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MATHEMATICS P1
SEPTEMBER 2020
PREPARATORY EXAMINATION
MARKING GUIDELINE
NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 12
MARKS: 150
TIME: 3 hours
This marking guideline consists of 13 pages.
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Mathematics P1 2 September 2020 Preparatory Examination
NSC Marking Guideline
QUESTION 1
1.1.1 𝑥 = 0 A✓✓ 0 (2)
1.1.2 −3𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 7 = 0 A✓standard form
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑥=
2𝑎
−(8) ± √(8)2 − 4(−3)(7) CA✓substitution in correct formula
𝑥=
2(−3)
CA✓CA✓answers (4)
𝑥 = −0,69 𝑜𝑟 3,36
(penalize 1 mark if rounding off is
incorrect-once here for entire paper)
1.1.3 √11 − 𝑥 − 𝑥 = 1
√11 − 𝑥 = 𝑥 + 1 A✓Isolating surd
2
(√11 − 𝑥) = (𝑥 + 1)2 A✓ squaring both sides
(5)
11 − 𝑥 = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 1
𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 10 = 0 CA✓standard form
(𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 2) = 0 CA✓factors
𝑥 = −5 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 2 CA✓answers and rejecting
𝑥 = −5 n/a
1.1.4 2.3𝑥 = 57 − 3𝑥−2
2.3𝑥 + 3𝑥−2 = 57
3𝑥 (2 + 3−2 ) = 57 A✓Removing common factor
1 CA✓Simplifying bracket
3𝑥 (2 ) = 57
9
3𝑥 = 27 = 33 CA✓3𝑥 = 27
𝑥=3 CA✓answer (4)
1.1.5 4𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 ≤ 0
𝑥(4𝑥 − 5) ≤ 0 AA✓✓ factors
(4)
5 CA✓ end points A✓ interval
0≤ 𝑥 ≤
4
(4)
Mathematics P1 3 September 2020 Preparatory Examination
NSC Marking Guideline
1.2 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 3 → (1)
2 2
𝑦 =𝑥 +𝑦+𝑥 → (2)
From (1):
𝑦 = 3 − 2𝑥 → (3) A✓making y/x the subject
Substituting (3) into (2):
(3 − 2𝑥)2 = 𝑥 2 + (3 − 2𝑥) + 𝑥 CA✓substitution
9 − 12𝑥 + 4𝑥 2 = 𝑥 2 + 3 − 2𝑥 + 𝑥
3𝑥 2 − 11𝑥 + 6 = 0
(3𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 3) = 0 CA✓standard form
2
𝑥= 𝑜𝑟 𝑥=3 CA✓x– values
3
5 (5)
𝑦= 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = −3 CA✓ y values
3
[24]
QUESTION 2
2.1 𝑇𝑘 = 6𝑘 + 96 = 2022 A✓ equating kth term to 2022
𝑘 = 321 CA✓k value
Between the 321st and 322nd terms CA✓answer (3)
2.2 T1 T2 T3 T4
1D 102 108 114
2D 6 6
2𝑎 = 6 𝑎=3 A✓a value
3𝑎 + 𝑏 = 102 𝑏 = 93 CA✓b value
9𝑎 + 3𝑏 + 𝑐 = 310 𝑐=4 CA✓c value
CA✓answer
𝑇𝑛 = 3𝑛2 + 93𝑛 + 4 (4)
OR OR
2𝑎 = 6 𝑎=3 A✓a value
3𝑎 + 𝑏 = 102 𝑏 = 93 CA✓b value
𝑇2 = 310 − 108 = 202
𝑇1 = 202 − 102 = 100
𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 = 100 𝑐=4 CA✓c value
2 CA✓answer (4)
𝑇𝑛 = 3𝑛 + 93𝑛 + 4
Mathematics P1 4 September 2020 Preparatory Examination
NSC Marking Guideline
OR OR
2𝑎 = 6 𝑎=3 A✓a – value
3𝑎 + 𝑏 = 102 𝑏 = 93 A✓b – value
𝑇2 = 310 − 108 = 202
𝑇1 = 202 − 102 = 100
CA✓formula
(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2)
𝑇𝑛 = 𝑇1 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑1 + 𝑑2
2
(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 − 2)
𝑇𝑛 = 100 + (𝑛 − 1)(102) + (6)
2
𝑇𝑛 = 100 + 102𝑛 − 102 + 3𝑛2 − 9𝑛 + 6
𝑇𝑛 = 3𝑛2 + 93𝑛 + 4 CA✓answer (4)
OR OR
2𝑎 = 6 𝑎=3 A✓a – value
3𝑎 + 𝑏 = 102 𝑏 = 93 A✓b – value
𝑇2 = 310 − 108 = 202
𝑇1 = 202 − 102 = 100
𝑛−1
𝑇𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 2)𝑑] + 𝑇1 CA✓formula
2
𝑛−1
𝑇𝑛 = [2(102) + (𝑛 − 2)(6)] + 100
2
𝑛−1
𝑇𝑛 = [204 + 6𝑛 − 12] + 100
2
𝑛−1
𝑇𝑛 = [6𝑛 + 192] + 100
2
𝑇𝑛 = (𝑛 − 1)[3𝑛 + 96] + 100
CA✓answer
𝑇𝑛 = 3𝑛2 + 93𝑛 + 4
(4)
[7]
Mathematics P1 5 September 2020 Preparatory Examination
NSC Marking Guideline
QUESTION 3
3.1.1 1 1 A✓ common difference
T𝑛 = 𝑛+
5 5
CA✓answer (2)
3.1.2 𝑛 2 1
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑] CA✓a = 5 and d = 5
2
30 2 1
𝑆30 = [2 ( ) + (30 − 1) ( )] CA✓substitution into formula
2 5 5
= 99 CA✓answer (3)
3.2 𝑛 A✓a – value and d – value
𝑆𝑛 = [2𝑎 + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
𝑛
72710 = [2(2) + (𝑛 − 1)(3)]
2 CA ✓simplifying bracket
72710 = 𝑛/2 [3𝑛 + 1)]
3𝑛2 + 𝑛 − 145420 = 0 CA ✓standard form
−𝑏 ± √𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐
𝑛=
2𝑎
−1 ± √(1)2 − 4(3)(−145420) CA ✓substitution into formula
𝑛=
2(3)
𝑛 = 220 𝑜𝑟 − 220.33
n/a CA ✓answer and rejecting (5)
[10]
QUESTION 4
4.1 𝑎 ; 𝑎𝑟 ; 𝑎𝑟 2 ; 𝑎𝑟 3 ; . ..
𝑎 + 𝑎𝑟 = 4(𝑎𝑟 2 + 𝑎𝑟 3 ) A✓ 𝑎 + 𝑎𝑟
A✓ 4(𝑎𝑟 2 + 𝑎𝑟 3 )
𝑎(1 + 𝑟) = 4𝑎𝑟 2 (1 + 𝑟) A✓factorising
𝑎 = 4𝑎𝑟 2 𝑟 ≠ −1 A✓simplifying
1 (4)
𝑟2 = ; 𝑎 >0
4
1
𝑟= ; 𝑎 >0
2
4.2 𝑎 A✓equating sum to infinity to 3
𝑆∞ = =3
1−𝑟
𝑎
𝑆∞ = 1=3
1−2
3
𝑎= CA✓answer (2)
2
[6]
Mathematics P1 6 September 2020 Preparatory Examination
NSC Marking Guideline
QUESTION 5
5.1 𝑥 = −3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = −1 A✓𝑥 = −3 (2)
A✓𝑦 = −1
5.2 5 A✓y – intercept
𝑦 − intercept : (0 ; − )
6
1
𝑥 − intercept: −1=0
2(𝑥 + 3)
2𝑥 + 6 = 1 1
A✓2𝑥 + 6 = 1 𝑜𝑟A✓𝑥 + 3 = 2
1
𝑥 = −2
2 CA✓x – intercept (3)
1
(−2 ; 0) (co-ordinate form not needed)
2
5.3 y CA✓x -intercepts
CA✓y - intercept
CA✓both
asymptotes
g A✓shape
(4)
-3 -2.5 x
O
-5/6
-1
[9]
Mathematics P1 7 September 2020 Preparatory Examination
NSC Marking Guideline
QUESTION 6
6.1 A(0; 2) A✓answer (Must be in coordinate (1)
form)
6.2 1 2 A✓equating
−𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 2 = 𝑥 −𝑥
2
3 2
0= 𝑥 − 2𝑥 − 2
2 CA✓standard form
0 = 3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 − 4
(3𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 2) = 0
2 CA✓x – values
𝑥=− 𝑜𝑟 𝑥= 2
3
8
𝑦= 𝑜𝑟 𝑦= 0 CA✓y – values
9
2 8 CA✓Writing in coordinate form (5)
C (− ; ) & D( 2 ; 0)
3 9
6.3 2 2 (2)
𝑥≤− 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ≥ 2 CA✓ 𝑥 ≤ − 3
3 CA✓ 𝑥 ≥ 2
6.4 1 A✓subtraction of both graphs
Length of PQ = −𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 2 − ( 𝑥 2 − 𝑥)
2
3 2 CA✓equating in standard form
L = − 𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 2
2
𝑏 2 2 CA✓Axis of symmetry value
𝑥=− = − −3 =
2𝑎 2( ) 3 2
OR or
2
L′ = −3𝑥 + 2 = 0 ∴ 𝑥 = CA✓Axis of symmetry value
3
Maximum value of PQ (4)
3 2 2 2
= − ( ) + 2( ) + 2
2 3 3
8 2 CA✓AO value
= = 2 = 2,67 units
3 3
6.5 𝑓(𝑥) = −𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 2
𝑓 / (𝑥) = −2𝑥 + 1 = 3 AA✓✓derivative and equating to 3
A✓answer (3)
𝑥 = −1
6.6 1 A✓ Axis of symmetry value
Axis of symmetry: 𝑥=
2 CA✓ maximum value of f
1 2 1 1
Maximum value: 𝑦 = − ( ) + + 2 = 2
2 2 4 CA✓end points (4)
1
2<𝑘<2 A✓interval
4
[19]
Mathematics P1 8 September 2020 Preparatory Examination
NSC Marking Guideline
QUESTION 7
7.1 Inverse: 𝑥 = log 3 𝑦 A✓ 𝑥 = log 3 𝑦 (2)
𝑦 = 3𝑥 A✓ 𝑦 = 3𝑥
Answer only full marks
7.2 𝑦 > 0 or 𝑦 ∈ (0 ; ∞) A✓answer (1)
7.3 2𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥 = −6 A✓dividing by 2
𝑙𝑜𝑔3 𝑥 = −3 A✓writing in exponential form
1
𝑥 = 3−3 = CA✓end points
27 A✓ interval
1 (4)
0<𝑥≤ Can be solved by log inequalities.
27
[7]
QUESTION 8
8.1 𝐴 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑖)𝑛
𝑖 72 A✓for using 3P and P
3𝑃 = 𝑃 (1 + ) A✓n =72
12
72
𝑖 = 12( √3 − 1) CA✓making i the subject
(4)
𝑖 = 0,1845
Annual interest rate is 18,45 % p.a. CA✓ answer
8.2.1 𝑥[1 − (1 + 𝑖)−𝑛 ] A✓value of n
𝑃=
𝑖 A✓value of i
0.12 −60 CA✓substitution into correct
𝑥 [1 − (1 + ) ]
12 formula
192 000 = 0.12
12 (4)
𝑥 = 𝑅4270,93 CA✓answer
8.2.2 𝑥[1 − (1 + 𝑖)−𝑛 ]
𝑃=
𝑖 A✓Present value formula
0.12 −15 A✓value of n
4270,93 [1 − (1 + ) ]
12 CA✓substitution into correct
= 0.12
formula
12
= 𝑅59216,72421 CA✓answer
Mathematics P1 9 September 2020 Preparatory Examination
NSC Marking Guideline
OR OR (4)
𝐴 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑖)𝑛 A✓Substitution into Compound
45
0.12 Interest Formula
𝐴 = 192 000 (1 + )
12
=R300 443,6635 CA✓substitution into Future Value
𝑥[(1 + 𝑖)𝑛 − 1] Formula
𝐹=
𝑖
0.12 45
4270,934 [(1 + 12 ) − 1]
𝐹= 0.12
12
=R241 226,9424
CA✓A – F
Balance on Loan CA✓answer
= R300 443,6635 −R241 226,9424
= R59216,7211
(4)
[15]
QUESTION 9(penalize 1 mark once for incorrect notation in this question)
9.1 /
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) A✓formula
𝑓 (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
2
(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑏(𝑥 + ℎ) − (𝑥 2 − 𝑏𝑥)
𝑓 / (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ A✓substitution
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥ℎ + ℎ2 − 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑏ℎ − 𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥
𝑓 / (𝑥) = lim CA✓ simplification of numerator
ℎ→0 ℎ
2𝑥ℎ + ℎ2 − 𝑏ℎ (5)
𝑓 / (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
ℎ(2𝑥 + ℎ − 𝑏) CA✓factorization
𝑓 / (𝑥) = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
𝑓 / (𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 𝑏 CA✓answer
OR
OR
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) = (𝑥 + ℎ)2 − 𝑏(𝑥 + ℎ)
A✓value of f(x+h)
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) = 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥ℎ + ℎ2 − 𝑏𝑥 − 𝑏ℎ
CA✓ simplification
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥ℎ + ℎ2 − 𝑏ℎ
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) 2𝑥ℎ + ℎ2 − 𝑏ℎ
=
ℎ ℎ
𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥) ℎ(2𝑥 + ℎ − 𝑏) CA✓factorization
=
ℎ ℎ
Mathematics P1 10 September 2020 Preparatory Examination
NSC Marking Guideline
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = lim (2𝑥 + ℎ − 𝑏) (5)
ℎ→0
A✓formula
𝑓 ′ (𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 𝑏
CA✓answer
9.2.1 𝑑 𝑥4 3
[ − 3 √𝑥 + 7]
𝑑𝑥 4
𝑑 𝑥4 1
[ − 3𝑥3 + 7] A✓rewriting in exponential form
𝑑𝑥 4
2
= 𝑥 3 − 𝑥 −3 CA✓CA✓derivatives (3)
1 2
9.2.2 𝑦 = (𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 3 )2
2 4
𝑦 = 𝑥 3 − 4𝑥 + 4𝑥 3 A✓ simplification
𝑑𝑦 2 −1 16 1 CA✓CA✓ CA✓each term
= 𝑥 3 − 4 + 𝑥3
𝑑𝑥 3 3 (4)
[12]
QUESTION 10
10.1
10.1.1 x = – 5 or x = 1 A✓A✓ (2)
10.1.2 x = – 4 or x = 0 A✓A✓ (2)
10.2 𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 1) A✓substitution of intercepts
−15 = 𝑎(0 + 5)(0 − 1) A✓ a – value
−15 = −5𝑎 A✓substitution of a – value and
3=𝑎 intercepts into equation (3)
𝑦 = 3(𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 1) = 3𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 15
OR OR
𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 𝑝)2 + 𝑞
𝑦 = 𝑎(𝑥 + 2)2 + 𝑞
(0 ; – 15 ) : −15 = 𝑎(0 + 2)2 + 𝑞
−15 = 4𝑎 + 𝑞 …. (1) A✓equation (1) and (2)
2
(1 ; 0 ) : 0 = 𝑎(1 + 2) + 𝑞
0 = 9𝑎 + 𝑞 …. (2)
(2) – (1) : 15 = 5𝑎 ∴ 𝑎 = 3 A✓a – value
0 = 27 + 𝑞 ∴ 𝑞 = −27 A✓q – value (3)
𝑦 = 3(𝑥 + 2)2 − 27
𝑦 = 3(𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4) − 27
𝑦 = 3𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 15
10.3 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 3 + 𝑏𝑥 2 + 𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑
𝑓 / (𝑥) = 3𝑎𝑥 2 + 2𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 A✓ derivative
𝑓 / (𝑥) = 3𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 15
Equating coefficients of equal polynomials
3𝑎 = 3 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2𝑏 = 12 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 = −15 (4)
𝑎 = 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏 = 6 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐 = −15 A✓values of a,b and c
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 + 𝑑
Mathematics P1 11 September 2020 Preparatory Examination
NSC Marking Guideline
𝑓(−3) = (−3)3 + 6(−3)2 − 15(−3) + 𝑑 A✓substitution of x = – 3
𝑓(−3) = −27 + 54 + 45 + 𝑑
0 = 72 + 𝑑
−72 = 𝑑 A✓d – value
OR
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 + 6𝑥 2 − 15𝑥 + 𝑑 A✓ anti derivative
𝑓(−3) = (−3)3 + 6(−3)2 − 15(−3) + 𝑑 A✓substitution (4)
𝑓(−3) = −27 + 54 + 45 + 𝑑 A✓simplification
0 = 72 + 𝑑
−72 = 𝑑 A✓d – value
10.4 𝑥 = −5 ∶
𝑦 = (−5)3 + 6(−5)2 − 15(−5) − 72 = 28 CA✓y – value
(−5 ; 28) maximum point CA✓maximum point
𝑥=1∶
𝑦 = (1)3 + 12(1)2 − 15(1) − 72 = −74 CA✓y – value
(1 ; −74) minimum point CA✓ minimum point (4)
10.5 3𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 15 = 𝑡 A✓equating derivative to gradient
3𝑥 2 + 12𝑥 − 15 − 𝑡 = 0 of tangent
∆= 𝑏 2 − 4𝑎𝑐 = 0 A✓standard form
∆= (12)2 − 4(3)(−15 − 𝑡) = 0 A✓discriminant = 0
144 + 180 + 12𝑡 = 0 A✓substitution
12𝑡 = −324
𝑡 = −27 A✓t – value (5)
[20]
QUESTION 11
11.1 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥ℎ A ✓Total Surface Area (3)
𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 = 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥ℎ
𝑉 = 𝑥 2 ℎ = 1000
1000
A✓ℎ =
1000 𝑥2
ℎ= 2
𝑥
1000
𝐴 = 4𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 ( ) A✓Substitution for h
𝑥2
4000
𝐴 = 4𝑥 2 +
𝑥
Mathematics P1 12 September 2020 Preparatory Examination
NSC Marking Guideline
11.2 𝐴 = 4𝑥 2 + 4000𝑥 −1
CA✓derivative
𝐴/ = 8𝑥 − 4000𝑥 −2 = 0 CA✓derivative and equal to 0
4000
8𝑥 =
𝑥2
3
CA✓𝑥 3 = 500
𝑥 = 500
3
𝑥 = √500 = 7,94 𝑐𝑚 CA✓x – value
1000 CA✓substitution of x
ℎ= = 15,86 𝑐𝑚
(7,94)2 CA✓h – value
Alternatively if learners used: 𝐴 = 4𝑥 2 + 400𝑥 −1
CA✓derivative
𝐴/ = 8𝑥 − 400𝑥 −2 = 0
CA✓derivative and equal to 0
400
8𝑥 = (6)
𝑥2
3
CA✓𝑥 = 50
𝑥 3 = 50
3
𝑥 = √50 = 3,68 𝑐𝑚 CA✓x – value
CA✓substitution of x
1000
ℎ= = 73,84 𝑐𝑚
(3,68)2 CA✓h – value
[9]
Mathematics P1 13 September 2020 Preparatory Examination
NSC Marking Guideline
QUESTION 12
OUTCOMES PROBABILITIES
0.98 P AP 49/250 = 0.196
A
0.02 NP ANP 1/250 = 0.004
0.2
0.97 P BP 291/1000 = 0.291
0.3 B
0.03 NP BNP 9/1000 = 0.009
0.5 0.92 P CP 23/50 = 0.46
0.08 NP CNP 1/25 = 0.04
A✓ A✓ A✓ A✓ (4)
12.2.1 9 A✓Answer (1)
= 0,009
1000
12.2.2 P(NP) = P(ANP) + P(BNP) + P(CNP) A✓ formula (3)
= 0,004 + 0,009 + 0,04 CA✓substitution
53 CA✓answer
= 0,053 = 1000 = 5,3 %
[8]
Mathematics P1 14 September 2020 Preparatory Examination
NSC Marking Guideline
QUESTION 13
Like ice-cream (L) Do not like ice-cream(D) Total
Boys (B) 65 30 95
Girls (G) 70 55 125
Total 135 85 220
13.1 68,42 % AA✓✓answer (2)
13.2 65 13 65 13 (2)
P(BL) = = = 0,2955 A A ✓✓ 220 𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑟 0,2955
44
220 44
13.3 95 19 95 19
P(B ) = = = 0,4318 CA✓ 𝑜𝑟 𝑜𝑟 0,4318
220 44
220 44
95 135 CA✓probability of product
P(B) × 𝑃(𝐿) = ×
220 220
513
= = 0,2650
1936
P(B) × 𝑃(𝐿) ≠ 𝑃(𝐵𝐿) CA✓conclusion (3)
Events are not independent.
[7]
Total: 150
