PIG
INTRODUCTION
1. Background Behind
English is Language International . With control Language English with okay
then We will can communicate with other nations in the world this . Beside that , we
will also can add outlook And knowledge knowledge we are for progress nation And
country we , because We will can read literature Language English , listening foreign
radio broadcasts country , and watching movies, adding outlook knowledge other
knowledge . With thus , on Finally We can control knowledge in all field .
Tenses are important thing in education Language English . And also is a rule
in speak English . If somebody want to control Language English with okay then He
must can mastering tenses with good . Among other tense forms , in paper here we
explain about simple past tense.
2. Formulation Problem
1) What do you mean with Simple past tense
2) What do you mean with Past continuous tense
3) What do you mean with Past perfect tense
3. Purpose
Objective from writing paper This is can understand And applying tenses in
conversation daily or formal activities that use Language English as Language mainly
.
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CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION
PAST TENSES
Past tenses are tenses that express form ' past ' sentences .
Past Tenses are divided to be 4 that is :
1. Simple past tense
2. Past continuous tense
3. Past perfect tense
4. Past perfect continuous tense
Based on use of the verb , tense sentences are divided become two form that is :
A. Nominal Form
A sentence in nominal form means a form sentence with noun as subject And without
using verbs as the predicate . Sentence like This need to be as the predicate . Example
= She is Beautiful (is = to be as predicate )
B. Verbal Form
Sentence in verbal form using the verb (Verb) as predicate. Example = They speak
English grammar (speak = verb as predicate )
Following will discussed regarding past tense (Simple past tense), (Past continuous
tense), (Past Perfect Tense)
1. Simple past tense
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For show that a action activity situation happen on time past And end on moment
certain at times past And time the end known .
FORMULA :
S + To Be (was/were) + ……..
S + Verb II + …….
Affirmative (+) : S + Verb II
Negative (-) : S + did not + Verb I
Interrogative (?) : Did + S + Verb I
For to form sentence without (interrogative) then plus 'did' in front subject and the
verb return to form first . If in sentence has there are words in the form (was/were)
Could, Might, Must, then just the auxiliary word just placed on the front
subject . When in sentence has there are auxiliary words (was/were) Could, Might,
Must, then after the auxiliary verb add NOT (N'T)
Example :
(+) He worked in the bank for four years.
(-) He didn't work in the bank for four years.
(?) Did he work in the bank for four years?
(-?) Did he not work in the bank for four years?
(+) She waited in the bank for four hours
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(-) She didn't wait in the bank for four hours
(?) Did she wait in the bank for four hours?
(-?) Did she not wait in the bank for four hours?
Sign time (signal time) used in form This is :
Yesterday : Yesterday
Yesterday morning : Yesterday Morning
Last Monday : Monday Then
An hour ago : An hour ago
Two days ago : Two the day before
The other day : Some the day before
Every day last year : Every day year Then
Last night : Last night Evening
Last year : Year Then
The day before yesterday : Yesterday Formerly
A Few minutes ago : A few minutes ago minute Then
Formula Simple Past Tense Sentence
Formula Simple Past Tense sentences that are not using verbs ( Non VERB)
(+) Subject + be (was/were) + Non Verb + Object
(-) Subject + be (was/were) + NOT + Non Verb + Object
(?) be (was/were) + Subject + Non Verb + Object?
(-?) Question Word + be (was/were) + NOT+ Subject + Non Verb + Object?
Example Simple Past Tense sentences do not using verbs :
(+) She was sick yesterday
(-) She wasn't sick yesterday
(?) Was She sick yesterday?
(-?) Why was she not sick yesterday?
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Formula Simple Past Tense sentences using verbs (VERB II )
(+) Subject + Verb 2 + Object
(-) Subject + Didn't + Verb 2 + Object
(?) Did + Subject + Verb 1 + Object?
(-?) Question Word + Did + Subject + Verb 1?
Example Simple Past Tense sentences use the verb :
(+) She went to Bandung last week.
(-) She didn't go to Bandung last week.
(?) Did she go to Bandung last week
(-?) Why did she go to Bandung last week?
Simple Past Tense is used For :
1) State a events that occurred in the past .
For example : I did the homework yesterday.
2.) State a habits carried out in the past .
For example : He usually analyzes the scientific books.
3.) State order incident or activities that occurred in the past .
For example : Finishing my work, I walked to the beach, and found a nice
place to swim.
4.) For state a incident or what if event implemented done in the past . For
example : If you came to my home what would you do?
2. Past Continuous Tense
For state a action or current events in progress on time past when incident other
happen .
FORMULA : S + was/were + Verb I ( ing ) + ……
Affirmative (+) : S + be (was/were) + V1-ing/ present participle
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Negative (-) : S + be( was/were) + not + V1-ing/present participle
Interrogative (?) : be( was/were) + S + V1-ing/present participle?
For make In interrogative sentences , was /were is placed at the front. subject .
For make sentence deny (negative) then after to be (was/were) add = NOT (N'T)
Example :
(+) I was reading book when father watched tv .
(-) I was not reading book when father watched tv .
(?) Was I reading book when father watched tv ?
(-?) Was I not reading book when father watched tv ?
(+) The team was running
(-) The team was not running
(?) Was the team running?
(-?) Was the team not running?
(+) I was writing a letter when my father read a magazine
(-) I wasn't writing a letter when my father read a magazine
(?) Was I writing letter when father read a magazine?
(-?) Was I not writing a letter when father read a magazine?
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Use of Past Continuous Tense:
a. Used For state a events that have occurred started And Still still in
progress when incident other happened in time past .
When she came to my house, I was listening to the radio.
I was reading when she met me.
When he arrived at my house, I was listening to the radio.
She was writing when he met me.
b. For state a action or current events happened in time past .
They were studying English all morning last Monday.
Yudi was watching TV the whole night last Sunday.
We were practicing dancing all morning last Monday.
Andika was listening to the radio the whole night last Sunday.
Sign the usual time (signal time) used :
When : When ( followed by with past tense)
While : While ( followed by with past tense)
As : When
All day yesterday : Throughout day Yesterday
The whole day last Sunday : Throughout day last week
3. Past Perfect Tense
For state a action events that have occurred finished done on time past or to explain a
more events formerly happen between two the event being discussed .
FORMULA :
S + Had + been +…
S + Had + Verb III + ….
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Affirmative (+) : S + Had + Verb I
Negative (-) : S + had not + Verb III
Interrogative (? ) : Had + S + Verb III
For to form interrogative sentence then Had placed in front subject . For to form
negative sentence then after Had plus = NOT (N'T)
Example :
(+) They had gone when she called me.
(-) They had not gone when she called me.
(?) Had they gone when she called me?
(-?) Had they not gone when she called me?
(+) When my brother arrived, I had painted my motor cycle
(-) When my brother arrived , I hadn't painted my motor cycle
(?) Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived?
(-?) Had I not cycled my motorbike , when did my brother arrive?
(+) The ship had left before I arrived
(-) The ship hadn't left before I arrived
(?) Had the ship left before I arrived?
(-?) Had the ship not left before I arrived?
Sign time (signal time) used between other :
Before : past perfect –before – past tense
After : past tense – after – past perfect
Until : past tense – until – past perfect
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As soon as : past tense – as soon as – past perfect
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CHAPTER III
CLOSING
Conclusion
Past tense is a sentences that state ' past ' past tense itself consists of from :
1. Simple past tense
FORMULA :
A. S + To Be (was/were) + ……..
B. S + Verb II + …….
Affirmative (+ ) : S + Verb II
Negative (-) : S + did not + Verb I
Interrogative (?) : Did + S + Verb I
2. Past continuous tense
FORMULA :
S + was/were + Verb I ( ing ) + ……
Affirmative (+) : S + To Be + Verb ing .
Negative (-) : S + To Be + not + Verb ing .
Interrogative (?) : To Be + S + Verb ing .
3. Past perfect tense
FORMULA :
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S + Had + been +…
S + Had + Verb III + ….
Affirmative (+) : S + Had + Verb I
Negative (-) : S + had not + Verb III
Interrogative (? ): Had + S + Verb III
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List Library
S. Warib , Sam. Tenses 16 Forms Time . Surabaya : Apollo Publisher .
Haryono , Rudi.Drs. Dictionary Complete For Students , College Students And
General . Jombang : Cross Media Publisher
Brown H. Douglas. 1994 . Teaching by Principles . San Francisco State. Prentice Hall
Regents Englewood Cliffs.
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