Topic 1:
Tools Used in Hematology
Prepared by: Paul Aeron E. Bansil, RMT
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Objectives
At the end of the discussion,
students should be able to…
• To identify the different tools and
equipment used in the Hematology
section and determine their function.
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Hematology
• Hematology is the study of
blood and its components.
• By examining the blood
specimen, we can detect
disorders such as leukemia,
anemia, other blood diseases,
and infections, and monitor
their treatment
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Hematology
In the Hematology section,
2. Coagulation Tests 3. Erythrocyte
we can perform the
following test: - Activated Partial Sedimentation Rate
Thromboplastin
1. Complete Blood Time 4. Reticulocyte Count
Count - Prothrombin Time
- White Blood Cell count - Thrombin Time 5. Osmotic Fragility
- Differential WBC count - Bleeding Time Test
- Red Blood Cell count - Clotting Time
- Hematocrit level - D-Dimer 6. Sickle Cell Index
- Hemoglobin level
- Factor Assays
- RBC Indices
7. Special Staining
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- Platelet count
Materials used in
Hematology
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Phlebotomy Tray
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Anticoagulants in the
Hematology section
• Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
(EDTA)
- AKA Sequestrene or Versene
- Available as
Disodium/Dipotassium/Tripotassium
salt
- Most common anticoagulant in the
Hematology section
- Used for Complete Blood Counts
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Anticoagulants in the
Hematology section
• Sodium Citrate
- Used for Coagulation studies
- Light Blue-Top
• Buffered Sodium Citrate
- Used for Erythrocyte
Sedimentation Rates
- Black-top
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Anticoagulants in the
Hematology section
• Heparin
- Green-top tube
- Does not alter the size of Red
blood cells
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Microtainers
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Capillary Tubes
• Capillary Tubes
- AKA Microhematocrit
Tubes
- Collects approx. 50-70ul of
blood
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Syringe
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Evacuated tube system
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Winged Infusion set
• AKA Butterfly Infusion set
• Used for patients with
small veins
• Tube range: 8 to 15 inches
• Standard gauge for blood
collection: 23-gauge
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Lancets
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Tourniquet
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Glass Slides
- Used for viewing Blood films
and cell counting.
- For preparations of blood
smears
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Microscope
- Used for viewing Blood films
and cell counting.
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Hemoglobinometer
• Sahli’s Hemoglobinometer
- For hemoglobin determination
Principle:
- A blood sample is added to N/10
hydrochloric acid to convert the
Hemoglobin to Acid Hematin and
form a dark brown substance.
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Pipettes
• For measuring and
transferring blood
and other liquids.
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
Microhematocrit
- It is used to determine the
maximum packing of RBCs,
expressed as Packed Cell
Volume or Hematocrit
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The home icon is linked to the first slide.
ESR DETERMINATION
WESTERGREN TUBE WINTROBE TUBE
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THOMA DILUTING PIPET
• It is used for manual WBC/RBC counting
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UNOPETTE ASSEMBLY
• A valuable method for
standardizing pipetting
and diluting blood or
other body fluids.
• Used for platelet
counting
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NEUBAUER HEMOCYTOMETER
• It is used for manual
WBC/RBC counting
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MOIST CHAMBER
• Prevents the cells from
drifting around the counting
chamber.
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TALLY COUNTER
• It is used for obtaining an
accurate manual count on
blood cells
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WBC DIFFERENTIAL COUNTER
• It is used for obtaining an
accurate manual differential
count of white blood cells.
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STAINING RACK
• Holds the glass slides during
the staining procedure.
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REFERENCES
• Brown, B. (1993). Hematology: Principles and Procedures
(6th ed.) Lea & Febiger
• Steininger, C., Stein-Martin, E., Koepke, J., (1992) Clinical
Hematology: Principles, Procedures, Correlations. J. B.
Lippincott Company
• Strasinger, SK., Di Lorenzo, MJ., (2003) The Phlebotomy
Workbook 2nd Edition, F.A. Davis Company
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