DEP SPECIFICATION

HVAC FOR OFFSHORE INSTALLATIONS

(AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO ISO 15138)
Copyright Shell Group of Companies. No reproduction or networking permitted without license from Shell. Not for resale

DEP 37.76.10.10-Gen.

February 2017

DESIGN AND ENGINEERING PRACTICE

DEM1

© 2017 Shell Group of companies

All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, published or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior
written permission of the copyright owner or Shell Global Solutions International BV.

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PREFACE

DEP (Design and Engineering Practice) publications reflect the views, at the time of publication, of Shell Global Solutions
International B.V. (Shell GSI) and, in some cases, of other Shell Companies.
These views are based on the experience acquired during involvement with the design, construction, operation and
maintenance of processing units and facilities. Where deemed appropriate DEPs are based on, or reference international,
regional, national and industry standards.
The objective is to set the standard for good design and engineering practice to be applied by Shell companies in oil and
gas production, oil refining, gas handling, gasification, chemical processing, or any other such facility, and thereby to help
achieve maximum technical and economic benefit from standardization.
The information set forth in these publications is provided to Shell companies for their consideration and decision to
implement. This is of particular importance where DEPs may not cover every requirement or diversity of condition at each
locality. The system of DEPs is expected to be sufficiently flexible to allow individual Operating Units to adapt the
information set forth in DEPs to their own environment and requirements.
When Contractors or Manufacturers/Suppliers use DEPs, they shall be solely responsible for such use, including the
quality of their work and the attainment of the required design and engineering standards. In particular, for those
requirements not specifically covered, the Principal will typically expect them to follow those design and engineering
practices that will achieve at least the same level of integrity as reflected in the DEPs. If in doubt, the Contractor or
Manufacturer/Supplier shall, without detracting from his own responsibility, consult the Principal.
The right to obtain and to use DEPs is restricted, and is typically granted by Shell GSI (and in some cases by other Shell
Companies) under a Service Agreement or a License Agreement. This right is granted primarily to Shell companies and
other companies receiving technical advice and services from Shell GSI or another Shell Company. Consequently, three
categories of users of DEPs can be distinguished:
1) Operating Units having a Service Agreement with Shell GSI or another Shell Company. The use of DEPs by these
Operating Units is subject in all respects to the terms and conditions of the relevant Service Agreement.
2) Other parties who are authorised to use DEPs subject to appropriate contractual arrangements (whether as part of
a Service Agreement or otherwise).
3) Contractors/subcontractors and Manufacturers/Suppliers under a contract with users referred to under 1) or 2)
which requires that tenders for projects, materials supplied or - generally - work performed on behalf of the said
users comply with the relevant standards.
Subject to any particular terms and conditions as may be set forth in specific agreements with users, Shell GSI disclaims
any liability of whatsoever nature for any damage (including injury or death) suffered by any company or person
whomsoever as a result of or in connection with the use, application or implementation of any DEP, combination of DEPs
or any part thereof, even if it is wholly or partly caused by negligence on the part of Shell GSI or other Shell Company. The
benefit of this disclaimer shall inure in all respects to Shell GSI and/or any Shell Company, or companies affiliated to these
companies, that may issue DEPs or advise or require the use of DEPs.
Without prejudice to any specific terms in respect of confidentiality under relevant contractual arrangements, DEPs shall
not, without the prior written consent of Shell GSI, be disclosed by users to any company or person whomsoever and the
DEPs shall be used exclusively for the purpose for which they have been provided to the user. They shall be returned
after use, including any copies which shall only be made by users with the express prior written consent of Shell GSI. The
copyright of DEPs vests in Shell Group of companies. Users shall arrange for DEPs to be held in safe custody and Shell
GSI may at any time require information satisfactory to them in order to ascertain how users implement this requirement.
All administrative queries should be directed to the DEP Administrator in Shell GSI.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................... 4
1.1 SCOPE ....................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS ......... 4
1.3 DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................. 4
1.4 CROSS-REFERENCES ............................................................................................. 5
1.5 SUMMARY OF MAIN CHANGES ............................................................................... 5
1.6 COMMENTS ON THIS DEP ....................................................................................... 5
1.7 DUAL UNITS............................................................................................................... 5
1.8 NON NORMATIVE TEXT (COMMENTARY) .............................................................. 5
PART II GENERAL .................................................................................................................. 6
PART III AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO ISO 15138:2007 ............................................ 7
2 Normative references ............................................................................................... 7
4 Abbreviated terms .................................................................................................... 8
5 Design ........................................................................................................................ 8
5.2 Development of design basis ...................................................................................... 8
5.3 System design – General ......................................................................................... 17
5.4 Area-specific system design ..................................................................................... 23
Annex A Equipment and bulk selection .............................................................................. 30
A.1 General ..................................................................................................................... 30
A.2 Louvres and hoods ................................................................................................... 30
A.3 Moisture separators and filters ................................................................................. 30
A.4 Heating coils and unit heaters .................................................................................. 31
A.5 Cooling coils and fan-coil units ................................................................................. 32
A.6 Humidifiers ................................................................................................................ 33
A.7 Fans .......................................................................................................................... 35
A.8 Sound attenuation ..................................................................................................... 38
A.9 Fire dampers ............................................................................................................. 38
A.10 General Dampers...................................................................................................... 40
A.11 Grilles and diffusers .................................................................................................. 41
A.12 Air-handling units (AHUs) ......................................................................................... 41
A.13 Refrigeration packages ............................................................................................. 43
A.16 Ducts ......................................................................................................................... 44
A.17 Equipment nameplates ............................................................................................. 52
A.18 Lifting facilities ........................................................................................................... 52
Annex E Standard data for flanges ...................................................................................... 53
Annex F Temporary refuge leak testing .............................................................................. 55
F.1 General ..................................................................................................................... 55
F.2 Leak testing ............................................................................................................... 55
F.3 Leak test procedure .................................................................................................. 56
F.4 Treatment of test results ........................................................................................... 57
F.5 Documentation .......................................................................................................... 59
PART IV REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 60

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PART I INTRODUCTION

1.1 SCOPE
This DEP specifies requirements and provides guidance for the design, installation, testing
and commissioning of Heating, Ventilation and Air-conditioning (HVAC) systems for
offshore installations of the petroleum and natural gas industries.
This DEP is based on ISO 15138:2007. The design of HVAC systems will be particular to
each installation; therefore, this DEP is written to provide both requirements and guidance
in a similar way to ISO 15138:2007.
This DEP contains mandatory requirements to mitigate process safety risks in accordance
with Design Engineering Manual (DEM) 1 – Application of Technical Standards.
This DEP is not applicable retroactively.
This is a revision of the DEP of the same number dated February 2014; see (1.5) regarding
the changes.

1.2 DISTRIBUTION, INTENDED USE AND REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS

Unless otherwise authorised by Shell GSI, the distribution of this DEP is confined to Shell
companies and, where necessary, to Contractors and Manufacturers/Suppliers nominated
by them. Any authorised access to DEPs does not for that reason constitute an
authorization to any documents, data or information to which the DEPs may refer.
This DEP is intended for use in facilities related to offshore exploration and production
facilities. This DEP may also be applied in other similar facilities.
When DEPs are applied, a Management of Change (MOC) process shall be implemented;
this is of particular importance when existing facilities are to be modified.
If national and/or local regulations exist in which some of the requirements could be more
stringent than in this DEP, the Contractor shall determine by careful scrutiny which of the
requirements are the more stringent and which combination of requirements will be
acceptable with regards to the safety, environmental, economic and legal aspects. In all
cases the Contractor shall inform the Principal of any deviation from the requirements of
this DEP which is considered to be necessary in order to comply with national and/or local
regulations. The Principal may then negotiate with the Authorities concerned, the objective
being to obtain agreement to follow this DEP as closely as possible.

1.3 DEFINITIONS
1.3.1 General definitions
The Contractor is the party that carries out all or part of the design, engineering,
procurement, construction, commissioning or management of a project or operation of a
facility. The Principal may undertake all or part of the duties of the Contractor.
The Manufacturer/Supplier is the party that manufactures or supplies equipment and
services to perform the duties specified by the Contractor.
The Principal is the party that initiates the project and ultimately pays for it. The Principal
may also include an agent or consultant authorised to act for, and on behalf of, the
Principal.
The word shall indicates a requirement.
The capitalised term SHALL [PS] indicates a process safety requirement.
The word should indicates a recommendation.
The word may indicates a permitted option.

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1.4 CROSS-REFERENCES
Where cross-references to other parts of this DEP are made, the referenced section or
clause number is shown in brackets ( ). Other documents referenced by this DEP are listed
in (Part IV).

1.5 SUMMARY OF MAIN CHANGES

This is a revision of the DEP of the same number dated February 2014. The following are
the main changes.

Section/Clause Change
All Restructured and clarified requirements, enforced shall/should.

1.6 COMMENTS ON THIS DEP

Comments on this DEP may be submitted to the Administrator using one of the following
options:

Shell DEPs Online Enter the Shell DEPs Online system at

https://www.shelldeps.com
(Users with access to
Select a DEP and then go to the details screen for
Shell DEPs Online)
that DEP.
Click on the “Give feedback” link, fill in the online
form and submit.

DEP Feedback System Enter comments directly in the DEP Feedback

System which is accessible from the Technical
(Users with access to
Standards Portal http://sww.shell.com/standards.
Shell Wide Web)
Select “Submit DEP Feedback”, fill in the online form
and submit.

DEP Standard Form Use DEP Standard Form 00.00.05.80-Gen. to record

feedback and email the form to the Administrator at
(other users)
[email protected].

Feedback that has been registered in the DEP Feedback System by using one of the above
options will be reviewed by the DEP Custodian for potential improvements to the DEP.

1.7 DUAL UNITS

This DEP contains both the International System (SI) units, as well as the corresponding
US Customary (USC) units, which are given following the SI units in brackets. When
agreed by the Principal, the indicated USC values/units may be used.

1.8 NON NORMATIVE TEXT (COMMENTARY)

Text shown in italic style in this DEP indicates text that is non-normative and is provided as
explanation or background information only.
Non-normative text is normally indented slightly to the right of the relevant DEP clause.

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PART II GENERAL
1. Part III of this DEP is written as amendments and supplements to ISO 15138:2007.
Wherever reference is made to ISO 15138, it shall be understood to mean
ISO 15138:2007 as amended/supplemented by this DEP.
2. For ease of reference, the clause numbering of ISO 15138 has been used throughout
(Part III) of this DEP.
3. Clauses and Annexes of ISO 15138, which are not mentioned in this DEP, shall
remain valid as written.

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PART III AMENDMENTS/SUPPLEMENTS TO ISO 15138:2007

2 Normative references
Add the following:
EN 14986, Design of Fans Working in Potentially Explosive Atmospheres.
Area Classification Code for Installations Handling Flammable Fluids. Part 15 of the
IP Model Code of Practice in the Petroleum Industry.
B&ES DW144, Specification for sheet metal ductwork, low, medium & high
pressure/velocity air systems.
EN 13779, Ventilation for buildings, performance requirements for ventilation and air-
conditioning systems.
EN 288-3: Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials.
Welding procedure tests for the arc welding of steels.
EN 378 (parts 1, 2 and 3): Refrigerating Systems and Heat Pumps – Safety and
Environmental Requirements.
BS 5422: Method for Specifying Thermal Insulating Materials for Pipes, Tanks,
Vessels, Ductwork and Equipment.
BS 5970: Code of Practice for Thermal Insulation of Pipework and Equipment.
ASHRAE 62.1, Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality.
ANSI/SMACNA 006: HVAC Duct Construction Standards - Metal and Flexible.
SOLAS, International convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, latest version and
amendments.
NMD, Norwegian Maritime Directorate regulations.

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4 Abbreviated terms
Add:
AHU Air Handling Unit
CBM Condition-based maintenance.
CFC Chlorofluorocarbon (refrigerant gas).
DX Direct Expansion
F&G Fire and Gas.
GWP Global Warming Potential
HCFC Hydro-chlorofluorocarbon (refrigerant gas).
HFC Hydro-fluorocarbon (refrigerant gas).
HMI Human-machine interface.
HVAC Heating, Cooling and Air Conditioning
HVCA Heating and ventilation Contractors’ association.
IPF Instrumented protective function.
LBL Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory
MS Mild steel.
ODP Ozone Depletion Potential
RSA Rolled steel angle.
SMACNA Sheet metal and air conditioning Contractors’ national association.
TEWI Total Equivalent Warming Impact.
TR Temporary Refuge.

5 Design

5.2 Development of design basis

5.2.1 Orientation and layout
5.2.1.1 Objective
Add new paragraph:
1. For each plant/installation a HVAC design philosophy shall be established and
included as a project document.
2. The philosophy shall include the following:
a. process safety requirements;
b. safety-critical functions;
c. HVAC control philosophy and HVAC controls interfaces with installation
control and safety systems.

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Add new sub-clause:

5.2.1.4 Interfaces
1. The Contractor shall coordinate the HVAC design, procurement and construction
aspects to ensure that all disciplines’ requirements are understood and allowed for.
a. This shall include all design and operational interfaces and spatial coordination.
5.2.2 Hazardous area classification and the role of HVAC
5.2.2.1 Objective
Add the following new clauses:
1. The segregation of hazardous and non-hazardous areas by means of structure
that is specifically designed to be gas-tight and by allowing for hazardous area
‘wrap around’ as appropriate should be used where possible.
This methodology is preferred because it can relieve the requirement for
HVAC systems to provide pressurisation for compliance with the adopted
hazardous area classification standard.
2. The structure that provides such segregation shall be considered as safety-critical
item.
5.2.2.2 Functional requirements
Replace existing section with new sub-sections:

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5.2.2.2.1 Process safety requirements

1. HVAC design SHALL [PS] incorporate the following process safety functions:
a. Non-hazardous enclosed facilities to be maintained at a pressure of 50 Pascals
(0.2 in wg) above that of an adjacent hazardous area when the non-hazardous
area boundary is in contact with the hazardous area and the segregating
structure is not gas-tight.
b. Provision of ventilation airflow rates for hazardous facilities at a rate meeting the
requirements of ‘adequate’ as defined by the applicable DEP 80.00.10.10-Gen. or
DEP 80.00.10.13-Gen.
Alternative approaches could be required for cold climates where it is
unfeasible to heat large airflows.
c. HVAC equipment located in a hazardous area or potentially handling a flammable
mixture of air and gas be designed, constructed and certified in accordance with
applicable standards (e.g., ATEX, API or IEC) to prevent it from acting as a point
of ignition.
d. Gas shut-off dampers be installed at air intakes and outlets for HVAC systems
serving all enclosed facilities.
e. Mechanically-ventilated enclosed hazardous facilities be negatively pressurised
where there is major risk from toxic gas.
f. HVAC systems to be shut down (including closure of fire/gas dampers) when
required to do so by Fire and Gas or Safety system design requirements.
g. Battery rooms be ventilated to prevent accumulation of hydrogen gas.
2. Refer to DEP 32.30.20.11-Gen. for design and operation of fire, gas and smoke
detection systems, and DEP 80.80.00.11-Gen. for control and mitigation of fires and
explosions on offshore production installations.

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5.2.2.2.2 Safety-critical functions

1. The design and function of HVAC systems shall comply with the governing area
classification standard.
a. Refer also to DEP 80.00.10.10-Gen. or DEP 80.00.10.13-Gen.
2. Safety-critical functions shall be determined in conjunction with Safety discipline and
include the following:
a. Pressurisation of non-hazardous areas.
b. Segregation of hazardous and non-hazardous areas by means of imperforate
structure.
c. Gas and smoke detection at HVAC air intakes.
i. Refer to DEP 32.30.20.11-Gen for Design and operation of fire, gas and
smoke detection systems.
d. Fire/gas dampers shall close air intakes and outlets of a module and to maintain
fire barrier ratings both external and internal.
e. Externally located HVAC equipment shall not be capable of acting as a point of
ignition to a flammable gas.
i. This is achieved by classifying external equipment as suitable for zone 2
(ATEX, API 505 or IEC), or Division 2 (API 500).
ii. Any HVAC equipment that has to operate in an emergency shall be suitable
for zone 1 (ATEX or IEC) or Division 1 (API 500).
f. Leak-tightness of structures containing equipment that will remain live and which
could be subjected to a gas cloud following a major release event.
g. Ventilation rates of hazardous areas are in relation to area classification
requirement.
Hazardous area ventilation is to ensure adequate air distribution and
prevention of stagnant areas where gas could accumulate.
h. Availability of power in situations when safety-critical functions are required.
i. Requirements for a Temporary Refuge.

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5.2.2.2.3 Process-critical functions

1. Process-critical functions shall include the following:
a. Minimum equipment ratings to provide a suitable operating environment during
normal operation to ensure reliability of the equipment;
Reliability of equipment is a function of load-bearing capacity and actual
required load.
b. Equipment sparing to allow for reliability and maintenance issues, with automatic
changeover to maintain continuity of service;
c. Availability of electrical power and the sources of power supplies used for HVAC
systems;
d. Equipment tripping philosophy and operation in emergency conditions.
Equipment tripping philosophy includes the load-shedding sequence for HVAC
equipment.
5.2.3 Environmental conditions
5.2.3.3 Detailed requirements

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5.2.3.3.1 External meteorological conditions

rd
Add to 3 paragraph ending ‘... extremes are encountered’:
Note that HVAC external design conditions will usually be different (less extreme)
from project nominal outside design temperatures, which are based on extreme
values for equipment and structures to withstand.
Add new paragraphs at end:
Where HVAC cooling is required, the value of outside relative humidity that is
adopted for design has a big effect on resultant cooling capacity and equipment
ratings. It is important to make adequate allowance without over-sizing equipment,
so the objective is to select an appropriate level of relative humidity coincident with
summer design temperature (effectively the enthalpy) that will cover a suitably high
percentage of summer conditions.
1. The following approach should be followed:
a. Obtain weather data showing the frequency distribution of monthly coincident
values of relative humidity and dry-bulb temperature
b. Select values of relative humidity coincident with temperature that cover 80%
(suggested value) of time-based occurrences
c. Express the selected value as relative humidity at summer design dry-bulb
temperature
2. The value of 75% RH at summer design dry-bulb temperature may be used as default
value.
3. Where the 75% RH at summer design dry-bulb temperature is used as default value,
this should be checked for each project.

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5.2.3.3.4 Internal environmental conditions

Amend Table 2 for the following:
1. The minimum design temperature for control room, radio room, cabins and offices
shall be 21 °C (70 °F).
Add footnotes to table:
1. For calculations of heating requirements allowance may be used for heat gains
from equipment where they are continuous day and night during normal
operation.
2. For installations operating in hot climates, the maximum design temperatures of
unmanned process, utility and plant areas may be increased above 35 °C (95 °F)
to allow use of fresh air cooling provided it is assessed in relation any human
activities (e.g., maintenance visits) and suitability for equipment operation.
5.2.5 Selection of controls philosophy
5.2.5.3 Detailed requirements

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5.2.5.3.1 General
Delete first two paragraphs. Insert new paragraph:
1. For new installations, or major changes to existing installations, the HVAC
controls shall be arranged as follows:
a. HVAC controls, logic, alarms, status indication and HMI be incorporated into
the installation control/monitoring/safety systems (by the main automation
Contractor), except for specialist HVAC equipment packages.
b. Local HVAC interface panels be included (e.g., in HVAC plant rooms, living
quarters, non-hazardous modules).
c. Local panel provide as a minimum; local status indication of HVAC plant,
fire/gas dampers and to enable local manual switching for maintenance
purposes.
d. Status indication be provided by means of a serial link.
2. For small installations, or those not normally manned, the HVAC controls shall be
arranged as follows:
a. Local HVAC control panels with HMI providing logic, alarms and status
indication.
b. Interfaces between HVAC control panel and installation control/safety
systems for transmission of alarms, equipment status and permissive
signals.
3. All control system arrangements shall include the following:
a. The HMI to provide a mimic diagram of the HVAC system, including fire/gas
dampers.
b. Controls for specialist packaged equipment such as chillers, direct-
expansion cooling systems and humidifiers may use the Manufacturer’s
standard controls as stand-alone units with interfaces to the HVAC controls
for alarms, permissive signals and status indication.
c. The fire & gas sub-section of the installation controls to override normal
HVAC controls to close fire dampers and shut-down fans and other
equipment in accordance with the Cause and Effect logic.
d. The status of fire dampers to be monitored at the F&G sub-section with
signals handed-off to the local HVAC panel and the main control system.
e. Refer to DEP 32.30.20.11-Gen. for F&G system requirements.
4. Motor starters may be included in local HVAC control panels only if they can be
isolated and accessed separately from the controls section of the panel.
5. Distributed electric re-heaters shall be controlled by thermostats located within
the controlled space, which are to be energised by means of a permissive
interlock that is enabled by adequate airflow.

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5.2.5.3.3 Control and monitoring – Normal operation

5.2.5.3.3.3 Fire/gas damper controls
Add new text after paragraph ‘Where several fire/gas dampers….. the others’:
1. The fire/gas damper control system shall include a facility to permit routine
function testing of fire dampers.
a. As a minimum this shall be done by simulating a ‘trip’ command
(disconnecting power) to damper solenoid valves or electric actuators and
temporarily inhibiting alarms and executive actions.
i. Further facilities may include logging of test results per damper, testing
groups of dampers and automatic resetting.
2. TR fire/gas damper controls shall be arranged to facilitate the testing of TR
boundary dampers independently.
5.2.6 Operating and maintenance philosophy
5.2.6.3 Detailed requirements
Add new paragraph at end:
1. Fire dampers shall be located where they can be accessed easily and with
permanent access provided in process/utility/machinery spaces.
a. Where located above ceilings or behind lining panels (e.g., in living
quarters), access panels shall be provided and be prominently labelled to
indicate fire damper tag number.
5.2.9 Wind-tunnel and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modelling
5.2.9.1 Objective
Add new paragraph:
Modelling to be carried out where it will provide beneficial information to determine
arrangements and design issues, but it is to be undertaken selectively and not used
where issues can be determined reasonably by other means.
5.2.10 Performance standards
5.2.10.3 Detailed requirements
Add new text:
1. Management of HVAC systems during the operations phase shall include testing
to demonstrate compliance with Performance Standards and underlying
requirements such as area classification codes.
a. This shall require proof of airflows/ventilation rates for mechanically-
ventilated hazardous process/utility areas and pressure differentials for non-
hazardous areas.
Add new sub-clause:
5.2.10.4 Design Information
1. HVAC safety-critical performance requirements shall be clearly identified in final
project design documents for incorporation into Performance Standards or other
maintained document.

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Add new clause:

5.2.11 Modes of operation
5.2.11.1 Objective
To ensure that HVAC systems are designed to suit the operating modes of the
installation with regard to power availability, equipment operation and safety systems.
5.2.11.2 Detailed requirements
1. Installation operating modes shall be established at an early stage of design with
regard to operating modes and power availability and includes the following:
a. normal power generation;
b. secondary power generation;
c. emergency power generation;
d. UPS/battery power.
2. The different levels of power availability at each mode will determine how much HVAC
equipment can operate, and the HVAC systems shall be designed to suit what is
required.
Telecomms and Instruments panels are likely to be required to operate from UPS
power, and they may require cooling which would then require HVAC systems that
can also be powered by the UPS.
Temporary refuge emergency cooling systems, if required, may also need to
operate from a UPS.
3. For ‘black start’ situations gas detection systems should be used as a means of
determining that an area is safe to energise.
4. Dedicated purging systems shall not be used to determine that an area is safe to
energise unless there is a regulatory or overriding functional requirement

5.3 System design – General

5.3.2 Mechanical ventilation
5.3.2.3 Detailed requirements

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5.3.2.3.2 Differential pressure

st
Add to end of 1 paragraph:
1. Design airflow rates shall allow for a differential between gross supply and gross
extract.
This is to reflect the anticipated module leakage.
nd
Add to end of 2 paragraph:
1. When modules are required to be pressurised, the requirement shall be made
known to the relevant disciplines to ensure that structure and penetration details
are designed to be as leak-tight as possible.
2. Where necessary, modules may be leak tested as described in (Annex F).
Add new paragraphs
1. Non-hazardous modules, including living quarters, shall be pressurised during
normal operation to a nominal design value of 50 Pascals (0.2 in wg) relative to
outside atmosphere or adjacent hazardous areas.
This is in order to provide protection against major incidents.
a. Pressurisation shall be safety-critical if a ventilated non-hazardous area is
adjacent to a hazardous area and is not segregated therefrom by gas-tight
structure.
2. Stairwells and corridors shall be pressurised to a level slightly above adjacent
areas to give additional protection against spread of smoke.
a. This shall be done by adjusting the supply/extract balance.
3. The galley shall be negatively pressurised relative to the mess and other adjacent
areas.
a. This shall be done by design airflow differentials such that the galley extract
airflow is greater than supply and the differential airflow is drawn from the
mess area which in turn is to have a greater supply airflow than extract.
b. If the galley serving hatch has a shutter that can be closed during normal
operation, a transfer duct shall be included to allow air to move from the
mess area to the galley and maintain the designed airflow/balance.
4. Smoking areas shall be negatively pressurised relative to adjacent areas, to
prevent spread of odour and smoke.

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5.3.2.3.4 Inlets and outlets

nd
Delete 2 paragraph ‘Gas dampers….. covered’.
th
Delete 4 paragraph: ‘Air from..... hazardous area’ and substitute new text:
1. Air outlets from ventilated non-hazardous areas should be exhausted to a non-
hazardous area where reasonably feasible to do so.
2. If this would involve disproportionate measures, such as long or difficult duct
routes, air outlets may be located in a hazardous area, provided the following
shall be met.
a. the ventilated non-hazardous area be pressurised to maintain non-
hazardous classification and
b. reliable means of sealing the exhaust outlet at the module boundary be
provided in case pressurisation is lost.
Add new paragraphs at end:
3. Inlet and outlet ducts may require gas or smoke detectors
a. Refer to DEP 32.30.20.11-Gen. for Fire and Gas design.
4. The design of inlet ducts that require gas detection shall be coordinated with the
design of Fire & Gas detection system such that:
a. gas shall not by-pass the detectors, and
b. gas shall not enter the module at unacceptable concentrations.
5. Large-volume intake ducts may be used to compensate for the time delay
between gas detection and closing of fire dampners.
At inlet ducts with gas detection, the time delay between gas detection and
closing of the gas damper can potentially allow gas at low concentration to
enter the module served.

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5.3.2.3.5 Duct systems

Amend last paragraph to read:
1. Duct systems shall include balancing dampers at each main duct branch and at
each air terminal (supply and extract) except for supply systems fitted with
constant-volume control valves.
Add new paragraph:
1. Ductwork sections shall be designed to a pressure class to withstand the
maximum imposed pressure.
Note that ductwork sections between fire dampers and the inlets or outlets of
fans/AHUs can be subjected to maximum fan static pressure when fire
dampers are closed.
Add new sub-clause:

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5.3.2.3.6 Fresh air

1. Design fresh-air (outdoor air) flow rates shall be based on functional requirements
such as that required for personnel, pressurisation, heating or cooling (it is not
necessary to attain notional airchange rates).
a. For pressurisation, the fresh-air flowrate shall be based on what is necessary to
overcome fabric leakage reliably during the installation’s operation.
2. Fresh air requirements should be minimised in regions having warm or humid climates
where mechanical refrigeration is necessary to cool and/or dehumidify fresh air.
3. For personnel, the minimum fresh air flow rate shall be 10 litres per second (21 cfm)
per person to meet the lower value of the ‘medium’ classification range IDA2 in
accordance with EN 13779.
a. Local standards and requirements shall be adhered to.
4. ASHRAE 62.1 may be used for particular situations where justified.
In cases where no local regulations exist, ASHRAE 62.1 provides suitable
guidance.
5.3.3 Secondary ventilation systems
5.3.3.2 Functional requirements
Replace last paragraph with:
1. Secondary ventilation system air intakes shall be located in a non-hazardous
area where possible, or otherwise in a location that is less likely to be affected by
a gas release, such as the module perimeter.
5.3.3.3 Detailed requirements
th
Correction to 4 paragraph ‘There are two methods....’. Delete ‘two’ and insert ‘three’.
Add new paragraph:
1. Design drawings for secondary ventilation systems shall show air nozzle
locations and orientations.
This is to verify that systems are installed to achieve the required air
movement effect.
2. Ducts in open, naturally ventilated modules shall be designed to tolerate external
wind forces and be provided with strong and rigid laterally-restrained supports.

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Add new clause:

5.3.4 Cooling systems
The use of refrigerated cooling systems requires careful consideration because of
equipment cost, maintenance requirements and the potential environmental impact of
refrigerant gases.
1. The selection of equipment and refrigerants shall comply with:
a. the montreal protocol;
b. any other regulations applicable to the region in which the system will operate.
2. CFC and HCFC refrigerants such as R11, R12 and R22 shall not be used.
3. HFC refrigerants and non-flourocarbon refrigerants may be used.
4. Of the HFC gases the types with lowest GWP shall be used where feasible, such as
R134a.
5. The following approach shall be adopted:
a. Avoid refrigeration where possible by use of alternatives such as cooling by
means of fresh air or seawater (provided that seawater microbiological fouling is
not likely to occur or can be prevented).
b. Check the requirements of current regulations and any in the course of
preparation that may apply during the installation’s life cycle.
c. Use systems that have the most favourable TEWI during the installation’s life.
d. Consider the possibility of using natural refrigerants that have low ODP and GWP
and which are not governed by refrigerant gas regulations.
e. Use systems where the quantity of refrigerant and the likelihood of leakage is
minimised.
f. Use water circuits for air cooling and for condenser heat rejection.
g. Ensure that systems are designed to prevent leakage.
6. Cooling system details shall be included in the early stages of an installation’s design
to allow for equipment sizes and locations.
a. Air-cooled condensers units shall be located as close as possible to evaporator
units to minimise refrigerant pipe lengths.
b. The internal air-handling/evaporator units shall be floor-standing or mounted at
low-level on walls where freely accessible.
c. Ductwork or floor plenum arrangement shall be used where necessary for
distributing cool air.
d. It shall not be acceptable to fit equipment to ceilings.
7. Refrigerant detection systems shall be used where required by regulations (typically
based on quantity of refrigerant contained) or if there is risk that a major refrigerant
leak in an enclosed area could be sufficient to reduce oxygen content to dangerously
low levels.
a. The detection alarm shall be displayed at access door(s).
8. Refrigerant recovery systems shall be provided for new installations with significant
quantities of refrigerant gas.

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Add new clause:

5.3.5 Equipment sparing
1. The arrangement of HVAC plant to meet system design duties should be based on
system criticality, failure consequences and reliability and repair times.
2. HVAC systems that are safety or production-critical shall be capable of continuous
operation unless HVAC down-time can be accepted by introducing mitigation
measures.
3. Continuous HVAC availability requires spare capacity, which may be arranged as
follows:
a. 100% spare capacity, or
b. ‘n’+1 arrangement, where ‘n’ is the number of equipment items required to satisfy
design requirements.
Fans, for example, could be arranged as 2 × 100% units or 3 × 50% units.
4. Refrigeration plant should be arranged with minimal standby capacity where possible
(subject to operational criticality and consequences of failure).
This is because of equipment cost and refrigerant gas considerations.
It can be possible to arrange plant as say, 2 × 60% units, where the effect of one
unit being unavailable can be tolerable until it can be put back into use.
5. Smaller systems that are operationally critical may be arranged with standby units.
6. Operation should be rotated to ensure that equipment does not lie idle for too long.

5.4 Area-specific system design

5.4.2 Living quarters
5.4.2.2 Functional requirements
Add new paragraph at end:
1. Refer to DEP 37.17.10.10-Gen. for general design of offshore living quarters.
Note that NORSOK standards require active smoke control systems for living
quarters
2. Designs that are required to comply with NORSOK standards shall have to
include the following;
a. continued running of HVAC after internal detection of smoke, up to the point
where the air intake is affected by smoke or gas;
b. displacement ventilation in cabins (supply air at low level).
5.4.2.3 Detailed requirements

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5.4.2.3.1 General
st
Amend 1 sentence to read:
1. In the absence of local legislation or code of practice, the requirements given in
(5.2.3) shall apply, except that the design minimum internal relative humidity level
at winter.
outside design temperature shall be 35%.
nd
Amend 2 paragraph to read:
1. Fresh air flow rates shall be in accordance with section 5.3.2.3.6.
rd
Add to end of 3 paragraph ‘The main supply.... emergency operation’:
1. Recirculation of ‘clean’ air should be used where feasible because of the
substantial reduction in energy demand.
2. Extract air that is likely to be foul or contaminated, such as toilet, smoking area,
galley, medical or laundry extract shall not be recirculated.
3. Any smoking areas shall be clearly defined and served by an appropriate extract
system.
4. Corridors shall be designed to be maintained at an over-pressure relative to
cabins to reduce the likelihood of their being contaminated with smoke from an
internal incident.
a. Cabin doors shall not have transfer grilles because of the corridor pressure
requirement and to prevent noise transfer.

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5.4.2.3.2 Extract system

Add to second sub-paragraph ‘- dedicated extract…battery rooms’:
1. A combined ‘dirty’ areas extract system shall be used to serve toilets, sick bay
and battery rooms and provided with;
a. back-flow protection;
b. dilution ventilation of battery rooms.
Note that batteries usually emit gas only during charging.
2. The common extract point from a smoking room shall be provided with a means
of preventing duct fouling by tobacco products, such as an electro-static filter.

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5.4.2.3.3 Heating, cooling and humidification

Add to last paragraph:
1. The humidity control set point shall be set for 40% relative humidity except that
the minimum design value of 35% is acceptable during the coldest weather.

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5.4.2.3.4 Galley systems

th
Add to end of 4 paragraph:
1. The galley hood shall be manufactured from grade 304 stainless steel of
minimum thickness 0.9 mm.
Add new paragraphs at end:
1. The galley hood extract duct shall be kept as short as possible and the air
velocity to be at a suitable level to minimise the depositing of grease on the
internal surfaces.
a. The galley should be located at the module boundary with extract fans
located externally as close as possible.
b. The galley extract duct shall be provided with a sufficient number of access
doors spaced to permit manual cleaning.
c. The duct access doors shall be easily accessible and unobstructed by other
services.
2. Sound attenuators can potentially harbour grease and should be omitted from
designs if possible to meet sound levels by other means.
3. Refer to DEP 37.17.10.10-Gen. and SOLAS regulations for fire rating
requirements of galley ectract ductwork.

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5.4.2.3.5 Laundry systems

Add new first paragraph:
1. The laundry shall have a separate extract system to extract air from the drying
machine outlets and from the room (if required).
a. The system design shall provide constant airflow for all permutations of
equipment operation by having an ‘open’ hooded connection to each drying
machine outlet.
2. The drying machines shall be interlocked so that they cannot operate unless the
extract system is running.
Amend sub-clause (a) to read:
a). Duct-mounted lint filters shall be installed in ductwork downstream of the dryers
and be easily accessible.
Add new paragraph at end:
1. The laundry extract duct should be kept as short as possible and be located at
the module boundary with extract fans located externally as close as possible.
2. Duct velocities shall be designed to prevent material accumulating in ductwork
and all ductwork be fitted with access doors to permit manual cleaning.
5.4.3 Temporary Refuge (TR)
5.4.3.2 Functional requirements
Add new paragraph at end:
1. Refer to DEP 37.17.10.11-Gen. for the general design of temporary refuges.
Add new sub-clauses:
5.4.3.3 Design requirements
1. The HVAC design for a TR should aim to minimise the number of fire dampers and the
number of duct penetrations through the boundary structure.
5.4.3.4 TR leak testing
1. An enclosed Temporary Refuge may have to be leak-tested after construction and
during operational life if it has a function to protect occupants from smoke or gas
ingress during an emergency muster.
Leak tightness will become the main TR defence mechanism against ingress when
it is not possible to operate HVAC plant to provide pressurisation.
2. Refer Annex F for the methodology of testing and treatment of test data.
5.4.4 Drilling and drilling utility areas
5.4.4.3 Detailed requirements

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5.4.4.3.1 General
nd
Add new paragraph after 2 paragraph:
1. Drilling facilities shall be designed so that personnel can carry out normal work
activities without respiratory protection.
2. Airborne potential hazards shall be enclosed and extracted to a location where
personnel will not be exposed them.
Add new sub-clause:
5.4.13 HVAC equipment drainage
1. HVAC equipment that produces moisture, such as filters, moisture separators and
cooling coils, shall be provided with permanent drains and manometric traps.
a. Each drain trap shall have sufficient depth of water seal to withstand the
maximum differential pressure to which it could be exposed, including abnormal
system operation with dampers closed or filters blocked.
2. All traps shall be of a type that can be removed and dismantled for cleaning.
a. ‘Open’ traps may be used when located in a non-hazardous area.
3. Drains that handle small quantities of water, such as those from filters may terminate
locally.
a. Condensation drains should be connected to the installation’s drains system.

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Annex A Equipment and bulk selection

A.1 General
st
Add to end of 1 paragraph:
1. Data sheets may be used in other formats provided that they include relevant
requirements of the examples in Annex D.

A.2 Louvres and hoods

A.2.1 Function
Replace existing text with:
1. Intakes to and discharges from all mechanical HVAC systems shall be protected
from ingress of adverse weather by means of downward-facing 90° cowls or
louvres.
a. Cowls shall be used in areas of high rainfall or strong/persistent winds to
minimise wind effect on fan performance.
b. Suitable louvres shall be used where weather protection is required for
naturally-ventilated areas.
c. Wire mesh shall be included for cowls and louvres to prevent access for
animal life.
2. Note that the word ‘louvers’ in ISO 15138 shall be interpreted as ‘inertial
separator vanes’ where particulate efficiency is mentioned.
A.2.2 Functional requirements
th
Insert new paragraph after 4 paragraph:
1. Air intakes and outlets shall be protected from ingress of dust and sand in regions
where such air-borne contamination occurs.
a. Protection may variously be provided by downward-facing cowls or
specialised sand protection louvres.
b. If the threat of dust or sand is transient it may be possible to deal with the
additional particular matter by management of filter
checking/cleaning/changing.
th
Add to end of 5 paragraph:
1. Air intake louvres shall be trace heated in regions with very cold climates where
there is risk of their being blocked by accumulations of ice.

A.3 Moisture separators and filters

A.3.1 Functional requirements
Add note below Table A.1:
1. Note that ‘Louver’ in the above table shall be taken to mean ‘inertial separator
vanes’.

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A.4 Heating coils and unit heaters

A.4.2 Functional requirements
A.4.2.2 Fluid heaters
st
Insert new (replacement) 1 paragraph:
1. Fluid heater casings shall be made from corrosion resistant materials and have
folded flanges for connecting to adjacent equipment.
a. The fluid shall be conveyed through a heat exchanger made from seamless
copper tubes expanded into copper fins having solid-drawn collars.
b. For heater coils subject to outside air, the tube coils and fins shall be
protected from corrosion by electro-tinning or other type of coating system to
meet the installation’s design life.
Insert additional last paragraph:
1. All fluid heaters shall be tested at the Manufacturer’s works by immersing in water
and pressurising with air.
a. The test pressure shall be 22 barg (320 psig) and maintained for at least
30 mins.
A.4.2.3 Electric heaters
st
Insert additional sentence at beginning of 1 para:
1. Duct-mounted electric heater units shall have flanged casings to permit easy
removal.
th
Replace 7 paragraph with new text:
1. All electric heaters shall have the following overtemperature protection devices:
a. Automatically re-setting cut-out for high air temperature
b. Manually re-set high temperature cut-out for heater element surface, one per
phase for 3-phase heaters.
c. The cut-out setting shall be at least 25 °C (45 °F) below the ignition
temperature of potentially-releasable process gas.
2. For duct-mounted heaters, over-temperature protection devices shall be
adjustable and re-settable from outside the heater casing.
a. For electric heaters in terminal units, the over-temperature devices and any
other controls shall be accessible inside the casing by removing the outlet
grille.
3. Duct-mounted electric heaters shall be interlocked so that they cannot be
energised unless there is adequate airflow passing through the heater.
a. A differential pressure instrument shall be used to indicate airflow and be
provided per heater or per group of heaters unless there is another
instrument (e.g., fan DP switch) that can be used.
b. Duct mounted electric heaters shall be provided with a local electrical
isolation switch.

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A.5 Cooling coils and fan-coil units

A.5.2 Functional requirements
A.5.2.1 General
Add to end of 3rd paragraph:
1. For coils exposed to outside atmosphere, the tube and fins shall be manufactured
from copper.
a. All heat exchanger surfaces shall be protected from corrosion by means of a
proprietary coating (e.g., epoxy based) designed for that purpose.
A.5.2.2 DX cooling coils
nd
Replace 2 paragraph with:
1. DX cooling coils shall be constructed from solid-drawn, refrigerant grade, copper
tubes.
a. Aluminium fins may be used for internally located evaporator coils that
handle recirculated air.
2. The coils shall be tested at the Manufacturer’s works by immersing in water and
pressurising with air.
a. Test pressure shall be a minimum of 28 barg (407 psig) and maintained for
at least 30 mins.
3. On completion of satisfactory testing, DX coils shall be dehydrated, provided with
a holding charge of inert gas and sealed.
A.5.2.3 Fluid cooling coils
st
Insert new (replacement) 1 paragraph:
1. Fluid cooling coil casings shall be made from corrosion resistant materials and
have folded flanges for connecting to adjacent equipment.
a. The fluid shall be conveyed through a heat exchanger made from seamless
copper tubes expanded into copper fins having solid-drawn collars.
Insert additional last paragraph:
2. All fluid heaters shall be tested at the Manufacturer’s works by immersing in water
and pressurising with air.
a. The test pressure shall be 22 barg (320 psig) and maintained for at least
30 mins.

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A.6 Humidifiers
A.6.1 Functional requirements
nd
Replace 2 paragraph ‘Humidifiers ……obstructions’ with:
1. Humidifiers shall be electrically powered and generate fresh, odourless, sterile
steam from the installation’s potable water supply system.
a. To avoid moisture drop-out, steam shall be introduced to the ducted
airstream by means of dispersion tubes.
b. Multiple steam dispersion tubes (e.g., in matrix form) shall be used where it
is necessary for steam to be absorbed in a short distance.
2. Humidifier designs and installation shall be based on the type of water that will be
used on the installation. Particular attention shall be given to following:
a. Selecting the appropriate type of water level control.
Electronic controls might not be suitable for water of high purity.
b. Avoiding problems with mineral deposits from heated water.
Scale might affect float valves and heater elements.

3. Reverse osmosis units may be considered for treating humidifier supply water.
This is in order to reduce maintenance requirements and optimise equipment
life.

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th
Replace 4 paragraph ‘Each humidifier should be ……control system’ with:
1. Humidifiers shall meet the following requirements:
a. Be designed for industrial/marine use and continuous operation at full
output.
b. Electrical equipment to be located in compartments that are segregated from
water or steam carrying components.
This is to prevent them from being exposed to water or vapour during
either normal operation or maintenance.
i. Such compartments and any stand-alone electrical or instruments
equipment to have a suitable moisture ingress protection ratings.
c. The main electrical connections be capable of accepting glanded cables.
d. No exposed hot surfaces that are normally accessible.
e. All components be enclosed in a sheet steel casing and insulation to be
used where required to prevent surface temperatures from exceeding safe
levels.
f. The package to include all necessary safety devices and the controls be
capable of operating in conjunction with the HVAC or installation control
system by allowing for an operation permissive input signal, transmitting
alarm signals and receiving trip signals.
g. Heater elements be of the resistive type.
i. Electrode type not to be used.
h. Steam chambers be of stainless steel and easily accessible for
maintenance.
i. Humidifiers be provided with water skimming/flushing systems to prevent
accumulations of solids.
j. Humidifiers to operate only when system airflow has been established.
k. Be capable of being controlled in sequence from a single humidity detector
incases where humidifiers are installed as multiple units.
l. Installation design to allow for Manufacturer’s requirements, including air
velocities at steam dispersion point, balance pipes for steam chamber
pressure, feed-water pressure, drainage, cooling of control panels.

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A.7 Fans
Delete existing section A.7.2 and subclauses, insert new section as follows:
A.7.2 Functional requirements
A.7.2.1 Fan general requirements
The main fan types are centrifugal, mixed-flow and axial.
1. The type to be used should include consideration of functional requirements,
efficiency, space requirements, maintainability and installation lifetime.
2. Fans for all area classifications shall comply with EN 14986 except for
internally-located non-hazardous extract fans.
a. Fans for use in extract systems where there is a possibility of fouling by
particulate matter shall have motors located outside the airstream.
b. Plug fans may be used in air handling units.
3. Fans shall have steep performance curves to minimise performance changes in
adverse wind conditions.
a. Fan performance and the effect on module ventilation and pressurisation shall be
checked in relation to the likely sustained maximum wind speeds for the
installation.
4. Where feasible, fans should be direct-drive to eliminate belt maintenance
requirements.
a. Use of direct-drive fans may require suitable capacity adjusting devices and
allowances in system design to ensure that minimum duty requirement can be
obtained.
5. Inlet guide vane dampers shall not be used because of susceptibility to seizure and
blade detachment.
6. Fans to be located externally or handling moist or corrosive air shall have casings
manufactured from stainless steel UNS S31603 unless located within an enclosure.
a. Fans in other situations shall be manufactured from mild steel galvanised after
manufacture or with epoxy paint coating.
b. For belt-drive fans the frame shall incorporate facilities for drive belt tensioning
and alignment of pulleys.
7. Fan support frames shall be welded from rolled mild steel sections and be galvanised
after manufacture.
a. Lifting lugs shall be incorporated in the frame.
8. Fans should not be selected to have excessive velocities and rotational speeds.
This is because this creates excessive noise and reduce operational life.
a. This situation should be avoided by improving system design to reduce fan
duties. Discharge velocities should not exceed 15 m/s (50 ft/s).
9. Fan shafts shall be of high-tensile steel and designed to withstand fatigue.
a. The shaft’s first critical speed should be at least 20% in excess of the
recommended maximum fan operating speed.

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10. Fan impellers shall be keyed on to shafts and to be dynamically balanced in

accordance with ISO 1940-1 or ISO 14694.
a. Fans with driver power equal or less than 37 kW (50 hp) (BV-3) should meet
Balance Quality Grade G 6.3;
b. Fans with driver power higher than 37 kW (50 hp) (BV-4) should meet Balance
Quality Grade G 2.5.
11. All rotating parts of the fan and motor shall be protected with suitable guards in
accordance with ISO 12499.
12. Fans shall have enclosed spring type anti-vibration mountings that provide 95%
isolation efficiency.
a. Connections to adjacent ductwork or components shall be by means of 150 mm
(6 in) long flanged flexible connections with flange backing rings.
13. Fans shall be provided with appropriate instruments for control and monitoring
purposes.
a. Belt driven fans shall have speed sensors or differential pressure switches to
warn of fan failure.
b. Where speed sensors are used, failure indication or changeover shall be initiated
at 80% of normal speed.
14. Direct-drive fans in safety critical applications shall be monitored by means of motor
operation or differential pressure switch.
15. All fans shall be designed and provided with facilities to enable vibration levels and
bearing temperatures to be monitored using hand-held instruments.
Condition monitoring is beneficial for maintenance strategies
16. Permanently attached vibration and temperature monitoring instruments should only
be used for critical fans to warn of out-of-balance forces and bearing problems before
damage occurs, or if required by maintenance strategies where the cost of the
instruments is justified by maintenance optimisation.
17. Belt drives shall be rated for continuous duty and be arranged to have spare capacity
so that in the event of one belt breaking the remainder will be capable of transmitting
the full drive load.
18. Fan bearings shall be rated for a design life of at least 40,000 hours and have
lubrication points extended as required so that they are accessible from outside the
fan casing.
19. The fan nameplate shall state the required frequency and quantity of Shell lubricant.
20. Fans shall be designed to comply with ISO 5801.
21. Each fan of a multiple-fan installation shall be provided with a manually-operated
isolation damper at the inlet and an automatic shut-off damper at the outlet.
This is to prevent air short-cycling between fans if the corresponding fan is not
operating.
The fan data sheet is in Clause D.6.

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A.7.2.2 Centrifugal fans

1. Centrifugal fan casings shall be fully welded and stiffened to prevent flexing.
a. Casings shall be constructed in sections that can be disconnected to enable the
impeller to be removed.
2. The casing shall be provided with a removable bolt-fixed access door and a plugged
casing drain.
3. Impellers shall be backward-curved with single-skin or aerofoil section blades and be
fabricated from mild or low carbon steel and finished with epoxy paint.
a. Welds shall be tested by dye-penetration.
A.7.2.3 Mixed flow fans
1. Mixed-flow fan impellers shall be of the type where the air enters axially through an
inlet cone and the discharge has both axial and radial components.
a. Welds shall be tested by dye-penetration.
2. Casings shall be fully welded with rolled flanges at each end.
a. Bolted access doors shall be provided for fans larger than 400 mm (16 in)
diameter.
A.7.2.4 Axial fans
1. Axial fans have limited pressure capability and shall be selected so that the required
performance in adverse conditions is within their capacity and they will not stall.
2. Casings shall be fully welded with rolled flanges at each end and bolted access doors
provided for fans larger than 400 mm (16 in) diameter.
3. Axial fans shall be of the long case type with guide vanes welded to the inside of the
casing to improve performance and efficiency.
A.7.2.5 Fan motors
1. Fans are usually driven by electric motors but pneumatic or hydraulic motors may be
used for particular applications such as fire pump enclosures.
2. Filter/regulator units shall be used for pneumatic or hydraulic supplies to motors.
3. Refer to DEP 33.66.05.31-Gen. for electric motor requirements
4. Motor data sheets shall be included with fan data sheets during the requisitioning
process.
5. Electric motors shall be selected so that the design loading, including transmission
allowance, does not exceed 90% of the motor nameplate rating.
6. Fan power requirement at the lowest design air temperature shall be checked to
ensure that the motor is adequate.

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A.8 Sound attenuation

A.8.1 Functional requirements
Delete existing text from sub-section (f), insert new text:
f). Attenuator linings and splitters shall be constructed to have the strength to resist
flexing and to prevent erosion of acoustic material.
i. The construction shall comprise acoustic material with a membrane on the
airflow side(s) to prevent particle erosion, all retained by perforated sheet
steel.
ii. Acoustic material shall be fire retardant, non-carcinogenic, rot-, damp- and
vermin-proof.
iii. The membrane shall be soft material (e.g., fibre-glass cloth) to optimise
acoustic properties.
iv. The perforated sheet steel shall be adequately stiff to resist flexing and
sagging due to airflow and its own weight.

A.9 Fire dampers

A.9.2 Functional requirements
A.9.2.1 General
Add new paragraphs:
1. Fire dampers installed a module boundary shall also be ‘gas-tight’ to prevent the
ingress of smoke or gas, where this is a risk, at a module boundary unless the
region’s regulatory body requires separate dampers for this purpose.
a. Boundary fire dampers shall meet the leakage standard Class 3 (for blades)
and Class B (for Case) in accordance with EN 1751.
b. Other fire dampers shall have the same case leakage requirement but
maximum blade leakage rate of 0.1 m³/s for a 1m² damper at 2000 Pa
differential pressure (3.5 cu ft/s for a 10 sq ft damper at 0.3 psi differential
pressure).
2. Fire dampers shall have a means of manual opening for commissioning and
black-start purposes.
a. This opening facility shall be lockable in the ‘open’ position by means of a
tool or pin that retains the damper open safely but is detachable to prevent
inadvertent locking.
A.9.2.2 Components and indicators
Add to paragraph (a):
1. Status indication may be provided by means of integrated switch boxes attached
to the actuator.
2. The switch boxes may be of proprietary design incorporating open/closed type
switches to provide indication of ‘open’ and ‘closed’ damper positions.
3. The switch trigger shall be part of the switch box unit and enable trigger points to
be adjustable to achieve the correct switching points to within 5% of the open or
closed damper position.
4. The switch box shall provide clear indication of the damper’s position in
conjunction with ‘Open’ and ‘Closed’ labels on the controls cover box.

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Delete second part of paragraph (c) ‘Actuator selection...’ and insert new paragraph:
1. Actuators shall be designed for six year service without requiring any
maintenance and for the normal mode of fire damper operation where the spring
is fully compressed all the time except during testing.
2. Actuator minimum torque output shall be at least 40% above the damper’s
maximum requirement, which is usually at the closing position.
3. Pneumatic actuators shall have NAMUR standard details for the drive connection,
actuator mounting and fittings.
4. Pneumatic actuators shall be of stainless steel UNS S31603 and internal
components shall be steel.
5. Actuator springs shall be made of spring steel with a flexible corrosion-resistant
coating.
Add to end of sub-clause (d):
1. All instruments and electrical components fitted to fire dampers shall be classified
for use in a hazardous area unless it can be established that the damper would
never have to operate in a hazardous situation.
Add new sub-clause (e):
e). All instruments and electrical components fitted to fire dampers shall be classified
for use in a hazardous area unless it can be established that the damper would never
have to operate in the presence of gas and that this would not prevent black-start or
purging operation.
Add new paragraph after (e):
1. The design of blade shaft bearings shall recognise that fire dampers operate
infrequently and might be subjected to corrosive environment.
2. Plain bush designs tend to become stiff over time and sintered bronze bushes
suffer corrosion, therefore bushes shall be maintainable or replaceable in-situ.
3. The potential for friction should be minimised by reducing the contact area
between shaft and bearing to the minimum that is functionally required.
4. Fire dampers shall be manufactured from stainless steel UNS S31603 and
casings be flanged to connect to adjacent ductwork.
Delete last paragraph ‘A thermal…components’, add new paragraph:
1. Each fire damper shall include a reliable, fail-safe, thermal device that will cause
the damper to close in the event of the temperature in the duct reaching a pre-
determined level (as indication of possible fire).
2. Thermal devices shall be replaceable from outside the damper casing.
A.9.2.3 Performance
Add new paragraph:
1. Where electric actuators are used the motor-driven cycle time shall be minimised
and not to exceed 40 seconds.

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Add new clause:

A.9.2.4 Testing
1. Damper testing shall include the following:
a. Proving damper closing and opening by operating the solenoid valve
b. Proving correct operation of proximity/status switches
c. Testing that the damper shuts when air pressure degrades (slow bleed) from a
starting pressure of 4.0 barg (60 psig) (minimum operating pressure) over a
period of a minimum of 5 minutes.
d. Measuring the maximum torque required to drive the damper at any point of its
cycle and comparing with torque output data for the actuator.

A.10 General Dampers

A.10.1 Function
Add new paragraph:
1. All dampers shall have flanged casings.
a. Dampers in process/utility areas shall have casings and flanges at least
3mm thick.
2. Dampers in protected spaces such as living quarters or offices may have flanges
at least 1.5 mm (60 mil) thick.
3. Damper flanges shall be drilled in accordance with Annex E for bolting to duct
flanges.
A.10.2 Functional requirements
A.10.2.1 General
Add new paragraph:
1. Where electric actuators are used the motor-driven cycle time shall be minimised
and not to exceed 30 seconds.
A.10.2.4 Shut-off/gas dampers
rd
Delete 3 paragraph ‘Mechanical ...... closed position’, and insert new paragraph:
1. Actuated shut-off/gas dampers shall be constructed and perform as described for
fire dampers in sections A.9.2.2 and A.9.2.3, except that fire certification and
thermal trigger devices shall not apply.
A.10.2.5 Modulating dampers
st
Delete 1 paragraph, replace with:
1. Modulating dampers should be similar in construction to mechanical shut-off
dampers.
2. Modulating dampers should be driven by electric actuators.

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Add new clause:

A.10.2.6 Blast protection dampers
1. Blast protection dampers shall be used where it is necessary to protect the contents of
a module from possibly damaging effects of blast over-pressure and where the module
itself is designated as a blast resilient structure.
2. Blast dampers shall be of modular multi-element type consisting of self-resetting
valves that are able to close quickly enough to prevent damaging levels of over-
pressure from passing through.
3. The peak over-pressure level and the time taken to reach it, or ‘rise’ time shall be
determined.
These parameters are required to arrive at a suitable specification for the blast
damper.
4. The blast damper installation design shall adhere to the following requirements:
a. Blast dampers be of larger cross-sectional area than normal duct size to
compensate for the relatively high airflow resistance.
b. Blast damper frames be attached to the blast-rated structure.
c. Access doors are supplied.

A.11 Grilles and diffusers

A.11.2 Functional requirements
nd
Add new 2 paragraph:
1. Grilles and diffusers shall have fixed blades, angled or straight, so that there is no
possibility of undesired movement or unauthorised adjustment.

A.12 Air-handling units (AHUs)

A.12.2 Functional requirements
A.12.2.1 General
rd
Add new 3 paragraph:
1. The design and materials of construction shall recognise that there may be risk of
internal corrosion arising from moist, saliferous outside air and condensation from
cooling coils.
2. Air-handling units shall be constructed to meet the requirements of EN 1886 [20],
casing strength (D1), casing air leakage (L2), filter bypass leakage (F7), thermal
transmittance (T2) and thermal bridging (TB2).
3. Testing shall be based on a ‘model’ AHU box that can be related to the size and
rating of AHU required for installation.
th
Replace 5 paragraph (beginning ‘Motors should be…’ and replace with:
1. Motors shall be mounted and located to permit easy removal, maintenance, and
replacement.
2. Extendable lifting beams shall be provided above motors so that they may be
lifted and moved outside the AHU.

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Add new paragraphs at end:

1. AHUs shall be designed to withstand without damage the maximum pressures,
positive and negative, that can be imposed by the sudden closure of system fire
dampers while the fans are running.
2. Duty/standby AHUs/fans should be arranged with the fans side-by-side.
3. Stacked fan arrangement may be used if there is a permanent elevated access
platform for the upper fan and any other maintainable items such as damper
controls, or if the unit height is sufficiently low that everything can be accessed
from deck level.
4. Mineral wool shall be used for insulation in AHU panels.
5. Circular glass viewing windows shall be provided for normally accessible sections
such as for fans and filters.
A.12.2.6 Humidifiers in AHUs
Delete existing text and replace with the following:
1. If humidifiers are used in conjunction with an AHU they shall be installed external
to the AHU casing.
2. If a cooling coil is used, the steam dispersion tubes should be located upstream
of the moisture eliminator.
Add new sub-clause:
A.12.2.11 AHU Services
1. Dedicated fixed plates shall be provided for the entry of cables and instrument
services.
2. Cable glands shall not be routed through removeable panels.
3. Cable tray shall be provided internally for carrying power and control cables.
4. All instrument tubing, internal or external, shall be in securely fixed rigid stainless steel
in accordance with project materials specification.

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A.13 Refrigeration packages

A.13.2 Functional requirements
A.13.2.1 General
Add new paragraph at start of Section:
1. Refrigeration systems should be arranged in the most practical and economic
way with regard to duty, sparing, and operational criticality.
a. Refer to 5.3.5.
2. Chilled water systems with a buffer tank shall be used for main supply air
handling units and are preferred to direct-expansion (DX) refrigeration for other
situations where feasible.
3. The TEWI (Total Equivalent Warming Impact) methodology described in
EN 378-1 Annex B may be used to compare different refrigeration system
arrangements for global warming impact in terms of refrigerant loss and energy
consumption.
Operational experience of offshore installations leads towards minimising
refrigerant content at the expense of increased energy. This is to minimise
specialist maintenance input which normally requires mobilising a specialist
sub-contractor. Self-contained chiller units with water-cooled condensers (e.g.,
closed-loop systems) have the further advantage of not requiring site-installed
brazed refrigerant pipes and specialist Contractors to test and charge the
refrigeration system.
rd
Add to end of 3 paragraph:
1. Refrigerant gases containing CFCs and HCFC shall not be used.
Add new paragraphs at end of section:
1. Refrigerant pipe systems shall meet the following requirements:
a. The material type, grade and jointing shall meet the applicable refrigeration
standard.
b. Connections to compressors/packages shall include flexible connections to
avoid pipework failures by means of transmitted vibration or movement.
c. Pipe gradients, elevations and sizes shall meet equipment Manufacturer’s
requirements, e.g., for return of lubricating oil.
d. Copper pipe systems shall be designed, installed and supported to prevent
failure by means of work-hardening.
2. Water pipe connections to heat exchangers on refrigeration packages shall
include flexible bellows.
3. Water pipes to heat exchangers shall be independently supported so that they do
not impose any forces on the heat exchangers.
4. All refrigeration systems shall be designed and built to prevent leakage.
5. For systems containing more than 3 kg (6.6 lb) of gas, refrigerant relief valves
shall be installed as pairs.
a. Each relief valve shall be capable of full relief duty and be connected to the
refrigerant circuit by means of a 2-way service valve so that each relief valve
can be removed individually for testing or replacement.
b. Relief valve discharges shall be piped to a safe location externally
c. The pipe shall include a mechanical joint near the valves to facilitate valve
replacement.

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6. Relief valves shall be of a type that does not permit the full charge of refrigerant
to escape in the event of over-pressure.
a. Diaphragm types shall not be used.
7. All refrigerant systems shall undergo a strength test and pressure test.
a. The pressure test shall be at not less than 1.1 times the normal maximum
working pressure unless the design code requires a higher level of pressure.
8. Nameplates attached to equipment containing refrigerant gas shall include details
of the type and quantity of refrigerant.
9. A refrigeration service kit shall be provided and retained on-board so that it is not
necessary to transport such equipment for every maintenance visit.
a. This shall include refrigerant recovery equipment, test gauges and other
common service items appropriate for the installation.
A.13.2.5 Air-cooled condensers
Add new paragraph:
1. Refer to A.5.2.2.
Add new sub-section:
A.13.2.8 Cooling systems on unmanned installations
1. Designs of cooling systems for unmanned installations shall make allowance for the
infrequency of scheduled maintenance visits and reduce the likelihood of requiring
maintenance intervention.
2. The following requirements shall be included:
a. Air filter capacities and differential pressure switch settings be designed for
extended service intervals.
b. Comprehensive status and fault information be available remotely to enable
remote diagnosis of faults and preparation for remedial work.
c. System operation inhibits be minimised to those that are essential to prevent
equipment damage or refrigerant leakage.
d. Fan belts be designed and arranged for extended service by including
redundancy in ratings or numbers of belts.
Delete existing section A.16, insert new section and tables:

A.16 Ducts
A.16.1 Functional requirements
1. The material and type of construction for ductwork shall be selected to be suitable for
the operating conditions and design life of the installation.

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Table A.2 Duct classes

Duct
Material Construction Application
class
A Stainless steel All-welded, 3 mm (0.12 in) duct wall. External duct, high-
UNS S31603 See Table A.3 strength duct, fire-rated
duct. Risk of
mechanical damage or
high strain.
Exposed to weather,
wind buffeting and
saliferous atmosphere.
B Stainless steel HVCA DW144. Internal duct in
UNS S31603 corrosive environments
such as laboratories,
battery rooms, paint
stores, etc.
Not exposed to risk of
mechanical damage.
C1 Stainless steel All-welded, rectangular and circular, 2 mm (0.08 in) Internal duct in
UNS S31603 duct wall. production and utility
See Table A.3 areas.
Exposed to moisture or
saliferous atmosphere.
Risk of mechanical
damage or high strain.
C2 Stainless steel Rectangular and circular. As C1, but low risk of
UNS S31603 See Table A.3 mechanical damage
and low strain.

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Duct
Material Construction Application
class
C3 Pre-galvanised Rectangular and circular. Alternative to class C2
sheet steel See Table A.3 where duct is not
subject to moisture
(internal and external
surfaces) or corrosion.
D Carbon steel Welded construction, painted or hot-dipped High-strength duct, fire-
galvanised. rated duct, or to suit
4 mm (0.16 in) minimum penetrations. Duct not
exposed to corrosive
environment.
E Pre-galvanised Rectangular and circular. Internal duct in
sheet steel Based on HVCA DW144 controlled environments
such as living quarters
See Table A.3
and offices.
F Stainless steel Circular. Fire-rated internal duct
UNS S31600 or 0.8 mm (0.03 in) for 80 to 200 mm (3 to 8 in) dia. for living quarters and
1.0 mm (0.04 in) for 250 to 315 mm (10 to 13 in) dia. offices, used with fire-
UNS S31603
1.2 mm (0.05 in) for 400 to 630 mm (16 to 25 in) dia. rated expanding
1.5 mm (0.06 in) for > 800 mm (32 in) dia. joints/gaskets approved
by certifying authority.

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2. Refer Table A.3 for details of minimum duct construction standards for classes A, C
and E.
3. Refer to HVCA Specification for Sheet Metal Ductwork DW144 for duct of non-welded
construction
a. Alternative standards such as SMACNA may be used provided that there is no
reduction in specification.
4. Refer (Annex E) for standard details for duct flanges.
A.16.2 Design and construction requirements
A.16.2.1 Duct dimensions
1. Duct lengths shall be based on handling considerations, stiffening requirements and
support arrangements.
2. For welded duct spools, maximum length should be based on the size of sheet from
which they are made plus 5mm (0.2 in) per flange to allow space for the internal flange
weld.
Example: Ducts fabricated from the typical sheet size 2500 mm × 1250 mm (100 in
x 50 in) could have max lengths of either 2510 mm (100-3/8 in) or 1260 mm (50-3/8
in).
Duct nominal sizes are based on internal dimensions for fabricated rectangular and
circular ducts.
3. Refer to Manufacturer’s information for factory-made spiral-wound ductwork.
A.16.2.2 Flanges
1. All duct cross-joints shall be made using welded RSA flanges of same material as the
duct walls.
a. Exception for certain smaller size ducts where jointing methods may be as
indicated in Table A.3.
2. For welded ductwork, flanges shall be attached by full welds externally and 25 mm
(1 in) stitch welds internally.
a. For lock-formed ductwork, flanges shall be attached by close-spaced rivets or
spot welds and sealed to the duct with mastic.
3. Flange details shall be in accordance with amendments to (Annex E).
4. The back-mark shall be referenced to the duct nominal dimensions (normally the
internal size).
5. Flange drilling details shall be given to vendors of flanged HVAC equipment in order to
ensure alignment of boltholes.
A.16.2.3 Stiffeners
1. Stiffeners shall be attached by stitch-welding for welded duct construction and bolted
for other construction methods.

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A.16.2.4 Access doors

1. Access doors shall be provided as required to facilitate equipment maintenance and
enable duct cleaning.
a. As a minimum access doors shall be provided for:
i. Maintenance access for fire dampers, other actuated dampers, heaters and
filters.
ii. Cleaning access for galley and laundry extract ducts.
iii. Cleaning access for drilling extract systems handling contaminated air, such
as shale shakers, active tanks.
2. The design of access doors shall be of similar material to the duct system in which
they are installed.
a. Welded ductwork shall be provided with heavy gauge access doors secured by
bolts and with hinges or handles to aid handling.
b. Locations of access doors shall be indicated on drawings along with their
required space envelope.
3. Extract duct systems that are likely to require periodic access for cleaning, such as
those serving galley, laundry, mud tanks and shale shakers, shall be arranged to be
as short and simple as possible to facilitate cleaning.
A.16.2.5 Duct bends
1. Rectangular duct bends shall be medium- or short-radius type with one or more
internal splitter vanes where necessary to obtain suitably low pressure loss.
a. Mitred bends with short-chord turning vanes shall not be used.
2. Circular duct bends shall have half-diameter throat radius and be constructed in
accordance with DW144 Figures127 or 128.
A.16.2.6 Duct branches
1. Branch or ‘tee’ connections shall be designed to reduce pressure losses and
turbulence by using angled branches or shoe connections.
2. Refer to DW144 Figures 106, 136, and 138.
A.16.2.7 Equipment connections
1. Flanged circular ducts shall be connected to flanged rectangular equipment by means
of a transition piece with a circular flange at one end and a rectangular flange at the
other so that all nuts and bolts can be fitted externally and threaded bushes are not
required.
a. In the simplest form the transition may comprise a rectangular plate with a
circular RSA flange welded to it (attached at the ‘toe’) so that the circular flange
face is externally accessible for installation of bolts.
2. Bolts at damper flanges shall not interfere with linkage mechanisms or blades.

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A.16.2.8 Duct supports

1. Supports for external ducts shall normally require the involvement of Structural
discipline to provide suitable steel supports at appropriate spacing attached to
structural steelwork.
a. External duct supports shall be sufficiently strong and rigid to provide both
vertical and lateral support to deal with duct weight, wind loading, load-out forces
and blast loading.
b. Proprietary channel systems with bolted/clamped connections may be used
where adequate for smaller duct sizes.
2. Supports for internal ducts shall also provide lateral restraint and this will require
hanger supports to be made from proprietary channel systems or light steelwork.
3. Supports for lightweight ductwork in living quarters and offices may be in accordance
with DW144 or equivalent standard provided that ducts have adequate lateral
restraint.
A.16.2.9 Duct construction details
1. Table A.3 indicates minimum requirements for the duct types referenced in Table A.2.
2. Stainless steel shall be type UNS S31603, pre-galvanised mild steel sheet shall be in
accordance with EN 10346 or equivalent with galvanised coating 275 g/m²
2
(0.055 lbm/ft ).
3. Duct penetrations at fire barriers shall be in accordance with the Certifying Authority or
third party verification body.
4. Ductwork between fans and fire dampers shall be designed to withstand without
permanent deformation the maximum pressures, positive and negative, that will be
imposed by the sudden closure of fire dampers.

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Table A.3 Duct construction details

Class Material Duct longest side or Wall Duct Flange/Joint Flange Stiffening max
diameter Thickness seam Attachment spacing
A – Rect’r 3.0 mm (0.12 in) Flange Welded 1250 mm (50 in)
St/stl  1000 (40 in) Welded Appendix E
3.0 mm (0.12 in) 850 mm (34 in)
>1000 to 1500 mm (40 to 60 in)
3.0 mm (0.12 in) 600 mm (24 in)
>1500 mm (60 in)
Circ’r All diameters 3.0 mm (0.12 in) Max length 2500 mm
(100 in)
C1 – Rect’r 2.0 mm (0.08 in) Flange Welded 1250 mm (50 in)
St/stl Up to 500 mm (20 in) Welded Appendix E
2.0 mm (0.08 in) 1000 mm (40 in)
>500 to 750 mm (20 to 30 in)
2.0 mm (0.08 in) 800 mm (32 in)
>750 to 1250 mm (30 to 50 in)
2.0 mm (0.08 in) 600 mm (24 in)
>1250 mm (50 in)
Circ’r All diameters 2.0 mm (0.08 in) Max length 2500 mm
(100 in)
C2 – Rect’r 1.2 mm (0.05 in) Flange Riveted or spot 1250 mm (50 in)
St/stl Up to 350 mm (14 in) Pittsburgh Appendix E welded at 75 mm
1.2 mm (0.05 in) lock (3 in) crs 1000 mm (40 in)
>500 to 1000 mm (20 to 40 in)
1.2 mm (0.05 in) 800 mm (32 in)
>1000 to 1500 mm (40 to 60 in)
2.0 mm (0.08 in) Welded Ditto Welded 800 mm (32 in)
>1500 mm (60 in)
C2 – Circ’r Spigot/socket Max length 3000 mm
St/stl, spiral- Up to 200 mm (8 in) 0.8 mm (0.03 in) Pittsburgh DW 144 Figs 37 & 44 (120 in)
wound or lock Flange Appendix E or equivalent
rolled >200 to 400 mm (8 to 16 in) 1.0 mm (0.04 in)
>400 to 800 mm (16 to 32 in) 1.2 mm (0.05 in)
Welded
>800 mm (32 in) 1.5 mm (0.06 in)
C3 – Rect’r Flange Riveted or spot 1250 mm (50 in)
Pre-galv MS Up to 350 mm (14 in) 1.2 mm (0.05 in) Pittsburgh Appendix E welded at 75 mm
steel sheet lock (3 in) crs 1000 mm (40 in)
>500 to 1000 mm (20 to 40 in) 1.2 mm (0.05 in)
800 mm (32 in)
>1000 to 1500 mm (40 to 60 in) 1.2 mm (0.05 in)
625 mm (25 in)
>1500 mm (60 in) 1.2 mm (0.05 in)

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Class Material Duct longest side or Wall Duct Flange/Joint Flange Stiffening max
diameter Thickness seam Attachment spacing
C3 – Circ’r Spigot/socket DW 144 Figs 37 & Max length 3000 mm
Pre-galv MS Up to 200 mm (8 in) 0.8 mm (0.03 in) Pittsburgh 44 or equivalent (120 in)
sheet, spiral- lock Flange, Appendix E
wound or >200 to 400 mm (8 to 16 in) 1.0 mm (0.04 in)
rolled >400 to 800 mm (16 to 32 in) 1.2 mm (0.05 in)
Welded
>800 mm (32 in) 1.5 mm (0.06 in)
E – Rect’r Pre-galv MS, Up to 350 mm (14 in) 0.8 mm Slide-on flange DW144 DW144
DW144 high- (0.03 in) min DW144
pressure >350 mm (14 in) 1.0 mm Flange,
(0.04 in) min Appendix E
E – Circ’r Spigot/socket DW 144 Figs 37 & DW144
Pre-galv MS, Up to 200 mm (8 in) DW144 DW144 44 or equivalent
DW144 high- Flange,
pressure >200 mm (8 in) Appendix E

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A.17 Equipment nameplates

1. All maintainable equipment shall be provided with a nameplate made of stainless steel
or engraved laminate material mechanically fixed to the equipment.
a. Letters shall be a minimum of 3 mm (1/8 in) high and of contrasting colour to the
background.
b. Nameplates shall include provision for adding the weight of equipment that has to
be weighed after manufacture.
2. The following information shall be shown on the equipment nameplates:
a. Equipment tag number.
b. Purchase order number.
c. Manufacturer's name, equipment model reference and serial number.
d. Year of manufacture.
e. Certified weight.
f. Air pressure, barg minimum and barg maximum (as applicable).
g. Electrical power requirements, voltage, current, frequency (as applicable).
h. Fire rating (as applicable).
i. Design duty: airflow, pressure, heating, cooling ( as applicable).
j. Lubrication instructions: type, quantity and frequency of greasing (as applicable).
k. For refrigerated cooling, type and quantity of refrigerant.
l. Approval/certification markings for equipment that is classified for use in
hazardous area.

A.18 Lifting facilities

1. Manufactured HVAC equipment shall include lifting lugs as required and in
accordance with local lifting regulations to facilitate safe handling.

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Annex E Standard data for flanges

Delete existing Section, insert new tables and diagrams
Table E.1 Standard data for circular flanges (see note *3)

Nominal duct dia. ‘D’ Back mark Flange *1, *2 Bolt Size Bolt Hole No. of
Size bolts
mm in mm (in) mm (in) metric (in) mm (in)
Up to 160 Up to 6 3/8 23 (7/8) 40 × 4 (1.5 × 3/16) M8 (5/16) 10 (7/16) 4
>160 to 355 >6 3/8 to 14 23 (7/8) 40 × 4 (1.5 × 3/16) M8 (5/16) 10 (7/16) 8
>355 to 500 >14 to 20 30 (1-3/16) 50 × 5 (2 × 3/16) M10 (7/16) 12 (1/2) 12
>500 to 710 >20 to 28 30 (1-3/16) 50 × 5 (2 × 3/16) M10 (7/16) 12 (1/2) 16
>710 to 1000 >28 to 40 30 (1-3/16) 50 × 5 (2 × 3/16) M10 (7/16) 12 (1/2) 24
>1000 to 1100 >40 to 44 40 (1-5/8) 70 × 6 (3 × ¼) M12 (1/2) 14 (9/16) 24
>1100 to 1500 >44 to 60 40 (1-5/8) 70 × 6 (3 × ¼) M12 (1/2) 14 (9/16) 32

NOTE: *1.Stiffeners shall be same size as flanges.

*2. Flanges may be made from flat plate or roll-formed from flat bar or RSA
*3. Inch sizes are nearest appropriate size, they are not exact conversions of metric dimensions. Do not mix
metric and inch sizes.

Figure E.1 Circular flanges

Nominal diameter D

Back mark for bolt hole

pitch circle diameter

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Table E.2 – Standard data for rectangular flanges (see note *1)

Duct longest side Back mark Flange Bolt Size Bolt Hole Size
mm in mm (in) mm (in) metric (in) mm (in)
Up to  350 Up to  14 23 (7/8) 40 × 40 × 4 RSA M8 (5/16) 10 (7/16)
(1.5 × 1.5 × 3/16)
>350 to 1500 >14 to 60 30 (1-3/16) 50 × 50 × 5 RSA M10(7/16) 12 (1/2)
(2 × 2 × 3/16)
>1500 >60 40 (1-5/8) 70 × 70 × 6 RSA M12 (1/2) 14 (9/16)
(3 × 3 × ¼)
NOTE: *1. Inch sizes are nearest appropriate size, they are not exact conversions of metric dimensions. Do not
mix metric and inch sizes.

1. Stiffeners shall be the same size as flanges.

a. For welded construction, stiffeners may be fabricated from flat bar.
2. The number of regular pitches shall be selected so that the end pitches P1 and
P2 are between 75 (3 in) and 150 mm (6 in).
Figure E.2 Rectangular flanges
P1
150

Duct nominal Back mark

width and
height
150
P1

P2 150 150 150 P2

Regular bolthole spacing is 150 mm (6 in).

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Annex F Temporary refuge leak testing

F.1 General
1. This Section describes the methodology that shall be applied to temporary refuge leak
testing and the treatment of test results.
The main objectives are:
 To prove that TR air-tightness does not exceed values stated in the installation
safety case
 During initial testing after construction, to establish the lowest leak rate that the
TR is normally be capable of
 During operation, to periodically re-test the TR to either confirm that leakage is
within acceptable limits or identify that remedial work is required.
 To verify that door seal maintenance is effective.
 To express test leakage rates in a form that better represents the leakage that
would occur under wind effect.
2. The procedure shall include the following steps:
a. Seal the TR as it would be in emergency mode by switching off HVAC systems
and closing doors and fire dampers
b. Attach a test fan to a selected doorway to pressurise (and depressurise) the TR,
measure leakage at positive and negative pressures
c. Apply the LBL correction methodology to test data to indicate the leakage that
would occur under wind effect.
The methodology was developed by Shell in the 1990s based on parts of
ASTM E 779 and ASHRAE. There are similarities with later methodologies for
leak-testing onshore buildings, such as CIBSE TM23, but such standards are
not applicable because of different objectives and different use of test results.

F.2 Leak testing

The basis of leak testing is to ‘seal’ the TR and pressurise to a steady differential
pressure. At any level of steady pressurisation the quantity of air supplied (or extracted)
is equal to the leakage through the TR boundary. This is indicated in the diagram below,
for positive pressurisation, where Qt is the sum of the theoretical leak paths Q1, Q2, etc.

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Leakage, Q3

Airflow from test fan = Qt

(positive press'n test)
Inside
Leakage, Q2
Pressure
'P'

Leakage, Q1

Leakage, Q4

1. The testing is conventionally based on a differential pressure of 50 Pascals

(0.2 in wg). Using modern equipment, the tests may be done for a range of pressures
and the leakage at 50 Pascals (0.2 in wg) obtained from a best-fit curve.

F.3 Leak test procedure

1. When a TR module is first leak-tested the likely leak paths such as cable penetrations,
pipe penetrations, fire damper internals, doors and door seals shall be inspected to
check that they seal satisfactorily.
a. Drain traps, including any in floor gullies, shall be checked to contain water and
seal correctly.
b. Smoke-testing may be done to verify sealing adequacy or identify leakage, doors
can be sealed with tape temporarily to establish how well their seals work.
c. Any defects should be permanently sealed or repaired before final tests.
It can be necessary for certain internal doors to be open during the test to
ensure that the internal areas are equally pressurised. This would apply to
doors that provide access to a number of areas, such as those in corridors.
2. The tests may be carried out using the following:
a. basic equipment, or
b. proprietary ‘Blower door’ equipment.
Such equipment has proved successful because of portability, ease of
installing in a doorway, and built-in instrumentation and software.
3. Tests should be carried out in lowest wind speeds possible.
4. Offshore tests may not coincide with low wind speeds but experience indicates that
satisfactory results are likely to be obtained with wind speeds up to 10 m/s (33 ft/s).
The negative pressurisation test is perhaps the closest representation of a gas
ingress situation, but the leakage mechanism depends on both infiltration and
exfiltration simultaneously which is why the procedure is done for both positive and
negative pressures.

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F.4 Treatment of test results

F.4.1 General
The basic test results can express leakage only for the test situation and the associated
pressure differentials produced by the test equipment. For an offshore installation, it is
necessary to have an understanding of the effective infiltration rate caused by wind
speed and stack effects which produce pressure differentials that are quite different from
the test situation, as shown in the following diagrams:

-ve pressure P2,

outward leakage
Q2

-ve pressure P4,

outward leakage
Wind direction
Q4

+ve pressure P1,

leakage infiltration
Q1

P1 = +ve -ve pressure P3,

outward leakage
Q3

The objective is to determine leak rates under wind effect so that they can be related to
time-based wind occurrence and probability, thus making it relevant to technical safety
work. The LBL correction method, taken from ASHRAE, provides a method for doing this
and the method is described below.
F.4.2 LBL corrected leakage
1. The following information shall be provided for the calculations:
a. Tested leakage airflow rates at test pressures for both positive and negative
pressurisation tests: Qtest (m³/s) at Ptest (Pascals).
b. Seasonal average values of wind speed, internal module temperature and
outside temperature that will apply to the module when in use offshore.
c. For reference, tests should also record the wind speed prevailing during tests.
2. Each of the following calculations shall be performed for both positive and negative
pressurisation test results.
a. The measured airflow leakage rates are normalised to a reference pressure that
is usually taken to be 4 Pascals (Pa) as a pressure differential at which leakage
will start to occur.
The formula1 is based on a standard square law relationship.

0.5 Qo = airflow (m³/s) at reference pressure value

 ΔP 
Q0  Q test  0  Qtest = measured (m³/s) airflow from test
 ΔPtest  Δpo = reference pressure (4 Pa)
Formula 1 Ptest= test pressure (Pa)

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b. Calculate leakage area using the formula 2 for flow through an orifice.

0.5
 ρ  1
L = leakage area (cm²)
L  Q0   Qo = airflow (m³/s) at reference pressure value
 2Δ P0  Cd 104
ρ = density (kg/m³)
Formula 2 Cd = discharge coefficient, normally taken as 1.0

c. Apply the LBL correction to adjust leakage according to the applicable seasonal
average wind speed and temperature differential.
i. Refer below table for coefficients A and B.

Q  L(At  Bv2 )0.5 1 1000

Formula 3

Q = corrected leakage (m³/s) No. Storeys Coeff A Coeff B

L = leakage area (cm²), from previous 1 0.000145 0.000319

calculation
-4 -1
A = stack effect coefficient (L/s)² (cm) (°C) 2 0.00029 0.00042
-4 -2
B = wind coefficient (L/s)² (cm) (m/s) 3 0.000435 0.000494

V = average seasonal wind speed (m/s) 4 0.00058 0.000548

t = average seasonal indoor-outdoor 5 0.000725 0.000588

temperature differential (°C)

d. The calculation shall be based on particular values of wind speed and differential
temperature.
e. The values used should be seasonal averages, not those pertaining at the time of
the test, so that the leak rate is calculated for average conditions.
f. These same values should be used for any further calculations for the particular
installation so that the results of different tests can be compared.
g. The corrected leak rates shall then be expressed in air changes per hour where
the airflow expressed in m³/s × 3600 is divided by the TR’s net volume (m³).
h. Net volume shall be obtained by applying a factor to the gross volume to allow for
the space occupied by bulkheads, floor structures, furniture, etc., 80% is a typical
value for the factor.
i. Leak rates calculated in this way should always include a reference to ‘LBL-
corrected’.
j. Offshore modules constructed with welded profiled steel cladding should achieve
LBL-corrected leak rates well within the value of 0.25 air changes per hour with
10 m/s wind speed.

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F.5 Documentation
F.5.1 Test procedure
1. A procedure document shall be written for each enclosed Temporary Refuge module
and be retained by the asset operator to use for future tests.
2. The test procedure document shall record all relevant information about the test
procedure and details such as:
a. Test equipment location.
b. List of fans to be switched off for the test.
c. List of boundary fire dampers that must be closed for the test.
d. List of boundary doors to be kept closed for the test.
e. List of any internal doors to be kept open for the test.
f. Any other relevant items, such as timing to suit galley operations, no laundry
operation during the test, areas where lack of ventilation during the test could
cause heat build-up.
g. Requirement to express results with the LBL correction.
h. TR dimensions to be used in calculations.
3. The test procedure shall include the results of the first test for use as the criteria for
future tests.
4. A margin of +20% may be allowed for subsequent tests provided that this does not
exceed leakage values used in the safety case.
F.5.2 Test report
1. A test report shall be written following each TR test and include calculations of the
LBL-corrected leak rate.

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PART IV REFERENCES
In this DEP, reference is made to the following publications:
NOTES: 1. Unless specifically designated by date, the latest edition of each publication shall be used,
together with any amendments/supplements/revisions thereto.
2. The DEPs and most referenced external standards are available to Shell staff on the SWW (Shell
Wide Web) at http://sww.shell.com/standards/.

SHELL STANDARDS

DEP feedback system DEP 00.00.05.80-Gen.

Fire, gas and smoke detection systems DEP 32.30.20.11-Gen.
Electrical machines – cage induction types (amendments/supplements DEP 33.66.05.31-Gen.
to IEC 60034-1 AND IEC 60034-14)
Design of offshore living quarters DEP 37.17.10.10-Gen.
Design of offshore temporary refuges DEP 37.17.10.11-Gen.
Area classification (amendments/supplements to IP 15) DEP 80.00.10.10-Gen.
Area classification and electrical equipment spacing for North DEP 80.00.10.13-Gen.
American application
Control and mitigation of fires and explosions on offshore production DEP 80.80.00.11-Gen.
installations (amendments/supplements to ISO 13702:1999)
Shell HSSE & SP Control Framework, Design Engineering Manual DEM1
(DEM) 1 – Application of Technical Standards.
https://eu001-
sp.shell.com/sites/AAAAA8432/CF/Web/Design_Engineering_Manual
_1_DEM1.aspx

AMERICAN STANDARDS

Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality ASHRAE 62.1

Guideline for the HVAC Commissioning Process ASHRAE
Issued by : ASHRAE - American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and
Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.
Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage Rate by Fan ASTM E779
Pressurization
HVAC Duct Construction Standards – Metal and Flexible SMACNA 1966
Issued by: Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors national
Associationwww.smacna.org
Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical API 500
Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Division 1
and Division 2
Recommended Practice for Classification of Locations for Electrical API 505
Installations at Petroleum Facilities Classified as Class I, Zone O,
Zone 1, and Zone 2

BRITISH STANDARDS

Method for specifying thermal insulating materials for pipes, tanks, BSI BS 5422
vessels, ductwork and equipment operating within the temperature
o o o
range - 40 °C (- 40 F) – 700 C (1292 F)

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Thermal insulation of pipework, ductwork, associated equipment and BSI BS 5970

other industrial installations in the temperature range of -100 °C (-148
°F) – 870 °C (1598 °F) - Code of practice
Specification for Sheet Metal Ductwork, Low, Medium, & High DW144
Pressure/Velocity Air Systems
Issued by: Building & Engineering Services Associationhttp://www.b-
espublications.co.uk/
Area classification code for petroleum IP Model code P15
Issued by: Institute of Petroleum

EUROPEAN STANDARDS

Refrigerating systems and heat pumps – Safety and environmental EN 378-1

requirements – Part 1: Basic requirements, definitions, classification
and selection criteria
Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental EN 378-2
requirements - Part 2: Design, construction, testing, marking and
documentation - Incorporates Amendment A2: 2012
Refrigerating systems and heat pumps - Safety and environmental EN 378-3
requirements - Part 3: Installation site and personal protection -
Incorporates Amendment A1: 2012
Ventilation for buildings – Air terminal devices – Aerodynamic testing EN 1751
of dampers and valves
Ventilation for buildings - Air handling units – Mechanical performance EN 1886
Continuously hot-dip coated steel flat products – Technical delivery EN 10346
conditions
Ventilation for non-residential buildings – Performance requirements EN 13779
for ventilation and room-conditioning systems
Design of fans working in potentially explosive atmosphere EN 14986

INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea SOLAS IMO DH110
Issued by: IMO - International Maritime Organization
Mechanical vibration – Balance quality requirements for rotors in a ISO 1940-1
constant (rigid) state – Part 1: Specification and verification of balance
tolerances
Industrial fans – Performance testing using standardized airways ISO 5801
Industrial fans – Mechanical safety of fans – Guarding ISO 12499
Industrial fans – Specifications for balance quality and vibration levels ISO 14694
Petroleum and natural gas industries – Offshore production ISO 15138
installations – Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning

NORWEGIAN STANDARDS

Norwegian Maritime Directorate Regulations NMO

http://www.sjofartsdir.no/en/

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