NAME ____________________________________ ADM NO.
_______________
DATE _______________
232/1
PHYSICS
PAPER 1
FORM FOUR
END OF TERM 1 2023 EXAMS
TIME: 2 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, school and index number in the spaces provided above.
Write the date of examination and sign in the spaces provided above.
This paper consists of two sections, Section A and B.
Answer ALL the questions in section A and B in the spaces provided.
ALL answers and working MUST be clearly shown.
Mathematical tables and electronic calculators may be used.
Take acceleration due to gravity, g = 10m/s2
FOR EXAMINER’S USE ONLY:
Section Question Maximum score Candidate’s score
A 112 25
13 12
14 11
15 10
B
16 12
17 10
TOTAL 80
Page 1 of 8
1. Figure 1 below shows a micrometer screw gauge being used to measure the diameter of a metal rod.
The thimble scale has 50 divisions.
Metal rod
Fig. 1
Find the diameter of the metal rod. (1 mark)
2. A man of mass 72kg jumps from a small boat on to the lake shore with a forward velocity of 9.0ms-1.
If the mass of the boat is 216kg, calculate the initial backward velocity of the boat. (3 marks)
3. Explain briefly how the temperature in a green house is kept higher than outside. (2 marks)
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The diagram shown in figure 2 below is an arrangement of three pulley wheels used to help in lifting
loads. Use it to answer questions 4 and 5.
Fig. 2
4. Complete the diagram to show how the rope goes round the wheels, position of the load and the effort.
(2 marks)
5. Write down the velocity ratio (VR) of the system. (1 mark)
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6. State how temperature affects the speed of sound in air. (1 mark)
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7. State two facts which show that heat from the sun does not reach the earth surface by convection.
(2 marks)
Page 2 of 8
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8. The diagram in figure 3 below shows water with negligible viscosity flowing steadily in a tube of
different cross-section area. If at a point A, the cross section area is 120cm2 and the velocity of water is
0.40ms-1, calculate the velocity at B where cross section area is 4.0cm2? (3 marks)
A
B
Fig. 3
9. A motor uses an electrical energy at a rate of 200W and raises a mass of 25kg through a vertical
distance of 20m in 0.5 minutes. Determine the efficiency of the motor. (3 marks)
How long will it take 240V, 3000W electric immersion heater to raise the temperature of 150 litres
of water in a well-lagged calorimeter made of copper of mass 20kg from 150 to 700C? (3 marks)
10. The diagram shown in the Figure 4 below shows a system in equilibrium with the rule horizontal.
AB is a uniform rule of length 1.0m and weight 1.8N. Calculate the weight of the block X. (3 marks)
Page 3 of 8
Fig. 4
30cm 40cm
B
A Q
X 180 g
11. State the reason why a trailer carrying heavy loads has many wheels. (1 mark)
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SECTION B (55 MARKS)
Answer ALL the questions
12. A student in Anestar Girls set up an experiment to study the acceleration of a trolley using ticker tape
timer. The timer made 50 dots per second on the tape. Dots A to E measured 2.5cm apart and dots E
to I measured 4.5cm apart.
a) Using a scale drawing show the dots A, B C, D, E, F, G and I as they appeared on the tape. (3 marks)
b) Determine the velocity of the trolley from:
i) A to E. (2 marks)
ii) E to I. (2 marks)
c) Calculate the acceleration of the trolley. (2 marks)
Page 4 of 8
d) What end of the tape was fixed onto the trolley? (1 mark)
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e) State two precautions that the student should take before she takes her final samples of the dots.
(2 marks)
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13. a) i) What is Brownian motion? (1 mark)
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ii) Describe with the aid of a diagram, the apparatus you could set up in order to demonstrate
Brownian motion of smoke particles suspended in air. (5 marks)
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b) An oil drop has a volume of 0.01mm3 when it is placed on the surface of some water, it spreadsout
to form a circular patch of area 500cm2
i) Calculate the thickness of the oil film. (3 marks)
ii) What two assumptions have you made in the answer b(i) above. (2 marks)
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14. a) i) Distinguish between inelastic and elastic collisions. (2 marks)
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Page 5 of 8
ii) A particle A of mass M moving with an initial velocity, u, makes a head-on collision with
another particle B of mass 2M, B being initially at rest. In terms of u, calculate the final
velocity of A if the collision is perfectly inelastic. (3 marks)
b) The diagram in Figure 5 below shows a sphere moving in a viscous liquid in a tall measuring
cylinder.
Sphere
Measuring cylinder
Viscous liquid
i) Show on the diagram the forces acting on the sphere. (3 marks)
ii) Sketch a graph showing the variation of velocity with time in figure 6 below. Show on the graph the
terminal velocity, VT. (2 marks)
Velocity (m/s)
Time (sec)
Page 6 of 8
15. A mass of 1kg is attached to a cord of length 50cm. It is whirled in a circle in a vertical plane at 10
revolutions per second as shown in the figure below.
50cm
cord
B
a) Find the tensions in the cord when the mass is at:
i) Highest point of the circle A. (2 marks)
ii) Lowest point of the circle B. (2 marks)
b) i) Describe an experiment to determine specific heat capacity of aluminium block with two holes
drilled in it to accommodate a thermometer and an electric heater. (5 marks)
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ii) An immersion heater rated 90W is placed in a liquid of mass 2kg. When the heater is switched on
for 15minutes, the temperature of the liquid rises from 200C to 300C. Determine the specific heat
capacity of the liquid. (3 marks)
Page 7 of 8
16. a) The figure below shows a block of mass 25g and density 200kg/m3 submerged in a certain liquid and
suspended from a homogenous horizontal beam by means of a thread. A mass of 2kg issuspended
from the beam as shown in the figure below.
40 cm 30 cm
2 kg
Liquid
25 g
Pivot
i) Determine the upthrust force acting on the block. (3 marks)
ii) Calculate the density of the liquid. (3 marks)
b) i) State the law of floatation. (1 mark)
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ii) The figure below shows a piece of aluminum suspended from a string and completely immersed
in a container of water. The mass of the aluminium is 1kg and its density is 2.7 × 103kg/m3
String
Water Aluminium
Calculate the tension in the string. (3 marks)
Page 8 of 8
