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LP Simplex

The Simplex Method is used for solving linear programming (LP) problems with multiple variables and constraints, focusing on maximizing profit or minimizing cost. The process involves constructing an objective function, converting constraints, preparing a simplex tableau, and iteratively improving it until an optimal solution is reached. The method includes specific steps for both maximization and minimization problems, determining incoming and outgoing variables based on the tableau values.

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8 views1 page

LP Simplex

The Simplex Method is used for solving linear programming (LP) problems with multiple variables and constraints, focusing on maximizing profit or minimizing cost. The process involves constructing an objective function, converting constraints, preparing a simplex tableau, and iteratively improving it until an optimal solution is reached. The method includes specific steps for both maximization and minimization problems, determining incoming and outgoing variables based on the tableau values.

Uploaded by

lhujillekimb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Simplex Method – appropriate when solving LP problems with numerous variables and

constraints. It shows repetitive process of finding the optimal solution, either to maximize
profit or minimize cost. This method was
introduced by Professor George Dantzig of Standford University.

Simplex Maximization
Steps:
1. Construct objective function and constraints of the problem.
2. Convert explicit constraints from inequality to equality.
3. Prepare initial simplex tableau and compute for the value of Cⱼ, Zⱼ, and
C ⱼ-Zⱼ.
4. Check if the simplex tableau needs to be improved.
In a maximization problem the table needs to be improved if there is a positive value on C
ⱼ-Zⱼ row. However, once the values on C ⱼ-Zⱼ row are already equivalent to zero or
negative, an optimal solution has been reached already.

5. Determine the incoming column and the outgoing row.


Incoming Variable/Column - highest positive value in C ⱼ-Zⱼ row.
Outgoing Variable/Column – determined by dividing the RHS with pivot element/value.
Get the smaller ratio.
Pivot Value – intersection of incoming variable and leaving variable.
6. Improve the table and repeat step 3.
In a maximization problem the table needs to be improved if there is a positive value on C
ⱼ-Zⱼ row. However, once its values are already equivalent to zero or negative, an optimal
solution has been reached already.

Simplex Minimization
Steps:
1. Construct objective function and constraints of the problem.
2. Convert explicit constraints from inequality to equality.
3. Prepare initial simplex tableau and compute for the value of Cⱼ, Zⱼ, and
C ⱼ-Zⱼ.
4. Check if the simplex tableau needs to be improved.
In a minimization problem the table needs to be improved if there is a negative value on
C ⱼ-Zⱼ row. However, once its values are already equivalent to zero or positive, an optimal
solution has been reached already.
5. Determine the incoming column and the outgoing row.
Incoming Variable/Column - highest negative value in C ⱼ-Zⱼ row.
Outgoing Variable/Column – determined by dividing the RHS with pivot element/value.
Get the smaller ratio.
Pivot Value – intersection of incoming variable and leaving variable.
6. Improve the table and repeat step 3.
In a maximization problem the table needs to be improved if there is a positive value on C
ⱼ-Zⱼ row. However, once its values are already equivalent to zero or negative, an optimal
solution has been reached already.

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