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INDEX
Accidents on railways: 442-3
Acworth, W. M.: 425, 426
Aeroplanes: 504-6
Agricultural Organisation
Society: 355
Agriculture: 16, 74, 85, 89, 164,
179, 192, 353, 355, 497,
507
Aikin, Dr.: 49, 91, 142, 169, 185
Ale, Burton: 178
Alldridge, T. J.: 403
Amalgamated Society of Railway
Servants: 446, 447, 512
Amber: 6-7, 26
Ambulance corps on railways:
444
Anderson, Dr James: 229
Andred-Weald, The: 4, 8
Aqueducts on Canals: 304
Arkwright, Sir Richard: 187, 188
Armstrong (Newcastle)
University: 427
Ashley, W. J.: 18, 19
Askwith, Sir George: 452
Assizes of ale, bread and cloth:
19
Associated Society of
Locomotive Engineers
and Firemen: 447
Association of Railway
Companies' Signal
Superintendents: 429
Association of Railway
Locomotive Engineers:
429
Australia, Railways in: 402
Automobile Association and
Motor Union: 479, 503
Automobilism: See "Motor-
vehicles."

Badeslade, Thomas: 119-20

Bagmen: 16
Bailey, John: 207, 208
Baines, Thomas: 136, 138, 141,
157, 165, 178, 180, 184,
236
Balfour of Burleigh, Lord: 338
Barber, H. C.: 505-6
Bartholomew Fair: 27
Bawtry: Classed as a seaport,
111;
port of consignment for
Sheffield goods, 123-4,
148-9
Beal, C. G.: 448
Beasley, A.: 261 n., 290 n.
Bedford, The Duke of: 254
Benevolent contributions,
Railway companies': 440-
1
Bequests for road repairs: 12
Birkenshaw, John: 206
Birmingham: Coach
communication, 54-5;
trade conditions, 90-1;
cost of road transport to
London, 160;
Birmingham Canal, 184, 236-7,
298-9, 301, 302, 307,
495;
 London and Birmingham Rly.,
249-52
Bishopsgate Goods Station: 392-
4
Board of Trade and Railways:
259, 268, 269, 271, 275,
277, 279, 282, 338, 353,
356, 440, 443, 446, 448,
450, 492, 509
Boonen, Guylliam: 37
Bourn, Daniel: 45-7, 66
Boyle, Courtenay, Sir: 338
Bradfield, J. E.: 316, 333-4
Brereton, R. M.: 317
Bridge friars: 12, 13
Bridges: 11, 13
Bridgewater, Francis, Duke of:
139, 167-72, 173, 221,
231, 295
Bridgnorth: Transit port on the
Severn, 115;
route for pottery goods, 159;
Manchester goods, 161
Brindley, James: 130, 167-8,
171, 173, 174, 295
Bristol: Early prosperity of, 112;
trade done by Bristol
merchants, 116;
Lancashire goods exported viâ
the Severn and Bristol,
161
Brome, The Rev. J.: 74-5
Bronze Age, The: 6
Brunlees, J.: 206
Buddle, John: 200-1, 404
Burnett, John: 448
Burton-on-Trent: 122
Bute, The Marquis of: 304
Butterworth, A. Kaye: 343
Buxton, Mr.: 452

Cab, introduction of the: 63;

taxi-cabs, 485-7
Caledonian Railway: 289, 367,
451
Cambridge: Located on river,
111;
importance to of river
transport, 119, 120, 125
Canada, Railways in: 254, 402
Canals: Advocated, 162, 164;
a transition from rivers, 165;
the pioneer British canal, 166-
7;
opposition, 170-1;
effect of canals on trade and
industries, 175-8, 180,
192-4, 295;
engineering difficulties, 171,
174, 179-80;
passenger traffic, 172, 265;
public prejudice, 181-2;
"canal mania," 183, 185;
value of shares, 183, 236-8;
number of canal Acts, 183;
expenditure on canals, 183,
234;
length of canals, 183;
canal companies adopt
railways, 212, 220;
excessive charges, 231;
attitude towards traders, 231-
3, 243-4, 296;
opposition to independent
railways, 234-9, 296;
canal extortions inspire railway
restrictions, 258;
Royal Commission on Canals
and Waterways, 294,
295, 304;
construction on no general
scheme, 295;
reduction of rates, 296;
neglect of improvements, 296-
7;
canals acquired by railways,
297-9, 306;
increased powers, 299, 300;
amalgamation of canals, 301;
physical conditions, 301-4;
locks, 302, 303;
railway competition, 304;
aqueducts, 304-5;
tunnels, 305;
colliery operations, 306;
canal and rail transport
compared, 307-9;
canal resuscitation
impracticable, 309-11,
495
Aberdare C.: 213
Aire and Calder Nav.: 141,
143, 147, 307
Ashby C.: 219
Barnsley C.: 184, 238
Birmingham C.: 184, 236-7,
298-9, 301, 302, 307
 Charnwood Forest C.: 220
Coventry C.: 183, 237, 302
Dudley C.: 301
Ellesmere C.: 184
Erewash C.: 183, 237
Fossdyke: 121, 154
Glamorganshire C.: 184, 214-
8, 238-9, 304
Grand Junction C.: 183, 184
Herefordshire and
Gloucestershire C.: 193
Huddersfield C.: 180
Kennet and Avon C.: 184
Lancashire C.: 219
Leeds and Liverpool C.: 179-
80, 237
Leicester C.: 183, 238
Loughborough C.: 237, 261
Manchester, Bolton and Bury
C.: 184
Mersey and Irwell Nav.: 238
Peak Forest C.: 193-4
Rochdale C.: 180, 183, 193,
303
Sankey Brook C.: 165-6
Stratford-on-Avon C.: 298
Swansea C.: 304
Thames and Severn C.: 184
Trent and Mersey (Grand
Trunk) C.: 172-5, 210,
237, 238, 261, 307
Trent Nav.: 183
Cardwell's Committee: 285
Carriages, Private: 37-8
Castlereagh, Viscount: 439
Central London Rly.: 492
City and South London Rly.: 492
Chamberlayne, Dr: 38
Chaplin, William: 325
Chaplin, Mr: 459
Chapmen: 17, 21, 24, 91
Charles I.: Proclamation
concerning roads, 43
Charles II. and roads: 33-4, 132
Cheap Trains Act, 1883: 263 n.
Cheese industry: 122, 163, 179
Chester: Roman road to, 8;
fair, 27;
coaches, 40, 51, 54;
decay of port, 137
Church and roads: 11-14;
fairs, 21
Claughton, G. H.: 448
Clifford, Frederick: 128, 170,
223, 272, 273, 277, 295,
303, 324
Cloth-makers and transport:
143-4, 146-7
Coaches and coaching: The
"long waggon," 35-6, 38,
53, 325;
stage-coaches, 38-42, 51-3,
325;
"flying" coaches, 53-5, 327;
mail-coaches, 55-7, 325;
Thames watermen and
coaches, 58-63;
hackney coaches, 60-3;
the "palmy" days of coaching,
325;
tolls paid by coaches, 316;
 coach-owners join railways,
326;
speed accelerated, 327;
effect on horses, 327-8;
cost of coach-horses, 328;
accidents and discomforts,
328;
decline of coaching, 329;
taxation, 329-34
Coal industry: 36, 117, 140, 165,
167, 179, 188, 195-7
Commercial Motor Users'
Association: 477, 485
Continental railway rates: 357
Copper industry: 9
Corporations, Rise of Municipal:
19
Cort, Henry: 190
Cotton industry: 138, 187-8
County towns, Influence of
transport conditions on:
94-7
Court of Pie Powder: 22-3
Cressett, John: 39-42, 51
Crewe Mechanics' Institution:
417
Cromwell, Oliver: 131, 132
Cumming, T. G.: 213
Cunningham, W.: 23
Curr, John: 204
Cutlery, Sheffield: 124, 142,
148-9, 191
Cycles and Cycling, 472-3, 480

Dalhousie, Lord: 269, 276

Darby, Abraham: 190
Day, Frank B.: 394 n.
Defoe, Daniel: On Sturbridge
Fair, 24-6;
roads at Lewes, 68;
turnpikes, 78, 87-90;
country towns, 95-6, 121, 126;
Bristol traders, 116;
port of Lynn, 119;
trade on the Trent, 122;
River Idle, 123-4;
River Wey, 126;
Devonshire serges, 127;
Yorkshire trade conditions,
144, 145-7;
cheese industry, 163
Dehany, W. K.: 28, 49, 81
Denmark, Prince George of: 67
Denton, The Rev. W.: 5, 14, 58
De Salis, Rodolph: 152
Domesday Survey: 4
Dover, Early communication
with: 35 n., 53
Dublin Society, The: 72
Dugdale, Sir William: 51
Duncombe, Sir Sandars: 60

Easingwold Rly.: 290-1

Eastern Counties Rly.: 253
Eaton, J. Shirley: 415, 416
Edgeworth, R. L.: 72, 229
Edinburgh, Coaches to: 36, 37,
51-2, 56;
cost of posting to, 57
Edington, Robert: 197
Education of railwaymen, The:
413-27
Elizabeth, Queen: 37, 57, 196
Enclosure Acts: 192
Engineer and Railway Staff
Corps: 401
Evelyn, John: 63

Factory System: 385

Fairs: 20-7, 91, 95
Farrer, Sir Thomas: 276
Fay, Sam: 506 n
Fen-lands: 5
Festivals, Religious: 21
Findlay, Sir George: 345, 376
Finger-posts: 65 n.
Fish industry: 89-90
Flannels, Trade in: 114-5
Fowler, H. H. (Lord
Wolverhampton): 323
Fowler, J. Kearsley: 315, 316
France, Roads in: 67, 320
Francis, John: 210, 222, 251,
252, 255, 256, 272
Franks, W. Temple: 339
Freeman, James E.: 371
Fulton, R.: 181, 211

Galloway, Robert L.: 196, 198

Garcke, Emile: 458
General Railway Workers' Union:
447
Gibb, Sir George: 343
Gladstone, W. E.: 268, 269, 270,
273, 275-6, 278, 279,
282, 322
Glasgow and South-Western
Railway: 436
Glynn, G. C.: 264, 279
Goschen, Mr: 323
Gordon, Alexander: 474
Gower, Earl: 173
Graham, Sir James: 265
Granet, Sir Guy: 448
Gray, Robert: 332
Gray, Thomas: 207, 221, 229-
230, 328
Great Central Rly.: 289, 367,
423, 451
Great Eastern Rly.: 253, 277,
287, 288, 289, 367, 392-
4, 401, 418-20, 437
Great Eastern Rly. Mechanics'
Institution: 418-20
Greater London, Beginnings of:
97
Great Northern Rly.: 277, 289,
339, 367, 391-2
Great Northern of Ireland Rly.:
289
Great North Road: 32, 65, 75,
123
Great Southern and Western
Rly.: 289
Great Western Rly.: 252, 254,
273-4, 277, 288, 289,
297-8, 326, 366, 421-2,
427-8, 451
Great Western Rly. Literary
Society: 427-8
Griffin, H. Hewitt: 486
Guilds, Craft: 19
Guilds, Merchant: 18-19
Gurney, Sir Goldsworthy: 474-5
Hackney carriages: 59-63
Hackworth, J. W.: 227
Hackworth, T.: 227
Hadley, Prof.: 226 n., 347
Hall, Sir John: 282
Hamilton, Lord Claud: 437, 439
Hardware trades: 191
Harper, C. G.: 56, 57
Harrel, Sir David: 448
Harrison, William: 114
Hawkshaw, Sir John: 396
Henderson, M.P., Arthur: 448
Hereford, Ross and Gloucester
Rly.: 131
Herepath, John: 262-3, 275, 278
Hermits and road repairs: 13
Highwaymen: 95
Historical Manuscripts
Commission Reports: 12,
13 n.
Holinshed: 31
Homer, Henry: 73
Hops: 25
Horne, Benjamin: 325, 327
Horseback, travelling on: 16, 36
Horses: Number used for long
waggons, 35, 37;
restrictions in regard to, 43-5;
horses used for coaches, 325;
mortality on roads, 327-8
Horwich Mechanics' Institute:
420-1
Hours of labour, Railwaymen's:
441-2
Howells, Clarence S.: 306
Hull, Trade of: 122, 123, 147
Humpherus, Henry: 37, 63
Hunter, The Rev. J.: 123, 124,
148, 149
Hutchinson, William: 198, 199
Hutton, William: 54, 90, 176
Hyde, W. H.: 401

Inglis, Sir James C.: 421

Insurance Bill, National: 375
Ireland: Control of roads, 319;
cheap conveyances, 333
Iron industry: 4, 7, 9, 26, 117,
134, 161-2, 178, 188-91

Jacob, Giles: 21-3

James I.: 196
James, William: 234
Jeans, J. S.: 226, 227, 306, 308
Jersey, Lord: 353
Jessop, William: 49, 122, 206
Jusserand, J. J.: 11, 12, 13

Kellawe, Richard de: 11

Kendal as a packhorse station:
36
Kinderley, Nathaniel: 119, 154
Knoop, Douglas: 427

Lancashire and Yorkshire Rly.:

289, 367, 420-1, 423,
426-7
Land-beacons: 65
Lead industry: 6, 9, 26
Leeds cloth market: 145-7
Lees, Sir Edward: 333
Lefevre, Shaw: 456 n.
Leicester and Swannington Rly.:
242-4
Leigh, Charles: 36
Levy, Lewis: 318
Light railways: 457, 463, 507
Linen industry: 115, 134, 138
Litters, Use of: 16
Liverpool: Early waggons and
coaches, 36, 54, 56;
isolation, 135-7;
improvement of Mersey, 137;
river communication with
Manchester, 139;
effect on Liverpool trade of
navigation facilities on
the Weaver and the
Douglas, 139-41;
Sankey Brook Canal, 165-6;
Bridgewater Canals, 167-72;
Leeds and Liverpool Canal,
179;
Liverpool and Manchester Rly.,
230-41, 494
Loads, Restrictions on: 43-5
Locks on canals: 302-4
London and Birmingham Rly.:
249-52, 254, 256, 326,
417
London and North-Western Rly.:
252, 276, 285, 289, 298-
9, 339, 366, 367, 370,
376-84, 391, 417-8, 422-
3, 432, 438, 440, 451,
507
London and South-Western Rly.:
254, 256, 289, 326, 353,
 367, 440
London, Brighton and South
Coast Rly.: 254, 256, 275,
289, 367
London Electric Railway Coy.:
492, 493, 507
London General Omnibus Coy.:
485
London Railways Athletic
Association: 431
London School of Economics:
425-6, 506 n
London, Tilbury and Southend
Rly.: 496 n.
London traffic problem: 490-3,
497, 499, 507
London Traffic, Royal
Commission on: 462, 493
London United Tramways: 492
Long service on railways: 445
Lord Mayor's coach, The: 58
Lowther, M.P., J. W.: 459 n.
Lynn, Early importance of: 24,
26, 119-20

Macaulay, Lord: 94, 95

Mackay, Dr Charles: 93
Mackworth, Sir Humphry: 202
Macpherson, David: 29, 30, 32,
42, 72
Manby, Charles: 401
Manchester: Coaches, 53-4;
early trading conditions, 91;
goods despatched viâ Bewdley
and Bridgnorth, 161,
172;
 Mersey and Irwell Navigation,
138-9, 168-9, 171;
Worsley-Manchester Canal,
168, 171;
cost of transport, 169;
privations due to defective
transport, 170;
Liverpool and Manchester
Railway, 230-40
Manorial courts: 19
Manor, Lord of, and transport:
18
Markets: 20
Marriott, H.: 350, 427
Mathew, Francis: 131-3, 158
McAdam, J. L.: 50, 99, 101-7,
192, 318, 325, 480
McAdam, Sir James: 314, 318
Metcalf, John: 99-100
Midland Rly.: 244, 277, 289,
366, 367, 376, 420, 427,
432, 451
Midland Railway Institute: 420
Monasteries: 11, 12, 14, 15
Montagu of Beaulieu, Lord: 503
Moon, Sir Richard: 339
Morrison, James: 260-1, 265,
271, 509
Moryson, Fynes: 38, 57
Motor-vehicles: Competition of
motor-omnibuses with
electric tramways, 466-7,
497-8,
with horse-omnibuses, 485-7,
with railways, 496, 498-503;
 comparison of motor-omnibus
and railless electric
traction, 467-8;
early days of steam-coaches,
473-4;
traction engines, 475;
hostile legislation, 475-6;
the Magna Charta of
automobilism, 476;
Motor-Car Act of 1903, 477;
Heavy Motor-Car Order of
1904, 477-8;
pleasure cars in use, 478;
Royal Automobile Club, 478-9;
Automobile Association and
Motor Union, 479;
road improvements, 480-2;
commercial motors, 482-5;
motor-cabs, 485-7;
motor industry, 487-90;
imports and exports, 489-90;
motors and railway strikes, 503
Municipal Tramways Association:
469

Nails, Cart-wheel: 44, 49-50

Nash, T.: 114
Newcastle-on-Tyne: Coaches,
53;
salt trade, 140
Nicholson, J. Shield: 2
"Nimrod": 107
North British Rly.: 289, 367
North-Eastern Rly.: 287, 289,
290, 367, 371, 424-5