;xsf/L ahf/ Joj:yfkg

ofba k4of]tL
of]=c=
lh=s[=la=sf=, afFs]

s'g} klg lglZrt 7fpF / ;dodf hxfF qm]tf / ljqm]tf jLr ;Dks{ tyf
dWo:ytfaf6 d"No lgwf{/0f eO{ pTkflbt j:t'sf] a]r ljvg x'g]
ub{5 eg] To;nfO{ g} ahf/ elgG5 .
a:t'
ljqm]tf qm]tf
d"No
ahf/sf k|sf/

! 9fs]sf] If]qsf] :yflgo, If]lqo,, /fli6«o,

cfwf/df cGt/f{li6«o jf ljZj ahf/
@ s[lif pkhsf] h:t} kmnkm"n ahf/, t/sf/L ahf/
cfwf/df cflb
# sf/f]af/sf] yf]s, ;+sng s]Gb|, xf6 ahf/
cfwf/df
s[lif ahf/
afnL s6fgLkl5 clGtd pkef]Qmsf] xftdf gk'u];Dd ljrsf] cjlwdf eP
u/]sf ;Dk"0f{ sfo{x? s[lif ahf/sf] kl/efiff leq kb{5 . o:tf sfo{x?
df s[lif pkhsf] s6fgL, ;kmfO{, u]|l8Ë, :t/ lgwf{/0f, k|zf]wg,
9'jfgL, ;+ro, Kofs]lhË, z'Ns lgwf{/0f, a]rljvg cflb kb{5g\ .
s[lif ahf/ k|0ffnL
pTkfbs

ufpFn] k|zf]ws
Jofkf/L
sldzg Ph]06

yf]s Jofkf/L
 v'b«f Jofkf/L

pkef]Qmf

cjwf/0ff
dflysf] lrqdf pTkfbs / pkef]Qmf aLrsf] b'/L sd ug{sf nflu
ljleGg JolQmx?sf] ;+nUgtf kfOG5 . o; k|sf/sf] ;+nUgtf lg/Gt/
/ lbuf] eof] eg] s[lif ahf/ k|0ffnLn] /fd|f] sfd ul//x]sf] x'G5 .
t;y{, pkef]Qmfsf] ?rL cg';f/sf] cfjZostf k"lt{ ug{ pTkfbsaf6
k|fKt s[lif pkhx? lg/Gt/ ?kdf cfk"lt{ e}/xg] k|0ffnLnfO{ s[lif
ahf/ k|0ffnL elgG5 . s[lif ahf/sf] sfd pTkfbsaf6 pknAw x'g]
s[lif pkh pkef]Qmfn] s] rfxG5, sxfF rfxG5, slt rfxG5, slxn]
rfxG5 / s:tf] cj:yfdf rfxG5, ;f] s'/fsf] klxrfg u/L p;sxfF
k'¥ofOlbg' xf] . of] sfd em§ x]bf{ ;/n nfu] klg lgs} sl7g 5,
lsgeg] of] sfd ;DkGg ug]{ qmddf cg]sf}+ sfo{x? kb{5 ;fy}
hf]lvd klg p7fpg' kb{5 .
s[lif ahf/ k|0ffnLsf c+ux?M
 pTkfbs  9'jfgLs
 ;+sns tf{
 bnfnx?  ;fgf]
 pkef]Q yf]s Jofkf/L
mf  7"nf]
 k| yf]s Jofkf/L
zf]wg -pBf]u_  v'b|f
Jofkf/L

s[lif ahf/ k|0ffnLsf txx?

g]kfndf k|rlnt s[lif ahf/ k|0ffnLsf txx? lgDgfg';f/ /x]sf 5g\ .
dfu{ ! pTkfbs pkemf]Qmf
dfu{ @ pTkfbs v'b|f Jofkf/L pkemf]Qmf
dfu{ # pTkfbs ;+sngstf{ v'b|f Jofkf/L
pkef]Qmf
dfu{ $ pTkfbs yf]s Jofkf/L v'b|f Jofkf/L pkef]Qmf
 dfu{ % pTkfbs yf]s Jofkf/L k|zf]wgstf{ -pBf]u_
pkef]Qmf
dfu{ ^ pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf lgof{t -ljb]z_
dfu{ & pTkfbs ;xsf/L ;+:yf yf]s Jofkf/L v'b|f Jofkf/L
pkef]Qmf

s[lif ahf/ k|0ffnLdf ;DkGg x'g] sfo{x? M

 pTkfbg  ahf/ ;"rgf ;
 sf6\ +sng tyf k|jfx
g]÷l6Kg]  ahf/ vf]hL
 ;+sng ug]{÷cg';Gwfg
 ;kmfO ug]  aLdf
{  lj1fkg -
 u|]l8Ë÷;l6 k|;f/–k|rf/_
{Ë÷:tl/s/0f  ljqmL–ljt/
 Koflsu+÷ 0f
Kofs]lhª  pkef]u
 k|zf]wg
 e08f/0f
 9'jfgL

ahf/d"vL pTkfbg eGgfn] s] a'lemG5 <

ahf/sf] l:yltnfO{ b[li6ut u/L ul/g] pTkfbgnfO{ ahf/d"vL

pTkfbg elgG5 . o; cGt/u{t lgDg s'/fx? kb{5g\ .
 s'g s'g j:t'x? s'g s'g ahf/df s] slt
kl/df0fdf slxn] cfk"lt{ x'G5 <
 ;f] sf] dfFusf] l:ylt s:tf] 5 <
 d"No slt k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 <
 ahf/df k'¥ofpFbf slt vr{ nfUb5 <
 ;f]af6 slt d'gfkmf k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5 <
ahf/d"vL pTkfbg lsg rflxG5 <
 pTkflbt j:t'sf] cfk"lt{ ahf/sf] dfFu eGbf cTolws ePdf d"Nodf
7"nf] X|f; cfpF5 . To;}u/L dfFusf] t'ngfdf cfk"lt{ Go"g x'g uPdf
d"No j[l4 x'g hfG5 . To;}n] ahf/nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ dfqfdf
pTkfbg u/L ahf/df cfk"lt{ ug{ ;lsof] eg] d"Nodf :yfloTj /xG5
h;n] ubf{ Jofkf/L, pkef]Qmf Pj+ pTkfbsx? nfeflGjt x'G5g\ .
ahf/d"vL pTkfbg M eP s] x'G5 < geP s] x'G5 <
eP s] x'G5 < geP s] x'G5 <
  pTkflbt j:t'sf]
ahf/ ;'ne ?kdf kfpF5 . x'b}g .
  pTkfbsn] plrt
ug{ ;Sb}gg\ .
  ahf/df j:t' cfk"
pknAw x'G5 . /xb}g .
  d"Nodf ptf/ r9
k'U5 .
  pkef]Qmfn] j:
ug{ ;S5g\ . fKt ug{ ;Sb}gg\ .
  cfk"lt{sf] ptf/
cgfjZos gf]S;fgLsf] dfq 36\g a9L x'G5 .
hfG5 .
  pBf]u Pj+ Jofk
kdf k|fKt ug{ ;S5g\ . ;do / kl/df0fdf j:t' k|fKt
ug{ ;Sb}gg\ .
  cfoft k|lt:yfkg
j4{g x'g ;S5 . j4{gdf cj/f]w cfpF5 .

ahf/d"vL pTkfbgsf cfwf/x?

s'g j:t' slxn], slt kl/df0fdf s'g ahf/x?nfO{ nlIft ul/ pTkfbg ug]
{ eGg] lg0f{onfO{ w]/} kIfx?n] c;/ tyf k|efj kf/]sf x'G5g . o;df
cfly{s, ;fdflhs Pj+ k|fljlws h:tf kIfx? kb{5g .
s'g} lglZrt ahf/nfO{ b[li6ut u/L pTkfbg ug'{ k"j{ lgDg lnlvt
cfwf/x?sf] n]vfhf]vf ul/g' pko'Qm x'G5 .
s_ dfFu / pkef]u l:ylt
v_ cfk"lt{ kl/df0f / ;do
u_ cfk"lt{ x'g] >f]t / kl/df0f
 3_ d"No l:ylt
ª_ ahf/ nfut / nfe
r_ pkef]Qmfsf] ?rL / rfxgf
5_ pTkfbg k|ljlw / ;fdflu|sf] pknAwtf
h_ k"jf{wf/x?sf] ;'ljwf

s_ dfFu / pkef]u l:ylt

s'g} lglZrt ;dodf s'g} lglZrt d"Nodf, lglZrt ahf/df
pkef]Qmfsf] s'g} lglZrt j:t' v/Lb ug]{ OR5f, tTk/tf tyf
Ifdtf /x]sf] cj:yfnfO{ To; j:t'sf] dfFu elgG5 . s'g} ahf/÷zx/sf]
s'g} j:t'sf] dfFunfO{ ToxfFsf] hg;+Vof -j[l4b/_, pkef]Qmfsf]
cfo, ;f] j:t' tyf ;f] nfO{ k|lt:yfkg ug{ ;Sg] j:t'sf] d"No h:tf
tTjx?n] c;/ kfb{5 .
v_ cfk"lt{ kl/df0f / ;do
t/sf/L / kmnkm"nx?sf] pTkfbg vf; lglZrt df};ddf x'g] ePsf]n]
;f] ;dodf w]/} kl/df0fdf cfk"lt{ x'g] ub{5 eg] a]df};ddf sd .
o;y{ d"NonfO{ ;d]t b[li6ut u/L Go"g cfk"lt{ e}/x]sf] t/ dfFu
oyfjt\ x'g ;Sg] dlxgfx?df cfk"lt{ a9fpg] u/L pTkfbg of]hgf
agfpg ;lsof] eg] xfnsf] Go"g cfk"lt{ eO{ pkef]u sd eO{
/x]sf] dlxgfx?df pkef]u j9\g ;S5 . &)^ d]=6g -kmfNu'g_ ;Dd
cfk"lt{ ePsf] b]lvG5 . cfk"lt{ kl/df0f dlxgf cg';f/ lgs} km/s 5
.
u_ cfk"lt{ x'g] >f]t / kl/df0f
s'g} lglZrt ahf/df ljleGg >f]tx?af6 kmnkm"n tyf t/sf/Lx?
ljleGg kl/df0fdf cfk"lt{ e} /x]sf] x'G5 . oL cfk"lt{ >f]tx? Ps
csf{sf] k|lt:kwL{ x'g ;Sg] ePsf]n] pTkfbg of]hgf agfpFbf
ljrf/ k'¥ofpg' h?/L x'G5 .
3_ d"No l:ylt
s'g ahf/df s'g s'g j:t'x? s'g ;dodf slt kl/df0fdf cfk"lt{ ug]
{ eGg] lg0f{o lng d"No l:yltnfO{ ;d]t b[li6ut ug'{ k5{ . d"No
j:t'sf] u'0f:t/ cfsf/ k|sf/ tyf hft cg';f/ klg km/s kg{ hfG5 . o:tf
s'/fnfO{ klg pTkfbg of]hgf agfpFbf Wofg lbg' k5{ . s[lif pkh
vf; u/L t/sf/L / kmnkm"nx?sf] pTkfbg df};dL k|s[ltsf] x'g]
x'Fbf d"Vo l;hgdf dfFu eGbf cfk"lt{ a9L eO{ d"No sd /
a]df};ddf cfk"lt{ sd eO{ d"No a9L x'G5 .
ª_ ahf/ nfut / nfe
s'g} j:t'sf] s'g} lglZrt ahf/df s]lx kl/df0fdf dfFu x'Fb}df
pTkfbsx?n] ToxfF cfk"lt{ u/L nfeflGjt x'g ;Sb}gg\ . s'g}
pTkfbg ks]6af6 s'g} lglZrt ahf/;Dd pTkfblbt j:t' k'¥ofpFbf x'g]
vr{;Fu ToxfF k|rngdf cfPsf] yf]s d"No ;Fu t'ngf u/L ;fwf/tof
ahf/ nfe lgsflnG5 . pTkfbg ks]6af6 s'g} lglZrt ahf/;Ddsf] ahf/
nfutdf j:t'sf] pTkfbg nfut jf kmfd{u]6 d"No, oftfoft vr{,
Kofs]lhË vr{, 9'jfgLdf x'g] gf]S;fgL kl/df0fsf] d'No, :yflgo s/,
nf]l8ª / cgnf]l8ª, yf]s Jofkf/L÷sldzg Ph]G6sf] sldzg tyf
cGo ;DalGwt vr{x? kb{5g\ . ToxfF k'¥ofpFbf x'g] s'n ahf/
vr{nfO{ ;f] ahf/x?df k|rlnt jflif{s ;/b/ yf]s d"No;Fu t'ngf ul/Psf]
5 . ahf/ dflh{gnfO{ xf]l;of/L k"j{s ljZn]if0f ul/g' k5{ . s'g}
lglZrt dlxgfsf] yf]s d"No;Fu s"n ahf/ nfut t'ngf ug{ pko'Qm
x'G5 . o;f] ubf{ k|To]s dlxgfdf s] slt dflh{g /xG5, ;f] :ki6 x'G5
. s'g} lglZrt dlxgfdf s'g} j:t'sf] yf]s d"No jflif{s ;/b/ yf]s d"No
eGbf sd x'g uO{ ahf/ dflh{g Go"g x'g uPdf ;f] dlxgfdf pQm
j:t' cfk"lt{ ug'{ hf]lvdk"0f{ x'g hfG5 .

cfk"lt{sf] sf/0fn] d"Nodf ptf/ r9fj cfpg] ePsf]n] d"No Pj+ dfFu
kl/df0f tyf ahf/ nfut / nfe ljZn]if0f sfo{ ultlzn x'g'k5{ .

r_ pkef]Qmfsf] ?rL÷rfxgf
pkef]Qmfsf] ?rL / rfxgf ljleGg k|sf/sf x'g ;S5g\ . oL k|To]ssf]
cf–cfkmgf rfxgf tyf cfjZostf x'G5g\ . vf;u/L j:t'sf] cfsf/ k|sf/,
hft, kl/df0f, u'0f:t/ cflb h:tf kIfx?n] ubf{ k|To]s pkef]Qmfsf]
pkef]udf ljleGgtf kfOG5 . pkef]Qmf /fhf x'G5 eGg] egfO{nfO{
b[li6ut u/L pkhx?sf] pTkfbg of]hgf agfpg' kb{5 .

pkef]Qmsf] rfxgfnfO{ b[li6ut gu/L pTkfbg ubf{ j:t'x?sf]

pTkfbg t j9\of] t/ vkt eg] x'g g;s]sf] pbfx/0fx? xfd|f ;fd' k|:t't
5g\ . h:t} nfnaGbLdf uf]ne]8f lgs} 7"nf] kl/df0fdf pTkfbg t
eof] t/ uf]ne]8faf6 s]rk agfpg] pBf]un] ;f] uf]8e]8f vl/b u/]g .
o;s]f d'Vo sf/0fdf pQm uf]e]8f a9L /;o'Qm lyof] t/
pBf]unfO{ a9L u'bL ePsf] uf]ne]8fsf] cfjZostf lyof] . To:t}
cfhsfn 7"nf] ;fOhsf] sfpnL tyf aGbf -k|lt uf]6f #–$ s]lhsf]_ zx/L
3/fo;L pkef]Qmfn] ;d]t b}lgs pkef]usf] nflu vl/b ug{ OR5's
x'Fb}gg\ lsgls Pp6f kl/jf/nfO{ tfhf ?kdf pkef]u ug{ o:tf] cfsf/
 7"nf] x'g] tyf nfut ;d]t a9L kg{ hfG5 . To:t} s]lx jif{ cl3 ;Dd
zx/L Onfsfsf tf/] xf]6nx?n] ;nfbsf] ?kdf k|of]u x'g]
7"nf] ;fOhsf] uf]ne]8f ef/taf6 dufpg] ub{y] lsgls xfd|f] b]zdf
pTkflbt ;fgf] uf]ne]8f t/sf/L tyf crf/ sf] ?kdf dfq k|of]u
ug{ ;lsg] lyof] .
5_ pTkfbg k|ljlw / ;fdfu|Lsf] pknAwtf
ahf/sf] dfFu cg';f/sf] kl/df0f / u'0f:t/sf] j:t' lglZrt ;dodf
cfk"lt{ ug{ pko'Qm pTkfbg k|ljlw ljBdfg 5 ls 5}g < ;f] ;d]tsf]
n]vf hf]vf ul/g' kb{5 . pko'Qm k|ljlw ljBdfg 5}g eg]
cGo :yfgdf x'g] k|ljlwsf] kl/If0f ug]{ tyf gofF k|ljlwsf] ljsf; ;d]t
ul/g' kb{5 . xfd|f] b]zdf dfFu pTk|]l/t k|ljlwsf] ljsf;sf] cem}+
sdL /x]sf] 5 . o;sf] ;fy} afujfgL If]qsf] :yfg ;'xfpFbf] k|ljlw ljsf;
Hofb} gu0o dfqfdf 5 . pko'Qm k|ljlw pknAw ePtfklg cfjZos
pTkfbg ;fdfu|Lsf] ;xh pknAwtf geP pTkfbg of]hgf ;kmn
x'g ;Sb}g .
h_ k"jf{wf/x?sf] ;'ljwf
ahf/sf k"jf{wf/x?sf] ;d'lrt ;'ljwf pknAw x'g ;s]df ;fdfGo cj:yfdf
eGbf a9L kl/df0fdf pTkfbg ug{ ;lsG5 . h:t} zLt e08f/, af6f],
ljB't jf k|zf]wg pBf]usf] ;'ljwf k|fKt ePdf cfn', Kofh, :ofp, ;'Gtnf
h:tf pkhx? d"Vo l;hgsf] ;fdfGo dfFu eGbf a9L
kl/df0fdf ;d]t ;xh} pTkfbg ug{ ;lsG5 .

xf6 ahf/
Kl/ro
S'g} lglZrt 7fpFdf tf]lsPsf] lbgdf dfq nfUg] ahf/nfO{ xf6 ahf/
elgG5 . o;/L ;do tf]Sbf ljz]if u/L cw{ ;fKtflxs, ;fKtflxs, kflIfs / dfl;s
?kdf ;~rfng ug]{ u/L tf]Sg] k|rng 5 . o; lsl;dsf] ahf/df b}lgs
cfjZostfsf j:t'x? ;fu ;AhL, df5f df;', vfBfGg, sk8f cflbsf] vl/b
laqmL x'G5 .

dxTj
 pTkflbt a:t'sf] laqmLdf ;/ntf
 7"nf Jofkf/LnfO{ u|fdL0f If]qsf] pTkfbg zx/L If]qdf
cfk"tl{ ug{sf nflu ;lhnf] dfWod
 :yfgLo :t/df b}lgs pkef]usf ;fdfu|L cfk'tL{df ;xof]u
 :yfgLo :t/df :j/f]huf/Ldf a[l4

;d"x Jofkf/
pTkfbs s[ifsx?sf] ;d"x agfO{ ;d"x dfkm{t s[ifsx?sf]
pTkfbg ;fd"lxs ?kdf ahf/df cfk"l{t u/fO{ laqmL ug]
{ Joj:yfnfO{ ;d"x Jofkf/ elgG5 . :yfgLo pTkfbg :yfgLo :t/df dfq
k"0f{ ?kdf vkt x'g g;Sg] cj:yfdf cGo ahf/x?df cfk"l{t{ ug{ ;d"x
Jofkf/ dxTjk"0f{ dfWod aGg ;S5 . ;d"xsf s[ifsx?sf] pTkfbg ;+sng
u/L ;+slnt pkh ;d"x dWo]af6 Ps jf b'O{ hgfn] ahf/df nuL laqmL
ljt/0f u/]/ k|fKt /sdaf6 ahf/ nfut s6fO{ cf–cfˆgf] kl/df0f cg';f/ /sd
afF8kmfF8 u/L lng' kb{5 .

;d"x Jofkf/sf kmfObfx?

 ahf/ ;DaGwL s[ifsx?df a9L 1fg x'G5
 k|lt OsfO{ 9'jfgL vr{ / cGo ahf/ vr{ sd x'G5 .
 s[ifsx?n] cfˆgf] pTkfbgsf] plrt d"No kfpg ;S5g\ .
 d"No tyf ahf/ ;DaGwL ;"rgf;+u s[ifsx? kl/lrt x'G5g\ .
 ;d"xut Jofkf/ ubf{ s[ifsx?sf] ;dodf art x'g uO{ ar]sf] ;do cGo
pTkfbgd"ns sfddf nufpg ;S5g\ .