AirGate-Modbus

INSTRUCTIONS MANUAL V1.0x D

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1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................................................3
2. CONNECTION AND INSTALLATION ................................................................................................................................................................4
2.1. MECHANICAL INSTALLATION ..................................................................................................................................................................4
2.1.1. DIMENSIONS ..................................................................................................................................................................................4
2.2. ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS .................................................................................................................................................................4
2.2.1. INSTALLATION RECOMENDATIONS ............................................................................................................................................4
3. OPERATION.......................................................................................................................................................................................................5
3.1. USB .............................................................................................................................................................................................................5
3.2. SETUP BUTTON .........................................................................................................................................................................................5
3.3. LEDS ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................5
4. OPERATION MODES ........................................................................................................................................................................................6
4.1. RS485-MASTER..........................................................................................................................................................................................6
4.2. RS485-SLAVES...........................................................................................................................................................................................6
4.3. USB-MASTER .............................................................................................................................................................................................6
4.4. MULTI-MASTER ..........................................................................................................................................................................................6
4.5. COMPLEMENTARY MODES ......................................................................................................................................................................6
5. USING THE OPERATION MODES....................................................................................................................................................................7
5.1. WIRELESS SEGMENTS IN ANY POINT OF A MODBUS NETWORK ......................................................................................................7
5.2. WIRELESS SEGMENTS CLOSE TO THE MODBUS MASTER ................................................................................................................7
5.3. WIRELESS SEGMENTS CLOSE TO MULTIPLEXED MODBUS MASTERS ............................................................................................7
6. LONG REACH APPLICATION ...........................................................................................................................................................................8
6.1. RESTRICTION ............................................................................................................................................................................................9
7. SOFTWARE SETUP ........................................................................................................................................................................................10
8. CONFIGURATION MODE ................................................................................................................................................................................11
9. DETERMINATION AND SELECTION OF THE SERIAL PORT (COM) - WINDOWS .....................................................................................12
9.1. DETERMINATION .....................................................................................................................................................................................12
9.2. SELECTION ..............................................................................................................................................................................................12
9.3. IMPORTANT RECOMMENDATION .........................................................................................................................................................13
10. CONFIGURATIONS - AIRGATE-MODBUS .....................................................................................................................................................14
10.1. BASICS................................................................................................................................................................................................14
10.1.1. PAN ID ......................................................................................................................................................................................14
10.1.2. MODBUS ADDRESS ................................................................................................................................................................14
10.1.3. BAUD RATE .............................................................................................................................................................................14
10.1.4. PARITY .....................................................................................................................................................................................14
10.1.5. TIMEOUT ..................................................................................................................................................................................14
10.1.6. OPERATION MODES ..............................................................................................................................................................14
10.2. ADVANCED .........................................................................................................................................................................................14
10.2.1. INTERFRAME TIME .................................................................................................................................................................14
10.2.2. RF POWER...............................................................................................................................................................................14
10.2.3. SECURITY ................................................................................................................................................................................14
10.3. FIRMWARE UPDATE .........................................................................................................................................................................15
11. DATA COMMUNICATION - SERIAL ................................................................................................................................................................16
11.1. RS485 AND USB INTERFACES .........................................................................................................................................................16
12. DATA COMMUNICATION (WIRELESS) ..........................................................................................................................................................17
13. MODBUS COMMANDS ...................................................................................................................................................................................18
13.1. READ HOLDING REGISTERS – 0X03 ...............................................................................................................................................18
13.2. WRITE HOLDING REGISTERS – 0X06 .............................................................................................................................................18
13.3. DESCRIPTION OF SOME REGISTERS.............................................................................................................................................18
13.1. REGISTER 35 – OPERATION CHANNEL ....................................................................................................................................18
13.2. REGISTER 36 – LINK QUALITY INDICATOR RX FATHER .........................................................................................................18
13.3. REGISTER 39 – LINK QUALITY INDICATOR RX CHILD.............................................................................................................18
13.4. LINK QUALITY INDICATOR ..........................................................................................................................................................19
14. HOLDING REGISTERS TABLE .......................................................................................................................................................................20
15. ACCESSORIES ................................................................................................................................................................................................25
16. SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................................................................................................26
16.1. CERTIFICATIONS ...............................................................................................................................................................................26
17. WARRANTY .....................................................................................................................................................................................................28

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1. INTRODUCTION
AirGate-Modbus is a device with a link interface function between a network with Modbus RTU protocol about RS485 and a wireless network with
proprietary protocol about IEEE 802.15.4. Resulting from an advanced technological development, the device stands out in many aspects, such as
high performance, high connectivity and easy setup and operation. This technology is presented as the ideal solution for applications which require
flexibility and interoperability.
It main characteristics are:
• RP-SMA connector for antenna;
• 2 dBi antenna;
• Two connectors for one RS485 Modbus RTU interface;
• USB Device (Micro-B);
• Status indicator LEDs;
• Button used to enter setup mode.

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2. CONNECTION AND INSTALLATION
2.1. MECHANICAL INSTALLATION
AirGate-Modbus has its own enclosure, to be installed in a 35 mm trail.
For the installation in the trail, the metallic hook in the base must be located and pressed against the trail.

2.1.1. DIMENSIONS
The dimensions of AirGate-Modbus are shown in Fig. 1:

Fig. 1 – Dimensions of AirGate-Modbus

2.2. ELECTRICAL INSTALLATIONS

AirGate-Modbus has power supply connector and serial communication interface RS485, as shown in Fig. 2.
Caution when connecting the power supply wires in AirGate-Modbus. If the positive conductor of the
power source is turned on, even if momentarily, to one of the communication link terminals, the AirGate-
Modbus may be damaged.

Fig. 2 – Power supply and communication connections of the AirGate-Modbus

Fig. 3 shows the electrical connections needed. Terminals 1, 2 and 3 are destined for the communication with Modbus network. These terminals
are internally connected to terminals 4, 5 and 6. The terminals 7, 8 and 9 are used for AirGate-Modbus power supply.

Fig. 3 – AirGate-Modbus electrical connections

2.2.1. INSTALLATION RECOMENDATIONS

Input conductors must go through the system plan separated from the output and power supply conductor and in grounded conduits.

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3. OPERATION
In the frontal panel are found 1 USB Micro-B connector, 1 RP-SMA connector for the antenna, 1 setup button and 2 LEDs for status indication, as
shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. 4 - AirGate-Modbus frontal panel

3.1. USB
The USB interface of AirGate-Modbus is used for setup. Depending on the operation mode set, this interface can be connected to a PC
functioning as master of the Modbus RTU network.
3.2. SETUP BUTTON
When press the button, AirGate-Modbus enters setup mode and waits the configuration by the USB interface. If there is no communication
through the USB interface, after 1 minute, this will go back to normal functioning.
3.3. LEDS
When turning the device on, the Status LED starts to flash quickly until the AirGate-Modbus connects to a
wireless network. In the moment that the AirGate-Modbus is connected to a wireless network, the Status LED
remains turned on.
When the setup button is pressed, the Status LED flashes slowly until AirGate-Modbus quits operation mode.
There are 3 possible ways to quit setup mode:
• Clicking in the setup button again;
• Applying a configuration successfully;
• Waiting 1 minute.
The Communication LED flashes to show that the device is receiving packages through any of its interfaces and
is forwarding correctly. The speed of the flashing is according to the communication speed.
When the firmware of the AirGate-Modbus is being updated, the Communication LED will start to flash and the
Status LED will be off.

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4. OPERATION MODES
AirGate-Modbus can be configured with four different operation modes:
4.1. RS485-MASTER
Simple forwarding between RS485 and IEEE 802.15.4
In this mode, AirGate-Modbus uses the RS485 interface to communicate with a Modbus network and the wireless interface to communicate with
other AirGate-Modbus devices in RS485-Slaves operation modes.

4.2. RS485-SLAVES
Simple forwarding between IEEE 802.15.4 and RS485
In this mode, AirGate-Modbus has the objective of continuing the Modbus network. It uses the wireless interface to communicate with another
AirGate-Modbus, where the network master is located. The RS485 interface is used to communicate with Modbus slaves.
As of firmware version V1.23, when operating in this mode of operation, the AirGate-Modbus can begin to automatically perform the repeater
function. This function does not require any special configuration. When configured in this mode of operation, after the AirGate-Modbus finds a
father (RS485-Master, USB-Master, Multi-Master or even another RS485-Slaves), it then is able to offer the option of having children, allowing
other AirGates that are also operating with RS485-Slaves to automatically pair with it.

4.3. USB-MASTER
USB Routing for RS485 and IEEE 802.15.4
In this mode, AirGate-Modbus uses the USB interface to communicate directly with a Modbus master and its RS485 interface to communicate with
a Modbus slave's network. The wireless interface is used to communicate with other AirGate-Modbus devices in RS485-Slaves operation mode.

4.4. MULTI-MASTER
Multiplexing of the USB and RS485 for IEEE 802.15.4
In this mode, AirGate-Modbus uses the RS485 and USB interfaces for the multiplexing of Modbus masters. The masters must be directly linked to
these interfaces. The wireless interface is used to communicate with other AirGate-Modbus devices in RS485-Slaves operation mode.
When this operation mode is used, a Timeout is needed to ensure that each of the masters have a usage time in the network. This Timeout is
automatically adjusted by DigiConfig software according to the Baud Rate used by the interfaces, as it can be seen in the section "TIMEOUT" from
the chapter "CONFIGURATIONS - AIRGATE-MODBUS". Depending on the number of slaves and of the response time of each slave, it may be
necessary to adjust this Timeout to reduce possible communication errors.
It's important to emphasize that the Timeout configured for this operation mode refers to a time interval managed automatically by the
AirGate-Modbus. The network masters plugged in each one of the USB and RS485 interfaces must have their Timeouts configured with
double the time set in AirGate-Modbus Timeout.

4.5. COMPLEMENTARY MODES

Only devices with distinct functions form a wireless communication network. The operation form of some modes also imposes connection
restrictions. The modes compatible with the wireless connection may be seen in Table 1:

Mode Connects with

RS485-MASTER RS485-SLAVES
USB-MASTER RS485-SLAVES
MULTI-MASTER RS485-SLAVES
RS485-SLAVES* RS485-SLAVES
Table 1 – Complementary Modes

* The RS485-Slaves operation mode only begins to offer the option of having children (behaving as a repeater) after having paired with a father that
is already operating on the network. This entire process is done automatically, without any intervention from the operator.

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5. USING THE OPERATION MODES

5.1. WIRELESS SEGMENTS IN ANY POINT OF A MODBUS NETWORK

Division of a wired network in wired segments interconnected by wireless segments. The division occurs far from the Modbus master. It uses the
RS485 port AirGate-Modbus to communicate with the master and the slaves. Additional wireless segments can be inserted. Fig. 5 illustrates this
possible application:

Fig. 5 – Wireless segments in any point of a Modbus network

5.2. WIRELESS SEGMENTS CLOSE TO THE MODBUS MASTER

Division of a wired network in wired segments interconnected by wireless segments. Wireless segments located close to the Modbus master which
communicates by USB port. It allows the AirGate-Modbus using as a USB-RS485 convertor for the first wired segment. Fig. 6 illustrates this
possible application:

Fig. 6 – Wireless segments close to the Modbus master

5.3. WIRELESS SEGMENTS CLOSE TO MULTIPLEXED MODBUS MASTERS

Multiplexing of 2 masters, one connected to the USB interface and another to the RS485. Wireless section located close to the Modbus masters. It
also allows the usage of a single master in any of the two interfaces (USB or RS485). Fig. 6 illustrates this possible application:

Fig. 7 – Wireless segments close to the multiplexed Modbus masters

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6. LONG REACH APPLICATION
In seeking to expand the network and in order to obtain a greater distance, it is possible to assemble a tree shaped topology. As exemplified in Fig. 88,
to expand the network, an AirGate-Modbus configured as a RS485-Slaves (Firmware > 1.23) was inserted with the same PAN ID (5670). In another
segment, two AirGates were assembled using the RS485 interfaces, an AirGate-Modbus operating the RS485-Slaves mode and an AirGate-Modbus
operating in RS485-Master mode. In this segment, a new PAN ID (5671) was created, starting a new star network.

Fig. 8 – Tree topology

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6.1. RESTRICTION
In case there is the need to implement a tree-shaped network, a restriction must be observed. Due to issues imposed by Modbus standard, Modbus
slaves must not be connected between AirGate-Modbus as signed in Fig. 9:

Fig. 9 - Restriction

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7. SOFTWARE SETUP
The DigiConfig application is a Windows® program used for the AirGate-Modbus configuration. For its installation, execute the file
"DigiConfigSetup.exe". When installing the setup software, the USB Serial Port driver of AirGate-Modbus may be automatically installed, as shown
in Fig. 10:

Fig. 10 – Components selection

DigiConfig has a complete help file, with all necessary information for its full usage. To consult the help, start the application and select the Help
menu or press the F1 key.
Consult the website www.novusautomation.com to get DigiConfig installer and the additional manuals.
To configure an AirGate-Modbus, you must execute the Digiconfig, access "Configurations/Communication" in the main screen and edit the
configurations, as shown in Fig. 11:

Fig. 11 – DigiConfig Communication

• Porta Serial = USB Serial Port (COM X);

• Baud Rate = 115200;
• Parity = None;
• Stop Bits = 2 bits;
• Timeout (msec) = 1000.

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8. CONFIGURATION MODE
AirGate-Modbus is configurable through DigiConfig software via USB interface, being necessary to put the device in setup mode. To enter this
mode, simply press the SETUP BUTTON, checking that the Status LED now flashes slowly (approximately once per second). In setup mode, the
device stops behaving as a gateway from a Modbus network and starts to accept the configurations. In the main screen of the DigiConfig software
(Fig. 12), the following configuration must be seen:
• Initial Address = 246

Fig. 12 – DigiConfig main screen

To edit the configurations of the AirGate-Modbus, after clicking the Search button, you must select it in the tree to the left of the main screen.
To quit setup mode, you must press the SETUP BUTTON again and Cancel or Apply a configuration. In this moment, the device is reset and starts
to operate according to the last applied configuration.
.

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9. DETERMINATION AND SELECTION OF THE SERIAL PORT (COM) - WINDOWS

9.1. DETERMINATION
The serial port associated to the AirGate-Modbus is automatically determined by the operational system a few instants after the AirGate-Modbus
connection. The user may easily identify or alter the COM port associated to the AirGate-Modbus accessing the Windows® "Device Manager":
Control Panel / System / Hardware / Device Manager / COM & LPT Ports
It’s also possible to open the "Device Manager" executing the following command: "devmgmt.msc".
After opening the "Device Manager", it's possible to verify which is the Serial Port (COM) associated to the AirGate-Modbus. As it can be seen in
Fig. 13, the AirGate-Modbus is associated to COM7.

Fig. 13 – COM Port Determination

9.2. SELECTION
In case it's necessary to modify the Serial Port (COM) associated to the AirGate-Modbus, select "USB Serial Port (COM X)" where the
AirGate-Modbus is connected. Access "Action/Properties" and, in the "Port Definitions" tab, click Advanced, as shown in Fig. 14. In case this
tab does not appear, the driver was not installed correctly and the DigiConfig software must be reinstalled.
In the "Advanced definitions for COMX" window, change the parameter "COM Port Number" for the desired COM, as shown in Fig. 15. Some serial
ports may be marked as "In Use". Only select one of these ports in case you are sure that it is not being used by another peripheral of your
computer.
In some situations, the serial ports may be marked as in use even when the associated device is not installed anymore in the computer. In this
case, it is safe to associate this port to the AirGate-Modbus.

Fig. 14 - Accessing the COM port advanced configuration

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9.3. IMPORTANT RECOMMENDATION
To improve the communication of the USB interface, it is recommended the configuration of a Latency Timer. This parameter may be modified
accessing "Advanced definitions for COMX" window, as shown in Fig. 14.
Later it's possible to verify, as shown in Fig. 15, the "Latency Timer (ms)", which must be altered to 4.

Fig. 15 - Advanced definitions for COM

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10. CONFIGURATIONS - AIRGATE-MODBUS
10.1. BASICS
10.1.1. PAN ID
Choose a common identifier for each wireless network. All of the AirGate-Modbus devices from a same network must be configured with the same
PAN ID.
10.1.2. MODBUS ADDRESS
The Modbus address must be preconfigured on each device so that it is able to communicate with it on the network. In configuration mode,
AirGate-Modbus always takes the default address 246, Baud Rate 115200, Parity None, 2 Stop Bits. However, in operation mode, each AirGate-
Modbus in the network can be accessed and configured by its previously configured address in register 32. By default, all AirGates are shipped
with Modbus address 248 (an invalid address for the Modbus protocol). This prevents if the user forgets to configure the Modbus address of the
gateway in advance, it does not conflict with another device on the network.
10.1.3. BAUD RATE
For each interface, select the Baud Rate used by the Modbus network. All of the devices from the network must be configured with the same Baud
Rate.
10.1.4. PARITY
For each interface, select the Parity/Stop Bits used by the Modbus network. All of the network devices must be configured with the same
Parity/Stop Bits.
10.1.5. TIMEOUT
Timeout (in milliseconds) for the receipt of response bytes to the command sent to the slave station. Calculated automatically by the software,
according to the select Baud Rate.
For RS485-Master, RS485-Slaves and USB-Master operation modes, this parameter is only shown in the screen to help the setup of the network
master's Timeout, which must have its Timeout time configured with at least the Timeout shown in DigiConfig screen.
For Multi-Master operation mode, this parameter is used by the AirGate-Modbus and may have its Timeout altered by the DigiConfig according
to what is explained in the section "MULTI-MASTER" of the "Erro! Fonte de referência não encontrada.S" chapter. Noting that, in this case, the
Timeout configured in each network master must be at least double the time configured for AirGate-Modbus.
10.1.6. OPERATION MODES
According to the desired functionality, the AirGate-Modbus can be configured with different operation modes. These are distinguished altering the
functions of the communication interfaces, as explained in the "Erro! Fonte de referência não encontrada." chapter. When selecting an operation
mode in DigiConfig, a figure containing a topology example will help in its setup.

10.2. ADVANCED
10.2.1. INTERFRAME TIME
The maximum time allowed (in microseconds) between the receipt of two bytes from a same package. This time is calculated automatically by
DigiConfig software. It must only be modified it any of the network slaves show a high communication error rate.
The Minimum Time and Maximum Time values are shown in DigiConfig and range according to the lowest Baud Rate selected for the interfaces
in the "Basic Configurations Guide". When clicking the Auto button, the text box will be available for altering of the "Interframe Time", which must
obligatorily be within the band.
10.2.2. RF POWER
Alters the transmission value of the AirGate-Modbus. Valid values from 0 to 20 dBm.
10.2.3. SECURITY
The encryption of the packages may be enabled by selecting the "Enable Security" box. In case you wish to modify the security key, simply click
Change Security Key and type a new key in the field "Type the key here".

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10.3. FIRMWARE UPDATE
This DigiConfig tab is used for the AirGate-Modbus firmware update.
The following steps must be followed:
1. Locate the "Firmware" tab under "Device Configuration".
2. Select "Enable Firmware Update".
3. Click the Open button and search the new firmware file (".cbin").
4. Click the Apply button.
5. Wait the firmware update process conclusion. The DigiConfig will show a text box with the information AirGate-Modbus firmware recording
performed successfully. Click the OK button.
6. The DigiConfig will turn back to the initial screen and the AirGate-Modbus Status LED will start to flash rapidly.

During the AirGate-Modbus firmware update process, there must not have any interruption. In case
there is power outage, disconnection of the USB cable or interruption of the DigiConfig software during
the process, the AirGate-Modbus will probably cease operating normally and must be forwarded to the
technical support of the supplier.

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11. DATA COMMUNICATION - SERIAL
AirGate-Modbus possesses two communication interfaces:
• RS485, acting as communication interface with Modbus RTU protocol;
• USB device, acting with the communication interface of Modbus RTU protocol.

11.1. RS485 AND USB INTERFACES

The RS485 and USB interfaces may be configured to operate in the following speeds (Baud Rates): 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600
and 115200. Besides that, it may be configured to operate with one or two Stop Bit, and in the parities even, uneven and none.
More details about the implementation of a Modbus devices network via RS485 can be found in the document "Basic RS485 and RS422
Concepts", available in the website www.novusautomation.com. The Table 2 helps the connection of the RS485 communication interface
connectors.

Bidirectional data line. Terminals 1 and 4

Inverted bidirectional data line. Terminals 2 and 5

Optional connection which improves the communication performance. Terminals 3 and 6

Table 2 - RS485 Connections

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12. DATA COMMUNICATION (WIRELESS)
The AirGate-Modbus has an IEEE 802.15.4 Wireless communication interface to connect to the other NOVUS devices that uses the same
communication interface.
As of firmware version V1.23, the AirGate-Modbus allows not only communication with other AirGates, as described in the chapters "OPERATION
MODES" and "USING THE OPERATION MODES", but also the option to communicate the RHT-Air devices units, which are wireless transmitters
of temperature, humidity and dew point.
Each AirGate-Modbus can support the connection of 8 AirGate-Modbus devices units and 35 RHT-Air devices units. Each of these 8
AirGate-Modbus devices units allows the connection of over 8 AirGates and 35 RHT-Air up to the limit of 4 levels of depth, as shown in
Fig. 16. This network topology is formed automatically at the moment the network begins. One only needs to configure at least one
AirGate-Modbus as a Multi-Master operation mode, USB-Master or RS485-Master and the other devices: (i) AirGate-Modbus, with the
RS485-Slaves operation mode; and (ii) RHT-Air, all with the same PAN ID. After the configuration, the devices units will automatically be
paired based on the best communication link (LQI) that is found.
For a correct functioning of the wireless communication network, it is important for all devices to have the same firmware version. If you have
AirGate-Modbus device with a firmware version below V1.23 and wish to use the new functionalities available in this version, such as a tree
network topology that is totally wireless, or operation with RHT-Air device, you only have to update the firmware of all the devices or use a
AirGate-Modbus with the new version of the firmware operating - such as RS485-Master - in another PAN ID, connected to interface RS485 in
one of the AirGates operating as RS485-Slaves of the first PAN ID, as shown in the "LONG REACH APPLICATION" chapter.

Fig. 16 – Totally wireless tree network topology with AirGate-Modbus and RHT-Air devices

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13. MODBUS COMMANDS
As of the V1.23 firmware version, the AirGate-Modbus begins to respond to Modbus commands that are forwarded to your Modbus address,
operating as a network slave. Commands forwarded to other slaves will be sent transparently.
The Modbus RTU commands (functions) are implemented and listed below and they are interpreted by AirGate-Modbus. For more information
about each command and the Modbus protocol in general, access the site www.modbus.org.

13.1. READ HOLDING REGISTERS – 0X03

This command can be used to read the value of one or up to the maximum amount of consecutive holding registers, as shown in the Holding
Registers Table.

13.2. WRITE HOLDING REGISTERS – 0X06

This command can be used to write in a holding register, as shown in the Holding Registers Table.

13.3. DESCRIPTION OF SOME REGISTERS

13.1. REGISTER 35 – OPERATION CHANNEL
Shows the operation channel that the device is operating on the network. It can vary from 11 to 25, where each channel is equivalent to an
operation frequency. Among these 15 possible channels, the network operates on the channel that has the lowest interference.

CHANNEL OPERATION FREQUENCY

11 2405 MHz
12 2410 MHz
13 2415 MHz
14 2420 MHz
15 2425 MHz
16 2430 MHz
17 2435 MHz
18 2440 MHz
19 2445 MHz
20 2450 MHz
21 2455 MHz
22 2460 MHz
23 2465 MHz
24 2470 MHz
25 2475 MHz
Table 3 – Operation Channels

13.2. REGISTER 36 – LINK QUALITY INDICATOR RX FATHER

States the quality of the reception link of the connection between the device and the AirGate-Modbus father with which it is paired. This value is
obtained when measuring the power of the last packet received. This power is measured in dBm, which is a logarithmic measurement of power in
mW.
The LQI can vary between -100dBm (worst reception quality) to -15 dBm (best reception quality).
13.3. REGISTER 39 – LINK QUALITY INDICATOR RX CHILD
States the quality of the reception link of the connection between the AirGate-Modbus child whose Modbus address was filled-out in the
ADDR_FILHO register. This value is obtained when measuring the strength of the last packet received. This power is measured in dBm, which is a
logarithmic measurement of power in mW.
The LQI can vary between -100dBm (worst reception quality) to -15 dBm (best reception quality).

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13.4. LINK QUALITY INDICATOR
To evaluate if the device was installed in an appropriate manner, it is recommended to verify the quality of the connection between each of the
AirGate-Modbus and RHT-Air device units. This verification should be made by an analysis of registers 36 and 39, while the network is operating.
To make this analysis, it is possible to use the "Diagnostic" tab of the DigiConfig that states the network typology and the quality of the link
between each of the wireless connections in an intuitive fashion.
For device operating in ideal conditions, where there are no obstacles and no type of electromagnetic interference, the LQI will behave similarly to
the contents of the graph shown in Fig. 17, where a comparison between different levels of power for the Distance versus LQI ratio is made.

Fig. 17 – Ratio between Distance and LQI for several power levels

Table 4 lists the values obtained in the LQI reading with an evaluation of the signal quality. This same information can be seen in a more intuitive
fashion on the "Diagnostic" tab of the DigiConfig software.

REGISTER VALUE QUALITY ICON

0 Device connected
via USB

-15 to -60 Great

-60 to -70 Very Good

-70 to -80 Good

-80 to -90 Average

-90 to -100 Poor

Table 4 – Relation between LQI and Signal Quality

NOTE: The model described graphically considers only the means of propagation. The LQI may vary due to various factors, such as peripheral
obstacles such as trees, buildings, hills that interfere in the midst of the propagation, as explained by the Fresnel Zone phenomenon.

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14. HOLDING REGISTERS TABLE
Below is the table of retentive registers supported by the device:
ADDRES DESCRIPTION MINIMUM MAXIMUM R/W
Used by the configuration software to place the device in firmware update mode.
The device only accepts writing in this register if it is in configuration mode. 0 – Standard mode
0 R/W
If 1 is written on the register outside the configuration software, the only way to 1 – Enters in Bootloader mode
return to the operation mode is turning off and turning back on the device.
Used by the configuration software to place all the registers, minus the protected
0 – Standard mode
ones, in compliance with the factory standards.
1 1 – Places all the registers in R/W
After written in this register it saves the configurations on the flash memory. Only
default mode
available in configuration mode.
Used by the configuration software to restart the device. If it is in configuration
0 – Standard mode
2 mode, it returns to operation mode. If not, then it restarts. R/W
1 – Resets the device
Some configurations will only be applied after the device restarts.
Used by the configuration software to save all the configurations on the device's
0 – Standard mode
flash memory.
3 1 – Saves the configurations R/W
If this register is not activated, the configurations made are saved on the flash
on the flash memory
memory and, when the device restarts, it returns to the previous configurations.
Shows if the device is a coordinator of the IEEE 802.15.4 network. Remember 1 – It is the Coordinator
4 R
that there can only be one coordinator per PAN ID. 0 – It is a Router
0 – RS485-Master
Used to configure the device in one of the 4 operation modes. The operation 1 – RS485-Slaves
5 modes operate as described in the chapter "Erro! Fonte de referência não R/W
encontrada.". 2 – USB-Master
3 – Multi-Master
6 Configured the least significant PAN ID byte. 0 255 R/W
7 Configured the least significant PAN ID byte. 0 255 R/W
Enables and disables the device when verifying the CRC of the package every
time it receives packages in the RS485 or USB interface. 0 – Disabled
8 R/W
If enabled and the CRC is not correct, the packet is not forwarded to the rest of 1 – Enabled
the network.
Enables on inhibits the use of cryptography in wireless communication.
0 – Disabled
9 When enabled, all the devices of a single PAN ID should have their cryptography R/W
1 – Enabled
enabled and use the same SECURITY_KEY.
1st byte of the SECURITY_KEY.
10 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 1 R/W
the same value in this register.
2nd byte of the SECURITY_KEY.
11 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
3rd byte of the SECURITY_KEY.
12 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
4th byte of the SECURITY_KEY.
13 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
5th byte of the SECURITY KEY.
14 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
6th byte of the SECURITY_KEY.
15 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
7th byte of the SECURITY_KEY.
16 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
8th byte of the SECURITY_KEY.
17 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
9th byte of the SECURITY_KEY.
18 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.

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 10th byte of the SECURITY_KEY.
19 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
11th byte of the SECURITY_KEY.
20 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
12th byte of the SECURITY KEY.
21 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
13th byte of the SECURITY KEY.
22 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
14th byte of the SECURITY_KEY.
23 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
15th byte of the SECURITY_KEY.
24 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
16th byte of the SECURITY_KEY.
25 When the cryptography is enabled, all of the devices of a single PAN ID should have 0 255 R/W
the same value in this register.
0 – Baud Rate 1200
1 – Baud Rate 2400
2 – Baud Rate 4800
Configures which Baud Rate will be used in the operation mode in the device 3 – Baud Rate 9600
26 USB interface. In configuration mode, as described in chapter "SOFTWARE R/W
SETUP", the device always uses Baud Rate 115200. 4 – Baud Rate 19200
5 – Baud Rate 38400
6 – Baud Rate 57600
7 – Baud Rate 115200
0 – Baud Rate 1200
1 – Baud Rate 2400
2 – Baud Rate 4800
Configures which Baud Rate will be used in the operation mode in the device 3 – Baud Rate 9600
27 R/W
RS485 interface. 4 – Baud Rate 19200
5 – Baud Rate 38400
6 – Baud Rate 57600
7 – Baud Rate 115200
0 – Parity None, Stop Bits 1
Configures the parity and how many Stops Bits will be used in the operation 1 – Parity None, Stop Bits 2
28 mode in the device USB interface. In configuration mode, as described in chapter R/W
"SOFTWARE SETUP", the device always uses ParityNone_StopBits2. 2 – Parity Even, Stop Bits 1
3 – Parity Odd, Stop Bits 1
Configures the parity and how many Stops Bits will be used in the operation
mode in the device RS485 interface. 0 – Parity None, Stop Bits 1
To facilitate connectivity with devices from different manufacturers, when 1 – Parity None, Stop Bits 2
29 configured with ParityNone_StopBits1 or ParityNone_StopBits2, the device R/W
2 – Parity Even, Stop Bits 1
always transmits using 2 Stop Bits and receives with 1 Stop Bit. This allows for
communication with devices with both configurations, but this feature is only 3 – Parity Odd, Stop Bits 1
available with the RS485 interface.
Interframe is the time used to characterize the fact that 2 bytes are part of the
same Modbus frame (packet). When two bytes are spaced in less time than the
time configured in this register, they are part of the same packet. When this time
is exceeded, the frame is considered to be finished.
30 In this register, the Interframe Modbus for USB is configured. When configured with 1749 40000 R/W
1749, it automatically takes on the values according to the Baud Rate in compliance
with the Modbus protocol. If the network master connected to the USB interface has
a high rate of errors, it is possible that it is not following the Modbus rule. In this
case, increasing the value of the register may solve the problem.

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 Interframe is the time used to characterize the fact that 2 bytes are part of the
same Modbus frame (packet). When two bytes are spaced in less time than the
time configured in this register, they are part of the same packet. When this time
is exceeded, the frame is considered to be finished.
31 In this register, the Interframe Modbus for USB is configured. When configured with 1749 40000 R/W
1749, it automatically takes on the values according to the Baud Rate in compliance
with the Modbus protocol. If a master or slave connected to the RS485 interface has
a high rate of errors, it is possible that it is not following the Modbus rule. In this
case, increasing the value of the register may solve the problem.
As explained in the chapter "CONFIGURATIONS – AIRGATE-MODBUS", this
register is used to configure the Modbus address, i.e., the address that identifies the
device on the network. As a standard, since it is a gateway and to not conflict with
other network devices, all of the AirGate-Modbus leave the factory with the address
32 248. 1 254 R/W
When in configuration mode, as explained in the "CONFIGURATION MODE"
chapter, the device always answers for the Modbus 246 address using the USB
interface.
When operating in Multi-Master mode, as explained in the "MULT-MASTER"
section, the gateway uses the Multiplexer function that needs a Timeout to
33 release the interface in case the response does not return to one of the masters. 300 65535 R/W
The Timeout is configured in this register. This is the maximum amount of wait
time for a response from a slave.
0 – 0 dBm
1 – 2 dBm
2 – 4 dBm
3 – 6 dBm
Used to configure the transmission power of the wireless interface. The larger the
34 4 – 8 dBm R/W
configured value, the greater the reach.
5 – 10 dBm
6 – 12 dBm
7 – 14 dBm
8 – 20 dBm
Indicates the operation channel which can vary from 11 to 25.
35 According to ANATEL guidelines, the device can operate in the frequencies of 11 25 R
channels 11 to 25 for power levels of up to 20 dBm.
LQI RX Father Register.
Lists the LQI RX Father, i.e., the quality of the reception link to the network father.
The LQI Rx is a power measurement of the last packet received by the father. -100
36 This amount is measured in dBm and varies between -100dBm (worst reception -15 R
quality) to -15 dBm (best reception quality).
This register has a value of 0 when the device is in configuration mode or is the
network coordinator (that does not have a father).
Indicates the number of children (AirGates in operation mode RS485-Slaves +
37 0 43 R
RHTs-Air) that the device has.
ADDR_FILHO register.
This register is used to request the AirGate-Modbus information about its
children.
This register should include the Modbus address of the child that requires the
38 information contained in the registers 39 to 48. 0 255 R/W
The information will only be filled out is the Modbus address corresponds to a
device that is in a branch below the one the father belongs to.
If the Modbus address does not belong to a direct child, the information will
correspond to the child in route to the destination.
LQI RX Child Register.
States the LQI RX Child, i.e., the LQI of the last packet received by the AirGate
39 of the child in route to ADDR_FILHO. If ADDR_FILHO is of a child, the LQI -100 -15 R
corresponds to it; otherwise, the LQI corresponds to the child of Short Mac
ROTA_FILHO_SHORT_MAC_0 ROTA_FILHO_SHORT_MAC_1.
States the number of packets requested to the child with the address ADDR_FILHO
40 0 65535 R
as long as AirGate has started until reaching the limit of the register.
States the number of packets answered by the child with the address ADDR_FILHO
41 65535 R
as long as AirGate has started until reaching the limit of the register.
Lists the error rate in % * 100.
42 0 10000 R
To obtain the error rate in %, divide the register value by 100.
States the size of the last requested packet to the child with the address
43 0 4096 R
ADDR_FILHO.
NOVUS AUTOMATION 22/28
 States the size of the last requested answered by the child with the address
44 0 4096 R
ADDR_FILHO.
States the throughput of the last transaction that occurred with the slave of address
ADDR_FILHO considering the time from the first byte received by the master's
45 request interface until the last byte transmitted from the child's response to the 0 65530 R
master's interface and the size of the request and response packets.
Information available in Bytes/Second.
States the response time of the last transaction that occurred with the slave of
address ADDR_FILHO considering the last byte received by the master's
46 requisition interface until the first byte transmitted from the slave’s response 0 65535 R
packet to the master's interface.
Information available in milliseconds.
Register ROTA_FILHO_SHORT_MAC_0.
47 First byte of the Short Mac of the AirGate-Modbus route to the child with Modbus 0 255 R
address ADDR_FILHO.
Register ROTA_FILHO_SHORT_MAC_1.
48 First byte of the Short Mac of the AirGate-Modbus route to the child with Modbus 0 255 R
address ADDR_FILHO.
Noise in channel 11 (Frequency: 2405 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
49 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Noise in channel 12 (Frequency: 2410 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
50 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Noise in channel 13 (Frequency: 2415 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
51 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Noise in channel 14 (Frequency: 2420 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
52 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Noise in channel 15 (Frequency: 2425 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
53 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Noise in channel 16 (Frequency: 2430 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
54 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Noise in channel 17 (Frequency: 2435 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
55 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Noise in channel 18 (Frequency: 2440 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
56 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Noise in channel 19 (Frequency: 2445 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
57 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Noise in channel 20 (Frequency: 2450 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
58 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Noise in channel 21 (Frequency: 2455 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
59 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).

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 Noise in channel 22 (Frequency: 2460 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
60 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Noise in channel 23 (Frequency: 2465 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
61 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Noise in channel 24 (Frequency: 2470 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
62 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Noise in channel 25 (Frequency: 2475 MHz, band: 2 MHz) obtained when starting
the network.
63 -100 -15 R
The noise is measured with the power of the noise level of the channel measures
in dBm and can vary from -100 dBm (clean channel) to -15 dBm (dirty channel).
Used so the user can identify the device.
64 0 65535 R/W
Each byte corresponds to an ASCII character.
Used so the user can identify the device.
65 0 65535 R/W
Each byte corresponds to an ASCII character.
Used so the user can identify the device.
66 0 65535 R/W
Each byte corresponds to an ASCII character.
Used so the user can identify the device.
67 0 65535 R/W
Each byte corresponds to an ASCII character.
Used so the user can identify the device.
68 0 R/W
Each byte corresponds to an ASCII character. 65535
From here on out are the protected registers.
1000 Reserved 0 1 R
1001 Long MAC address 0 0 255 R
1002 Long MAC address 1 0 255 R
1003 Long MAC address 2 0 255 R
1004 Long MAC address 3 0 255 R
1005 Long MAC address 4 0 255 R
1006 Long MAC address 5 0 255 R
1007 Long MAC address 6 0 255 R
1008 Long MAC address 7 0 255 R
1009 Short MAC address 0 0 255 R
1010 Short MAC address 1 0 255 R
Baud Rate of the configuration mode.
1011 7 7 R
Standard: 115200.
Parity/Stop Bots of configuration mode.
1012 1 1 R
Standard: None/2 Stop Bits.
Interval for association retries.
1013 1 60 R
Standard: 1 second.
1014 Maximum number of packet loss before the device quits and restarts. 5 5 R
1015 Reserved 0 0 R
1016 Interval between Polls when there is no ack from father to child. 6000 6000 R
1017 Maximum wait time for a wireless fragment packet. 30 30 R
1018 Version of MAC layer of the device. 214 214 R
1019 Serial number (word high) 0 65535 R
1020 Serial number (word low) 0 65535 R
1021 Device code 102 102 R
1022 Device firmware version 0 65535 R
Table 5 – Holding Registers Table

NOVUS AUTOMATION 24/28

15. ACCESSORIES
Extension Cable: With 2.5 meters and a magnetic base, the extension cable allows a better positioning of the AirGate-Modbus antenna. On its
ends there are RP-SMA Male connectors for connection with AirGate-Modbus and RP-SMA Female for connection with the antenna. There is no
need to buy a new antenna because the one from AirGate may be used.
The antenna extender cable has an IP40 protection rating and operates in the same device temperature range (-10 °C to 70 °C).

Fig. 18 - Magnetic base with cable

NOVUS AUTOMATION 25/28

16. SPECIFICATIONS
Temperature: -10 °C to 70 °C.
Operating Conditions
Humidity: 5 % to 90 % relative humidity non-condensing

10 Vcc to 30 Vcc.
Power
Max. consumption: 70 mA (in 24 V).

Modbus RTU over wireless IEEE 802.15.4 protocol – Operation Band ISM 2.4 GHz.
4 operation modes:
• RS485-Master;
Communication
• RS485-Slaves;
• USB-Master;
• Multi-Master.
• USB device (micro-B);
• RP-SMA female connector for antenna;
Connections
• 1 connector for power supply;
• 2 connectors for one RS485 Modbus RTU.
• Maximum transmission power: 100 mW (20 dBm);
• Maximum range: 1000 meters in open field with a view;
• Wireless transmission rate: 250 Kbps;
• Baud Rate serial: 1.2 to 115.2 Kbps;
• Receiver sensitivity: – 100 dBm;
Communication Features • DSSS Technology (Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum);
• OQPSK Modulation (Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying);
• Peer-to-peer network topologies, star or tree;
• 15 channels operation;
• Network identifier (PAN ID);
• Data encryption AES-CBC-128 (Advanced Encryption Standard).
0.1 to 3 mm² (28 to 12 AWG).
Wire Gauge for Connections
Recommended torque: 0,4 Nm.
Each AirGate-Modbus can support the connection of 8 AirGate-Modbus devices units and
35 RHT-Air devices units. Each of these 8 AirGate-Modbus devices units allows the
Number of Devices Supported
connection of over 8 AirGates and 35 RHT-Air up to the limit of 4 levels of depth, as shown
in Fig. 16.
Housing PA66 housing for DIN rail mounting.
Protection Class IP20
99.5 x 114 x 17.5 mm + Antenna: 105 mm.
Dimensions
Approx. weight: 110 g.
Software Configuration DigiConfig – Configuration software for Windows®
Electromagnetic Compatibility EN61000-4-2, EN61000-4-3, EN61000-4-4, EN61000-4-5, EN61000-4-6, CISPR11
Certifications CE, FCC, ANATEL (01818-11-07089)
Table 6 - Specifications

Internal protection against reverse polarity of the supply voltage.

16.1. CERTIFICATIONS

FCC
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits
are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This
equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may
cause harmful interference to radio communications.
Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this
equipment.
RF Exposure: A distance of 20 cm shall be maintained between the antenna and users, and the transmitter module may not be co-located with any
other transmitter or antenna.

CE Mark
This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment, this product may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take
adequate measures.

NOVUS AUTOMATION 26/28

ANATEL
This device does not provide protection against harmful interference, and may not cause interference in a properly authorized system.
For more information, see ANATEL's website: www.anatel.gov.br.

NOVUS AUTOMATION 27/28

17. WARRANTY
Warranty conditions are available on our website www.novusautomation.com/warranty.

NOVUS AUTOMATION 28/28