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.Trashed-1753648060-Indus Water Treaty Assignment

The Indus Water Treaty, signed in 1960 between Pakistan and India, aimed to resolve water-sharing disputes post-partition by allocating control over six major rivers. Despite ongoing tensions and challenges such as India's hydroelectric projects and climate change, the treaty has largely remained functional, with both countries showing commitment to its terms. Future sustainability of the treaty may require renewed dialogue, technical collaboration, and joint water management to address rising environmental and demand-related challenges.

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13 views2 pages

.Trashed-1753648060-Indus Water Treaty Assignment

The Indus Water Treaty, signed in 1960 between Pakistan and India, aimed to resolve water-sharing disputes post-partition by allocating control over six major rivers. Despite ongoing tensions and challenges such as India's hydroelectric projects and climate change, the treaty has largely remained functional, with both countries showing commitment to its terms. Future sustainability of the treaty may require renewed dialogue, technical collaboration, and joint water management to address rising environmental and demand-related challenges.

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hoodmuhammad733
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Ideology of Pakistan Constitution

Assignment
Topic: Indus Water Treaty

1. Background:
The Indus Water Treaty (IWT) was signed on September 19, 1960, between Pakistan and
India, under the mediation of the World Bank. The purpose of the treaty was to resolve
water-sharing disputes between the two countries after the partition of British India in
1947. Partition had divided the Indus Basin between India (upstream) and Pakistan
(downstream), leading to conflict over water access. The treaty allocated control over the
six major rivers of the Indus system:
- Western Rivers: Indus, Jhelum, Chenab – allocated to Pakistan
- Eastern Rivers: Ravi, Beas, Sutlej – allocated to India

2. Implementation:
The treaty laid out a detailed framework:
- India could use the western rivers for non-consumptive needs like irrigation, hydroelectric
power, and navigation.
- Pakistan was given exclusive rights over western rivers and could monitor India's usage
through regular data sharing.
- A Permanent Indus Commission was established with representatives from both countries
to ensure compliance and resolve disputes.
- Funding from the World Bank and other donors helped Pakistan build replacement canals
and storage works.

3. Current Analysis:
Despite multiple wars and ongoing tensions between India and Pakistan, the Indus Water
Treaty has remained largely intact and functional. However, there have been challenges:
- India’s development of hydroelectric projects (like Kishanganga and Ratle) on the western
rivers raised concerns in Pakistan about reduced water flow.
- Climate change and glacial melting pose long-term risks to river flows and water security.
- Political tensions sometimes threaten the treaty's stability. For example, after the 2016 Uri
attack, Indian leaders discussed reviewing the treaty as a pressure tactic.
- Recent talks facilitated by the World Bank in 2023–2024 reflect ongoing diplomatic efforts
to resolve disputes through technical negotiations.

4. Conclusion:
The Indus Water Treaty stands as a rare and successful example of long-term cooperation
between two hostile neighbors. Despite political and security tensions, both countries have
shown commitment to the treaty. However, rising environmental challenges, increasing
water demand, and regional instability call for renewed dialogue and cooperation.
Strengthening technical collaboration, transparency, and joint water management could
ensure the treaty’s sustainability in the future.

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