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Classnotes Student 94289836347 Basicprinciplesofacamerass1 121242

Digital cameras operate by capturing images through a combination of lenses, a diaphragm, a shutter, and a CCD sensor. The lenses focus light, the diaphragm controls the amount of light entering, and the shutter regulates exposure time, while the CCD converts light into electric charges to create digital images. This document outlines the basic construction and working principles of digital cameras, emphasizing their differences from analogue cameras.

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28 views3 pages

Classnotes Student 94289836347 Basicprinciplesofacamerass1 121242

Digital cameras operate by capturing images through a combination of lenses, a diaphragm, a shutter, and a CCD sensor. The lenses focus light, the diaphragm controls the amount of light entering, and the shutter regulates exposure time, while the CCD converts light into electric charges to create digital images. This document outlines the basic construction and working principles of digital cameras, emphasizing their differences from analogue cameras.

Uploaded by

wylgloenterprise1
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Basic Principle of digital cameras.

How a digital camera works

The word photography comes from the Greek words ‘photos’


means light combined with the word graphis means drawings which
gives a sense that to draw with light. Simply we can say photography is
the technique of recording fix images on a light sensitive surface. ‘Light
sensitive surface’ this phrase differentiate analogue and digital
cameras. In analogue cameras this light sensitive surface is a film
coated with chemical substances that are sensitive to the light; in
contrast digital camera uses sensors to process image and stores it in
digital files. Construction and mode of function of a digital camera
varies from their type to type but the basic principle of taking image is
all the same. Here I discuss a little about construction and basic working
principle of a primitive digital camera

Construction:
A digital camera consists of the following basic parts:
Lenses: It focuses the image, refracting the light rays comes
from the object so that they converge into a coherent image.
· Diaphragm: It determines the amount light enters through the
lenses. It measures as f-number, the greater the f-number the
smaller the opening of the diaphragm.
Shutter: It determines the amount of time of exposure. It is
measured in fractions of a second. The faster the shutter the
smaller the exposure.

· CCD (Charge Coupled Device): These are a group of sensors


that converts light into corresponding electric charge. Sensors
are made of light sensitive diodes called photosites that convert
photons into electrons (electric charges). The amount of
photons exposed by these photosites produce proportional
amount of charges. CCD also includes filters that generate a
color images, a series of filter must unpack the image into
discrete values of Red, Green and Blue (RGB).

Essentially these are the basic components of a digital camera,


since we intend to discuss only the basic principle so we do not
wish to go into deep more.
Working principle of a digital camera:

· Capturing image: lenses focused the light rays come from the
object made into a coherent image. Diaphragm determines
amount of light to be entered and shutter speed determines
time of exposure. Then lights made fall onto sensor (CCD) to get
corresponding electric charge.

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