for good
permanently:
She says she’s leaving him for good.
as well as conscious
in addition; and also: adjective
We have a responsibility to our community as well as to our UK /ˈkɒn.ʃəs/ US /ˈkɑːn.ʃəs/
families. conscious adjective (NOTICING)
be conscious of sth/sbMore examples
B2 to notice that a particular thing orperson exists or
for the better
is present:
If something changes for the better, it improves:
My tooth doesn't exactly hurt, but I'm conscious of it (= I
Most people think that things have changed for the better
can feel it) all the time.
since the new government came to power.
VERB + ADVENTURE
l embark on, have
l be looking for, want
Those of you looking for ~ can shoot the rapids.
reveal
verb [ T ]
UK /rɪˈviːl/ US /rɪˈviːl/
B2 to make known or show something that issurprising or that
was previously secret:
He was jailed for revealing secrets to the Russians.
[ + that ] Her biography revealed that she was not as rich as
everyone thought.
navigate
verb [ I or T ]
UK /ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/ US /ˈnæv.ə.ɡeɪt/
transport to direct the way that a ship, aircraft, etc. will travel,
travel
or to find a direction across, along, or over
an area of water or land, often by using a map:
Sailors have special equipment to help them navigate.
Even ancient ships were able to
navigate large stretches of open water.
grown up
adjective
UK /ˌɡrəʊn ˈʌp/ US /ˌɡroʊn ˈʌp/
B2 If you say that someone is grown up, you meanthat they
are an adult or that they behave in aresponsible way:
He seems very grown up for a ten-year-old.
motto
noun [ C ]
UK /ˈmɒt.əʊ/ US /ˈmɑː.to̬ ʊ/ PLURALmottos or mottoes
a short sentence or phrase that expresses a beliefor purpose:
purpose
Her motto is "Work hard, play hard".
gregarious If you are someone who is inclined to write, you may
adjective enjoy keeping a journal.
journal A journal is a record of one's thoughts
UK /ɡrɪˈɡeə.ri.əs/ US /ɡrɪˈɡer.i.əs/ and experiences. Keeping a journal can help you deal with
(of people) liking to be with other people : difficult emotions. If you are having an internal debate about
Emma's a gregarious, outgoing sort of person. something, writing down your thoughts in a journal might help
settle the matter.
document
ever sinceB1 continuously since that time: verb [ T ]
He's been depressed ever since he got divorced. UK /ˈdɒk.jə.ment
dɒk.jə.ment/ US /ˈdɑː.kjə.ment/
to record the details of an event, a process, etc.:
His interest in cars has been well-documented (= recordedand
written about) by the media.
come as/be
come as/be aa revelation
revelationC2
C2 to
to be
be (in)
in) the middle of nowhere
an extremely
an extremely pleasant
pleasant surprise:
surprise: INFORMAL DISAPPROVINGB2 far away from
This book
This book came
came as
as aa complete
complete revelation
revelation to
to me.
me. any towns and cities and where few people live:
He lives in a tiny house in the middle of nowhere.
expedition
noun
UK /ˌek.spəˈdɪʃ.ən/ US /ˌek.spəˈdɪʃ.ən/
expedition noun (JOURNEY)
B1 [ C ] an organized journey for a particularpurpose:
We're going on a shopping expedition on Saturday.
Scott died while he was on an expedition to the Antarctic in
1912.
If you raise money for a charity or an institution, you askpeople
for money which you collect on its behalf.
...events held to raise money for Help the Aged. [VERB noun
+ for]
All funds raised will be used by Children With
Leukaemia. [VERB-ed]
highs and lows
plural noun
Definition of highs and lows
: the good parts and bad partsHe talked about the highs and
lows of his career in film.
obscure
obscure
adjective
adjective take up the challenge
UK /əbˈskjʊərr// US
UK /əbˈskjʊə US /əbˈskjʊr/
/əbˈskjʊr/ to respond to a challenge and do what the challen
obscure adjective (NOT
obscure adjective (NOT KNOWN)
KNOWN) ge asks. I am not prepared to take the challenge u
not known
not known toto many
many people:
people: p. Dave tookup the challenge without much urging
an obscure
an obscure island
island in
in the
the Pacific
Pacific
an obscure
an obscure 12th-century
12th-century mystic
mystic conviction noun (OPINION)
C2 [ C or U ] a strong opinion or belief:
perspective noun (VIEW) religious/moral convictions
[ C/U ] a particular way of viewing things thatdepends on a deep/strong/lifelong conviction
one’s experience and personality: [ + that ] It's my personal conviction that all rapists should
[ C ] He brings a new perspective to the job. be locked away for life.
[ C ] From a social perspective, I am very much
a liberal, although my economic policies are very conservative.
conservative
sustainableadjective
US /səˈsteɪ·nə·bəl/
able to be maintained or continued:
The growth momentum is likely to be sustainable into
next year.
advocate noun [ C ] (SUPPORTER)
C2 someone who publicly supports something:
He's a strong advocate of state ownership of the railways.
short-lived
awarenessnoun [ U ] adjective
UK /əˈweənəs/ US UK /ˌʃɔːtˈlɪvd/ US /ˌʃɔːrtˈlɪvd//ˌʃɔːrtˈlaɪvd/
knowledge and understanding of a particularactivity, subject, If a feeling or experience is short-lived, it only lastsfor
etc.: a short time:
build/increase/raise awareness The guidelines are I had a few relationships at college, most of which
an important tool for raising awareness about current were fairlyshort-lived.
management thinking.
be/get involved to take part in an activity or event, or
be connected with it in some waybe/get involved in More than
30 software firms were involved in the project. I don’t want to
get involved in some lengthy argument about who is to blame.
mindset
noun [ U ]
UK /ˈmaɪnd.set/ US /ˈmaɪnd.set/
a person's way of thinking and their opinions:
to have a different/the same mindset
It's extraordinary how hard it is to change the mindset of
the public and the press.
set the stage (for something)
to make it possible for something else to happen:
The new evidence sets the stage for a long and interestingtrial
trial.
co-found
verb [ T ]
ALSO cofound UK US
to start an organization together with someoneelse:
Yahoo was co-founded by college students Jerry Yang
and David Filo.
conservation
noun [ U ]
UK /ˌkɒn.səˈveɪ.ʃən/ US /ˌkɑːn.sɚˈveɪ.ʃən/
B2 the protection of plants and animals, naturalareas,
and interesting and important structures andbuildings, especi
ally from the damaging effects ofhuman activity:
wildlife conservation
a conservation area
daring
initial
adjective
adjective [ before noun ] UK /ˈdeə.rɪŋ/ US /ˈder.ɪŋ/
UK /ɪˈnɪʃ.əl/ US /ɪˈnɪʃ.əl/
brave and taking risks:
B2 of or at the beginning:
a daring escape
My initial surprise was soon replaced by delight. This is a daring new film (= one willing to risk criticism) by one
Initial reports say that seven people have died, though this of our most original modern directors.
has not yet been confirmed. She
was wearing a fairly daring (= short) skirt that barelycovered he
r bottom.
innovative
adjective
UK /ˈɪn.ə.və.tɪv/ US /ˈɪn.ə.veɪ.tɪ̬ v/ UKALSO innovatory, UK /ˈɪn.
ə.veɪ.tər.i/ US
C1 using new methods or ideas:
innovative ideas/methods
nearly
eradicate adverb
verb [ T ] UK /ˈnɪə.li/ US /ˈnɪr.li/
UK /ɪˈræd.ɪ.keɪt/ US /ɪˈræd.ɪ.keɪt/FORMAL A2
2 almost, or not completely:
C2 to get rid of It's been nearly three months since my last haircut.
something completely or destroysomething bad: I've nearly finished that book you lent me.
The government claims to be doing all it can to She's nearly as tall as her father now.
eradicate corruption. They'd eaten nearly everything.
It was so funny - we nearly died laughing
fund
noun
UK /fʌnd/ US /fʌnd/
C1 [ C ] an amount of money saved, collected, orprovided for
a particular purpose:
a pension/trust fund
Perfect infinitive with to (to have worked
We form the perfect infinitive with to have + the -ed form of a verb.
verb
We use the perfect infinitive after verbs such as claim, expect, hate, hope, like, love, prefer,
pretend:
He pretended to have lost her number and so had been unable to contact her .
)or He pretended that he had lost her number(…
https://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-
grammar/perfect-infinitive-with-to-to-have-worked
contributionnoun [ C/U ]
US /ˌkɑn·trəˈbju·ʃən/
money, support, or other help:
[ C ] He made a substantial contribution to the building fund.
widespread
adjective
UK /ˌwaɪdˈspred/ US /ˌwaɪdˈspred/
C1 existing or happening in many places and/or among
many people:
There are reports of widespread flooding in northern France.
Malnutrition in the region is widespread - affecting up to
78 percent of children under five years old.
The campaign has received widespread support.
ridverb [ T ]
US /rɪd/ PAST TENSE AND PAST PARTICIPLE RID
to free a person or place of something unwanted orharmful
harmful:
In the city, it is hard to rid a building permanently of pests.
Definition of do one's part
: to do what one is responsible for doing or is able to
doI've done my part, and now it's time for him to do
his.Please do your part by donating what you can to the
organization.
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D
F
B
C
E
A