All are to satisfaction and 12 baskets of left over’s were collected.

Virtues that Christian learn from the miracles of the feeding of the five thousand (Lk 9:12-17). Kcse
2010
1. Service
2. Obedience
3. Faith/trust
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 4. Humility
5. Cooperation
6. Thankfulness
7. Carefulness
8. Responsibility
9. Kindness/generosity/sharing
10. Concern/compassion/mercy
11. Respect

Lessons Christians learn from the feeding of 5,000

1. Christians should be willing to share what they have with others e.g. food, clothing, shelter,
education, medicine.
2. Christians should not run away from problems but should be ready to face challenges as
they occur.
3. Christians should always pray to God before doing anything e.g. before eating.
4. Christians should preach the gospel to others.
5. Christians Should not be wasteful in the use of their food and other resources i.e. Jesus
asked the left-over to be collected.
6. Christians should show mercy to those who are suffering e.g. by feeding them.
7. Church leaders should delegate duties as Jesus did, he asked his disciples to arrange the
people and distribute food to them.
8. Christians should be very orderly people e.g. Jesus asked the people to sit down before they
could be given food.
9. Christians should be obedient to their leaders; the disciples were always ready to take the
instructions of Jesus without questioning.
10. Christians should not only preach the gospel but also cater for people’s social and economic
needs e.g. run schools, hospitals and colleges.

What lessons did the disciples of Jesus learnt from the miracle of feeding of five thousand? Kcse
2005

i. To be concerned for the physical needs of people

ii. They should thank God.
iii. To serve others /demonstrate humility
iv. To practice obedience.
v. To praise sharing
vi. To co-operate with others.
vii. To be responsible/careful.

How the feeding of the 5,000 people prepared the disciples for their future work
It made them know:
1. That with God nothing is impossible
2. Success in mission work entails providing people with both spiritual and physical needs.
3. That as a preacher one must also be an environmentalist i.e. keeps it clean.
4. That showing compassion is an essential element of Christian ministry.

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 5. As a missionary one must not be lazy, he must keep on working as long as there is need.
6. They learnt never to limit God as they work for him.

Why do some Christians find it difficult to share their wealth with others? Kcse 2005

 There is selfishness/ individuals in modern society

 The high costly of living has led to economic constraints
 Some only share with members of their tribe/ race/ clan/ family
 Denominational differences hinder the spirit of sharing
 It can encourage dependence/ laziness
 It is difficult to identify those who may genuinely require help/ assistance
 Those receiving help may be suspicious
 Those receiving the assistance may not show appreciation
 They have not understood the biblical concept of sharing

c) The person of Jesus and his destiny (Luke 9:18-27)

 As Jesus was praying alone with his disciples. He asked his disciples “who do the people say
that I am?”
 They answered-John the Baptist, other Elijah and others said that one of the old prophets
had risen.
 He then asked them who they said he was.
 Peter answered, “The Christ of God”.
 He charged and commanded them not to tell anyone saying that the sons of Man must
suffer many things, be rejected by the elders and chief priests and scribes, be killed and on
the third day be raised.
 He said to all that if any would follow him, he must deny himself, take up his cross daily and
follow him.
 Whoever would save his life would lose it, and whoever loses his life for Jesus sake will save
it.
 Whoever would save his life would lose it, and whoever loses his life for Jesus sake will save
it.
 Whoever is ashamed of Jesus and his words, the son of man would be ashamed when he
comes in his glory and the glory of the father and of the holy angles.
 He told them that some standing there would not taste death before they see the kingdom
of God.

d) The Transfiguration (Luke 9:28-36)

 Transfiguration means change of form or transformation of body into heavenly glory.
 Eight days after these sayings Jesus took with him Peter, John and James to the Mount
Harmon to pray.
 As he was praying, his appearance changed (shone like the sun) and his clothes became as
white as snow.
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  Two men talked with him i.e. Moses and Elijah.
 The two appeared in glory and spoke of his departure which he was to accomplish in
Jerusalem, Peter and the other apostles had slept.
 When they woke up they saw his glory and the two men who stood with him.
 As the men were parting from him, Peter told Jesus that it was good that they were there.
 He suggested that they (disciples) make 3 tents, one for Jesus, one for Moses and one for
Elijah.
 As he said this, a cloud came and overshadowed them.
 They were afraid as they entered the cloud.
 A voice came out of the cloud saying, “This is my son, My chosen; Listen to him!”.
 When the voice had spoken, Jesus was found alone.
 The disciples kept silence and told no one in those days what they had seen.

Significance of the transfiguration of Jesus to his disciple ( Lk 9: 28 – 36). Kcse 2002

(i) It confirms to them that he was the son of God

(ii) It showed his glory/ holiness
(iii) It showed that he was sent by God to establish a new kingdom on earth
(iv) It proved to them that he was the fulfillment of the law/ prophecy
(v) Revealed to them that he was to die in Jerusalem
(vi) Strengthened the faith of the disciples
(vii) It taught them that they were to obey Jesus
(viii) It revealed to them that there is life after death
(ix) It revealed that Jesus was in communication with God

How Christians show respect to God. Kcse 2002

(i) Set aside a day of worship

(ii)Set aside Holy places of worship
(iii) Do not mention his name anyhow
(iv) Living exemplary lives/ keeping the commandments
(v) Pray to him
(vi) Dependant on him for their needs
(vii) Give offering to him
(viii) Praise him for the wonders
(ix) Take care of the environment
(x) Look after the needy
(xi) Preaching/ teaching/ spreading his word
(xii) Worship him
(xiii) Observing Christians rituals e.g. Baptism

Significance of the transfiguration to Christians

1. Moses represented the law and this signified that Jesus’ fulfillment of the O.T law, the Law
of Moses.

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 2. Elijah represented the O.T prophets signifying that Jesus was the fulfillment of O.T prophesy.
3. The two O.T figures talked to Jesus about his passion and death signifying that God had
approved the crucifixion of Jesus.
4. The Voice from heaven about the person of Jesus was confirming that Jesus was fulfilling the
will of God.
5. The entire episode was a confirmation that Jesus was the son of God.
6. The appearance of Moses was a confirmation that there is life after death and holy people
when they die they go to heaven.
7. The episode signified that Jesus was about to be glorified through His death and
resurrection.
8. The incident encouraged and strengthened Jesus to carry on with His mission through
suffering and death.
9. The occasion taught the disciples the need for privacy in prayer.
10. The appearance in heavenly glory strengthened the faith of the three disciples who realized
that they were right in following Jesus.
11. The disciples experienced the presence of God which was manifested through the cloud.
12. The voice from the cloud taught the disciples that Jesus had to be obeyed and trusted.
13. The disciples learnt that Jesus’ mission was to establish the Kingdom of God.
14. The incident prepared Peter for the future leadership of the church.

Lessons that Christians learn from the transfiguration of Jesus. Kcse 2006

 Christians learn that Jesus is the son of God/ holy

 They should be always alert
 They should not be selfish/ share God’s secrets with others
 It teaches that Jesus was a fulfillment of the Old Testament law/ prophesies
 They should be prayerful
 They learnt that Jesus is the messiah foretold by the Old Testament prophets
 They should enter the presence of God with great respect/ reverence
 They should learn to endure suffering
 They should live with hope knowing that there is life after death
 They should be slow to speak/ learn more about Christ before they speak

Importance of the transfiguration of Jesus to Christian today. Kcse 2012

1. It took place when Jesus and three of his disciples were praying. Christians should therefore
take time off their duties to pray.
2. Jesus and his disciples had retreated to a private place/ mountain to pray Christians
therefore should have retreats/ go to a private place for prayer.
3. Resurrection is a reality since Moses who died appeared in the transfiguration. Christians
therefore should have hope for life after death.
4. Moses and Elijah appeared to encourage Jesus about the suffering he was about to face.
Christians therefore learn that they should accept/endure suffering as a way to salvation.
5. Jesus came to do the will of his Father/fulfill the law/prophecies. Christians are assured
of salvation/should believe in the word of God.

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 6. The disciples heard the voice of God which commanded them to listen to Jesus. Christians
learn that God speaks to them/they should listen to Gods voice/Jesus the word of God.
7. The cloud symbolized God’s presence with Jesus. Christians therefore learn that God is
always with them/ they should call upon Him for help/desire to be in the presence of God.

JESUS’ TEACHING ON FAITH AND HUMILITY (LUKE 9:37-50)

Jesus teaching on faith and humility focused on the problems and difficulties His disciples would face
in their apostolic mission. This is shown in the following incidences.
The disciples showed inability to deal with a case of demon possession (vs 37-43)
 The father of a sick boy had requested the disciples to help him, but they were unable.
 The boy had epilepsy.
 Jesus was disappointed that His disciples could not heal the boy.
 Jesus made another prophecy of His passion (vs 44-45), He said the son of man is to be
delivered into the hands of men. The disciples did not understand this saying.
The disciples’ concern for greatness (vs 46-48)
 The disciples’ pride led to their inability to understand Jesus’ mission.
 They became competitive among themselves.
 They each wanted to be the greatest in Jesus’ kingdom.
 Jesus taught them that greatness was the ability to welcome the lowest in the society
because it was like receiving a small child.
 Receiving such a child, would be receiving Jesus, and receiving Jesus would be accepting the
one who sent him.
 Children stand for humility and simplicity.
 To be Jesus disciple, one had to be like a child, accepting humility and simplicity into their
missionary work.
The rebuke of the non-followers of Jesus by the disciples (vs 49-50)
 When the disciples saw a non-follower, but a believer, casting out demons in Jesus name,
they wanted to rebuke them.
 In their opinion, a follower of Jesus had to be a member of their group.
 Jesus told them to accept the man’s work, because he had demonstrated total trust in Jesus,
 He had used Jesus’ name to cast out demons.

Significance of Jesus’ teaching on faith and humility

1. Christian churches should be united in their mission.
2. Christian leaders should humble themselves in serving the community.
3. Christians should recognize and accept faith-healing as mighty works of God.
4. Demon spirits recognize the authority of Jesus over them.
5. With Faith in God, Christians have authority over demons.
6. Membership in Gods kingdom requires humility.
7. The one that is greatest in Gods kingdom is one who is humble.
8. Christians should show compassion to those who are suffering.
9. Christians must have.

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 10. faith accompanied by works.

How Christians can express humility

1. By sharing material possessions with the needy.
2. By mixing freely with people of lower status regardless of their position.
3. Being available to offer communal service e.g. street cleaning.
4. By not boasting about their own achievement.
5. By attributing all their achievement to the power of God.
6. By being available and ready to share the gospel in rural, semi-arid and inaccessible areas.
7. By blessing those who curse them.
8. By praying for their enemies.
9. By forgiving those who wrong them.

Instances that proved that Jesus was a humble man

1. He never boasted about his divinity.
2. He was ready to forgive all who wronged Him including those who crucified Him.
3. He never argued with His accusers especially during the trial before the Sanhedrin, Herod
and Pilate.
4. He left His glory in heaven be born of Mary so as to fulfill God’s plan of salvation.
5. He was available to listen to the teachings of the elders in the Temple when He was 12
years.
6. He entered each village and interacted with all classes of people e.g. lepers, women, poor,
sick.
7. He shared all sorts of meals with His disciples.
8. He slept with His disciples in very humble circumstances.
9. When He was born He was laid in a manger in a cattle shed.

Incidents in st. luke’s gospel where jesus is depicted as a son of god

(i) At baptism Luke 3:22.
(ii) At transfiguration Luke 9:35.
(iii) During the annunciation Luke 1:32.
(iv) During temptations in the wilderness Luke 4:3.
(v) During Peter’s confession.
(vi) During exorcism at Capernaum Luke 4:34.
(vii) During the exorcism at Gerasene Luke 8:28.

Methods used by Jesus to spread the gospel. Kcse 1996

(i) Preaching/ teaching the good news in the synagogues. He preached in the
synagogues in Nazareth and throughout the country ( Luke 4: 42 – 44)
(ii) Through the healing miracles/ curing various diseases. Healing of the
paralytic ( Any other miracle)
(iii) Raising the people back to life. Raising of Jairus Daughter ( Any other)
(iv) Casting out evils spirits/ exorcism. Healing the man with an evil spirit at
Capernaum. ( Any other exorcism

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 (v) Through miracles of nature. Calling of the storm ( any other
(vi) Giving of discourses/ sermons. Sermon on the mount/ Oschatological
discourse. ( any other.
(vii) Through the use of parables/ allegories. The parable of the sower ( any
other)
(viii) Setting good examples for his disciples/ others to emulate. Washing the
disciples feet, forgave sinners, died on the cross. ( any other)
(ix) Use of live examples/ visual aids. Used a child to teach on meekness.
Innocence as a prerequisite for entry into the kingdom
(x) Delegated his disciples to go on a preaching mission. Mission of the 12/72.
(xi) Through house visits. Visited the home ofMary and Martha. Simon the
Pharisee/ Levi/ Zacheaus/ the sinful woman/ the disciples at Emmaus (Any
other.
(xii) Use of the demonstrations/ role play, washing of feet. ( any other.
(xiii) Question and answer/ asking probing questions “ who do men say I am”?/
Any other
(xiv) Giving private tuition to his disciples. When he explained to them the
meaning of the parable of the sower/ when he taught them how to pray/
the last supper . ( “do this in remembrance of me”)
(xv) Teaching in the temple of Jerusalem. During the holy week be taught in the
temple every day.
(xvi) Used life experiences of the people/ human experience. When he asked for
a coin to answer the question on payment of taxes to Caesar.
(xvii) Taught from the known to the unknown. Conversations with the Samaritan
woman ( any other)
(xviii) Use of the Old Testament texts to back his teachings/ elaborate his
teachings. Read the book of Isaiah in the Synagogue in Nazareth.
(xix) He evaluated his listeners after teaching. After the parable of the good
Samaritan, he asked the teacher of the law. “in your opinion, which one of
these acted like a neighbour towards the man attacked by robbers”? The
teacher of the Law answered,” The one who was kind to him.” Jesus told
him to go and do likewise.
(xx) He Commanded people to do and witness what they had been taught and
what they had seen. Gerasene demoniac.
(xxi) Use of wise sayings e.g. “salt is good, but if it loses its saltness, there is no
way to make it salty again

Examples from the life/Ministry of Jesus which show how he tried to promote social equality. Kcse
1999

i. Though Jesus was God/divine son of God, he was born of ordinary peasant
parents(Mary and Joseph)
ii. Jesus was born in a stable/manger.
iii. Jesus’ birth was first revealed to shepherds (who were ordinary people)/ not fist
revealed to the priests in the temple/he was visited by the shepherds.

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 iv. Lived ordinary life of a Jewish child (by undergoing the Jewish rites of
passage/assisting his parents).
v. Though he was not a sinner, he was baptized by John the Baptist like all who sought
repentance of sin.
vi. He selected His disciples from low/high states e.g son of Zebedee- James and John
who were of high status and all other were of high status and all other were of low
status.
vii. He preached he message to all – Jews /gentiles/ Poor/ Rich etc
viii. He called everybody to repentance/forgave all Hews/gentiles/poor/rich /etc
ix. He healed all Jews/ gentiles/great/might low
x. He mixed with all- rich/poor/famous/ordinary people/criminals/children etc
xi. He reinstated the status of a woman as a helper not as subordinate to a man – any
other relevant example
xii. In his parables, he used daily experiences from different life situations to address
the audience-any parapable of Jesus
xiii. He was falsely accused like some people who suffer unjustly/crucified with other
criminals.
xiv. He died like everybody else
xv. He condemned evil doers irrespective of status /oppression

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THE JOURNEY TO JERUSALEM MINISTRY
Duties and privileges of discipleship (Luke 9:51-62)
 When the days drew near for him to be received up, he set his face to go to Jerusalem.
 He sent messengers ahead of him, who went and entered a village of Samaritans to make
the people ready for him.
 The Samaritans were very hostile and could not receive Jesus.
 When his disciples James and John saw it were unhappy and wanted to call down fire from
heaven to consume the Samaritans, but Jesus rebuked them.
 They went on to another village.
 As they were going along the road, a man said to him, “I will follow you wherever you go”.
 Jesus told him, “foxes have holes, and birds of the air have nests; but the sons of man have
nowhere to lay his head”.
 Jesus asked another man to follow him, but the man said to Jesus “Lord let me first go and
bury my father”.
 Jesus said to him, “Leave the dead to bury their dead; but as for you, go and proclaim and
the kingdom of God”.
 By this Jesus meant that the man should, let those who had not received the call to follow
Christ to look after the home affairs.
 Another man said, “ I will follow you Lord; but let me first say farewell to those at my
home”.
 Jesus said to him, “No one who puts his hand to the plough and looks back is fit for the
kingdom of God”.
 This means that whoever turns back after accepting Jesus Christ does not qualify for the
kingdom of God.

Relevance of the 3 incidents

The mission of the seventy two (Luke 10:1-24)

 After giving the duties and privileges of discipleship, Jesus appointed 72 other disciples.
 He sent them ahead of him, two by two into every town and place where he himself was
about to go.
 He told them that the harvest is plentiful, but the labourers are few. They were to pray for
the Lord of harvest to send out laborers into his harvest.
 He told them he had sent them as lambs in the midst of wolves.
 They were not to carry a purse, bag or sandals or salute any one on the road.
 Whatever house they enter, they were to say peace to the house.
 They were to remain in the same house, eating and drinking what they are provided.
 They were not to move from house to house.
 Where they entered a town and were received, they were to eat what was set before them.
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  They were to heal the sick and say to them, “The kingdom of God has come near to you”.
 Where they entered a town and they were not received, they were to go to its streets and
say “even the dust of your town that sings to our feet, we wipe off against you: nevertheless
know this, that the kingdom of God has come near”.
 It would be more tolerable on that day for Sodom that for that town.
 He spoke woe to Chorazin and Bethsaida because if the mighty works done in it had been
done in Tyre and Siden, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes.
 It would be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon than for them.
 Capernaum would be brought down to Hades.
 Those who hear/reject them, hear/reject Jesus.
 The 72 returned with Joy saying that even demons were subject to them.
 Jesus said to them “I saw Satan fall like lighting from heaven”.
 He told them he had given them authority to tread upon serpents and scorpions and over all
the power of the enemy and nothing would hurt them.
 They were not to rejoice that the demons are subject to them, but that their names are
written in heaven.
 Jesus rejoiced at seeing the power of God in the work of the disciples.
 He gives thanks to God for revealing Himself to the lowly and not the rich to the simple and
not the proud.
 In his prayer, Jesus expresses the relationship between Himself and His father.
 The disciples had the privilege of witnessing the presence of the Messiah.

The instructions that Jesus gave to the seventy two disciples when he sent them on a mission. Kcse
2011

(i) The disciples were to pray for more labourers to be sent for the harvest,
(ii) The disciples were not to carry any pulse / bag / sandals.
(iii) They were not to salute anyone on the road.
(iv) They were to say peace any house they entered.
(v) They were to remain in the same house / NOT to go from house to house.
(vi) They were to eat / drink whatever was provided.
(vii) They were to heal the sick
( viii) They were, to tell the people that the kingdom of God has come near
(ix) They were to wipe off the dust on their feet against the people if not received.

Relevance of Jesus’ teaching on discipleship to Christians

1. Christians continue to evangelize and ensure that the gospel reaches all people.
2. Christians should not tire in evangelizing even in the face of hostility or resistance.
3. Christian have a duty to take care of the servants of God.
4. Christians should be involved in the healing ministry of Jesus in all its dimensions.
5. Christians have the assurance of God’s power to overcome evil. Jesus told the disciples He
gave them the authority to overcome the power of the enemy.
6. Christians should be cautious of their ability to cast out evil spirits.
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 7. Followers of Jesus are sent to go out and preach the gospel to win more souls to Christ.
A committed follower of Jesus (Luke 10:25-11:1-3)
This will be discussed from the stories of the Good Samaritan, Mary and Martha and Jesus’ teaching
on prayer.
i) The parable of the Good Samaritan (Luke 10:25-37) kcse 2019
1. A lawyer asked Jesus who a neighbor is.
2. Jesus responded by telling him the parable of the good Samaritan.
3. He said a man was on his way to Jericho from Jerusalem when he fell among robbers.
4. They stripped him/beat him/departed leaving him half dead.
5. A priest who was going down that road saw him but passed on the other side.
6. A Levite came, saw him but also passed on the other side.
7. But a Samaritan, as he journeyed came to where he was.
8. He had compassion/bound up his wounds after pouring oil/ wine on them.
9. He set him on his beast/took him to an inn to rest.
10. He paid the inn keeper/promised to come back and pay whatever else would be used in
caring for the injured man.
11. Jesus then asked who among the three proved to be a neighbor to the man who fell among
the robbers.
12. The lawyer replied that it was the one who had shown mercy.
13. Jesus told him to go and do likewise.

Lessons learnt from the parable of the Good Samaritans on a committed follower of Jesus
A committed follower is:
1. One who understands the law and obeys it.
2. One who understands that a neighour is anybody who requires help regardless of their
social status?
3. One who uses their resources selflessly to help the needy?
4. One who is not restricted by cultural and religious practices in responding to a needy
situation?
5. One who is compassionate, kind and generous.
6. One who shows solidarity with the suffering

Characteristics of true discipleship of Jesus from the parable of the Good Samaritan
1. Having practical knowledge and understanding of God’s commandments.
2. Readiness to help the needy.
3. Willingness to share resources selflessly with others.
4. Showing solidarity with those who are suffering.
5. Freedom from cultural/ traditional restrictions.
6. Readiness to serve all irrespective of the race/ religion/ status/gender.
7. Should be compassionate/ loving to the needy.
8. Kindness and generosity to others.
9. Shows pity and mercy to those who are suffering.
10. Obedience to God’s commandments.
11. Readiness to risk life for the sake of others
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 ii. Mary and Martha (Luke 10:38-42)
 As they went on their way, Jesus entered a village and a woman named Martha received
him into her house.
 Her sister Mary sat at Jesus’ feet and listened to his teaching.
 Martha was distracted with much serving. She complained to Jesus that Mary had left to do
all the work.
 Jesus answered her by telling her that she was anxious and troubled by many things.
 Only one thing is needful and Mary had chosen the good portion which could not be taken
away from her.

From this story, a committed follower

1. Should create time to read and listen to the word of God.
2. Should ensure that the worries and commitments of daily life do not override their
commitment to God’s word.
Other lessons
1. Pastors/priests should make pastoral visits to the homes of their members.
2. Christian should support the servant of God in their ministry by providing material support.
i. Jesus’ teaching on prayer (Luke 11:1-13)
 Jesus was praying in a certain place. When he finished one of his disciples told him to teach
them how to pray as John taught his disciples.
 In response, Jesus taught them the Lord ’s Prayer. It has six petitions:
1. Jesus addressed God as “Father”.
2. Honouring God’s holy name-Hallowed be they name.
3. Declaring the kingdom of God-They kingdom come.
4. Asking God to provide for our daily needs-Give us each day our daily bread.
5. Asking God to forgive our sins as we forgive others.
6. Pleading with God not to bring temptations.
 Jesus went on to teach on prayer. He gives an incident of a person who goes to a friend at
midnight to ask for bread to entertain an unexpected guest. The friend did not want to wake
up.
 Because of persistence, the man wakes up and gives him whatever he needs.
 He told his disciples to ask and they would receive, to seek and they would find, knock and it
would be opened to them.
 He asked them if a father would give a serpent for a fish or a scorpion for an egg.
 Jesus emphasized that Christian should play all times without ceasing for God would grant
their requests.
 It earthly fathers give good things to their children; God will give us much more, including
the Holy spirit, if we ask Him.

What is the New Testament teaching on prayer? Kcse 2004

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  It should be done in secret
 Prayer should be short/ specific/ direct
 It should be addressed to God/ Honour God
 People should pray persistently / without ceasing
 Make your requests through prayers
 Confess sins through prayer
 Pray with humility / be humble
 Have faith when praying/ trust
 Forgive others before praying
 God answers prayers

Instructions given by Jesus to his disciples on how to pray. Kcse 1996

(i) Prayers must be honest/ sincere
(ii) To humble themselves before God during prayer/ not to exalt oneself rather be
humble.
(iii) Prayer should be addressed to God who is the loving heavenly father
(iv) To be persistent in prayer/ wait patiently for God to answer prayers/ Not to
loose hope
(v) To have faith in God hence prayer
(vi) Prayers should be short, clear and to the point
(vii) Should show honour to God before making any request
(viii) Prayer should be made in private/ silent places (Jesus always withdrew from
the crowd to go and pray).

State the teachings of Jesus on how a Christian should approach God in prayer. Kcse 2005/2019
1. Prayer should be addressed to God the father
2. One should go to a secret place/ quiet place
3. A Christian should be specific/ precise when praying
4. One should have faith/ pray expectantly
5. On should be persistent in prayer
6. One should praise/ adore God when praying
7. One should confess his / her sins
8. One should forgive others while praying
9. One should ask for his/ her need
10. One should be humble when praying
11. One should pray for God’s will to be done

Reasons why Christians pray

1. To honour God
2. To request for favours from God
3. To offer thanksgiving.
4. To confess and seek forgiveness for wrong doing.
5. To seek God’s protection.
6. To intercede on behalf of others.

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Why do some Christians find it difficult to pray? Kcse 2004
 Lack of faith/ trust
 Tiredness/ laziness
 Lack of time / busy schedules
 Frustrations/ bitterness/ problems
 Ridicule/ discouragement from others
 Sinful living/ lack of conscience
 Unanswered prayers
 Lack of knowledge in scriptures
 Fear of the people/ congregation
 Too much wealth/ poverty/ education
 Poor roles models
 Lack of training/ experience

The use of God’s power to overcome evil (Luke 11:14-36)

a) Jesus and Beelzabul (Luke 11:14-23)
 Jesus was casting out a demon that was dumb.
 When the demon had gone out, the dumb man spoke and people marveled.
 Some people claimed that Jesus was casting out demons by Beelzebub, the prince of
demons.
 Other tested him by seeking from hi a sign from heaven.
 Jesus knew their thoughts and told them that a kingdom divided against itself falls.
Therefore Satan cannot fight against himself.
 He also remained them that their own followers were driving out demons. He wondered
what power they used.
 Jesus argued that God’s kingdom and that of Satan are separate and could not co-exist.
 Satan could not allow his agents to drive out demons as this would imply division in his
kingdom.
 This miracle was a manifestation of God’s powerful rule bringing an end to Satan’s power.
 Jesus appeared to His hearers to give him active support.

b) The return of the unclean spirit (Luke 11:24-28)

 Jesus went ahead to explain that when an evil spirit is cast out, it travels across the country
looking for a place to rest.
 If it fails to get someone to posses, it returns to its original place and finding the place
unoccupied, brings along seven other spirits which are worse than itself.
 When this happens, the person becomes worse than was before.
 As he said this a woman in the crowd lauded his mother for bringing Him to life and nursing
Him.
 Jesus said that blessed are those who hear the word of God and keep it.

c) The sign of Jonah (Luke 11:29-32)

 Jesus described the Jews as an evil generation because they demanded for a sign/miracle.
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  He told them that no miracle would be given except the one for Jonah, who was a sign for
the people of Nineveh.
 The queen of the South will arise at the judgement with the men of this generation and
condemn them. She went to listen to Solomon’s wisdom.
 Jesus is greater than Solomon.
 The men of Nineveh will arise at the judgement with their generation and condemn them
because they repented at the preaching of Jona.
 Jesus also said he was greater than Jonah.
d) The light of the body (Luke 11:33-36)
 Jesus taught that no one lights a lamp and puts it under a bushel, but on a stand, for all to
see.
 The eye is the lamp of the body. When the eyes are oaky, the whole body is full of light, but
when they are poor, the whole body is in darkness.
 The light is the word of God.

Lessons learnt from these incidents

1. Jesus has power to drive out demons
2. God’s power is greater than Satan’s.
3. When a demon-possessed person is healed, he/she should be filled with the holy spirit to
avoid repossession.
4. Christian are called to be the light of the world.
5. Christians should believe in Jesus teachings.
JESUS TEACHING ON HYPOCRISY, WELATH AND WATCHFULNESS (LUKE 11:37-12:59)
a) Fearless confession without hypocrisy
 Hypocrisy means being dishonest, insincere or pretending.
 Confession refers to an act of admitting ones wrong.

i. Jesus attacks the hypocrisy of Pharisees and teachers of the law (11:37-54, 12:1-3)
 Jesus warned His disciples against the hypocrisy of the Pharisees.
 Jesus was invited to a Pharisees house to eat with him.
 The Pharisees noticed that He ate without washing his hands.
 Jesus used this incident to teach the disciples on the hypocrisy of the Pharisees.
The washing of hands, cups and dishes was done ceremoniously. The Pharisees
observed the rules strictly. Jesus responded by informing them that it was more
important to pay attention to issues of charity than to external appearances.
Jesus criticized the Pharisees on their tithing habits. They paid one tenth of the
seasoning herbs S.G mint and rue which was meant to support the work of the
priests and Levites. While it was good to do this, they neglected justice and the love
of God.
He also criticized them because they loved the reversed seats in the synagogues and
to be greeted with respect in market places. Despite looking for preferential
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 treatment, the Pharisees were so bad that Jesus likened them to graves over which
people would walk without knowing.
Jesus accused the teachers of the law of behaving like their ancestors who
persecuted and killed God’s prophets. Likewise Jesus anticipates His own Martyr-like
death in the hands of the religious leaders.

Reasons why the Pharisees were referred to as hypocrites by Jesus. Kcse 2001

i. They considered themselves self-righteous

ii. They despised others/looked down upon others
iii. They lacked humility/exalted themselves
iv. They knew the commandments but did not apply them appropriately (observed them for
their own gain/they were shy)
v. They followed Jesus with an intention of finding faults/trapping him
vi. They followed rules made by human beings/traditions of elders opposed to God’s rule.
vii. They emphasized the outward cleanliness as opposed to purity of heart
viii. They altered the Law of Moses to suit their selfish motives
ix. They were a bad influence to the people /misled others
x. Their effect on the people was hidden yet wide spread (like yeast in the dough)

ii. Fearless confession without hypocrisy (vs 12:4-12)

 He encouraged his disciples not to fear those who “kill the body but cannot do anything
“worse” (vs 4). They were rather to fear God who is able to destroy both the body and the
soul.
 Jesus told his disciples that those who acknowledge him before men, he will acknowledge
them before the angels of God (vs. 8).
 Whoever denies him before men will be denied before the angels of God (vs 9)
 Everyone who speaks a word against the son of men will be forgiven, but he who
blasphemes against the holy spirit will not be forgiven (vs 10)
 Jesus demanded fearless honesty from his followers. They were to follow God without fear
since the Holy Spirit would teach them what they ought to say.

b) Material possessions (12:13-34)

 One time, someone asked Jesus to divide the inheritance between him and his brother.
However, Jesus warned him that no one has ever made him judge over their property.
 Jesus used this incident to warn of covetousness, for one’s life does not consist in the
abundance of his possessions.
 Jesus taught the correct attitude towards material possessions by telling the parable of the
rich fool.
 The land of a rich man brought forth plentifully. He said to himself, “what shall I do, for I
have nowhere to store my crops?”
 He said he would pull down his barns and build larger ones to store his grain and goods.

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  He would then tell his soul, “You have ample goods laid up for many years, take your case,
eat, drink and be merry”.
 God said to him, “fool! This night your soul is required of you, and the things you have
prepared, whose will they be?”
 Jesus told this parable to teach that we should not put our trust in material wealth but in
God who controls our lives.
 Jesus went on to teach His disciples that they were not to worry about food and clothes.
 Life is more important them food and the body more than clothing.
 He gave the example of birds of the air and the wild flowers.
 Birds do not gather a harvest yet God feeds them and takes care of them.
 Wild flowers do not work or make clothes for themselves, yet not even Solomon with all his
wealth had clothed himself like them.
 The disciples were not to be anxious about life. God already know their needs.
 They were to seek the kingdom of God first.

Relevance of teaching on material possession

1. Christian should be cautions in how they utilize their wealth.
2. Christian should not put all their energies and efforts into the acquisition of wealth.
3. Christian should store their riches in heaven by using them to help the poor.
4. God is the provider. He provides human beings and other creatures with their needs.
5. The parable of the rich farmer also teaches that material wealth can give false security.

Jesus' teaching on watchfulness and readiness (Luke 12: 35-48). kcse 2013

1. Believers should be dressed for his coming;

2. They should keep their lamps burning;
3. They should be awake /alert;
4. Those who are found waiting: will be blessed;
5. They should be prepared at all times since they do not know the time for Christ's coming;
6. Believers should continue1 working until Christ comes back;
7. The servants/believers who are drunkards/mistreat fellow workers will be punished;
8. Those who know what is required of them/their masters will and fail to do it will receive a severe
beating;
9. Believers are expected to respond to God according to how much they have received from him.
10. Those who do wrong out of ignorance will receive lesser beatings/punishment.

Causes of division (12:49-53)

 Jesus warned that his coming would cause divisions. This would cause sufferings-families
(division). The disciples were to watch out for divisions which would come due to their
loyalty to Jesus.

Understanding the signs (12:54-56)

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  Jesus said just like people know through signs how weather will be, so the signs of God’s
coming were also obvious and all around them.

Making peace (12:57-59)

 The coming of Jesus Christ required every person to make a decision whether to follow him
or not.
 His coming would bring judgement and divisions among people.
 The signs of the coming of the kingdom are all around the people just like the signs of the
weather.
 Jesus cautions his listeners to make peace with God and other people before that time.

The teachings of Jesus on watchfulness and readiness

1. Christians are urged to be ready all the time by living holy lives and spreading the good
news.
2. Judgement may come any time so Christians should always be prepared.
3. Christians should be responsible for what God has given them. They should be good
stewards of the kingdom of God.
4. Christians should realize that commitment to Christ can bring divisions even in the families.
5. Christians should know that eternal life could be experienced here on earth through
believing in Jesus.
6. Every individual Christian will give an account for their deeds on earth.
7. Christians should be alert to be able to identify the signs of God’s presence against them.

THE KINGDOM OF GOD

THE GROWTH OF GOD’S KINGDOM (LUKE 13:1-35)
(a) The Galileans who perished (Luke 13:1-5)
 Jesus used two incidents as a warning and a call to repentance.
i. Some told him as the Galileans whose blood Pilate had mingled with their sacrifices.
Jesus told them not to think that these Galileans were worse sinners then all other
Galileans. Unless they repent, they would likewise perish.
ii. He told them of 18 people upon whom the tower of Siwam fell and killed were not
worse sinners than other dwellers of Jerusalem. Unless they repented, they would
likewise perish.

(b) The parable of the fig tree (luke 13:6-9)

 A man had a fig tree in his vineyard.
 He came seeking fruit on it and found none. He said to the vinedresser to cut it down.
 The vinedresser told him to give it time. He would dig about it and put on manure.
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  If it bears fruit the following year, he would spare it, if not he would cut it down.

Lessons from the parable of fig tree

1. Those who hear the word of God should respond by repenting.
2. God gives people a second chance to repent.
3. Followers of Jesus are expected to work hard to be productive so as to be part of the
kingdom of God.

(c)
A crippled woman healed on the Sabbath (Luke 13:10-17)
 Jesus was teaching in one of the synagogues on a Sabbath.
 There was a woman who had a spirit of infirmity for 18 years.
 She was bent over and could not fully straighten herself.
 When Jesus saw her, called her and said to her, “woman you are freed from your infirmity”.
 He laid his hands upon her and immediately she was made straight. She praised God.
 The ruler of the synagogue was not happy because Jesus had healed on a Sabbath.
 He told the people to come for healing on the other six days but not on the Sabbath.
 Jesus called the ruler and hypocrite because they could untie their oxlass and lead them to
water.
 This woman, a daughter of Abraham, whom Satan had bound for 18 years, ought to have
been loosed on a Sabbath day.
 When he said this, his enemies were put to shame.
 All people rejoiced at the glorious things he had done.

Lessons learnt from the cure of the crippled woman on a Sabbath

1. The incident showed that Jesus had come to liberate people from the bondage of Satan.
2. Human life is more important than keeping the rules.
3. The kingdom of God is enhanced when people sacrifice time to help others.

(d) The parable of the mustard seed (13:18-19)

 Jesus compared the growth of the kingdom of God to a mustard seed.
 He said that when a man plants a mustard seed, it grow and becomes a tree and birds make
their nets in its branches.
 Jesus told the parable to show that out of a small beginning, God creates a mighty kingdom.
Nations of the world will come together and find shelter.
 Once a mustard seed falls to the ground, it germinates quickly.
 Birds are attracted to them because they like to earth their seeds.
 Mustard plants are difficult to control once established.
 In the same way, once God’s kingdom is established it grows and spreads to all corners of
the earth. It attracts many people.

(e) The parable of the yeast (13:20-21)

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  Jesus told the parable of the yeast to show that the kingdom of God grows (unseen manner)
secretly.
 He compared the kingdom of God to a woman who takes some yeasts and mixes it with
flour till it was all leavened.
 The kingdom of God grows in people’s hearts.

Teachings about kingdom of God from the parable of the year and the mustard seed. Kcse 2005

 It grows/ keeps on expanding

 It is hidden/ mysterious/ secret
 It is powerful
 It is universal

(f) The Narrow door (13:22-30)

 Jesus went on his way through towns and villages, teaching and going towards Jerusalem.
 A person asked him whether just a few people would be saved.
 Jesus told them to go through the narrow door, because many people would try to go in but
would not.
 He said that the master of the house will close the door and those outside will not be able to
enter.
 Once the door is locked, no amount of persuasion will make the master open it.
 This will make many cry and gnash their teeth when they see Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and
all the prophets in the kingdom of God and them thrown out.
 People would come from all directions and sit at table in the kingdom of God.
 These who are now last will be first and those who are now first will be last.

Jesus anticipates His rejection (13:31-35)

 Jesus was advised by some Pharisees to go elsewhere because Herod wanted to kill him.
 Jesus told them to tell Herod (fox) that He would cast out demons and cure the sick for the
following 3 days.
 He also said that a prophet cannot perish away from Jerusalem.
 Jesus lamented over Jerusalem for repeatedly killing the prophets send by God.
 God wanted to protect Jerusalem in the same way a “hen gathers her blood under her
wings”. But the people would not.
 Since Jerusalem will reject Jesus, God will abandon Jerusalem and its Temple until the time
they say, “Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord.

A GREAT FEAST FOR ALL WHO ARE PREPARED

(a) Jesus heals a sick man (Luke 14:1-6)
 One Sabbath Jesus went to dine at the house of a ruler who belonged to the Pharisees.
 The Pharisees were watching him.
 There was a man before him who had dropsy.

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  Jesus spoke to the lawyers and Pharisees asking, “is it lawful to heal on the Sabbath or not?”
 They kept quiet.
 Jesus took the man, healed him and let him go.
 He asked them which of them having a son or an ox that has fallen into a well, will not
immediately pull him out on a Sabbath day.
 They could not reply to this.

(b) The invited guests (14:7-14)

 Jesus told a parable to those who were invited after marking how they chose the places of
honour.
 Jesus used this opportunity to teach them that when invited to a wedding feast, they should
not take seats of honour.
 They could be embarrassed when the honoured guests arrive and take up their places.
 Jesus taught that when invited, one should take the lowest place. The host may notice your
and elevate you to the seats of honour.
 Such an act would bring honour to an invited guest.
 Everyone who exalts himself will be humbled, and he who humbles himself will be exalted.
 Concerning those to be invited for a feast, Jesus said that one should not only invite their
relatives, friends or rich neighbours for they are likely to invite them back and they get
repaid.
 He advised them to invite the poor, the maimed, the lame and the blind. This would bring
more blessings because they cannot repay them. They would be repaid at the resurrection
of the just.

(c) The parable of the Great Feast (14:15-24)

 A man sitting at able with Jesus told him, “Blessed is he who shall eat bread in the kingdom
of God.
 Jesus responded by telling the parable of the Great Feast.
 A man had a great banquet and invited many.
 He sent his servant at the time of the banquet to tell the invited the meal was ready.
 All of them gave excuses.
 The first said he had bought a field and must go out to see it.
 Another said he had bought five yoke of oxen and must go to try them.
 The other said he had married a wife and could not go.
 The servant reported this to his master.
 The master in anger said to his servant, “Go out quickly to the streets and lanes of the city
and bring in the poor, the maimed, the blind and the lame”.
 The servant did as commanded and yet there was more room.
 The master told the servant to go to eh highways and hedges and comper people to come in
that the house may be filled.
 None of the invited would enter into the feast since they decided the invitation.

Reasons why Jesus used the parable of the great feast in his teaching in (Luke 14: 15-24). Kcse 2009

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 i. He wanted to explain that invitation to god’s Kingdom is open to many people.
ii. He wanted to show that the Jews were given the first chance to be part of god’s Kingdom
but they rejected.
iii. He wanted to show that people reject god’s call due to material possession/family
commitment which can be a stumbling block ones spiritual life.
iv. He wanted to show that gentiles/outcasts are called to God ‘s Kingdom to replace the non
responding Jews.
v. He needed to explain that the God’s invitation/call are extended to many people/god offers
universal salvation.
vi. So as to explain that those who refuse/do not accept god’ call will not receive blessing of
god’s Kingdom/will not enter the kingdom of god.
vii. He wanted to challenge the Jews /Pharisees who counted themselves as righteous yet they
failed to respond to God’s call.

The teaching that Jesus made to the guests at the Pharisees house in (Luke 14: 1-14). Kcse 2009

i. Saving a life can be done on a Sabbath day

ii. It well to respond to an emergency even on a Sabbath
iii. Human life is more important than the animal which the Pharisees accept to rescue on the
Sabbath day.
iv. It is good for to humble him/sit in lowly place when invited
v. Those who exalt themselves will be humbled those who humble themselves will be exalted.
vi. It is blessed to invite the poor/maimed/lame /blind tot the feast instead if ones
relatives/friends who can invite you in return
vii. Those who do good for the less fortunate will be repaid during the resurrection of the just.

(d) The cost of discipleship (14:25-35)

A multitude accompanied him and he turned and taught that to be his disciple one has to:-
i. Love him more than he loves his father, mother, wife, children, brothers and sisters and
even his own life.
ii. Bear his own cross and follow him.
iii. Think carefully and plan as one does when costing a building scheme or preparing for a
military attack.
iv. Renounce all that he has/give up everything.
v. Maintain the zeal for following Jesus. If salt has cost its taste it is thrown away.

Teaching of Jesus on the cost of discipleship. Kcse 1999

 Take up the cross and follow Jesus. /Be ready to suffer.

 Be ready to die for the sake of the kingdom
 Should not be ashamed of Jesus.
 Follow him without expecting material gains.
 Let the dead bury their dead/be ready to proclaim the kingdom.
 Should not look back/nobody who takes the plough and looks back is fit for the kingdom.
 Separate yourself from even family members/be fully committed.

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RETRIEVING THE LOST (LUKE 15: 1-32)
 Tax collectors and sinners drew near to hear Jesus.
 The Pharisees and the scribes murmured saying, “This man receives sinners and eats with
them”.
 He told them the following 3 parables.

(a) The parable of the lost sheep (15:4-7)

 Jesus told them that if one of them had a 100 sheep, and one of them ghost lost, he would
leave the 99 to search for the lost until he finds it.
 When he gets the lost sheep, he lays it on his shoulders rejoicing.
 When he comes home, he calls together his friends and neighbours to rejoice with them.
 There will be more joy in heaven over one sinners who repents then over 99 righteous
people who need no repentance.

(b) The parable of the lost coin (15:8-10)

 Jesus told the parable of the cost coin by asking, “or what woman, having ten silver coins, if
she loses one coin, does not light a lamp and sweep the house and seek diligently until she
finds it”.
 When she finds it, she calls together her friends and neighbours to rejoice with them.
 There is joy before the angles of God over one sinner who repents.

The teachings of Jesus in the parables of the lost sheep and lost coin. Kcse 1998

1. Jesus came to save all from their infirmities/ ailments/sicknesses

2. He was the son of God
3. Healed people who had faith in Him
4. He healed through command
5. Christians should be grateful to God for the blessings he bestows upon them
6. Christian should forgive one another
7. Christian should go out and seek for sinners.

(c)
The parable of the lost son (15:11-32)
 There was a man who had two sons.
 The younger asked his father to give him the share of his property.
 The father divided the property between the two sons.
 The younger son gathered all he had and went to a far country. There he squandered his
property in living loosely.
 After spending everything, a great famine arose in that country.
 He was employed to feed swine. He fed on what the swine were eating since no one gave
him anything.
 When he came to himself, he remembered that the servants in his fathers home had more
than they could eat.

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  He made up his mind to go back home to his father and tell him, “Father, I have sinned
against heaven and before you. I am no longer worthy to be called your son, treat me as one
of your hired servants”/
 He began his way home and while he was a distance away, his father saw him, had
compassion, ran and embraced him and kissed him.
 He told his father, “father I have sinned against heaven and before you, I am no longer
worthy to be called your son”.
 His father told his servants to bring the best robe and put in on him, put a ring on his hand,
shoes on his feet, kill the fatted calf so as to eat and merry.
 He said his son was dead and is alive again, was lost and is found.
 They began to make merry.
 The older son who was in the field heard music and dancing on his way home.
 He was angry and refused to go in because of what his father had done to the lost brother.
 His father explained to him why he had to hold a feast for his brother. He complained that
his father had not held a feast for him though he was faithful to him.
 The father told him that everything he had belonged to him. The feast was necessary
because his brother was alive and had come back home.

Reasons why Jesus used the parable of the lost son in his teaching. Kcse 2006

1. To encourage sinners to accept the word of God

2. To show consequences of loose living
3. To encourage people to realize their sinfulness / be willing to repent/ reconcile
4. To teach about God’s love for all people/ kingdom of God is for all people
5. To show God’s unconditional forgiveness
6. To warn against judging others/ condemning them
7. To teach his audience the need to rejoice for/ welcome repentant sinners
8. He wanted to encourage families to live in harmony / unity

The qualities of God from the parable of the prodigal son

1. God is a God of freedom i.e. He has given human beings the freedom to choose as the father
granted the wishes of the younger son.
2. God responds to the wishes, prayers and requests of human beings as the father listened to
the wishes of his son
3. God is a loving father i.e. God’s love is unlimited as the father loved his sons.
4. God is always concerned about the lost or sinners as the father was looking forward to the
return of His son
5. God is merciful or compassionate and ready to receive those who repent as the father
welcomed his son.
6. God is happy and rejoices when the repentant sinner goes back to Him or when the lost are
found as the father celebrated the return of his son.
7. God is firgiving as the father forgave his son.
8. God does not discriminate against some people just as the father did not discriminate any of
his children.

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 9. God is generous as shown by the fact that the father gave a portion of his property to his
younger son and told the elder son that all that he had was his.
10. God is mysterious. The older son could not understand why the father was doing what he
was doing.
11. God provides each individual’s needs as the father asked his servants to place a ring on his
son’s finger and provide him with new clothes.
12. God knows and understands each individual’s needs as the father knew the needs of his
sons.

Lessons Christians learn from the parable of the prodigal son. Kcse 2000

 Christian should be ready to forgive one another

 Should repent ones sins
 Sin do separate us from God the source of true happiness
 There is rejoice in heaven/angels rejoice over repentant sinners
 Should not feel self-righteous
 Christians should accept/welcome repentant sinners
 Sin makes us loose human dignity
 Christians should not place their trust in materials wealth

WEALTH, POVERTY, FAITH AND PRAYER

1. JESUS TEACHINGS ON WEALTH AND POVERTY
(a) The parable of the shrewd manager (Luke 16:1-13)
 Jesus told his disciples there was once a rich man who had a steward.
 Charges were brought to him that this man was wasting his goods.
 He called him and asked him to account for his stewardship. He intended to sack him.
 The shrewd manager knew that his master was going to sack him.
 He reasoned that he was not strong to dig and was ashamed to beg.
 He decided to make friends with some debtors so that they could take care of him when
sacked.
 One debtor owed his master a hundred measures of oil. He asked the debtor to change it to
fifty.
 The second debtor owed a hundred measures of wheat. He told him, to change it to eight.
 The master commanded the dishonest steward for his shrewdness.
 Jesus praised the shrewd managers not because of his dishonesty but because he acted
promptly and with great presence of mind in a moment of crisis.
 Jesus was challenging his listeners’ to take bold and wise moves since they were in a crisis.
 The coming of God’s kingdom was at hand.
 Jesus urged his listeners to use their wealth and possessions to secure eternal life (vs 9).
 He who is faithful in very little is faithful also in much, and he who is dishonest in very little
is dishonest also in much.
 Jesus was talking about being faithful even with little worldly wealth.
 He told them that it was not possible to serve God and money.
 The Pharisees, who were lovers of money scoffed at Jesus.
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  Jesus taught them that God does not value wealth and honour, what they consider as
important is nothing in God’s sight.
 Jesus emphasized the importance of observing the law.
 He cautions the Pharisees against allowing divorce because it encourages adultery, which
was against the law.

(b) The rich man and Lazarus (Luke 16:19-31)

 Jesus taught of a rich who dressed on expensive oaths and feasted sumptuously every day.
 At his gate lay a poor man named Lazarus, full of sores, and fed on what fell from the rich
man’s table.
 Dogs came and licked his sores.
 The poor man died and was carried by the angles to Abraham’s bosom.
 The rich man also died and was buried.
 While the rich man was in Hades, being in torment, he lifted up his eyes and saw Abraham
far off and Lazarus in his bosom.
 He called out on Abraham to have mercy on him and send Lazarus to dip the end of his
finger in water and cool his tongue.
 Abraham told him to remember how he received good things in his lifetime as Lazarus
suffered.
 It was Lazarus time to be comforted as himself suffered.
 There was a big chasm/gap between them.
 The rich man further pleaded with Abraham to send Lazarus to his father’s house/brothers
to warn them to live righteous life lost they suffer like him.
 Abraham refused by saying they have Moses and the prophets to listen to.
 Abraham told him if they can’t listen to Moses and the prophets, they can’t be convinced by
anyone who rise from the dead.
Reasons for this parable
1. Jesus gave the story to condemn these who do not use their wealth for the good of the
community e.g. helping the poor.
2. The parable illustrates the social responsibilities wealth brings.

The teaching of Jesus on the proper use of wealth. (Luke 16:19-31) kcse 2018
1. Jesus taught that wealth should be used to alleviate the suffering of others/help the needy.
2. Wealth should be used to spread the good news.
3. Wealth should be used to serve others/glorify God.
4. Wealth should not be used to buy unnecessary materials for luxuries when others are
suffering.
5. Proper use of wealth enables one to be rewarded in heaven.
6. Wealth should not be used to oppress/humiliate the poor.
7. Too much trust in wealth can prevent someone from having eternal life/entering the
kingdom of God.
8. Wealth is gift/blessing from God/Christians are custodians of wealth.
9. Wealth is temporary/not permanent.

Relevance of Jesus teaching on wealth and poverty to Christians

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 1. It is the duty of Christian to be concerned about the poor in the community.
2. The rich should know that it is their Christian duty to take care of the poor.
3. The rich should not love their riches more than they love God.
4. Christian are expected to use their wealth to maintain God’s work.
5. Christians should seek spiritual wealth more than material wealth.
6. The poor should accept themselves as they are God’s children.

Teachings on the use of wealth from the story of the Rich man and Lazarus. Kcse 1996
a. Wealth should not be used to buy luxuries when others are suffering languishing in
misery and poverty/ not for ones glory
b. Wealth should be sued to alleviate the suffering of others/ to help the poor and
the needy
c. The rich should show concern for the suffering of others
d. Wealth should be used to spread the good news/ Glorify God
e. Use the earthly wealth to acquire a place in the kingdom of God
f. Wealth should not be used to oppress humiliate the poor
g. Wealth should not be used selfishly/ should be shared

With reference to the story of the rich man and Lazarus, explain the teaching of Jesus on
responsibility to others. Kcse 2003

 Help the needy

 Use wealth to others
 Share resources with others
 Remember God when alive
 Glorify God using owns wealth

Ways in which Christians use their wealth today

1. To promote the spread of the Gospel.
2. To assist the victims of disaster-hit areas.
3. To build homes for destitute.
4. To provide medical services.
5. To promote education and training.
6. To give offerings and tithes to the church.
7. To create employment opportunities.
8. To invest money in community projects.

Ways in which people misuse their money

a) Using it for intoxication or engaging in alcohol and drug abuse.
b) Indulging in immoral practices such as prositution or extra-marital sex.
c) Using it to buy luxuries e.g. expensive clothes and cars.
d) Using money in gambling or in dangerous sports.
e) Using money to frustrate, exploit, or oppress others.
f) Using the money to bribe in order to get out of legal problems e.g. bribing judges and
magistrates.
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 g) Using money to buy positions, power or status.
h) Wealthy people giving a lot of money to their young children who cannot use it responsibly.
i) Using money to lure others e.g. young people to engage in immoral practices.

Reasons why Christians should not involve themselves in gambling

a) Gambling enables one to get money/ wealth without working for it.
b) In gambling, one’s gain leads to another person’s loss.
c) It creates bitterness in the one who loses.
d) The Bible condemns gambling/ unfair interests.
e) It involves taking advantage of the ignorant players.
f) There is no security on the wealth/ money puts on gambling.
g) It is addictive/ can become a compulsive habit.
h) It can interfere with family budget/priorities / can cause misunderstanding in the family/
friends.
i) It can lead to violence/ loss of life.
j) It can lead to stress/ illness.
k) It can lead to poverty.
l) Its time wasting at the expense of productive work.

2. THE POWER OF FAITH

(a) Jesus’ teaching on sin (Luke 17:1-4)
 Jesus warns the disciples against leading weaker believers to sin, as this would undermine
their faith.
 He says it would be better for such a person to be thrown into the sea with a milestone
around his neck.
 They were to forgive those who wrong them constantly-even if it is 7 times in a day.
 To be able to forgive 7 times in a day requires strong faith.

(b) Jesus teaching on faith (17:5-6)

 The apostle asked Jesus to increase their faith.
 Jesus responded by telling them that if they had faith as a grain of mustard seed, they could
tell a sycamore tree to uproot itself and be planted in the sea of it would obey you.

Reasons why Christians should have faith in God. Kcse 2013

1. God fulfils the promises he makes to human beings;

2. Faith is a requirement for all Christians;
3. Those who pray in faith receive their request;
4. Christians are dependent on God for all things;
5. Faith is a sign of commitment to God/helps Christians to grow spiritually;
6. It is through faith, in God that Christians can perform miracles/great things;
7. Christians who have faith in God can be saved /healed;
8. Faith in God helps Christians to overcome temptations/face challenges/persecutions.
9. Faith in God enables the Christians to wait patiently for second coming of Jesus/Kingdom
of God
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 (c) A servant’s Duty (17:7-10)
 Jesus taught that a servant’s duty is to serve his master and can only relax when there is no
work to do.
 The servant does not deserve thanks from his/her master for obeying orders.
 In the Jewish culture, a servant did not earn a wage and could not demand favours for
duties performed.
 A servant would not be invited to dine with the master nor encouraged to relax when there
was work to be done.
 The disciples were being reminded they were God’s servant if they have faith, they would
understand that they owe everything they have to God.
 They should not expect to receive thanks from God for performing God-given
duties/responsibilities.

(d) Jesus Heals Ten Lepers (17:11-19). Kcse 2012/2016/2019

 Jesus was on his way to Jerusalem
 He met ten lepers/men who were suffering from leprosy.
 The men stood at a distance/shouted at Jesus to have mercy on them.
 Jesus told them to go and show themselves to the priests.
 As they went, they were healed/cleansed.
 One of them, a Samaritan came praising God/thanked Jesus
 Jesus asked where the other nine were.
 Jesus wondered at the fact that only a foreigner returned to give praise to God.
 Jesus asked him to rise/go his way for his faith had made him well.

(e) The coming of the Kingdom (17:20-37)

 Jesus was asked by the Pharisees when the kingdom of God would come.
 He answered them that the kingdom of God is not coming with signs to be observed.
 The kingdom of God is in our midst.
 He told the disciples that days will come when they would desire to see one of the days of
the son of Man and they would not see it.
 The day of the son of man would come the way lighting flashes across the sky from one end
to another.
 However, before this day, the son of man must suffer and be rejected by the people of his
time.
 Jesus likened his rejection to the time of Noah and lot when people went on with daily
activities without heeding or noticing the dangers awaiting them.
 During Noah’s time, they were punished with floods and with fire during lot’s time.
 The day of the son of man will be a day of suffering.
 On that day, let him who is on the housetop not come down to take his things. The one in
the field should not turn back.

Jesus teaching on the power of faith. Kcse 2012/2016

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 i) Faith gives believers strength to overcome temptations/sin.
ii) It enables them to forgive each other constantly
iii) It makes even the weakest strong.
iv) Enables believers to perform their duties without expecting material rewards.
v) Faith enables believers to work tirelessly because there is a lot of work to be done.
vi) Faith leads to physical healing.
vii) Faith enables believers to show gratitude to God for his blessings/benefits they
have received from Him.
viii) It enables them to experience the kingdom to God in their hearts.
ix) It enables believers to enter the kingdom of God/receive eternal life.

Significance of faith to Christian life

1. God expects Christians to obey and have absolute faith in him.
2. Christian should have faith in Jesus Christ by following His teachings and doing His will.
3. Christian needs to be fully committed to Jesus so that their faith can continue to be
strengthened.
4. Christian needs strong faith to be able to forgive others, especially those who repeatedly
wrong them.
5. Faith in Jesus brings healing, peace and restoration. The ten lepers were healed because of
their faith in Jesus.
6. Christians need faith to discover the power of God’s kingdom within their hearts.
7. Christian should pray for strong faith that will help them to journey through life until the
second coming of Christ.

Ways in which Christians demonstrate their faith in God. Kcse 2019

1. Christians pray to God/pronounce blessings in the name of God.
2. They give offerings/tithe.
3. They confess/repent their sins/forgive others.
4. By building places of worship
5. They undergo baptism/partake of the Holy communion.
6. By visiting places perceived to be holy/sacred.
7. By obeying the teachings of Christ/commandments/reading the word of God.
8. Caring for God’s creation/helping the needy.
9. Composing/singing songs to God.
10. Dedicating their lives/time to serve God in various positions/preaching the gospel.

3. PERSISTENCE IN PRAYER (LUKE 18:1-14)

a) The parable of the widow and the unjust judge (18:1-8). Kcse 2013
1. There .was a judge who neither feared God nor regarded man;
2. There was a widow who kept on coming to the judge to settle a case between her and
her adversaries;
3. The judge at first refused to grant the request of the widow;
4. The widow did not give up/persisted on her request
5. The judge was afraid of getting warned out by the widow's insistence;
6. The judge finally accepted to grant the widow her request;
7. Jesus said the God would vindicate/grant the request of those who pray to Him
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Persistently;
8. Jesus said that God responds to those who pray to Him in faith speedily.

Lessons from the parable

1. Christian should always pray and never give up.
2. Christians should pray with courage and faith.
3. Christians are supposed to give justice to those who deserve it.

b) The parable of the Pharisees and the tax collector (18: 9-14), kcse 2011
(i) Two men went into the Temple to pray, a Pharisee and a tax collector.
(ii) The pharisee praised himself in prayer.
(iii) He said he was holy / better than others / tax collector.
(iv) The tax collector also prayed but could not lift his eyes to heaven.
(v) The tax collector beat his breast saying he is a sinner / asked for God's mercy.
(vi) It was the prayer of the tax collector that was accepted / the tax collector was justified
(vii) Jesus concluded by saying that whoever exalts himself will be humbled / whoever
humbles himself will be exalted.

Lessons
1. Christians learn to approach God in humility.
2. Christian learns to put their trust in God and not their religious achievements.
3. Christians should not regard other people with contempt/not judge others.
4. Christian should realize they are sinners and repent/seek forgiveness.
5. Those who exalt themselves will be humbled but those who humble themselves will be
exalted.

Reasons why Christian pray. Kcse 2011

(i) To show their dependence in God / faith in God
(ii) To express the power /greatness of God /adore / honour God
(iii) They pray to ask for their needs / seek guidance.
(iv) Through prayer, they confess their sins / ask for forgiveness.
(v) To thank God for his faithfulness / goodness / blessings.
(vi) Prayer helps to relieve fears / anxiety / worries.
(vii) It is an instrument through which the work of satan is destroyed.
(viii) To communicate with God / have fellowship with God.
(ix) To follow the example of Jesus.
(x) It is a command from God / a sign of obedience

4.THE WAY TO SALVATION (LUKE 18:15-19:27)

a)Jesus blesses little children (18:15-17)
 People brought children to Jesus that he might touch them and bless them.
 When the disciples saw it, they rebuked them.
 Jesus called the children to himself saying, “let the children come to me and do not hinder
them; for to such belongs the kingdom of God”.
 Jesus said whoever does not receive the kingdom of God like a child shall not enter it.

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  Jesus uses this incident to teach that we need qualities like those of a child S.G dependence,
curiosity, humility and trust.

b) The rich young ruler (18:18-30)

 A ruler asked Jesus what he would do to inherit eternal life.
 He addressed Jesus as ‘Good Teacher’ but Jesus refused to be called good because this is an
honour for God only.
 Jesus reminded the rich ruler the commandments.
 The rich ruler explained that he had kept the commandments since he was young.
 Jesus then told him to go and sell everything he had, give it to the poor, then some and
follow Him.
 When he heard this, he became sad, for he was very rich.
 Jesus observed that, “How hard it is for those who have riches to enter the kingdom of God!
For it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter the
kingdom of God”.
 Those who heard it said, “Then who can get saved?”
 Jesus said that what is impossible with men in possible with God.
 Peter said, “Then who can get saved?”
 Jesus said that what is impossible with men is possible with God.
 Peter said they had left their homes and followed him.
 Jesus said to them that there is no man who has left house or wife or brothers or parents or
children, for the sake of the kingdom of God who will not receive manifold more in this
time, and in the age to come eternal life.

c) Jesus speaks a third time about his death (18:31-34)

 Jesus took his 12 disciples aside.
 He told them they were going to Jerusalem where everything written about Him by the
prophets will be accomplished.
 He will be delivered to the Gentiles, will be mocked, shamefully treated and spit on.
 They will scourge him, kill him and on the third day he will rise.
 The disciples did not understand these things.

d) Jesus heals a blind beggar (18:35-43)

 When Jesus drew near Jericho, a blind man was sitting by the roadside begging.
 When he heard the crowd passing, he wanted to know what was happening.
 The people told him Jesus of Nazareth was passing by.
 He shouted, “Jesus son of David, have mercy on me!”
 Those who were in front rebuked him, telling him to be silent, but he cried out all the more,
son of David, have mercy on me!”
 Jesus stopped, and commanded him to be brought to him.
 When he came near, he asked him, “What do you want me to do for you?”
 He said, “Lord, let me receive my sight”.
 Jesus told him, “Receive your sight; your faith has made you well”.
 Immediately he received his sight of followed him glorifying God.
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  All people, when they saw it, gave praise to God.

e) Jesus and Zachaeus (19:1-10)

 Jesus was passing through Jericho.
 There was a man called Zachaeus, a chief tax collector and rich.
 He sought to see who Jesus was, but could not because of the crowd as he was small of
stature.
 He ran ahead, and climbed up a sychamore tree to see Jesus as he passed that way.
 When Jesus came to the place, he looked up and told him, “Zachaeus, make haste and come
down, for I must stay at your house today”.
 Zachaeus made haste and came down, and received him joyfully.
 When people saw this they murmured saying Jesus had gone to be the guest of a sinner.
 Zachaeous stood and told Jesus he would give half of his goods to the poor, and it he
defrauded anybody of anything, he would pay four times.
 Jesus told him, “Today salvation has come to this house, since he also is a son of Abraham?’
 The son of man came to seek and to save the lost.

f) The parable of the Gold coins (19:11-27)

 When Jesus was about to enter Jerusalem, he told his disciples and the people listening the
parable of the gold coins.
 The people thought the kingdom of God was to appear immediately.
 He said a noble man went to a far country to receive a kingdom and then return.
 He called ten of his servants, gave them ten pounds to trade with them till he came.
 But his citizens hated him and sent a message that they did not want him to rule them.
 He returned after receiving the kingdom and commanded to have the servants he had given
money to know their gains after trading.
 The first came before him and told him he had traded with one pound and got ten more.
 The master called him good servant for his faithfulness in little. He was to be in charge of
ten cities.
 The second had traded 5 more pounds with one pound. He was given authority over five
cities.
 Another servant had kept his masters pound in a napkin. He called his master a severe man
who reaps where he did not saw.
 The master was annoyed with the servant for failing to invest his money. He ordered that
the gold coin be taken away from him and be given to the one with ten pounds.
 The master said that to everyone who has more will be given, but from him who has
nothing, even what he has will be taken away.
 He said the enemies who did not want him to reign over them, would be destroyed.

Lessons Christian learn from the parable of the ten pounds. Kcse 2012

i) Christians should use the abilities that God has given them for the benefit of others.
ii) Christians will be rewarded according to their performances.
iii) Christians have been given different gifts/abilities by God.

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 iv) Christians will give an account of how they used their abilities.
v) Christians need to be obedient/honest.
vi) God expects Christians to use opportunities provided for His glory.
vii) Christians will lose their abilities if not put to use/punished.

Relevance of Jesus teaching on salvation to Christians

a. Christians should believe in the saving power of Jesus Christ. To seek eternal life, they are
expected to repent their sins for forgiveness.
b. The death of Jesus Christ and his resurrection makes it possible for Christians to receive
eternal life.
c. To enter God’s kingdom, Christians have to be humble.
d. Christians also learn that wealth should not be a barrier to inheriting eternal life.
e. Christians should use wealth to serve the needy.
f. Christians should obey God’s commandments so as to receive salvation.
g. Christians should use their ability/talent to glorify God.
h. Christians should be ready to give an account.

Actions which show that Jesus loved the needy. Kcse 2002

(i) He called ordinary people to be his disciples

(ii) Healed the sick
(iii) He fed the hungry
(iv) He preached the good news
(v) He visited the lonely/ consoled
(vi) Mixed with sinners/ outcasts/ lowly
(vii) Died for sinners
(viii) Forgave the sinners

THE JERUSALEM MINISTRY

JESUS TEACHES IN JERUSALEM
1. JESUS TRIUMPHANT ENTRY INTO JERUSALEM (LUKE 19:28-40). Kcse 2014

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  When Jesus came to Mt.Olives, he sent two of his disciples/he gave instructions about a colt
which they were to bring to Him
 The disciples found the colt /untied it
 The owner of the colt sought to know where it was being taken
 The disciples told them that the Lord needed it
 The disciples brought the colt to Jesus /put their garments on its back /set Jesus on it.
 As Jesus went along on the colt, people spread their garments on the road where he passed
 The whole crowd of disciples praised/glorified God joyfully in loud voices for all the mighty
works they had seen
 Jesus answered them that if the disciples kept quiet, the stones would cry out

Lessons learnt
1. Christians should always be humble and ready to serve others as Jesus did.
2. Christian should prepare and be ready to receive Jesus in their lives like the disciples did.
3. Christian should emulate Jesus and be channels of peace in their communities.
4. Church leaders should be servants of their followers should not use their positions to
intimidate others.
5. Christian should expect opposition/resistance as they evangelize.
6. Christian should thank and praise God in their lives as the disciples did.
7. Christians should be bold as they witness for Jesus like the disciples that followed Jesus.

2. THE CLEANSING OF THE TEMPLE (19:41-48)

a) Jesus weeps over Jerusalem (17:41-44)
 When Jesus drew near and saw the city he wept over it, saying, “would that even today you
knew the things that make for peace! But now they are hid from your eyes?.
 He said that days shall come upon them when enemies would surround them on every side.
 The enemies would dash them to the ground/destroy them.
 No stone would be left upon another because they did not recognize the time of God’s
visitation.

b) Jesus cleanses the Temple (Luke 19:45-48)

 Jesus entered the Temple and began to drive out those who said.
 He said, “it is written, my house shall be a house of prayer, but you have made it a den of
robbers”.
 Jesus was teaching daily in the Temple.
 The chief priests and the scribes and the principal men of the people sought to destroy him.
 They did not find anything they could be because all people hung upon Jesus words.

Lessons learnt from the cleansing of the Temple

1. Christian should respect the house of God and use it appropriately.
2. Christian leaders should avoid exploiting members through asking for excessive
contributions.

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 3. Christians should pay more attention to inward righteousness than external observance of
rituals.
4. Christians should have the courage like Jesus to condemn evil practices by leaders in church
and society.

How Christians show honour and respect to places of worship

a. Through Church offerings.
b. Contributing to the establishment and maintenance of church structures.
c. Keeping the places clean.
d. Respecting those responsible for maintenance i.e. church leaders.
e. Attending worship services.
f. Condemning evil practices that take place in the church.

3. JESUS’ CONFLICTS WITH THE JEWISH LEADERS (LUKE 20:1-21:1-4)

a) The question about Jesus’ authority (Luke 20:1-8)
 One day as Jesus was teaching the people in the Temple and preaching the gospel, the chief
priests and the scribes came to him.
 They asked Jesus to tell them by what authority He taught.
 Jesus answered with a counter question, “I also will ask you a question; now tell me, was the
baptism of John from heaven or from men?”
 They discussed with one another, saying, “If we say, from howen, he will say, I why did you
not believe him? But if we say, ‘From men’, all the people will stone us; for they are
convinced that John was a prophet”.
 They said they did not know where John’s authority was from.
 Jesus told them he would neither tell them by what authority he did these things.

b) The parable of the Tenants (20:9-18)

 Jesus taught the parable of the tenants.
 A man planted a vineyard and let it out to tenants and went to another country for a long
time.
 When the time came, he sent a servant to the tenants to give him some fruit of the
vineyard.
 The tenants beat him and sent him away empty-handed.
 He sent another servant. They also beat him, treated him shamefully and sent him away
empty-handed.
 He sent a third servant. They wounded him and cast him out.
 The owner of the vineyard said he would send his beloved son, may be they would respect
him.
 When the tenants saw the son, they said he was the heir and would kill him to inherit his
property.
 They cast him out of the vineyard and killed him.
 Jesus said, the owner of the vineyard would come and destroy the tenants and give the
vineyard to others.
 The Jewish leaders on hearing this said, “God forbid”.
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  Jesus looked at them and said to them that the stone the builders rejected had become the
head of the corner.
 Everyone who falls on it will be broken to pieces, but when it falls on any one it will crush
him.
 The parable is about Jesus rejection by the Jewish religious leaders.
 God is the owner of the vineyard.
 The vineyard is Israel and the tenants are the Jewish leaders.
 The servant beaten up-prophets.
 The son-Jesus.
 Jesus is the son of God and his authority comes from God.
 Death of the son-killing of Jesus in the hands of Jewish leader’s stone rejected by builders-
Jesus.

c) Paying taxes of Caesar (20:19-26)

 The scribes and the chief priests tried to lay hands on him at that very hour, but they feared
the people for they thought Jesus had told the parable against them.
 They watched him and sent spies who pretended to be sincere to listen to what he dais, so
as to deliver him to the authority (governor).
 They asked Jesus it was lawful to give tribute to Caesar or not.
 Jesus knew their craftiness and asked them for a coin.
 He asked them whose image/inscription it had.
 They said “Caesar’s”.
 He told them to render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s and to God the things that are
God’s.
 They were not able to catch him by what he said.
 They marveled at his answer and were silent.

d) The question about the resurrection (20:27-40)

 Some Sadducees came to him (they don’t believe in resurrection)
 They asked Jesus a question on Levirate marriage, wife inheritance.
 In this case these were seven brothers; the first took a wife, and died without children.
 The 2nd up to the 7th took her and left no children and died.
 Afterward the woman also died.
 They asked in the resurrection, whose wife the woman will be because the 7 had her as a
wife.
 Jesus told them the sons of this age marry but those worthy for the resurrection from the
dead neither marry nor are given in marriage.
 They cannot die anymore because they are equal to angels and are sons of God, being sons
of the resurrection.
 The dead are raised. He gave the incident of the call of Moses where he called God a God of
Abraham, Isaac and Jacob.
 He is not God of dead, but of the living.
 The scribes said Jesus had spoken well.
 They no longer dared to ask him any question.
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Lessons Christians learn from the reply to the Sadducees question on the resurrection. Kcse 1999

 In life after death there is no marriage/no husband-wife relationship

 They should live with a hope for a better future.
 God is the god of the living
 Through resurrection Christians become sons of god
 After resurrection there is no death/immortality.
 The righteous will recurrent and live eternally.
 At resurrection Christians are like angles.

e) The question about the Messiah (20:41-44)

 Jesus asked His opponents a question, “How can they say that the Christ is David’s son?”
 David in the book of Psalms said, “The Lord said to my Lord, sit at my right hand, till I make
the enemies a stool for thy feet”.
 The first Lord- God
 The second Lord-the Messiah.
 David himself called the Messiah his Lord, the title “son of David” is an inadequate
description of the Messiah.

f) Jesus warns against the Teachers of the Law (10:45-47)

 In the hearing of all the people, Jesus told his disciples to be aware of the scribes:
They liked to go about in long robes.
They liked greetings in the market places.
They liked the best seats in the synagogues and places of honour at feasts.
They took advantage of widows and pretended by making long prayers.
 They would receive the greater condemnation.

g) The widow’s offering (21:1-4)

 Jesus looked up and saw the rich putting their gifts into the treasury.
 He saw a poor widow put in two copper coins.
 Jesus said, “Truly I tell you, this poor widow has put in more than all of them, for they all
contributed out of their abundance, but she out of her poverty put in all the living that she
had”.

Areas of conflict between Jesus and the Jewish religious leaders. Kcse 1998

(i) The Sabbath- The law said no work should be done on the Sabbath day BUT, Jesus healed
on the Sabbath healed on the Sabbath declaring that he is the of the Sabbath (saving human
life is more important than keeping the laws of the Sabbath).
(ii) The divinity of Jesus- Jesus claimed to be equal to God (The father and
I are one” )/ He had the power to forgive sins. But the Pharisees reasoned that a holy
person associate with sinners/outcasts- The Pharisees reasoned that a holy person associate
with sinners who are outcasts.
(iii) Jesus association with sinners/outcasts-The Pharisees reasoned that a holy person associate
with sinners who are outcasts.
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(iv) Jesus teachings- Jesus directly condemned the religious practices of the Pharisees/He called
them blind leaders/hypocrites/white washed tombs, But this abuse ultimately brought
hatred for Jesus (He spoke of destroying the temple and rebuilding it in three days)/ any
other relevant teaching.
(v) Jesus claim to be a Mesiah – The Pharisees expected a political conquering messiah. But
Jesus stated that he was humble serving Messiah/ His concern was for the spiritual kingdom
(as a result the Pharisees were confused and could not read and interpret the signs of the
time).
(vi) The popularity of Jesus brought him into conflict with Jewish religious leaders who were
afraid of losing their own authority.
(vii) Jesus failure to observe the traditions of elders (e.g fasting /not washing hand before
meals).
Jesus style of doing things e.g cleansing the temple/ teaching with authority brought him
into conflict with Jewish religious leaders

4. JESUS TEACHING ABOUT ESCHATOLOGY (21:5-38)

The word eschatology is derived from the Greek word Eschatos with means end. Eschatology is the
study of the end times.
(a) The prophecy on the Destruction of the Jerusalem Temple (21:5-6)
 Some disciple’s spoke of the Temple, how it was decorated and the offerings made to God
there.
 Jesus foretold the destruction of Jerusalem Temple by saying a time would come when no
stone would be left upon another.
(b) The signs of the end times (21:7-19)
The disciples wondered when the destruction of the Temple would take place. This led Jesus to talk
about the signs of the end times.

Signs of the end times as taught by Jesus according to Luke (21:5-38) kcse 2018
1. Strange beings will happen to the celestial bodies/sun/moon/stars.
2. People will come claiming to be the Messiah.
3. There will be wars between nations.
4. Natural calamities like earthquakes/roaring of the seas will occur.
5. The followers of Christ will be hated/persecuted.
6. There will be famine/pestilence.

c)The destruction of Jerusalem (21:20-24)

 Jesus described the destruction of Jerusalem.
 Jerusalem would be surrounded by armies.
 He warned the people to flee from it. Those in Judea to flee to the mounts.
 Those inside the city were to depart and those out in the country were not to enter it.
 Jesus sympathized with those pregnant and those breasts feeding for they would suffer a
great deal.
 People would be killed and others be exiled.
 Jerusalem would then be destroyed.

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 d) The coming of the son of Man (21:25-28)
 Jesus told his disciples that be his coming of the son of man, there would be:
1. Signs in sun, moon and stars.
2. Upon the earth distress of nations.
3. Disruption of the sea.
4. Men fainting with fear as they witness the signs.
 Then they would see the son of man coming in a cloud with power and great glory.
 Jesus told the people not to fear but take the events courageously because their salvation
would be near.

e) The parable of the Fig Tree (21:29-33)

 Jesus told the disciples a parable of the fig tree to explain the reality of his coming.
 When the fig tree and other trees shed their leaves during winter. Everyone knows summer
is near.
 In the same way, before the coming of the son of Man, there will be signs that the end is
near.
 He told them that their generation would not pass away before the things take place.
 This refers to the destruction of Jerusalem which took place in TOAD when the Romans
destroyed Jerusalem.
 He finally said that heaven and earth would pass away, but his word would not pass away.

f)The need to be watchful (21:34-38)

 Jesus encouraged his disciples to lead a righteous life.
 They were to avoid too much feasting and drinking.
 They were not to be preoccupied with worries of this world.
 They were to be careful that the coming of the son of man may not catch them unawares.
 They were to be alert by praying to have strength to escape all the things that would take
place and to stand before the sons of man.
 Every day he was teaching in the Temple, but at night he went to Mt. Olivet.
 Early in the morning all the people came to him in the Temple to hear him.

Relevance of Teachings on Eschatology to Christians

 Christians should look forward with hope to Jesus Christ’s second coming.Nobody knows the
time or the hour not even Jesus Christ Himself.
 Christians should not listen to false prophets who may lead them astray.
 Christians should continue to pray so as to receive encouragement and protection from/
against evil.
 Christians should live righteous lives while waiting for the second coming of Jesus.
 Christians should stand firm in their faith so that they can’t be swayed and led astray by the
false prophets.

How Christians should prepare themselves for the second coming of Jesus Christ. Kcse 2018
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 i. Christians pray/fast in readiness for the second coming of Jesus.
ii. By accepting/confessing Jesus as their personal savior.
iii. Living holy lives/pursuing righteousness.
iv. Through preaching the gospel to others/winning souls for Christ.
v. Reading/practicing the word of God.
vi. By fellowshipping/encouraging one another.
vii. By helping the poor/needy.
viii. They confess/repent their sins.
ix. They partake the holy communion/breaking the bread.

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THE PASSION, DEATH AND RESURRECTION OF JESUS
1. THE LAST SUPPER
a) The plot against Jesus (Luke 22:1-6)
 The feast of unleavened bread (Passover) had drawn near.
 The chief priests and the scribes were seeking how to put Jesus to death for they feared
people.
 Satan entered into Judas Iscariot. He went away and conferred with the chief priests and
officers how he might betray him to them.
 They were happy and engaged to give him money.
 Judas accepted their offer and sought an opportunity to betray him to them in the absence
of the multitude.

b) The Lord’s supper

i. Preparation (Luke 22:7-13)
Preparations that Jesus made for the last supper. Kcse 2006

 Jesus sent Peter and John to prepare for the last supper/ Passover
 He instructed two disciples to go into the city/ Jerusalem
 He told them that they would meet a man in the city carrying a jar of water
 Jesus told them that they should follow the man into the house he would enter
 Once in the house, the disciples were to ask the owner/ householder to show them
the guest room
 Jesus told the disciples that the householder/ owner would show them a large
furnished upper room
 He instructed the disciples to prepare the room
 The disciples to prepare the meal
 Jesus together with his disciples sat down in the prepared room

ii. The incident in which Jesus had the last supper with his disciples (Luke 22:14-38) kcse
2017
1. When the hour came, Jesus sat at table with the disciples.
2. Jesus told the disciples that he had desired to eat the Passover with them before he
suffered.
3. He took a cup and gave thanks/he said “take this and divide it among yourselves”
4. He took bread, and when he had given thanks he broke it and gave it to them saying, “This is
my body which is given for you. Do this in remembrance of one”.
5. After supper he took sa cup of wine, saying, “This cup which is poured out for you is the new
covenant in my blood”.
6. Jesus told the disciples that one of them was going to betray him.
7. The disciples began to question one another which of them would betray him.
8. The disciples argued amongst themselves as to who was the greatest among them.
9. Jesus told them that the greatest is the one who serves.
10. Jesus told Simon that he would be tested by Satan/he would deny Jesus.
11. Jesus told Simon that he had already prayed for him to strengthen the others.
12. Jesus advised the disciples to have their bags/purses/swords.

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Activities during the last supper. Kcse 2008
 Jesus sat with his disciples at one table.
 He told them that he had desired to have the meal with them.
 He took the cup, gave thanks and asked the disciples to share.
 He also took bread, gave thanks, broke it and gave to them.
 He explained to them the meaning of the bread and wine/the bread was his body/the wine
was his blood that would seal the new covenant.
 He commanded the disciples to hold the ritual in memory of him.
 He informed them that he would be betrayed by one of them.
 He taught the disciples qualities of good leadership/humility/service to others.
 He told Simon that he would be tested by Satan/He told him that he had already prayed for
him.
 He asked Simon/Peter to strengthen others in their faith.
 Jesus told Peter that he would deny him three times before the cock crowed.
 He commanded the disciples to acquire swords/have their own provisions/ personal
belongings.

Give five reasons why it was necessary for Jesus to have the last supper with his disciple. Kcse
2005

 He wanted to inform them of his coming death

 He wanted to identify his betrayer
 To establish the institution of the Holy communion/ supper
 To bestow authority to the disciples
 To share the last meal with them
 To show that the bread and wine symbolized his body and blood respectively
 To institute the new covenant
 To identify Peter as the leader
 To warn them about coming persecution after his departure

Christians teachings about the Lord’s Supper. Kcse 1997

1. The Lord’s Supper was inaugurated by Jesus

2. It is celebrated Jesus death and resurrection/ memorial of crucified and risen Christ (
Anamnesis).
3. The Lord’s supper is a gift from the lord
4. It is a sacrifice of praise and thanks giving
5. It is the Church’s effective proclamation of God’s mighty acts and promises
6. It is a sign of the unity of the church/ believers
7. It is the new Paschal meal of the church/ the meal of the new covenant which Christ gave to
his disciple
8. It is a sacramental meal which by visible signs communities God’s love in Jesus Christ /
sacrament of Christ real presence
9. The bread is a symbol of the body of Christ which was crucified
10. The wine/ cup is a symbol of his blood which was shed/ blood of the new covenant.

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 11. It is a foretaste of Christ poising and of the final kingdom/ symbolic of the heavenly
banquets
12. It is central to Christian worship/ Eucharistic

Reasons why Jesus used bread and wine during the last supper. Kcse 2017
1. Jesus used bread because it was a common meal for the Jews.
2. He used bread because unleavened bread was used during the Jewish celebration of the
Passover.
3. He used wine because it was common drink for the Jews.
4. Jesus explained that the bread represented his body which would be broken for forgiveness
of sins.
5. He used wine to represent his blood that was to be shed for the sealing of the New
Covenant.
6. He used the bread to demonstrate that he is the bread of life/lamb for the sacrifice.
7. Jesus shared bread and wine as a sign of fellowship/unity/a preparation for the Messianic
banquet.
8. Jesus used the bread and wine to initiate the New Covenant.
9. Jesus used the bread and wine to institutionalize/demonstrate how the disciples would
practice the ritual in future.

c) An argument about greatness (Luke 22:24-30)

 An argument arose among the disciples about who was to be regarded the greatest among
them.
 Jesus said to them that the kings of the Gentiles exercise lordship ever them.
 He told them that the greatest among them was to become as the youngest, and the leaders
as one who serves.
 He emphasized that authority among them should be based on humble service.
 He noted that the disciples had continued with him in his trials.
 He assigned to them a kingdom as his father assigned to him a kingdom.
 They would be exalted in Jesus kingdom-to judge the 12 tribes of Israel.

d) Prediction of Peter’s Denial of Jesus (Luke 22:31-38)

 Jesus predicted that Satan had received permission to test the faith of all disciples.
 However, he had prayed for Peter’s faith not to fail.
 After the test Peter was expected to strengthen the other disciples after Jesus’ death and
resurrection.
 Peter said he was ready to go with Jesus to prison and even to death.
 Jesus told him that he would deny him three times before the lock crows.
 Jesus told the disciples that times had changed. When he sent them, they would depend on
people’s hospitality.
 But now onwards, they would meet hostility. He told them “let him who has no sword sell
his mantle and buy one”. (vs 36b).
 He said all that was written about him would be fulfilled.
 They took the information literally. They said “Look, lord here are two swords”.
 Jesus said to them, “It is enough”.

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The significance of the Lord’s supper to Christians
1. The Lords supper is related to the new covenant in the blood of Jesus. Everything Christians
celebrate it, they renew their faith in God and bind themselves to it.
2. Just as the blood of the sacrificial lamb saved the Israelites from destruction, so too does the
blood of Jesus save humankind.
3. Through the celebration of the Lord’s Supper, Christians also anticipate the second coming
of Jesus and the establishment of God’s kingdom.
4. The Lord’s Supper is an act of repentance through which Christian receives assurance of the
forgiveness of sins.
5. Jesus’ presence becomes a reality through the sharing of the bread and the wine.
6. It is a symbol of the heavenly feast which Christians will partake of in God’s kingdom.
7. The Lord’s Supper is also a sacrifice of praise and thanksgiving to God. It is a time for re-
dedication and self-renewal to Christ.

Reasons why Christians take part in the Holy Communion. Kcse 2002/2009/2017
1. Reminds them of the death and resurrection of Jesus
2. Proclaim the death and resurrection of Christ until he comes
3. Unites the believers
4. Helps them to rededicate themselves/ confess/ pray
5. Reminds them to God’s love humanity/ strengthen their faith
6. It is a thanksgiving for God’s saving act
7. It symbolizes the body and blood of Jesus
8. It is a foretaste of the second coming of Christ
9. It is a sign of purity of the believers of Christ
10. in Obedience to Jesus commands
11. It is a sign of the new covenant sealed in the blood of Christ
12. It is a foretaste of Messianic banquet.
13. Through the celebration Christians experience the Holy Spirit/presence of the Holy trinity.
14. It encourages the spirit of sharing/love.

2. (a) Prayer on mount of Olives (Luke 22:39-46)

 After celebrating the Lord’s Supper, Jesus left for the Mount Olives.
 Jesus’ disciples followed him.
 When Jesus came to the place he told his disciples to pray that they may not enter into
temptation.
 He withdrew from the disciples about a stone’s throw distance, knelt down and prayed.
 He prayed saying, “Father, if thou art willing, remove this cup from me: nevertheless not my
will, but thine, be done”.
 There appeared to him an angel from heaven, strengthening him.
 Being in agony, he prayed more earnestly and his sweat became like greater drops of blood
falling down upon the ground.
 When he rose from prayer, he came to the disciples and found them sleeping out of sorrow.
 He told them to rise and pray that they may not enter into temptation.

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Outline the events that took place on the Mount of Olives before the arrest of Jesus. Kcse 2007
 Jesus told the disciples to pray
 Jesus moved a distance away from the disciples
 Jesus knelt down and prayed
 An angel from heave strengthened him
 The disciples fell asleep
 Jesus awoke the disciples
 There came a crowd led by Judas one of his twelve disciples
 Judas wanted to kiss Jesus
 One of the disciples struck off a slave’s ear
 Jesus healed the man’s ear
 Jesus asked the religious leaders why they had come to arrest him as if he was a criminal

Outline the lessons that Christians learn from the incident when Jesus went to pray with
his disciples on the Mount of Olives. Kcse 2008
1. They should be prayerful.
2. They should put God’s will first/desire God’s will to be done in their lives.
3. They should depend on God for strength/support/guidance.
4. They should encourage others in their weaknesses.
5. They should be ready to suffer for God’s sake.
6. They should be watchful/alert for the enemy strikes when they least expect it.
7. They need to have close friends/associates that they can lean on.

(b)The betrayal and arrest of Jesus (22:47-53)

 While Jesus was still speaking, there came a crowd led by Judas one of the 12.
 He drew near to Jesus to kiss him.
 Jesus said to him, “Judas, would you betray the son of man with a kiss?”
 Jesus disciples requested him to allow them strike with a sword.
 One of the disciples struck the slave of the high priest and cut off his right ear.
 Jesus said, “No more of this!” He touched his ear and healed him.
 Jesus asked the chief priests and officers of the temple and elders why they came against
him with swords and clubs as if against a robber.
 He told them he was with them day after day in the temple and they did not arrest him.
 He also told them, “But this is your hour and the power of darkness”.

Reasons that made Judas Iscariot betray Jesus. Kcse 2006

3. Greed for money/ material possession

4. It was God’s will for the fulfillment of the scriptures to be realized
5. Judas was unable to overcome/ conquer the power of evil/ he was tempted by Satan
6. He was looking for fame/ recognition
7. He was unhappy with Jesus activities
8. He was an informer of the Jewish religious leaders
9. He was expecting a political messiah yet Jesus was a spiritual Messiah

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 10. THE DENIAL OF JESUS BY PETER (LUKE 22:54-65)
 Jesus was seized and led away. He was taken to the high priest’s house.
 Peter followed at a distance.
 There was fire lit in the middle of the courtyard and Peter sat among those who arrested
Jesus.
 A maid accused him to be among the followers of Jesus.
 Peter denied saying, “woman I do not know him”.
 A little later someone else saw him and said, “You also are one of them”. But Peter said,
“Man I am not”.
 After an interval of about an hour still another insisted that Peter was with Jesus for he is a
Galilean.
 Peter Said, “Man, I do not know what you are saying”.
 Immediately while he was still speaking, the cock crowed.
 Jesus turned and looked at Peter. Peter remembered the words of Jesus.
 He went out and wept bitterly.
 The men who were holding Jesus mocked and beat him.
 They also blindfolded him and asked him to prophesy who struck him.
 They spoke many other words against him, reviling him.

Give reasons why Peter denied Jesus. Kcse 2007

1. Peter was afraid of being arrested/killed

2. He was overcome by the devil/satan
3. The denial had been predicted by Jesus
4. Peter was confused by the turn of events
5. He was disappointed by the fact that Jesus did not fight back
6. He lacked faith in Jesus
7. He had not support /solidarity with other disciples

Lessons learnt
1. Christians should be remorseful.
2. Human beings are weak by nature.
3. Christian should be firm in their faith in Jesus.

(c) The trial of Jesus (Luke 22:66-23:1-25)

i. Interrogation before the council of Sanhedrin (Luke 22:66-71)
 Jesus was taken before the assembly of the elders (the Sanhedrin) in the morning.
 He was interrogated by the whole assembly which had representatives from among chief
priests and scribes.
 The council asked Jesus if he was the Christ (Messiah).
 Jesus told them, “if I tell you, you will not believe, and if I ask you, you will not answer.”
 He spoke of the son of man being seated at the right hand of the power of God.
 They all concluded he admitted to be the son of God.
 They considered him guilty of blasphemy whose penalty was death.

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 ii. The trial before Pilate (Luke 23:1-5)
 The whole assembly arose and brought him before Pilate.
 They began to accuse him of:
Inciting the people to revolt
Forbidding the payment of taxes to Caesar
Claiming to be the Messiah or king
 Pilate asked him if he was the king of the Jews. Jesus answered, “You have said so”.
 Pilate told the chief priests and the multitudes he had not found Jesus guilt.

iii. The trial before Herod (vs 6-12)

 Pilate asked if Jesus was a Galilean.
 When he learnt that Jesus belonged to Herod’s jurisdiction, he sent him to Herod, who was
in Jerusalem at that time.
 When Herod saw Jesus, he was very glad, and desired to see him and have some sign done
by him.
 He questioned Jesus but Jesus remained silent.
 The chief priests and the scribes stood by vehemently accusing him.
 Herod with his soldiers treated Jesus with contempt, mocked him and put a fine linen on
him and sent him back to Pilate.
 Herod and Pilate became friends with each other that day.

iv. Pilate’s judgement (vs 13-25)

 Pilate called together the chief priests and the rulers and the people. He told them he did
not find Jesus guilty of any crime.
 He said he would chastise him and release him.
 They demanded for the release of Barabbas who had been imprisoned for sedition against
Rome and murder.
 Pilate addressed them once more, desiring to release Jesus.
 They shouted out, “crucify, crucify him”.
 A third time he asked them what evil Jesus had done. He told them he would chastise him
and set him free.
 But they demanded that he be crucified and they prevailed.
 Pilate gave into their demand.
 He released Barabbas and delivered Jesus up to their will.

Reasons why Christians should be discouraged from taking part in mob justice. Kcse 2010
1. It does not give room to reason.
2. It is impulse/based on emotions.
3. It can lead destruction of poverty/life/it is violent physical injuries.
4. It is unbiblical/it lacks love/against law of the Lord.
5. It can be fueled by lies/malice/incitement
6. The victim is denied a change of defending himself/herself
7. It is a form of relation/revenge
8. It does not give room for forgiveness/reconciliation/rehabilitation

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 9. It can lead to bitterness/regret/psychological suffering.

Why did Pilate agree to have Jesus crucified?

1. He was afraid of a Jewish revolt.
2. He did not want to be disloyal to the Roman Emperor after learning that Jesus had been
accused of treason.
3. He washed his hands thus absolving himself of the guilt of having Jesus crucified.

Accusations made against Jesus during his trial (Luke 22:66-23:1-23). Kcse 2010
1. Jesus called himself the Christ/Messiah.
2. He claimed to be the son of God.
3. He was inciting people with his teaching.
4. He was opposing the payment of taxes to Caesar.
5. He had made himself the King of the Jews against the Roman authority.
6. Jesus had stirring up the people to revolt.
7. He was equating himself to god/blasphemy.

Lessons from Jesus Trial by Pilate. Kcse 1996

1. Jesus was innocent/ did not deserve death

2. Christians should not accuse other falsely
3. Should not be intimidated/ influenced by others to do/ say what they know is wrong
4. Should only do what is pleasing to God and not what pleases fellow human beings
5. Should strive for justice/ fairness regardless of the cost
6. Should be careful in judging/ accusing others/ passing judgment on others
7. Should give examples to others/ give guidance
8. Jesus is the messiah/ son of God.

Lessons learnt about Jesus Christ from the repentant thief.

a. Jesus was sinless/ innocent.
b. Jesus is the Messiah/ Lord/Son of God/Savior.
c. Forgives sin/ offers salvation to the repentant.
d. Gives eternal life/ the life and the resurrection.
e. Rewards those who have faith/those who trust in him.
f. Jesus is worth our praises/honour.

Steps taken by the Jewish leaders to make sure that Jesus was put to death
1. They paid Judas Iscariot to betray Jesus.
2. They brought false accusations against Jesus/ they accused Jesus of blasphemy which was
punishable by death.
3. They hurriedly tried him at night before people knew what was happening.
4. They framed a treason charge against Jesus when He appeared before Pilate/ accused Him
of sedition/ political charges/ they accused Him of refusing to pay tax.
5. They blackmailed Pilate into accepting their demands to have Jesus crucified.

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 6. They organized a mob to shout for the death of Jesus/ shouted for the release of Barabbas.
7. They crucified Him dead when they got permission from Pilate/ they nailed Him on the cross
when permission was granted by Pilate.

Ways in which Christians should respond to false accusations

1. Should pray for them/ pray for oneself.
2. Should take courage.
3. Should not revenge or retaliate against the accuser.
4. Seek biblical guidance or should seek divine intervention.
5. Should not give up nor be discouraged.
6. Should love the accuser in imitating Jesus.

Outline the events that took place from the time Jesus was arrested up to the time he was
sentenced to die. Kcse 2014
1. Jesus was taken to the house of the high priest
2. Peter denied Jesus three times
3. Jesus was mocked/ beaten /blindfolded
4. Jesus was taken to the Sanhendrin /they made religious accusations against him
5. Jesus was taken to Pilate/they made political accusations against him
6. He was sent to Herod who questioned Jesus/ridiculed/dressed him in a royal robe
7. Pilate said that he had not found Jesus guilty
8. Pilate chose to have Jesus flogged/chastised
9. The crowd shouted that Jesus should be crucified/demanded release of Barabas
10. Pilate surrendered Jesus to be crucified

c) The crucifixion of Jesus (Luke 23:26-43)

 As they led Jesus away, they seized Simon of Cyrene and laid on him the cross of Jesus.
 A great multitude followed him women cried for him.
 Jesus turned to them and told them not to weep for him but for themselves and their
children.
 The judgement would be so terrible that to have children was a great shame and tragedy.
 Jesus used a metaphor of green wood to refer to His crucifixion while dry wood to refer to
the impending destructing of Jerusalem.
 Two criminals were led away to be put to death with him.
 When they came to the place which is called Golgotha (The skull), he was crucified with the
two criminals, one on the rights and the other on the left.
 Jesus said, “Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do”.
 They cast lots to divide his garments.
 People stood by watching. The rulers scoffed him telling him to save himself as he saved
others if he is the Christ of God.
 The soldiers mocked him. They offered him vinegar.
 An inscription was written over him, “This is the king of the Jews”.
 One criminal mocked him telling him to save himself and them.
 The other criminal rebuked him telling him Jesus was innocent but they got their due
reward.
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  He told Jesus to remember him in his kingdom. He assured him they would be together in
paradise.

d)The death and burial of Jesus (Luke 23: 44-56)

i.The death of Jesus (vs 44-49)
 About the sixth hour, there was darkness over the whole land until the ninth hour.
 The suns light failed and the curtain of the temple was torn in two.
 Jesus cried out with a loud voice saying, “father, into the hands I commit my spirit”.
 After saying this he breathed his last.
 When the centurion saw what had taken place, he praised God and said, “Certainly this man
was innocent”.
 When the multitude saw what had taken place, returned home beating their breasts.
 Jesus followers and the women who had followed him from Galilee stood at a distance and
saw these things.

Identify ways through which Jesus prepared the disciples for his coming death. Kcse 2004
 He talked to the disciples about his death
 He allowed them to witness the transfiguration which was a pointer to the death
 He accepted to be anointed by a sinful woman
 He had a last meal with them
 He told them of a betrayal among them
 Talked of his resurrection
 He told Peter that he would deny him
 He asked the disciples to pray with him in the mount Olives/ prayed for them/ pray for him
 Promised a helper/ holy spirit
 Appointed Peter as the leader to take over from him
 Instructed them to prepare themselves for the future

State seven lessons Christians learn from the suffering and death of Jesus. Kcse 2014

1. Christians should have faith in God

2. They should endure suffering /be ready to be rejected
3. They should forgive their enemies
4. Christians should repent /confess their sins
5. They should be obedient /loyal to God
6. They should stand for the truth at all times
7. Christians should sacrifice for the service of others
8. They should be prayerful/pray for others
9. Christians should witness /surrender to the Lordship of Christ
10. Christians should be courageous /brave

Why is the death of Jesus important to Christians? Kcse 2007

1. Through the death of Jesus Christians are forgiven their sins

2. Christians are not supposed to make animal sacrifices to God
3. It demonstrates God’s love for human beings
4. Christians have a personal relationship with God
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 5. Christians are able to commit themselves to the will of God.
6. It enables Christians to face death with courage
7. Through his death, salvation/eternal life is availed to all people
8. He has become their everlasting high priest by offering his own body

ii. The burial of Jesus (Luke 23:50-56)

 Joseph of Arimathea was a member of the Jews council, a good and righteous man who was
looking for the kingdom of God.
 He went to Pilate and asked for the body of Jesus.
 He took it down from the cross and wrapped it in a linen cloth. He laid it in a rock-hewn
tomb where no one had been laid.
 This took place on the eve of the Sabbath.
 The women who had come with him from Galilee followed and saw the tomb and how his
body was laid.
 They returned and prepared species and ointments.
 They rested on the Sabbath according to the commandment.

Events that took place between the death and the burial of Jesus (Luke 23:44-56)
1. The sun stopped shinning/there was darkness over the land.
2. The curtain of the temple was torn into two.
3. Jesus commited his spirit into his father’s hand/breathed his last breath.
4. The centurion who witnessed the death of Jesus praised God/confessed that Jesus was
innocent man.
5. The multitude who witnessed the death beat their breastsas they went away.
6. The women/acquaintance from Galilee stood at a distance/watched in silence.
7. Joseph of Arimathea went to Pilate to ask for the body of Jesus.
8. He took down the body from the cross /wrapped it in linen cloth/laid it in a tomb.
9. The women from Galilee followed Joseph/saw the tomb/how the body was laid.

THE RESURRECTION (LUKE 24:1-49)

a) Witness to the Risen Christ (vs 1-12)
(Testimony of the Holy women)
Resurrection event of Jesus rising from the dead.
 On the first day of the week, at early dawn, the women went to the tomb taking species
which they had prepared.
 They found the stone rolled away from the tomb.
 When they went in they did not find the body.
 They were replaced about this; they saw two men who stood by them in dazzling cloths.
 They were frightened and bowed their faces to the ground.
 The men said to them, “why do you seek the living among the dead?”
 The men told them to remember what he told them while at Galilee-that the son of man
must be delivered into the hands of sinful men, be crucified and on the 3rd day rise.
 They remembered his words.
 When they returned from the tomb they told all this to the eleven and to all the rest.

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  Mary Magdalene, Joanna, Mary the mother of James and the other women reported this to
the apostles.
 The apostles did not believe the women.
 But Peter rose and ran to the tomb, stopping and looking in, he saw the line cloths by
themselves, and he went home wondering at what had happened.

Reasons why it was difficult for the disciples to believe that Jesus had resurrected. Kcse
2001/2008

i. They had witnessed his death and burial

ii. The report about the resurrected Christ was brought by women who were despised
iii. The disciples expected a glorious triumphant political Messiah/not one that would
notdie/suffering Messiah
iv. They lacked faith.
v. They felt ashamed for having denied/betrayed him, hence wished that it was not true.
vi. The tomb was heavily guarded by the Roman soldiers/A big rock.
vii. They were ignorant of the divine nature of Jesus.
viii. Influence from their historical background on resurrection/never happened
ix. They had not understood the teaching of Jesus which indicated that he would resurrect
on the third day.

Give a reason why some people find it difficult to accept Jesus Christ. Kcse 2003
1. They lack faith
2. Due to ignorance about the teaching of the bible
3. Since it has not been scientifically proved
4. They believe on the resurrection since the message was brought by women who were
disputed in the society
5. Since other men of God e.g. priest commit sin e.g. misusing church funds

Give reasons why the apostles could not believe the testimony of the women?

b) The disciples on the way to Emmaus (Luke 24:13-32)

 On the same day two disciples of Jesus were going to the village of Emmaus, about 7 miles
from Jerusalem.
 They were talking with each other about the suffering, death and resurrection of Jesus.
 While they were talking and discussing together, Jesus drew near and went with them.
 The two could not recognize Jesus.
 Jesus asked them what they were talking about. They stood still, looking sad.
 Cleopas one of them asked Jesus if he was a visitor in Jerusalem that he did not know what
had happened. They talked of Jesus as a mighty prophet and miracle worker.
 They also talked to him about his passion, death and resurrection.
 They had hoped that he was the one to redeem them.
 They gave the testimony of the holy women who found the empty tomb and also how some
of the disciples confirmed the women report.
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  Jesus explained to them the Old Testament prophecy that the Messiah had to suffer to
reach his glory.
 When they drew near the village to which they were going, Jesus appeared to be going
further.
 They invited Jesus to stay with them and he went to stay with them.
 When at table with them, he took the bread, blessed it, broke it and gave it to them.
 Their eyes were opened and they recognized him. Jesus vanished from their eight.

How Jesus revealed himself to the two men going to Emmaus (Luke 24:13-31). Kcse 2015
1. Jesus joined the two men as they walked to Emmaus.
2. He listened to what they were discussing/ their conversation.
3. He questioned them on what they were talking about.
4. He rebuked them for their foolishness/lack of faith in the scriptures.
5. He explained the scriptures about the life of Christ to them.
6. He went to stay with them for the evening.
7. At the table, he took bread/gave thanks.
8. He broke the bread/served them and their eyes were opened/they recognized him.

c) Appearance of Jesus to the disciples (Luke 24: 33-49)

 The disciples rose that hour and returned to Jerusalem.
 They found the eleven gathered together-who confessed to the two that Jesus had a risen
and had appeared to Simon.
 The two told the other apostles what had happened on the road to Emmaus.
 As they told their story, Jesus stood among them.
 They were frightened and thought they saw a spirit.
 He told them not to be troubled.
 He showed them his hands and feet. He told them to handle a confirm he was not a spirit.
 He asked them for something to eat.
 They gave him a piece of broiled fish
 He took it and ate before them.
 Jesus gave them the new understanding of His mission of suffering, death and resurrection.
He did it by explaining the law of Moses the prophets and the Psalms.
 He opened their minds to understand the scriptures.
 Jesus commissioned them to proclaim repentance and forgiveness of sin to all nations
beginning from Jerusalem.
 Jesus would send them the promise of the Father (Holy Spirit).
 He told them to remain to Jerusalem until they are clothed with power from on high.

Reasons why Jesus appeared to his disciples after his resurrection

1. He wanted to strengthen their faith.
2. So as to comfort them
3 Inorder to empower them to serve
4. He wanted to reassure them that he was the messiah.
5. So as to commission them to be his witness.
6. He wanted to tell them about the coming of the Holy spirit/wait for the Holy Spirit.
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 7. So as to bless them
8. In order to confirm to them the Old Testament prophesies had been fulfilled.
9. He wanted to confirm to them that he alive/had power over death.
10. He wanted to represent to them the correct interpretation of the suffering
messiah/scriptures.

Reasons why resurrections of Jesus is important to Christians. Kcse 2002/2015

1. It is foundation/the basis of their faith/confirms Christian’s faith/ unify Christians.
2. It gives them hope for eternal life
3. It confirms there is life after death
4. Through it, death has been conquered/ overcome
5. Confirms Jesus as the son of God/ messiah/ savior
6. It gives Christians courage to face suffering/ death/ persecution
7. Led to the coming of the holy Spirit
8. It is the basis of Christian teaching/preaching.
9. It is a fulfillment of Jesus promises to his disciples prophecies/confirms scriptures are true
10. Confirms that Jesus is alive
11. Confirms that Christians will resurrect in a new body form
12. Jesus will come again to judge the living and the dead

The ascension of Jesus (Luke 24: 50-53)

 Jesus led them out to Bethany
 He lifted up his hands and blessed them.
 He blessed them and parted from them.
 He was carried up into heaven.
 The apostles returned to Jerusalem with great joy.
 They were continually in the temple blessing God.

The significance of Jesus’ passion, death and resurrection to Christian’s life.

Problems faced by Jesus during his ministry. Kcse 1996

(i) Rejection by his own people in Nazareth

(ii) Death threats in Nazareth/ by Herod
He was accused of breaking the law of Moses ( e.g, working on the Sabbath
day/ eating with unwashed hands/ etc
(iii) He was accused of being a friend of sinners and publican/ associating with
sinners and publicans
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 (iv) He was accused of being the prince of demons/ Beelzebub/ Beelzebul
(v) Faced opposition from the Jewish leaders
(vi) Temptation by the devil
(vii) Was questioned by the Jewish leaders so that they could use his answers to
arrest/trap/ put him to death
(viii) Was betrayed by Judas
(ix) Was arrested/ agony
(x) Was deserted by his disciples after his arrest
(xi) Was denied by peter
(xii) Was falsely accused of blasphemy/ treachery/ treason
(xiii) Faced trials before the Sanhedrin/ Pilate/ Herod
(xiv) Was sentenced to death although he was innocent
(xv) Was whipped by Pilate
(xvi) Was forced to carry his own cross
(xvii) Was crucified on the cross
(xviii) Mocked/ humiliated when he was hanging on the cross
(xix) Was pierced on his side/ a crown of thorns was placed on his head
(xx) Convincing his disciples about the way he was to fulfil his messianic role (
Through suffering and death

Activities which demonstrate that Jesus is a worker. Kcse 1999

i. Preaching /teaching in synagogues/allover the country/ministering

ii. Healing the sick/healing the blind man/any other miracles of healing
iii. Raising the dead of life-The raising of Jairus daughter (any other miracles of raising).
iv. Praying /prayed to God the father
v. Feeding the people e.g. He fed the five thousands
vi. Being a carpenter/he assisted his father
vii. Identify with workers by drawing examples of parables/allegories from the world of
work-parable of the sower /any other relevant example
viii. Calming the storm (any other nature miracles e.g walking on water/cursing the fig
tree.
ix. Forgiving sins of paralytic
x. Training instructor-He trained the disciples on how to carry out their work/the
mission of the seventy two (72)
xi. Leadership-appointment/commissioning of the disciples/apostles looking for
disciples

Teaching of the New Testament about Children. Kcse 1999

i. Parents are to take care of their children/love/value/treasure them.

ii. Children are innocent/ blameless.
iii. Children are humble /humility
iv. Parents are to teach their children about God.
v. Children are to obey their parents in the home.
vi. They are to help their parents in the home.
vii. They are to help their parents in the home.
viii. Parents should discipline their children.
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 ix. Children should respect their parents/honour.
x. Children should be able to enjoy their rights (life/basic requirements/condemn
abortion/do not kill
xi. Children should be brought up in a family.

Ways Christian serve God today. Kcse 2001

i. Preaching/teaching the word of God/dedications (priests/nuns/sister) participation in choir

ii. Be feeding the hungry/relief food
iii. Taking care of the sick/visiting the sick
iv. Praying/ fasting for God’s peace in the world
v. Contributing to church/charitable organizations
vi. By paying taxes/tithing
vii. Taking care of the environment/working in the church
viii. Providing homes for the needy/adopting orphans
ix. Paying fees for the needy/Providing education
x. Being just and fair in giving services
Advocating for equitable distribution of resources
Obstacles to affective church influence in the social life of the community. Kcse 2000

 There is power struggle within the churches/disunity/wrangles.

 Some church leaders/lay Christian involve themselves is sexual immorality) e.g adultery,
fornication, prostitution, homosexuality, lesbianism.)
 Inadequate training of some church leader/lack of training.
 Rise of self-styled apostles/preachers who bring confusion to believers
 Mismanagement/misappropriation of church funds/resources by some church leaders.
 Some members have a ‘Holier than thou’ attitude/ self righteousness/individualism.
 Partiality treatment of church members is based on materialism /education /social status
 Negative influence from science and technology
 Lack of finance for effective evangelization
 Introduction of ideologies (e.g devil worship/cults/communist/socialism)

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