IMO

(1). What is “IMO”?

The International Maritime Organization.
Responsible for measures to improve the safety and security of international shipping and to prevent
marine pollution from ships.
IMO has (at 31 December 2022) 175 Member States.

(2). What are IMO’s chief instruments?

(i) Conventions, (ii)Protocols, (iii)Recommendations, Codes and Guidelines, (iv)Resolutions.

(3). What is an IMO Protocol?

Major amendments to a Convention.

(4). The meaning of MSC.104 (73) ?

MSC means “Maritime Safety Committee” ,
104 means “serial number of resolution”,
73 means “73rd section of the committee”

(5). Head of IMO ?

Current elected Secretary-General

SOLAS
(6). Proper name of SOLAS Convention?
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea 1974 as amended.

(7). Purpose of SOLAS?

The main objective of the SOLAS Convention is to specify minimum standards for the construction,
equipment and operation of ships, compatible with their safety.

(8). Chapter of SOLAS?

Chapter I : General provisions
Chapter II-1 : Construction - Structure, subdivision and stability, machinery and electrical
installations
Chapter II-2 : Construction — Fire protection, fire detection and fire extinction
Chapter III : Life-saving appliances and arrangements
Chapter IV : Radiocommunications
Chapter V : Safety of navigation
Chapter VI : Carriage of cargoes and oil fuel
Chapter VII : Carriage of dangerous goods
Chapter VIII : Nuclear ships
Chapter IX : Management for the safe operation of ships
Chapter X : Safety measures for high-speed craft
Chapter XI-1 : Special measures to enhance maritime safety
Chapter XI-2 : Special measures to enhance maritime security
Chapter XII : Additional safety measures for bulk carriers
Chapter XIII : Verification of Compliance (enforce 01-01-2016)
Chapter XIV : Safety measures for the Ships operating in the Polar Waters (enforce 01-01-2017)

(9). Certificates issued under SOLAS convention?

Ch-I Passenger ship safety certificate
Cargo ship safety equipment certificate
Cargo ship safety radio certificate
Cargo ship safety construction certificate
Exemption certificate
Ch-II-2 Document of compliance with the special requirement for ship carrying dangerous cargoes
Ch-V Minimum safe manning document
Ch-VI Document of Authorization for the carriage of grain
Ch-VII International certificated of Fitness for the carriage of dangerous chemical in bulk
International certificated of Fitness for the carriage of liquefied gases in bulk
International certificated of Fitness for the carriage of irradiated nuclear fuel cargo
Ch-VIII Nuclear cargo ship safety certificate
Nuclear passenger ship safety certificate
Ch-IX Document of compliance for ISM
Safety management certificate for ISM
Ch-X High speed craft safety certificate
Ch-XI-1 Continuous synopsis records
Ch-XI-2 International ship security certificate
Ch-XIV Polar ship certificate

(10). Code issued under SOLAS convention?

I-21 Casualties Investigation Code
II-1 The International Code on Intact Stability, 2008
II-1 Code on noise levels onboard ships
II-2 international code for fire safety systems (FSS Code)
II-2 international code for application of fire test procedures (FTP Code)
III international life saving appliance code (LSA code)
V international code of signal (INTERCO)
VI,VII code of safe practice for cargo stowage and securing (CSS Code)
VI code of safe practice for ship carrying timber deck cargoes (TDC code)
VI international maritime solid bulk cargoes code (IMSBC Code)
VI international code for the safe carriage of grain in bulk (international grain code)
VII international maritime dangerous goods code (IMDG code)
VII international code for the construction and equipment of ships carrying dangerous chemicals in
bulk (IBC code) after 1st July 1986
VII code for the construction and equipment of ships carrying dangerous chemicals in bulk (BCH
code) before 1st July 1986
VII international code for the construction and equipment of ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk
(IGC code)
VII code for the construction and equipment of ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk (GC code)
VII international code for safe carriage of packaged irradiated nuclear fuel, plutonium and high level
radioactive wasted onboard ship (INF code)
VIII code of safety for Nuclear Merchant Ship
IX international management code for safe operation of ship and for pollution prevention (ISM
code)
X code of safety for high speed craft (HSC Code)
XI-2 international ship and port facility security code (ISPS code)
XII code of practice for safe loading and unloading of bulk carrier (BLU Code)
XIII Instruments Implementation Code (III Code)
XIV International code for ships operating in Polar Waters (Polar Code)

(11). Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate ? (name of survey/valid/attachment/survey items)

 according to SOLAS Ch I/ Reg-8
 Survey of Life-saving Appliances & other equipment of cargo ship
 Initial , Annual , Periodical , Renewal, Additional survey (HSSC / valid not more than 5 yrs)
 Initial , Annual , Renewal ,Additional survey (non-HSSC / valid not more than 2 yrs)
 A Record of Equipment for the Cargo Ship Safety Equipment Certificate (Form E)
 survey items shall include inspection of the fire safety systems and appliances, life-saving appliances
and arrangements except radio installations, the shipborne navigational equipment, means of
 embarkation for pilots. The fire control plans, nautical publications, lights, shapes, means of making
sound signals and distress signals, the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea.

(12). Cargo Ship Safety Radio Certificate ? (name of survey/valid/attachment/survey items)

according to SOLAS Ch 1/ Reg-9
Surveys of radio installations of cargo ships
Initial , Periodical , Renewal, Additional survey (HSSC / valid not more than 5 yrs)
Initial , Renewal ,Additional survey (non-HSSC / valid not more than 1 yrs)
A Record of Equipment for the Cargo Ship Safety Radio Certificate (Form R)
survey item shall include inspection of the radio installations of cargo ships, including those
used in life-saving appliances.

Q: Which items is included in both Form (E) and Form (R)?

(i) Radar search and rescue transponders (SART)
(ii) AIS search and rescue transmitters (AIS-SART)

(13). Cargo Ship Safety Construction Certificate ? (name of survey/valid/attachment/survey items)

according to SOLAS Ch 1/ Reg- 10
Survey of structure, machinery and equipment of cargo ships
Initial , Annual, Intermediate, Renewal, Inspection of outside of ship bottom, Additional survey
(not more than 5 yrs)
no attachment
survey item shall include inspection of the structure, machinery and equipment.
the arrangements, materials, scantlings and workmanship of the structure, boilers and other
pressure vessels, main and auxiliary machinery including steering gear and associated control
systems, electrical installation. Stability information.
In the case of tankers shall also include an inspection of the pump-rooms, cargo, bunker and
ventilation piping systems and associated safety devices;

(14). Certificate extension 5 , 3 & 1 month?

 Extension not more than 5 months ; If a renewal survey has been completed and a new certificate
cannot be issued or placed on board the ship before the expiry date of the existing certificate.
 Extension not more than 3 months (for long voyage); When a certificate expires is not in a port in
which it is to be surveyed, the Administration may extend the period of validity of the certificate but
this extension shall be granted only for the purpose of allowing the ship to complete its voyage to the
port in which it is to be surveyed, and then only in cases where it appears proper and reasonable to do
so.
 Extension not more than 1 months (for short voyage); same story of ext: 3 months

(15). What is HSSC? Main benefit / Certificates / Surveys?

HSSC, Harmonized System of Survey and Certification, SOLAS 1988 protocol.
Main benefit
A ship need on longer go out of service for a survey required by one convention shortly after having to
do so for another convention;
More flexibility in the survey schedule;
Reduced numbers of surveyors;
Reduced survey time;
Reduced paperwork; and
Lower costs.
Certificates included;
SOLAS cert: (CSSEC, CSSRC, CSSCC),
MARPOL cert: (IOPPC, INLSC, ISPPC, IAPPC),
Load Line cert: (LL),
BWM Convention (IBWMC), and
Certificates issued under the IGC Code (ICOF), the IBC Code (ICOF), and the BCH Code (COF).
Surveys; There are (7) surveys under HSSC,
1. Initial Survey
2. Annual Survey
3. Intermediate Survey
4. Periodical Survey
5. Renewal Survey
6. Inspection of the Outside of the Ships Bottom
7. Additional Survey

(16). Emergency towing arrangements on tankers?

➢ SOLAS II-1/Reg 3-4
 Emergency towing arrangements shall be fitted at both ends on board every tanker of not less than
20,000 tonnes deadweight & constructed on or after 1 July 2002
 at all times, be capable of rapid deployment in the absence of main power.
 to be towed and easy connection to the towing ship. At least one of the emergency towing
arrangements shall be pre-rigged ready for rapid deployment.

(17). Emergency towing procedures on ships?

➢ SOLAS II-1/Reg 3-4
 all passenger ships, not later than 1 January 2010
 cargo ships, not later than 1 January 2012.
 Ships shall be provided with a ship-specific emergency towing procedure. Such a procedure shall
be carried aboard the ship for use in emergency situations.

(18). What shall include Emergency towing procedures booklet?

The procedure shall include:
(i) drawings of fore and aft deck showing possible emergency towing arrangements;
(ii) inventory of equipment on board that can be used for emergency towing;
(iii) means and methods of communication: and
(iv) sample procedures to facilitate the preparation for and conducting of emergency towing operations.

(19). Damage control information?

- Permanently exhibited, or readily available on the navigation bridge.
- Plans showing clearly for each deck and hold the boundaries of the watertight compartments.
- Watertight doors in passenger ships permitted to remain open during navigation shall be clearly indicated
in the ship's stability information.
- Simple and easily understandable way of assessing the ship's survivability in all damage cases involving
a compartment or group of compartments.

Q: What is SOLAS latest amendment in passenger ship?

- Damage control drill for passenger ship
- carried out every 3 months on or from 1 Jan 2020

(20). Main Steering Gear? (define / operate from / performance)

- Main steering gear is the machinery, rudder actuators, steering gear, power units, for the purpose of
steering the ship under normal service conditions.
- Main Steering gear is controlled and operate from Bridge.
- from 35°on either side to 30°on the other side in not more than 28s (full load / full speed).

(21). Auxiliary steering gear (or) Emergency steering gear? (define / operate from / performance)
- Auxiliary steering gear is the equipment other than any part of the main steering gear necessary to steer
the ship in the event of failure of the main steering gear but not including the tiller, quadrant or
components serving the same purpose.
- Auxiliary steering gear is controlled and operate from emergency steering room.
- from 15°on one side to 15°on the other side in not more than 60 s. (with full load, speed is one half of
the maximum ahead service speed or 7 knots, whichever is the greater).

(22). M/E, Emeg generator, Survival craft’ shall be operate how many list and trim?

(23). What is Main source of electrical power in cargo ships?

- Main source of electrical power is a source intended to supply electrical power to the main switchboard
for distribution to all services necessary for maintaining the ship in normal operation.
- Main generator

(24). What is Emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships?

- Emergency source of electrical power is a source of electrical power, intended to supply the emergency
switchboard in the event of a failure of the supply from the main source of electrical power.
- either a generator or an accumulator battery

(25). Emergency source of electrical power in cargo ships? (Location / Duration / to supply)
- shall be located above the uppermost continuous deck.
- shall not be located forward of the collision bulkhead.
- shall be capable of supplying simutaneously at least the following services;
(i) for a period of 3 h, emergency lighting at every muster and embarkation station and over the sides.
(ii) period of 18h ; emergency lighting, navigation light and GMDSS equipments, internal
communication, shipborne navigational equipment, daylight signalling lamp, fire detection and fire
alarm system, one of the fire pump.
(iii) period of 10min/30min; steering power source.

(26). Any different of emergency source of electrical power in passenger ship and cargo ship?
- passenger ship; capable of period at least 36 hr and
- emergency bilge pump can operate in passenger ship with emergency source of supply.

(27). Fire “A” class & “B” class?

“A” class division
- constructed of steel or other equivalent material
- capable of preventing the passage of smoke and flame to the end of the one-hour standard fire test.
- Bridge / Engine room / Galley

“B” class division

- constructed of non-combustible material
- capable of preventing the passage of flame to the end of first half hour standard fire test.
- Cabin
(28). Which certificate is require for Carriage of dangerous goods?
- Document of Compliance special requirements for ship carrying dangerous goods
- Certification for dangerous goods, except solid dangerous goods in bulk, is not required for those cargoes
specified as class 6.2 and 7, and dangerous goods in limited quantities.

(29). What is DG class 6.2 and 7?

(30). Define Rescue boat and Survival craft ?

Rescue boat is a boat designed to rescue persons in distress and to marshal survival craft.
Survival craft is a craft capable of sustaining the lives of persons in distress from the time of abandoning
the ship.

(31). Recovery time of the rescue boat? What is recovery strops?

Recovery time of the rescue boat shall be not more than 5 min in moderate sea conditions.
Foul weather recovery strops shall be provided for safety if heavy fall blocks constitute a danger.

(32). Recovery of persons from the water?

All ships shall have ship-specific plans and procedures for recovery of persons from the water.
The plans and procedures shall identify the equipment intended to be used for recovery purposes and
measures to be taken to minimize the risk to shipboard personnel involved in recovery operations.

(33). How to do ship’ drill?

Drills shall, as far as practicable, be conducted as if there were an actual emergency.

(34). Drill required under SOLAS convention?

(35). When will you do launching of lifeboats, except free-fall lifeboats?

Weekly ; Lifeboats, except free-fall lifeboats, on cargo ships shall be moved from their stowed position,
without any persons on board if weather and sea conditions so allow.
Monthly ; All lifeboats, except free-fall lifeboats, shall be turned out from their stowed position, without
any persons on board if weather and sea conditions so allow.
3 Monthly ; Each lifeboats shall be launched, and manoeuvred in the water by its assigned operating
crew, at least once every three months during an abandon ship drill.

(36). Freefall lifeboats’ launching?

- at least once every three months during an abandon ship drill the crew shall board the lifeboat, properly
secure themselves in their seats and commence launch procedures up to, but not including, the actual
release of the lifeboat (i.e. the release hook shall not be released).
- The lifeboat shall then either be free-fall launched (with only the required operating crew on board) or
by means of the secondary means of launching (with or without the operating crew on board).
- In both cases, the lifeboat shall be manoeuvred in the water by the operating crew.
- At intervals of not more than six months, the lifeboat shall either be launched by free fall (with only the
operating crew on board) or simulated launching.

(37). Rescue boats’ launching?

- Rescue boats other than lifeboats which are also rescue boats, shall be launched each month with their
assigned crew aboard and manoeuvred in the water.
- In all cases this requirement shall be complied with at least once every three months.

(38). Lifeboat dynamic test? (Davit launched liferaft’ davit test also same)
- at intervals not exceeding five years
- dynamic test of the winch brake at maximum lowering speed.
- The load to be applied without persons on board.
- Proof load equal to 1.1 times the weight of the survival craft or rescue boat and its full complement of
persons and equipment.

(39). What is decision support system?

- In all passenger ships, a decision support system for emergency management shall be provided on the
navigation bridge.
- The system shall, as a minimum, consist of a printed emergency plan or plans and may also accept the
use of a computer-based decision support system on the navigation bridge.

(40). Contents of an LSA training manual and where are manuals provided on board ship?
- Contents of manual include information on the best methods of survival, and instructions for onboard
maintenance of the LSA.
- Material in the manual must be in easily understood terms and be illustrated where appropriate.
- LSA training manual must be provided in each crew mess room and recreation room, or in each crew
cabin.
LSA training manual + FFE training manual = SOLAS training manual

(41). Source of energy for radio installation?

A reserve source or sources of energy shall be provided on every ship, to supply radio installations, for
the purpose of conducting distress and safety radiocommunications, in the event of failure of the ship's
main and emergency sources of electrical power.

(42). Which convention is concerned with ship radio communication?

SOLAS chapter IV and STCW chapter IV

(43). Ship working Language?

- a working language shall be established and recorded in the ship's log-book.
- Each seafarer shall be required to understand and, give orders and instructions and to report back in that
language.
- English language shall be used on the bridge as the working language for bridge-to-bridge and bridge-
to-shore safety communications as well as for communications on board between the pilot and bridge
watch keeping personnel.
(44). Certificate only issued by flag state?
(i) Ship registery,
(ii) Minimum safe manning document,
(iii) Continuous synopsis record,
(iv) Certificate of insurance or other financial security in respect of civil liability for bunker oil pollution
damage.

(45). Which navigation equipments are required the annual performance test?
The following equipments are required the annual performance test;
(1) VDR, (2) AIS, (3) EPIRB
the certificate of compliance issued by the testing facility shall be retained on board the ship.

(46). What kind of test require for LRIT?

Conformance test

(47). When will require LRIT’ Conformance Test Report?

The Conformance test report should be considered when,
• there is a change in the ship borne equipment used to transmit LRIT information;
• the ship is transferred to the flag of another Contracting Government;

(48). Who will be entitled to receive LRIT information?

(a) Flag State Administration
(Administration shall be entitled about ships entitled to fly its flag irrespective of where such ships may
be located)
(b) Port State
(about ships which have indicated their intention to enter a port facility or a place under the jurisdiction
of that Port)
(c) Coastal State
(ships navigating within a distance not exceeding 1,000 nautical miles of its coast state)

(49). What is LRIT information?

.1 the identity of the ship;
.2 the position of the ship (latitude and longitude); and
.3 the date and time of the position provided.

(50). In what circumstances may LRIT systems and equipment be switched off?
(i) where international agreements, rules or standards provide for the protection of navigational
information; or
(ii) considered by the Master to compromise the safety or security of the ship.

(51). Navigation bridge visibility?

- from the conning position, shall not be obscured by more than two ship lengths, or 500 m, whichever is
less,
- forward of the bow to 10°on either side under all conditions of draught, trim and deck cargo;

(52). What is conning position?

Place on the bridge with a commanding view, used for monitoring and directing the ships movements.

(53). Requirement of bridge face window as per SOLAS?

- To help avoid reflections, the bridge front windows shall be inclined from the vertical plane top out,
- at an angle of not less than 10° and not more than 25°.

(54). How to check your ship’ pilot ladder is approved pilot ladder or not?
- According to SOLAS Ch V/ Reg: 34
- A pilot ladder shall be certified by the manufacturer. (test certificate)
- shall be clearly identified with tags or other permanent marking.
- A record shall be kept on the ship as to the date the identified ladder is placed into service and any
repairs effected.

(55). Link between SOLAS & Noon Report? Noon report is mandatory or company’s requirement?
SOLAS Chapter V/ Regulation 28,
daily reporting
* Each ship of 500 gross tonnage and above, engaged on International voyages exceeding 48 hours, shall
submit a daily report to its company.
* The report shall contain the following:
.1 ship's position;
.2 ship's course and speed; and
.3 details of any external or internal conditions that are affecting the ship's voyage or the normal safe
operation of the ship.

(56). Danger message? (define / report )

The master of every ship which meets with
(i) dangerous ice,
(ii) a dangerous derelict, or any other direct danger to navigation,
(iii) a tropical storm,
(iv) encounters sub-freezing air temperatures associated with gale force winds causing severe ice
accretion on superstructures,
(v) winds of force 10 or above on the Beaufort scale for which no storm warning has been received,

➢ is bound to communicate the information to ships in the vicinity, and also to the competent
authorities.
➢ It may be transmitted either in plain language (preferably English) or by means of the International
Code of Signals.

(57). Voyage planning as per SOLAS Convention?

SOLAS V/Reg - 34; “ Safe navigation and avoidance of dangerous situations ”
❖ Prior to proceeding to sea, the master shall ensure that the intended voyage has been planned using the
appropriate nautical charts and nautical publications for the area concerned.
❖ The voyage plan shall identify a route which:
.1 takes into account any relevant ships' routeing systems;
.2 ensures sufficient sea room for the safe passage of the ship throughout the voyage;
.3 anticipates all known navigational hazards and adverse weather conditions; and
.4 takes into account the marine environmental protection measures.

(58). Voyage planning as per STCW Convention?

Voyage Planning as per STCW, Section A VIII/2
❖ The intended voyage shall be planned in advance, taking into consideration all pertinent information,
and any course laid down shall be checked before the voyage commences.
❖ The chief engineer officer shall, in consultation with the master, determine in advance the needs of the
intended voyage, taking into consideration the requirements for fuel, water, lubricants, chemicals,
expendable and other spare parts, tools, supplies and any other requirements.
❖ Prior to each voyage, the master of every ship shall ensure that the intended route from the port of
departure to the first port of call is planned using adequate and appropriate charts which are relevant to the
safe navigation of the ship.
Deviation from planned route
❖ If a decision is made, during a voyage, to change the next port of call of the planned route, or if it is
necessary for the ship to deviate substantially from the planned route for other reasons, then an amended
route shall be planned prior to deviating substantially from the route originally planned.
(59). What is “verified gross mass”?
➢ The shipper of a container shall ensure the verified gross mass is stated in the shipping document.
➢ If the shipping document, with regard to a packed container, does not provide the verified gross mass
and the master or his representative and the terminal representative have not obtained the verified
gross mass of the packed container, it shall not be loaded on to the ship.

(60). Requirements of loading, unloading and stowage of solid bulk cargoes ?

❖ to prevent excessive stresses in the ship's structure, the ship shall be provided with a booklet.
The booklet shall, as a minimum, include:
.1 stability data,
.2 ballasting and deballasting rates and capacities;
.3 maximum allowable load per unit surface area of the tank top plating,
.4 maximum allowable load per hold;
.5 general loading and unloading instructions with regard to the strength of the ship's structure including
any limitations on the most adverse operating conditions during loading, unloading, ballasting operations
and the voyage;
.6 any special restrictions such as limitations on the most adverse operating conditions.
.7 where strength calculations are required, maximum permissible forces and moments on the ship's hull
during loading, unloading and the voyage.
❖ Before a solid bulk cargo is loaded or unloaded, the master and the terminal representative shall agree
on plan.
❖ If during loading or unloading any of the limits of the ship are exceeded or are likely to become so if
the loading or unloading continues, the master has the right to suspend operation and the obligation to
notify accordingly the appropriate authority of the port State.

(61). IMSBC Code? {Define, Apply, Contents}

IMSBC Code means the International Maritime Solid Bulk Cargoes (IMSBC) Code adopted by the
Organization.
 The carriage of solid bulk cargoes other than grain shall be in compliance with the relevant
provisions of the IMSBC Code.
 The contents of IMSBC code include section 1 to 13 and 5 appendix.
[Appendix 5 is “Bulk Cargo Shipping Names in three languages (English, French and Spanish)”]

(62). Define “Grain”? Cert: req: for grain in bulk?

 Grain includes wheat, maize (corn), oats, rye, barley, rice, pulses, seeds and processed forms thereof
whose behaviour is similar to that of grain in its natural state.
 A cargo ship carrying grain in bulk, shall comply with the requirements of the International Grain
Code, and hold a document of authorization as required by that Code.
 A ship without such a document shall not load grain until the master satisfies the Administration, or
the Contracting Government of the port of loading on behalf of the Administration, that the ship will
comply with the requirements of the International Grain Code in its proposed loaded condition.

(63). Which SOLAS chapter are need to apply for bulk carrier and tanker for the concerning with cargo?
Bulk carrier ------- SOLAS chapter VI & XII
Tanker ------- SOLAS chapter VI & VII

(64). DG (package DG, solid in bulk DG, liquid chemical in bulk, liquified gas in bulk)?
(i) Carriage of Dangerous Goods in Packaged Form ------ IMDG code
(ii) Carriage of Dangerous Goods in Solid Form in Bulk ------ IMSBC code
(iii) Ships Carrying Dangerous Liquid Chemicals in Bulk ----- IBC code
(iv) ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk ------ IGC code

(65). IMDG & IMSBC code are required by which convention?

IMDG ---- SOLAS CH: VII & MARPOL ANNEX III
IMSBC---- SOLAS CH: VI
(66). Safety Vs Security?
SAFETY SECURITY
Safety Officer SSO
DPA CSO
SMS/SMM SSP
ISM ISPS
SMC+DOC(copy) ISSC
SMC (5 yrs) ISSC (5 yrs)

(67). ISM / ISPS inter audit and external audit?

(67). ISM/ISPS external audit?

(68). Which certificates are used survey, inspection and verification?

SMC (ISM) & ISSC (ISPS) ---------- Verification
MLC ---------- Inspection
others certificate (if any) ---------- Survey

(69). What are Enhanced Surveys, and which ships are required to have them?
 Enhanced Surveys are basically;
(i) Close-up examinations of frames, webs and bulkheads in selected cargo holds and tanks, ballast tank
internal structure, hatch covers and coamings, deck structure and under deck plating between cargo hold
hatches and areas of inner bottom plating.
(ii) Thickness measurements of deck and shell plating and focuses on the hull internal structure in
the cargo hold length.
(iii) Cargo and ballast tank pressure tests.
(iv) Condition of paint coating is assessed and recorded.
 Enhanced Surveys are carried out by IACS member Classification societies surveyors.
 Bulk carriers (SOLAS XI-1 & XII) and oil tankers (SOLAS XI-1) are required Enhanced survey.
(70). Continuous Synopsis Record?
A complete CSR comprises three forms;
CSR Form 1 (CSR Document),
CSR Form 2 (Amendment form),
CSR Form 3 (Index of Amendment form).

(71). Atmosphere testing instrument for enclosed spaces ?

 Every ship shall carry an appropriate portable atmosphere testing instrument or instruments.
 As a minimum, these shall be capable of measuring concentrations of oxygen, flammable gases or
vapours, hydrogen sulphide and carbon monoxide prior to entry into enclosed spaces.

(72). Security level 1,2,3?

Security level 1 means the level for which minimum appropriate protective security measures shall be
maintained at all times.
Security level 2 means the level for which appropriate additional protective security measures shall be
maintained for a period of time as a result of heightened risk of a security incident.
Security level 3 means the level for which further specific protective security measures shall be
maintained for a limited period of time when a security incident is probable or imminent, although it may
not be possible to identify the specific target.

(73). Difference between Security alert and Distress alert?

 Security alert means any suspicious act or circumstance threatened to the security of ship. The ship
security alert system, when activated, shall:
1. initiate and transmit a ship-to-shore security alert to a competent authority designated by the
Administration,
2. not send the ship security alert to any other ships;
3. not raise any alarm on board the ship; and
4. continue the ship security alert until deactivated and/or reset.
❖ Distress alert means the ship, air craft or other vehicle is threatened by grave imminent danger and
require immediate assistance. Distress alert can received all stations (ship and shore station).

(74). Do the company security officer, ship security officer or Master have authority to change the security
officer or Master have authority to change the security level?
No. They may implement protective security measures in accordance with the ship security plan, but they
may not set the security level; that is a government function.

(75). What are the minimum contents of a ship security plan?

(1) Measures designed to prevent unauthorized weapons, dangerous being substances and devices
intended for use against persons; ships or ports from being taken on board;
(2) Identification of restricted areas and measures for prevention of unauthorized access to them;
(3) Measures for prevention of unauthorized access to the ship;
(4) Procedures for responding to security threats or breaches of security, including provisions for
maintaining critical operations of the ship or ship/port interface;
(5) Procedures for responding to any security instructions contracting governments may give at security
level 3;
(6) Procedures for evacuation in case of security threats or breaches of security;
(7) Duties of shipboard personnel assigned security responsibilities and of the shipboard personnel on
security aspects;
(8) Procedures for auditing the security activities;
(9) Procedures for training, drills and exercises associated with the SSP;
(10) Procedures for interfacing with port facility security activities;
(11) Procedures for periodic review of the SSP and for updating;
(12) Procedures for reporting security incidents;
(13) Identification of the ship security officer;
(14) Identification of the company security officer including 24-hour contact details;
(15) Procedures to ensure the inspection, testing, calibration, and maintenance of any security equipment
provided on board;
(16) Frequency for testing or calibration of any security equipment provided on board;
(17) Identification of the locations where the ship security alert system activation points ate provided; and
(18) Procedures, instructions and guidance on the use of the ship security alert system, including the
testing, activation, deactivation and resetting and to limit false alerts.

(76). Duty and responsibility of SSO?

A ship security officer shall be designated on each ship. The duties and responsibilities of the SSO shall
include, but are not limited to:
(i) undertaking regular security inspections of the ship to ensure that appropriate security measures are
maintained;
(ii) maintaining and supervising the implementation of the ship security plan;
(iii)coordinating the security aspects of the handling of cargo and ship's stores with other shipboard
personnel and with the relevant port facility security officers;
(iv) proposing modifications to the ship security plan;
(v) reporting to the company security officer any deficiencies and non-conformities identified during
internal audits, periodic reviews, security inspections and verifications of compliance and implementing
any corrective actions;
(vi) enhancing security awareness and vigilance on board;
(vii) ensuring that adequate training has been provided to shipboard personnel, as appropriate;
(viii)reporting all security incidents;
(ix) coordinating implementation of the ship security plan with the company security officer and the
relevant port facility security officer; and
(x) ensuring that security equipment is properly operated, tested, calibrated and maintained, if any.

(77). What is “observation”? example?

“Observation” is a statement of fact made during a safety management audit and substantiated by
objective evidence.
e.g, items of newly-fitted bridge equipment should be added to the pre-departure checklist.

(78). How to close out “observation” and when “observation” become NC?
For close out observation, “the completion of corrective action and objective evidence” send to DPA.
When corrective actions for observation is not carried out, observation become Non-conformity.

(79). What is “Non-conformity”? example?

“Non-conformity” means an observed situation where objective evidence indicates the non-fulfillment of
a specified requirement.
eg, if the SMS requires that before commencing bunkering operations, communications with the bunker
barge are agreed and tested, but this is not done, there is a N.C.

(80). How the non-conformities closed-out?

Written notification of the completion of corrective action, accompanied where possible by objective
evidence, must be forwarded DPA. When the lead auditor is satisfied that the agreed corrective action has
been completed the Non-Conformity Note is closed out, stamped, signed and returned to the DPA.

(81). What is “Major non-conformity”? example?

“Major non-conformity” means an identifiable deviation that poses a serious threat to the safety of
personnel or the ship or a serious risk to the environment that requires immediate corrective action or the
lack of effective and systematic implementation of a requirement of the ISM Code.
e.g, Fire alarm system failure, a missing life raft, or a fault with an oil/water separator.
(82). What you expect that SMC auditor will inspect during inspection?
ISM auditor’s chief responsibility is to verify the completeness, adequacy and effective functioning of
the SMS.
ISM auditor usually wants to see: All records, checklists and files, ISM manuals and corrections to
manuals, ship’s safety and fire-fighting equipment, navigational and machinery manuals, charts, log
books, reports, standing orders, posters and placards, bridge procedures, maintenance and repair schedules
and records, spares, etc
May want to see any safety related operation or drill being carried out.

(83). Permanent triangle mark on bulk carrier?

Any restrictions imposed on the carriage of solid bulk cargoes having a density of 1,780 kg/m3 and above,
a bulk carrier shall be permanently marked
on the side shell at midships,
port and starboard,
with a solid equilateral triangle having sides of 500 mm and its apex 300 mm below the deck line, and
painted a contrasting colour to that of the hull.

(84). Solid bulk cargo density declaration?

unless such bulk carriers comply with all relevant requirements of the carriage of solid bulk cargoes
having a density of 1,780 kg/m3 and above, any cargo declared to have a density within the range 1,250
kg/m3 to 1,780 kg/m3 shall have its density verified by an accredited testing organization.`

(85). Hold, ballast and dry space water ingress alarms?

Bulk carriers shall be fitted with water level detectors: giving an audible and visual alarm.
in each cargo hold, one when the water level above the inner bottom in any hold reaches a height of 0.5
m and another at a height not less than 15% of the depth of the cargo hold but not more than 2 m.
For cargo holds which are used for water ballast, an alarm overriding device may be installed.

in any ballast tank forward of the collision bulkhead, giving an audible and visual alarm when the liquid
in the tank reaches a level not exceeding 10% of the tank capacity. An alarm overriding device may be
installed to be activated when the tank is in use; and

in any dry or void space other than a chain cable locker, any part of which extends forward of the
foremost cargo hold of 0.1 m above the deck.

(86). Polar water?

Polar waters means arctic waters and/or the Antarctic area.

(87). As per polar code, what are the category of ship?

Category A ship means a ship designed for operation in polar waters in at least medium first-year ice,
which may include old ice inclusions.
Category B ship means a ship not included in category A, designed for operation in polar waters in at
least thin first-year ice, which may include old ice inclusions.
Category C ship means a ship designed to operate in open water or in ice conditions less severe than
those included in categories A and B.

(88). Structure of Polar Code?

Polar Code consists of Introduction, parts I and II.
The Introduction contains mandatory provisions applicable to both parts I and II.

Part I is subdivided into part I-A, which contains mandatory provisions on safety measures, and part I-B
containing recommendations on safety.

Part II is subdivided into part II-A, which contains mandatory provisions on pollution prevention, and
part II-B containing recommendations on pollution prevention.
(89). Sources of hazards in Polar region?
The Polar Code considers hazards which may lead to elevated levels of risk due to increased probability
of occurrence, more severe consequences, or both:
(1) Ice, as it may affect hull structure, stability characteristics, machinery systems, navigation, the outdoor
working environment, maintenance and emergency preparedness tasks and malfunction of safety
equipment and systems;
(2) experiencing topside icing, with potential reduction of stability and equipment functionality;
(3) low temperature, as it affects the working environment and human performance, maintenance and
emergency preparedness tasks, material properties and equipment efficiency, survival time and
performance of safety equipment and systems;
(4) extended periods of darkness or daylight as it may affect navigation and human performance;
(5) high latitude, as it affects navigation systems, communication systems.
(6) potential lack of ship crew experience in polar operations, with potential for human error;
(7) potential lack of suitable emergency response equipment, with the potential for limiting the
effectiveness of mitigation measures;
(8) rapidly changing and severe weather conditions, with the potential for escalation of incidents.

(90). Certificates onboard for Polar Region?

Every ship to which Polar Code applies shall have on board a valid Polar Ship Certificate.
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