AMOUNT CONVERSIONS
Ounces to Pounds Ounces ÷ 16 = Pounds
Fluid Ounces ÷ 128 = Gallons
DISTANCE CONVERSIONS
Yards X 3 = Feet
Meters X 3.28 = Feet
SURFACE AREAS
Rectangle = Length X Width = Square Feet
Circle = 3.14 X Radius X Radius = Sq. Feet
(RADIUS = diameter ÷ 2)
POOL VOLUME
Rectangle = Length x Width X Average Depth X 7.5 = Gal.
Circle = 3.14 X Radius X Radius X Avg. Depth X 7.5 = Gal.
(AVERAGE DEPTH = (shallow + deep) ÷ 2)
TURNOVER RATE
Pool Volume ÷ Flow Rate ÷ 60 = Turnover Rate in hours
Spa Volume ÷ Flow Rate (in minutes) = Turnover Rate in minutes
FLOW RATE
Pool Volume ÷ Turnover Rate ÷ 60 = Gallons/Minute (gpm)
Spa Volume ÷ Turnover Rate (in minutes) = Gallons/Minute (gpm)
FILTER SURFACE AREA
Flow Rate ÷ Filtering Rate = Square Feet
HEATER SIZING
Pool Volume x 8.33 x Temperature Adjustment = BTU
CHEMICAL DOSE CHART
DOSAGES REQUIRED TO CHEMICALLY TREAT 10,000 GALLONS OF WATER (box # 3)
USE WITH WHITE "CHEMICAL ADJUSTMENT" SHEET
FUNCTION/CHEMICAL AMOUNT NEEDED CHANGE IT
MAKES
(put in box #1) (put in box #5)
Increase Free Available Chlorine
Chlorine Gas (gas) 1.3 ounces 1 PPM
Calcium Hypochlorite (tablets, granules) 2.0 ounces 1 PPM
Sodium Hypochlorite (liquid) 10.7 fluid ounces 1 PPM
Lithium Hypochlorite (sticks, granular) 3.8 ounces 1 PPM
Trichlor (tablets, sticks, granular) 1.5 ounces 1 PPM
Dichlor (tablets, sticks, granular) 2.4 ounces 1 PPM
Neutralize Free Available Chlorine
Sodium Thiosulfate 2.6 ounces 1 PPM
Sodium Sulfite 2.4 ounces 1 PPM
Increase Total Alkalinity
Sodium Bicarbonate (Baking Soda) 1.4 pounds 10 PPM
Sodium Carbonate 14 ounces 10 PPM
Sodium Sesquicarbonate 1.25 pounds 10 PPM
Decrease Total Alkalinity
Muriatic Acid (31.4%) 26 fluid ounces 10 PPM
Sodium Bisulfate (Dry Acid) 2.1 pounds 10 PPM
Increase pH
Sodium Carbonate (Soda Ash) 6 ounces 0.2 PPM
(also raises Total Alkalinity 5 ppm)
Sodium Hydroxide 50% (Caustic Soda) 5.5 fluid ounces 0.2 PPM
Decrease pH
Muriatic Acid 12 fluid ounces 0.2 PPM
(also lowers Total Alkalinity 5 ppm)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) 1.0 pound 0.2 PPM
(also raises Total Alkalinity 5 ppm)
Increase Calcium Hardness
Calcium Chloride (100%) .9 pound 10 PPM
Calcium Chloride (77%) 1.2 pounds 10 PPM
Increase Stabilizer
Cyanuric Acid 13 oz 10 PPM
Langelier Saturation Index
Formula: SI = pH + Tf + Cf + Af - TDSf
Use the Table below to find the Saturation Index:
Temperature. Calcium Hardness. Total Carbonate
(expressed in CaCO3) Alkalinity
Farenheit Tf ppm CF ppm Af
32 0.0 25 1.0 25 1.4
37 0.1 50 1.3 50 1.7
46 0.2 75 1.5 75 1.9
53 0.3 100 1.6 100 2.0
60 0.4 125 1.7 125 2.1
66 0.5 150 1.8 150 2.2
76 0.6 200 1.9 200 2.3
84 0.7 250 2.0 250 2.4
94 0.8 300 2.1 300 2.5
105 0.9 400 2.2 400 2.6
800 2.3 800 2.9
TDS Factors
Less than 1,000 ppm
1,000 ppm or greater
12.1 12.2
Use the Saturation Worksheet to help find the Answer:
Value Factor New Value Factor
pH
Temperature
Calcium Hardness
Carbonate Alkalinity
Sub-Total
Total Dissolved Solids
Saturation Index
Langelier Saturation Index Worksheet:
Value Factor New Value Factor
pH
Temperature
Calcium Hardness
Carbonate Alkalinity
Sub-Total
Total Dissolved Solids
Saturation Index
Value Factor New Value Factor
pH
Temperature
Calcium Hardness
Carbonate Alkalinity
Sub-Total
Total Dissolved Solids
Saturation Index
Value Factor New Value Factor
pH
Temperature
Calcium Hardness
Carbonate Alkalinity
Sub-Total
Total Dissolved Solids
Saturation Index
Chemical Adjustment Work Sheet:
Use this to find the amount of chemical needed to adjust the chemicals in the pool
Chemical Amount from
Chemical Dose Sheet
Pool Volume Chemical Change Total
Box #2 Box #3
Box # 4 Box #5
10,000 gallons ppm
(from Chemical Dose Sheet) box
Box #1
X X =
Result may need conversion
Chemical Amount from
Chemical Dose Sheet
Pool Volume Chemical Change Total
Box #2 Box #3
Box # 4 Box #5
10,000 gallons ppm
(from Chemical Dose Sheet) box
Box #1
X X =
Result may need conversion
Break Point Chlorination Steps:
Step 1: Total Chlorine - Free Chlorine = Combined Chlorine Combined Chlorine
Step 2: Combined Chlorine X 10 = CAC answer
Step 3: CAC answer – Free Chlorine = Adjustment (Use Chemical Adjustment sheet)
Chemical Amount from
Chemical Dose Sheet
Pool Volume Chemical Change Total
Box #2 Box #3
Box # 4 Box #5
10,000 gallons ppm
(from Chemical Dose Sheet) box
Box #1
X X =
Result may need conversion
Increase Free Available Chlorine. 1ppm
Chlorine Gas 1.3 ounces
Calcium Hypochlorite 67% 2.0 ounces
Calcium Hypochlorite 75% 1.75 ounces
Sodium Hypochlorite 12% (bleach) 10.7 fluid ounces
Water Guidelines for Pool Commonly Accepted Parameters:
1.0 2.0 – 4.0 5.0 Pools, Waterparks
Free Chlorine (ppm or mg/L)
2.0 3.0 – 5.0 10.0 Spas
Combined Chlorine 0 0 0.4 Pools, Waterparks
(ppm or mg/L) 0 0 0.5 Spas
Total Bromine (ppm or mg/L) 2.0 4.0 – 6.0 10.0 All Types
PHMB
30 30 – 50 50 All Types
(ppm or mg/L)
pH 7.2 7.4 – 7.6 7.8 All Types
Total Alkalinity as CaCO3
60 80 – 100* 100 – 120** 180 All Types
(ppm or mg/L)
Total Dissolved Solids
NA NA 1500 over start-up All Types
(ppm or mg/L)
Calcium Hardness as CaCO3 150 200 – 400 1,000 Pools, Waterparks
(ppm or mg/L) 100 150 – 250 800 Spas
Heavy Metals None None None All Types
Visible Algae None None None All Types
Bacteria None None Local Code All Types
Cyanuric Acid (ppm or mg/L) **** 30 – 50 **** All Types
78°F (25.5°C) 80.5°F (26.9°C) 82°F (27.8°C) Competition Pools
Temperature °F/°C – – 104°F Spas
– Personal Preference 104°F Other Pools
Ozone
– – 0.1 over 8-hr. time wtd. avg. All Types
(ppm or mg/L)
ORP Calibrate to Disinfectant Level***** All Types
NOTE: Always read the Product label and use their guidelines for adjustments.
