VIET NAM

Asian Development Bank (ADB)

Key Indicators for Asia and the Pacific 2024
https://kidb.adb.org
2000 2001
POPULATION
Total population as of 1 July (million) 77.63 78.62
Population density (persons/km²) 236 239
Population (% annual change) 1.4 1.3
Urban population (% of total population) 24.1 24.5

LABOR FORCEa as of 1 July (million) 38.5 39.6

Employedb 37.6 38.6
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing 24.5 24.5
Mining and quarrying
Manufacturingc 3.9 4.3
Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply; water supply;
sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities
Construction 1.0 1.3
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 3.9 4.1
Transportation and storaged 1.2 1.2
Accommodation and food service activities 0.7 0.7
Information and communicationd … …
Financial and insurance activities … …
Real estate activities … …
Others 2.4 2.6
Underemployed … …
Unemployed 0.9 1.0
Unemployment ratee (%) 2.3 2.5
Labor forcea (% annual change) 2.2 2.8
Labor force participation rate (%) … …
Male … …
Female … …

NATIONAL ACCOUNTSf calendar year (D billion)

At Current Prices
GDP by industrial origin at current market prices 441,646 481,295
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing (nông nghiệp) 108,356 111,858
Mining and quarrying 42,606 44,345
Manufacturing 81,979 95,211
Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply g 13,993 16,028
Water supply; sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities
Construction 23,642 27,931
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 62,836 67,788
Transportation and storageh 17,341 19,431
Accommodation and food service activities 14,343 15,412

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 Information and communicationh
Financial and insurance activities 8,148 8,762
Real estate activities 19,173 21,589
Professional, scientific, and technical activitiesi
Administrative and support service activities i
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security j 37,809 40,891
Education
Human health and social work activities
Arts, entertainment, and recreation
Other service activitiesk 11,420 12,049
Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and
services-producing activities of households for own use … …
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies … …
Less: Financial intermediation services indirectly measured … …
Gross value added at basic prices … …
Plus: Taxes less subsidies on production and imports … …
Net factor income from abroad (6,327) (6,440)
GNI 435,319 474,855

Structure of Output (% of GDP at current market prices)

Agriculture 24.5 23.2
Industry 36.7 38.1
Services 38.7 38.6

Expenditure on GDP at current market prices 441,646 481,295

Final consumption expenditure 321,853 342,607
Household final consumption 293,507 312,144
NPISHs final consumption … …
Government final consumption 28,346 30,463
Gross capital formation 130,771 150,033
Gross fixed capital formation 122,101 140,301
Public … …
Private … …
Changes in inventories 8,670 9,732
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables … …
Exports of goods and services 243,049 262,846
Exports of goods … …
Exports of services … …
Less: Imports of goods and services 253,927 273,828
Imports of goods … …
Imports of services … …
Statistical discrepancy (100) (363)
GDP theo thu nhập 441,746 481,658
C 66% 65%
I 30% 31%
G 6% 6%

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
X
M
Structure of Demand (% of GDP at current market prices)
Household final consumption 66.5 64.9
Government final consumption 6.4 6.3
Gross capital formation 29.6 31.2
Changes in inventories 2.0 2.0
Exports of goods and services 55.0 54.6
Imports of goods and services 57.5 56.9
Statistical discrepancy -0.0 -0.1

At Constant Pricesl 2736+C100:U1

GDP by industrial origin at 1994 | 2010 market prices 0266 292,535
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing 63,717 65,618
Mining and quarrying 18,430 19,185
Manufacturing 51,492 57,335
Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply g
6,337 7,173
Water supply; sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities
Construction 20,654 23,293
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 44,644 47,779
Transportation and storage h
10,729 11,441
Accommodation and food service activities 8,863 9,458
Information and communicationh
Financial and insurance activities 5,650 6,005
Real estate activities 12,231 12,631
Professional, scientific, and technical activities i

Administrative and support service activities i

Public administration and defense; compulsory social security j 24,301 25,674
Education
Human health and social work activities
Arts, entertainment, and recreation
Other service activitiesk 6,618 6,943
Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and
services-producing activities of households for own use … …
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies … …
Less: Financial intermediation services indirectly measured … …
Gross value added at basic prices … …
Plus: Taxes less subsidies on production and imports … …
Net factor income from abroad … …
GNI … …

Growth of Output (% annual change)

GDP 6.8 6.9
Agriculture 4.6 3.0
Industry 10.1 10.4
Services 5.3 6.1

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
Expenditure on GDP at 1994 | 2010 market prices 273,666 292,535
Final consumption expenditure 200,665 210,027
Household final consumption 182,420 190,577
Government final consumption 18,245 19,450
Gross capital formation 83,496 92,487
Gross fixed capital formation 78,552 86,972
Public … …
Private … …
Changes in inventories 4,944 5,515
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables … …
Exports of goods and servicesm (10,085) 165,292
Exports of goods …
Exports of services …
Less: Imports of goods and services 176,987
Imports of goods …
Imports of services …
Statistical discrepancy (410) 1,716

GDP theo thu nhập 274,076 290,819

6.11%
Growth of Demand (% annual change)
Household final consumption 3.1 4.5
Government final consumption 5.0 6.6
Gross capital formation 10.1 10.8
Exports of goods and servicesm … …
Imports of goods and servicesm … …

Investment Financing at Current Prices

Gross capital formation 130,771 150,033
Gross national saving 138,004 150,655
Gross domestic saving 119,793 138,688
Net factor income from abroad (6,327) (6,440)
Net current transfers from abroadn 24,538 18,407

Savings and Investment (% of GDP at current market prices)

Gross domestic saving 27.1 28.8
Gross national saving 31.2 31.3
Gross capital formation 29.6 31.2

At Current Market Prices (D '000)

Per capita GDP 5,689 6,122
Per capita GNI 5,608 6,040

At Current Prices ($ million)

GDP by industrial origin at current market prices 31,170.4 32,507.3
GNI 30,723.8 32,072.3

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
At Current Market Prices ($)
Per capita GDP 401.5 413.5

PRODUCTION INDEX period averages

Agriculture; 2014–2016 = 100 55.8 57.6
Mining; 2010 | 2015 = 100 … …
Manufacturing; 2010 | 2015 = 100 … …

ENERGY annual values

Crude petroleum (t ’000 )
Production 16,291 16,833
Exports 15,424 16,732
Importso 8,747 9,083
Consumption … …

Coal (t ’000 )
Production 11,609 13,397
Exports 3,251 4,292
Imports … …
Consumption … …

Natural gas (1000 $)

Production 1,596 …
Exports … …
Imports 20,953 32,940
Consumption … …

Electricity (1000 $)
Production 26,683 30,673
Exports 1,650 1,950
Imports … …
Consumption … …

Retail prices (D/L)

Gasoline, premium … …
Diesel … …

PRICE INDEXES period averages

Consumer (national)p; previous year = 100 98.4 99.7
Food and nonalcoholic beverages 96.1 98.7
Alcoholic beverages, tobacco, and narcotics 100.5 101.3
Clothing and footwear 100.5 100.7
Housing, water,
Furnishings, electricity,
household gas, and and
equipment, other fuels household
routine 104.5 101.8
maintenance 101.8 101.7
Health 102.9 100.7
Transport 101.8 99.2

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 Communication … …
Recreation and cultureq 101.1 100.2
Education 103.2 103.2
Restaurants and hotelsr … …
Miscellaneous goods and services 102.6 102.5
Consumer (capital city)p; previous year = 100 99.7 100.7
Food and nonalcoholic beverages 98.9 100.7
Alcoholic beverages, tobacco, and narcotics 101.9 102.4
Clothing and footwear 100.0 100.5
Housing, water,
Furnishings, electricity,
household gas, and and
equipment, other fuels household
routine 101.8 101.6
maintenance 101.3 101.4
Health 101.3 102.6
Transport 99.3 99.1
Communication … …
Recreation and cultureq 100.3 102.1
Education 101.8 102.2
Restaurants and hotelsr … …
Miscellaneous goods and services 101.2 101.7
Producer (national); 2010 = 100 51.0 52.1
Implicit GDP deflator; 1994 | 2010 = 100 161.4 164.5

Price Indexes (% annual change)

Consumer price index (national)p … -0.3
Food and nonalcoholic price index (national) … -1.3
Producer price index -0.2 2.1
Implicit GDP deflator 3.4 1.9

MONEY AND INTEREST RATESs as of end of period (D billion)

Money supply (M1) 152,497 191,113
Currency in circulation 52,208 66,319
Demand depositst 100,289 124,794
Quasi-moneyu 70,385 88,667
Money supply (M2) 222,882 279,781
Foreign assets (net) 95,692 117,615
Domestic credit 155,236 191,204
Claims on government sector (484) 2,102
Claims on private sectorv 155,720 189,103
Claims on other financial institutions
Claims on state and local government
Claims on public nonfinancial corporations
Other items (net) (28,046) (29,039)

Money Supply (M2) (% annual change) 56.2 25.5

M2 (% of GDP at current market prices) 50.5 58.1

Interest Rates period averagesw (% per annum)

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
On deposits
Savings 0.2 0.2
Time: 6 months 4.8 6.2
12 monthsx 6.2 6.8

GOVERNMENT FINANCE
Central Governmenty
Revenue … …
Taxes … …
Taxes on income, profits, and capital gains … …
Payable by individuals … …
Payable by corporations and other enterprises … …
Other taxes on income, profits, and capital gains … …
Taxes on payroll and workforce … …
Taxes on property … …
Taxes on goods and services … …
Taxes on international trade and transaction … …
Other taxes … …
Social contributions … …
Grants … …
Other revenue … …
Expense … …
Compensation of employees … …
Use of goods and services … …
Consumption of fixed capital … …
Interest … …
Subsidies … …
Grants … …
Social benefits … …
Other expense … …
Net operating balance … …
Gross operating balance … …
Transactions in Nonfinancial Assets
Net/gross investment in nonfinancial assets … …
Fixed assets … …
Inventories … …
Valuables … …
Nonproduced assets … …
Expenditure … …
Net lending/Net borrowing … …
Primary balance … …
Transactions in Financial Assets and Liabilities (Financing)
Net acquisition of financial assets … …
Domestic … …
External … …

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 Net incurrence of liabilities … …
Domestic … …
External … …

Government Finance (% of GDP at current market prices)

Revenue … …
Taxes … …
Taxes payable by individuals … …
Taxes payable by corporations and other enterprises … …
Expenditure … …
Net lending/Net borrowing … …
Primary balance … …

EXTERNAL TRADE calendar year ($ million)

Exports, fob 14,483 15,029
Imports, cifz 15,637 16,218
Trade balance (1,154) (1,189)

External Trade (% annual change)

Exports 25.5 3.8
Imports 33.2 3.7

Direction of Trade calendar year ($ million)

Exports, total 14,483 15,032
1. United States 733 1,065
2. China, People's Republic of 1,536 1,417
3. Korea, Republic of 353 406
4. Japan 2,575 2,510
5. Hong Kong, China 316 317
6. Netherlands 391 365
7. Germany 730 722
8. India 47.2 45.4
9. Thailand 372 323
10 United Kingdom 479 512

Imports, total 15,647 16,218

1. China, People's Republic of 1,401 1,606
2. Korea, Republic of 1,754 1,887
3. Japan 2,301 2,183
4. Taipei,China 1,880 2,009
5. United States 364 411
6. Thailand 811 792
7. Malaysia 389 464
8. Indonesia 345 289
9. Australia 293 266
10. India 178 228

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
BALANCE OF PAYMENTSaa calendar year ($ million)
Current account 1,296 682
Balance on goods 376 481
Exports 14,448 15,027
Imports (14,072) (14,546)
Balance on services (550) (572)
Credit 2,702 2,810
Debit (3,252) (3,382)
Balance on primary income (262) (477)
Credit 331 318
Debit (593) (795)
Balance on secondary income 1,732 1,250
Credit 1,732 1,250
Debit … …
Capital account … …
Credit … …
Debit … …
Financial account (754) 220
Direct investment 1,298 1,300
Portfolio investment … …
Financial derivatives … …
Other investment (2,052) (1,080)
Net errors and omissions (864) (862)
Overall balance (322) 40
Reserves and related items 322 (40)
International investment position … …

Balance of Payments (% of GDP at current market prices)

Exports 46.3 46.0
Imports 45.1 44.5
Balance on goods 1.2 1.5
Balance on services -1.8 -1.8
Current account balance 4.2 2.1
Overall balance -1.0 0.1

INTERNATIONAL RESERVES as of end of period ($ million)

Total 3,510 3,765
Gold, national valuation 93 91
Foreign exchange 3,416 3,660
Reserve position in the IMF 0 0
SDRs 0 15

EXCHANGE RATES (D–$)

End of period 14,514 15,084
Average of period 14,168 14,725

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
EXTERNAL INDEBTEDNESS as of end of period ($ million)
Total debt outstanding and disbursed 12,841 12,633
Long-term debt 11,640 11,488
Public and publicly guaranteed 11,640 11,488
Private nonguaranteed – –
Short-term debt 823 719
Use of IMF credit 378 426

External debt (% of GNI) 41.8 39.2

Total long-term debt (% of total debt) 90.6 90.9
Short-term debt (% of total debt) 6.4 5.7
Debt service (% of exports of goods and services) 7.5 6.7

Debt service transactions during the year ($ million)

Principal repayments on long-term debt 937 791
Interest on long-term debt 298 354
Interest on short-term debt 45 25

Average terms of new commitments

Interest rate (% per annum) 1.3 1.0
Maturity (years) 35.7 38.5
Grace period (years) 9.6 9.7
Grant element (%) 47.9 52.3

ENVIRONMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE

Air Pollution and Climate
Carbon dioxide emissionsab (t '000) 51,208 56,722
Nitrous oxide emissions (t '000 CO₂ equivalent) 18,757 17,217
Methane emissions (t '000 CO₂ equivalent) 65,103 65,594
Other greenhouse gasesac (t '000 CO₂ equivalent) (3,846) (3,839)
Total greenhouse gas emissions (t '000 of CO₂ equivalent) 135,696 140,237
Carbon dioxide emissions, per unit of manufacturing value-added ad (kg
of CO₂ equivalent
per constant 2015 $) 1.43 1.46
Carbon dioxide emissions, per unit of GDP (PPP) ad (kg of CO₂ equivalent
per constant
2017 mean
Annual $) levels of fine particulate matter (e.g., PM2.5 and PM10) in 0.16 0.16
cities (population
weighted), Total (μg/m³) … …
Annual mean levels of fine particulate matter (e.g., PM2.5 and PM10) in
cities (population
weighted), Urban (μg/m³) … …
Temperature change with respect to a baseline climatology,
corresponding to the period
1951-1980 (°C) 0.1 0.7
Number of climate-related disasters, Total ae 11 7
Climate-related Hazards and Natural Disasters
Number of persons affected by disaster (persons) … …
Number of deaths due to disaster (persons) … …

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 Direct economic loss attributed to disasters ($ million) … …
Scoreand
Policies of adoption
Programs and implementation of national disaster risk
reduction strategies in
line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015–
2030 (index) … …
Proportion of local governments that adopt and implement local
disaster risk reduction
strategies
Fossil-fuel in line (consumption
subsidies with national disaster risk reduction
and production) strategies of
as a proportion (%) … …
total GDP (%) … …
Renewable energy
Energy intensity share in in
measured the totalof
terms final energy
primary consumption
energy and GDP(%)(MJ/$ 57.7 56.1
2017 PPP GDP) 4.2 4.2

… = data not available; | = marks break in series; (-/+) 0 or 0.0 = magnitude is less than half of unit employed; * = provisiona
freight; CO₂ = carbon dioxide; D = dong; fob = free on board; GDP = gross domestic product; GNI = gross national income; IM
μg/m3 = micrograms per cubic meter; NPISHs = nonprofit institutions serving households; PM = particulate matter; PPP = purch

a For 2000–2020, data are based on the International Conference of Labor Statistics (ICLS 13) standards. For 2021 onward,
b Refers to total number of persons engaged in any activity regardless of age.
c For 2000–2002, includes mining and quarrying; and electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply.
d For 2000–2004, data on transportation and storage and information and communication are consolidated under the indicato
e For 2010–2018, data on labor force have been adjusted for the 2019 Population and Housing Census. Unemployment rate
f For 2000–2009, the GDP data series is based on unreassessed/unreevaluated scale. Starting 2010, the GDP data are bas
g For 2000–2004, includes water supply; and sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities.
h For 2000–2004, data on transportation and storage and information and communication are consolidated under transportat
i For 2000–2004, included in other services.
j For 2000-2004, includes education, human health and social work activities, and arts, entertainment, and recreation.
k For 2005, components for other services were disaggregated into separate indicators.
l For 2005 onward, methodology was revised and 2010 base year was used.
m For 2000 data refer to exports less imports of goods and services. Annual growth rate cannot be calculated separately for e
n Derived from data on balance of secondary income of balance of payments.
o Refers to imports of refined petroleum products.
p For 2000–2019, figures are based on Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (COICOP) 1999. For 2
q Includes restaurants and hotels.
r Data on restaurants and hotels are consolidated under recreation and culture.
s Based on an expanded monetary survey that includes 4 government and 24 nongovernment commercial banks.
t Includes time and savings deposits and deposit substitutes.
u Refers to foreign currency deposits.
v Includes cooperatives.
w For 2000–2010, data were estimated based on the annual nonweighted average of the monthly deposit rates provided by th
x For 2000–2010, refers to maximum interest per annum for state enterprise deposit
y Until the 53rd edition of the Key Indicators of Asia and the Pacific, Viet Nam’s data on government finance from the Ministry
and the Pacific, with the support of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF), the MOF submitted its 2003-2
onward government finance data.
z Includes foreign aid in goods.
aa Prior to 2014, data are based on the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (fifth edition). For 2014 onward, data are based on
ab Data from the World Bank are expressed in kiloton (kt), while data provided in the table are expressed in thousand metric to
ac Other greenhouse gas emissions refer to hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulphur hexafluoride.
ad Refers to carbon dioxide emissions from fuel combustion.
ae Disasters may include drought, extreme temperature, flood, landslide, storm, or wildfire.

Sources:

Population Government of Viet Nam, General Statistics Of

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
Labor Force GSO. Official communication, 5 June 2024.

National Accounts GSO. Official communication, 19 April 2024.

Production Index

Agriculture Food and Agriculture Organization of the Unite

Mining GSO. Official communication, 19 April 2024.

Manufacturing

Energy GSO. Official communication, 19 April 2024.

Price Indexes GSO. Official communication, 19 April 2024.

Money and Interest Rates State Bank of Viet Nam. Official communication

Government Finance Government of Viet Nam, Ministry of Finance.

Government Finance (% of GDP at current market prices) Asian Development Bank estimates using econ

External Trade GSO. Official communication, 19 April 2024.

Direction of Trade International Monetary Fund (IMF). Direction o

Balance of Payments State Bank of Viet Nam. Official communication

International Reserves IMF. International Financial Statistics. https://da

Exchange Rates IMF. International Financial Statistics. https://da

External Indebtedness World Bank. International Debt Statistics. https

Total long-term debt (% of total debt) Asian Development Bank estimates using data
(accessed 30 June 2024).

Environment and Climate Change World Bank. World Development Indicators. ht

United Nations. SDG Global Database. https://
IMF. 2022. Climate Change Dashboard. https:/
United Nations
Office for
Disaster Risk
Reduction.
Sendai
Framework
Monitor.
https://sendaim
onitor.undrr.org/
(accessed 30
June 2024).

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

79.54 80.47 81.44 82.39 83.31 84.22

242 244 246 249 252 254
1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1
25.0 25.8 26.5 27.1 27.7 28.2

40.4 41.5 42.5 44.9 46.2 47.2

39.5 40.6 41.6 42.8 44.0 45.2
24.5 24.4 24.4 23.6 24.4 23.9
0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3
4.6 4.6 4.8 5.0 6.1 5.7

0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2

1.5 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.4
4.3 4.5 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.9
1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.3
0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 1.1
… … … 0.2 … 0.2
… 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2
… 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1
2.8 2.8 3.0 4.6 3.6 4.9
… … … … … …
0.9 0.9 0.9 2.1 2.3 2.0
2.2 2.2 2.1 4.7 4.9 4.1
2.1 2.7 2.4 5.7 3.0 2.0
… … … … … 74.7
… … … … … 78.8
… … … … … 70.9

535,762 613,443 715,307 914,001 1,061,565 1,246,769

123,383 138,284 155,992 176,402 198,797 232,586
46,153 57,326 72,492 88,897 99,702 111,700
110,285 125,476 145,475 172,045 205,739 241,629
18,201 22,224 25,090 29,785 33,857 40,187
4,516 5,801 6,922
31,558 37,100 44,558 53,276 64,503 79,712
75,617 83,297 96,995 111,745 130,432 153,660
21,095 24,725 30,402 28,013 33,516 39,093
17,154 18,472 22,529 29,329 35,861 44,992

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 9,998 11,812 13,778
9,763 10,858 12,737 47,825 55,869 65,861
24,452 27,287 31,304 61,413 70,501 83,322
12,908 14,450 16,975
3,865 4,358 5,127
44,940 54,016 61,255 23,038 26,737 31,310
26,948 30,718 34,843
12,262 13,922 15,964
6,319 7,177 8,253
13,161 14,379 16,476 13,998 16,173 18,927

… … … 1,421 1,640 1,927

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
(8,706) (9,755) (13,401) (16,779) (22,810) (34,963)
527,056 603,688 701,906 897,222 1,038,755 1,211,806

23.0 22.5 21.8 19.3 18.7 18.7

38.5 39.5 40.2 38.1 38.6 38.5
38.5 38.0 38.0 42.6 42.7 42.8

535,762 613,443 715,307 914,001 1,061,565 1,246,769

382,137 445,221 511,221 648,519 749,688 918,388
348,747 406,451 465,506 598,567 690,954 849,141
… … … … … …
33,390 38,770 45,715 49,952 58,734 69,247
177,983 217,434 253,686 308,543 366,629 493,300
166,828 204,608 237,868 285,841 332,949 437,702
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
11,155 12,826 15,818 22,702 33,680 55,598
… … … … … …
304,262 363,735 470,216 582,214 719,928 886,395
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
331,946 415,023 524,216 612,521 750,800 1,055,577
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
3,326 2,076 4,400 (12,755) (23,880) 4,263
532,436 611,367 710,907 926,755 1,085,444 1,242,506
66% 66% 65% 65% 64% 68%
33% 36% 36% 33% 34% 40%
6% 6% 6% 5% 5% 6%

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 57% 59% 66% 63% 66% 71%
74% 66% 69% 85%

65.1 66.3 65.1 65.5 65.1 68.1

6.2 6.3 6.4 5.5 5.5 5.6
33.2 35.4 35.5 33.8 34.5 39.6
2.1 2.1 2.2 2.5 3.2 4.5
56.8 59.3 65.7 63.7 67.8 71.1
62.0 67.7 73.3 67.0 70.7 84.7
0.6 0.3 0.6 -1.4 -2.2 0.3

313,247 336,243 362,435 | 1,588,646 1,699,501 1,820,667

68,352 70,828 73,917 | 342,811 355,831 369,905
19,396 20,611 22,437 | 212,381 208,134 203,555
63,983 71,363 79,116 | 248,709 281,925 316,812
7,992 8,944 10,015 | 44,794 49,232 53,707
8,108 8,736 9,446
25,755 28,481 31,053 | 91,523 101,632 113,979
51,245 54,747 59,027 | 193,430 209,969 228,477
12,252 12,925 13,975 | 40,322 44,406 49,468
10,125 10,646 11,511 | 52,688 59,231 66,822
14,624 16,039 17,745
6,424 6,935 7,495 | 77,704 84,058 91,490
13,106 13,796 14,396 | 105,410 112,776 118,561
22,630 23,725 25,061
6,480 6,816 7,256
27,322 29,242 31,325 | 38,666 41,593 44,973
34,805 37,735 41,037
16,422 17,709 19,135
10,169 10,972 11,898
7,296 7,725 8,168 | 24,597 26,436 28,573

… … …| 2,374 2,549 2,765

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …

7.1 7.3 7.8 | 7.5 7.0 7.1

4.2 3.6 4.4 | 4.2 3.8 4.0
9.5 10.5 10.2 | 8.4 7.3 7.4
6.5 6.5 7.3 | 8.6 8.4 8.5

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 313,247 336,243 362,435 | 1,588,646 1,699,501 1,820,667
225,609 243,515 260,940 | 1,106,408 1,189,879 1,305,445
205,113 221,545 237,262 | 1,022,157 1,098,469 1,205,895
20,496 21,970 23,678 | 84,251 91,410 99,549
104,256 116,623 128,916 | 443,761 496,274 629,267
98,160 109,843 121,312 | 412,327 453,157 562,627
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
6,096 6,780 7,604 | 31,434 43,116 66,640
… … … … … …
179,529 195,340 235,219 | 913,341 1,043,134 1,160,960
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
196,632 226,787 265,341 | 902,088 1,038,899 1,325,880
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
4,775 7,553 2,702 | 27,224 9,114 50,875

312,762 328,691 359,734 1,561,422 1,690,387 1,769,792

7.55% 5.09% 9.44% 334.05% 8.26% 4.70%

7.6 8.0 7.1 | 5.8 7.5 9.8

5.4 7.2 7.8 | 8.2 8.5 8.9
12.7 11.9 10.5 | 11.2 11.8 26.8
8.6 8.8 20.4 | 7.8 14.2 11.3
11.1 15.3 17.0 | 5.9 15.2 27.6

177,983 217,434 253,686 308,543 366,629 493,300

174,271 193,193 239,387 302,306 353,828 396,974
153,625 168,222 204,086 265,481 311,877 328,381
(8,706) (9,755) (13,401) (16,779) (22,810) (34,963)
29,352 34,726 48,702 53,603 64,761 103,556

28.7 27.4 28.5 29.0 29.4 26.3

32.5 31.5 33.5 33.1 33.3 31.8
33.2 35.4 35.5 33.8 34.5 39.6

6,736 7,624 8,784 11,093 12,742 14,804

6,626 7,502 8,619 10,890 12,468 14,389

35,093.2 39,551.5 45,724.1 57,632.9 66,244.3 77,429.5

34,522.9 38,922.5 44,867.4 56,574.9 64,820.9 75,258.1

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 441.2 491.5 561.5 699.5 795.1 919.4

61.7 64.5 68.0 69.8 72.9 76.0

… … … … … …
… … … … … …

16,863 17,700 20,051 18,519 16,800 15,920

16,876 17,143 19,501 17,967 16,442 15,062
9,971 9,936 11,048 11,477 11,225 12,850
… … … … … …

16,409 19,300 27,349 34,093 38,778 42,483

6,047 7,262 11,636 17,988 29,308 32,072
… … … 57 64 375
… … … … … …

… 2,712 6,269 6,440 7,000 7,080

… 158 148 1,569 1,859 839
54,116 94,100 149,213 208,042 270,707 417,534
… … … … … …

35,888 40,546 46,202 52,078 57,917 64,147

1,800 363 … … 27,296 286,074
… … 2,125 15,072 38,037 110,670
… … … … … …

… … … … … …
… … … … … …

103.9 103.2 107.7 108.3 107.5 108.3

107.6 102.5 112.4 111.2 108.7 111.2
101.6 104.2 104.0 104.1 105.0 106.0
101.1 102.4 103.9 104.2 105.9 106.2
102.5 108.0 106.4 107.2 108.8 111.0
100.8 101.2 103.0 104.4 105.6 106.2
99.8 113.2 113.8 105.3 104.9 105.1
97.1 102.0 99.8 108.3 107.1 103.6

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 … … … … … 97.2
99.4 99.1 101.5 101.6 103.0 103.2
102.9 104.7 100.9 101.9 104.4 103.3
… … … … … …
101.9 102.9 105.1 105.8 106.1 107.7
105.4 104.3 106.3 107.5 108.8 108.4
111.7 104.3 110.3 109.9 111.8 111.9
102.6 105.4 107.5 104.5 104.5 104.7
100.2 105.2 103.9 102.5 104.7 104.0
104.5 109.0 103.1 107.5 110.9 111.6
100.4 101.2 103.6 103.3 104.4 104.8
100.4 115.7 105.7 102.6 102.2 107.0
98.2 100.5 100.0 107.2 104.9 103.1
… … … … … …
104.7 105.5 101.1 105.6 106.0 104.7
102.6 101.0 101.9 103.7 104.8 103.2
… … … … … …
102.4 101.3 101.3 105.6 107.3 110.6
53.0 54.9 58.4 61.0 63.5 67.9
171.0 182.4 197.4 57.5 62.5 68.5

3.9 3.2 7.7 8.3 7.5 8.3

7.6 2.5 12.4 11.2 8.7 11.2
1.8 3.6 6.4 4.4 4.2 6.8
4.0 6.7 8.2 9.0 8.6 9.6

235,518 314,148 402,738 531,472 723,204 443,429

74,263 90,583 109,097 131,171 158,809 220,514
161,255 223,564 293,641 400,301 564,394 222,915
93,632 97,084 129,608 159,180 199,469 904,814
329,150 411,232 532,346 690,652 922,672 1,348,244
117,418 131,402 145,910 191,077 287,925 410,414
239,921 316,872 434,572 585,559 730,330 1,096,780
8,843 20,135 14,527 32,461 36,496 29,051
231,078 296,737 420,046 553,098 693,834 1,067,729

(28,191) (37,040) (48,137) (85,984) (95,583) (158,950)

17.6 24.9 29.5 29.7 33.6 46.1

61.4 67.0 74.4 75.6 86.9 108.1

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 2.4 2.4 2.4 3.0 3.0 3.1
7.4 6.5 7.0 7.8 7.8 8.2
7.8 7.2 7.6 8.4 8.4 8.8

… 151,156.0 189,591.0 227,004.0 277,479.0 331,565.8

… 134,279.0 167,174.0 203,103.8 248,384.0 297,778.8
… 50,768.5 61,148.0 81,065.0 106,226.0 116,138.0
… 3,358.5 4,161.0 5,218.0 6,430.0 9,743.0
… 47,410.0 56,987.0 75,847.0 99,796.0 106,395.0
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… 8,659.0 14,770.0 14,823.0 16,121.0 29,501.0
… 52,477.5 69,642.0 83,556.0 99,757.0 113,830.8
… 22,374.0 21,614.0 23,659.8 26,280.0 38,309.0
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… 2,969.0 2,877.0 3,789.0 7,897.0 6,012.0
… 13,908.0 19,540.0 20,111.2 21,198.0 27,775.0
… 106,776.0 124,268.6 154,967.0 185,339.0 235,132.6
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… 6,395.0 7,217.0 6,621.0 7,965.0 12,660.0
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… 100,381.0 117,051.6 148,346.0 177,374.0 222,472.6
… 44,380.0 65,322.4 72,037.0 92,140.0 96,433.2
… 44,380.0 65,322.4 72,037.0 92,140.0 96,433.2

… 53,314.0 64,229.0 81,831.0 87,448.0 119,000.8

… 53,314.0 64,229.0 81,831.0 87,448.0 119,000.8
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… 160,090.0 188,497.6 236,798.0 272,787.0 354,133.4
… -8,934.0 1,093.4 -9,794.0 4,692.0 -22,567.6
… -2,539.0 8,310.4 -3,173.0 12,657.0 -9,907.6

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 … … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …

… 24.6 26.5 24.8 26.1 26.6

… 21.9 23.4 22.2 23.4 23.9
… 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.8
… 7.7 8.0 8.3 9.4 8.5
… 26.1 26.4 25.9 25.7 28.4
… -1.5 0.2 -1.1 0.4 -1.8
… -0.4 1.2 -0.3 1.2 -0.8

16,706 20,149 26,485 32,447 39,826 48,561

19,746 25,256 31,969 36,761 44,891 62,765
(3,040) (5,107) (5,484) (4,314) (5,065) (14,203)

11.2 20.6 31.4 22.5 22.7 21.9

21.8 27.9 26.6 15.0 22.1 39.8

16,710 20,156 26,525 32,537 39,893 48,624

2,453 3,939 5,025 5,924 7,845 10,105
1,518 1,883 2,899 3,228 3,243 3,646
469 492 608 664 843 1,243
2,437 2,909 3,542 4,340 5,240 6,090
340 369 380 353 453 583
404 493 582 659 857 1,182
729 855 1,065 1,086 1,445 1,855
52.0 32.3 78.6 97.8 137.8 179.7
227 335 518 863 930 1,030
572 755 1,010 1,016 1,180 1,431

19,746 25,261 31,969 36,761 44,891 62,764

2,159 3,139 4,595 5,900 7,391 12,710
2,280 2,625 3,359 3,594 3,908 5,340
2,505 2,982 3,553 4,074 4,702 6,189
2,525 2,915 3,698 4,304 4,825 6,947
458 1,143 1,134 863 987 1,701
955 1,282 1,859 2,374 3,034 3,744
683 925 1,215 1,256 1,482 2,290
363 552 663 700 1,013 1,354
286 278 459 498 1,100 1,059
325 457 594 596 880 1,357

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 (607) (1,905) (1,000) (561) (164) (7,092)
(1,054) (2,555) (2,287) (2,439) (2,776) (10,438)
16,706 20,149 26,485 32,447 39,826 48,561
(17,760) (22,704) (28,772) (34,886) (42,602) (58,999)
(749) (778) (872) (296) (8) (894)
2,948 3,272 3,867 4,176 5,100 6,030
(3,697) (4,050) (4,739) (4,472) (5,108) (6,924)
(725) (811) (934) (1,206) (1,429) (2,190)
167 125 188 364 668 1,166
(892) (936) (1,122) (1,570) (2,097) (3,356)
1,921 2,239 3,093 3,380 4,049 6,430
1,921 2,239 3,093 … … 6,779
… … … … … (349)
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
1,978 3,305 2,652 3,087 3,088 18,011
1,400 1,450 1,610 1,889 2,315 6,797
… … … 865 1,313 6,243
… … … … … …
578 1,855 1,042 333 (540) 4,971
(1,014) 751 (769) (395) 1,398 (720)
357 2,151 883 2,131 4,322 10,199
(357) (2,151) (883) (2,131) (4,322) (10,199)
… … … … … …

47.6 50.9 58.3 56.3 60.0 62.7

50.7 57.4 63.3 60.5 64.2 76.2
-3.0 -6.5 -5.0 -4.2 -4.2 -13.5
-2.1 -2.0 -1.9 -0.5 0.0 -1.2
-1.7 -4.8 -2.2 -1.0 -0.2 -9.2
1.0 5.4 1.9 3.7 6.5 13.2

4,232 6,359 7,186 9,216 13,591 23,748

111 135 145 166 207 268
4,121 6,222 7,041 9,050 13,382 23,472
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 2 0 1 2 8

15,403 15,646 15,777 15,916 16,054 16,114

15,280 15,510 15,746 15,859 15,994 16,105

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 13,343 15,593 17,631 18,594 18,752 23,135
12,218 14,361 15,592 16,282 16,057 18,502
12,218 14,361 15,592 16,282 16,057 18,502
– – – – – –
679 822 1,688 2,040 2,443 4,395
446 409 351 272 252 239

38.7 40.1 39.6 32.9 28.9 30.7

91.6 92.1 88.4 87.6 85.6 80.0
5.1 5.3 9.6 11.0 13.0 19.0
6.1 3.6 2.7 2.6 2.1 2.2

844 474 395 482 478 619

276 270 306 319 329 420
20 18 39 90 124 184

1.3 1.9 1.8 2.8 3.0 3.0

36.0 28.4 29.4 27.1 28.7 26.4
9.8 7.7 7.8 9.4 7.5 8.1
47.6 35.9 39.5 29.7 28.2 27.4

66,496 70,904 85,052 92,369 94,870 105,137

18,183 19,464 20,346 19,606 19,386 20,876
67,270 69,288 73,349 75,803 78,097 79,113
(4,305) (4,574) (4,649) (5,733) (4,605) (5,731)
152,726 160,510 179,676 188,783 193,546 206,510

1.46 1.40 1.46 1.37 1.09 0.98

0.18 0.17 0.19 0.20 0.19 0.19

… … … … … …

… … … … … …

0.7 1.1 0.4 0.8 0.9 0.5

6 4 6 10 11 6

… … … 108,432 865,510 222,747

… … … 675 317 381

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 … … … 219.8 2,612.3 572.0

… … … … … …

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
52.2 50.8 45.8 44.2 44.3 41.9
4.3 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.1 4.1

employed; * = provisional, preliminary, estimate, budget figure; – = magnitude equals zero; $ = United States dollars; cif = cost, insuranc
gross national income; IMF = International Monetary Fund; kg = kilogram; km² = square kilometer; kWh = kilowatt-hour; L = liter; MJ = meg
ulate matter; PPP = purchasing power parity; SDRs = special drawing rights; t = metric ton.

dards. For 2021 onward, data are calculated based on ICLS19.

pply.
lidated under the indicator transportation and communication.
sus. Unemployment rate is population at 15 years of age and above.
0, the GDP data are based on the reevaluated scale.
ties.
lidated under transportation and communication.

nt, and recreation.

alculated separately for exports and imports for 2001.

se (COICOP) 1999. For 2020 onward, figures are based on COICOP 2018.

mercial banks.

eposit rates provided by the Ho Chi Minh City Securities Company. Starting 2011, data were provided by the State Bank of Viet Nam.

finance from the Ministry of Finance (MOF), was presented using the GFS1986 standard. Starting in the 54th edition of the Key Indicators
MOF submitted its 2003-2019 government finance data following GFS2014 standard. The MOF is currently working with IMF to convert its

nward, data are based on the IMF's Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (sixth edition).
sed in thousand metric tons (t), using a conversion factor of 1 kt = 1000 metric tons.
fluoride.

am, General Statistics Office (GSO). Official communication, 19 April 2024.

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
nication, 5 June 2024.

nication, 19 April 2024.

Organization of the United Nations. FAOSTAT Database. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data (accessed 30 June 2024).

nication, 19 April 2024.

nication, 19 April 2024.

nication, 19 April 2024.

m. Official communication, 20 June 2024; past communications.

am, Ministry of Finance. Official communication, 03 April 2024.

ank estimates using economy source.

nication, 19 April 2024.

y Fund (IMF). Direction of Trade Statistics. https://data.imf.org/ (accessed 30 June 2024).

m. Official communication, 20 June 2024; past communications.

ancial Statistics. https://data.imf.org/ (accessed 30 June 2024).

ancial Statistics. https://data.imf.org/ (accessed 30 June 2024).

onal Debt Statistics. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/international-debt-statistics# (accessed 30 June 2024).

ank estimates using data from the World Bank's International Debt Statistics. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/international-debt-sta
024).

evelopment Indicators. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators (accessed 30 June 2024).

Global Database. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/dataportal (accessed 30 June 2024).
hange Dashboard. https://climatedata.imf.org/pages/climatechange-data (accessed 30 June 2024).

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

85.12 86.02 87.07 88.15 89.20 90.19

257 260 263 266 270 273
1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1
29.0 29.7 30.4 31.4 31.7 32.0

48.2 49.3 50.5 51.6 52.6 53.5

46.5 47.7 49.1 50.5 51.7 52.5
24.3 24.6 23.9 24.5 24.6 24.6
0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
6.0 6.4 7.1 7.0 7.2 7.4

0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3

2.5 2.6 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3
5.1 5.2 5.7 5.8 6.3 6.6
1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5
1.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.2
0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2
4.9 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.5 5.7
… … 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.4
1.7 1.6 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.0
3.6 3.2 2.7 2.0 1.8 1.9
2.2 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.0 1.8
… 76.5 76.7 76.6 76.8 77.6
… 81.0 81.3 81.2 81.2 82.1
… 72.3 72.4 72.1 72.6 73.3

1,616,047 1,809,149 | 2,739,843 3,539,881 4,073,762 4,473,656

329,886 346,786 | 421,253 575,555 659,929 680,694
146,607 165,310 | 186,199 275,760 306,416 305,894
300,256 331,093 | 469,351 661,751 825,918 925,485
49,136 61,665 | 65,594 78,474 94,187 112,217
7,497 8,085 | 11,797 14,831 17,938 20,018
95,696 110,255 | 171,834 193,290 216,402 227,895
208,366 240,577 | 202,874 269,823 333,936 378,239
50,749 55,378 | 129,255 162,673 188,951 217,156
57,067 67,394 | 77,427 96,714 110,765 126,291

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 17,593 19,349 | 120,252 134,867 150,902 167,649
86,356 100,324 | 123,052 155,921 178,377 201,054
102,920 115,351 | 140,926 174,197 190,384 206,014
21,528 24,291 | 65,338 81,619 93,501 105,895
6,443 7,154 | 44,172 52,838 59,088 67,656
41,279 47,042 | 60,011 71,676 84,016 96,447
38,261 42,780 | 79,926 94,551 108,056 125,500
18,946 21,276 | 28,217 34,087 39,632 57,232
9,986 13,053 | 19,409 22,514 25,893 29,097
24,923 29,087 | 19,316 22,047 25,707 30,479

2,551 2,898 | 2,951 3,736 4,400 5,002

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… …| 2,439,155 3,176,922 3,714,399 4,085,914
… …| 300,688 362,959 359,364 387,742
(48,083) -77,928 | (85,004) (99,141) (129,738) (153,584)
1,567,964 1,731,221 | 2,654,839 3,440,740 3,944,025 4,320,071

20.4 19.2 | 15.4 16.3 16.2 15.2

37.1 37.4 | 33.0 34.6 35.9 35.6
42.5 43.4 | 40.6 38.9 39.1 40.5

1,616,047 1,809,149 | 2,739,843 3,539,881 4,073,762 4,473,656

1,236,265 1,343,691 | 1,885,502 2,352,797 2,694,746 3,033,144
1,145,361 1,239,151 | 1,601,016 1,999,484 2,269,234 2,544,792
… … … … … …
90,904 104,540 | 284,486 353,313 425,512 488,352
589,746 672,326 | 1,016,457 1,145,900 1,244,913 1,351,621
513,987 612,526 | 963,320 1,082,121 1,167,244 1,266,169
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
75,759 59,800 | 53,136 63,779 77,669 85,452
… … … … … …
1,155,688 1,139,253 | 1,484,333 2,165,705 2,585,777 2,988,422
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
1,376,183 1,326,810 | 1,638,477 2,268,371 2,434,081 2,865,193
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
10,531 -19,310 | (7,972) 143,850 (17,593) (34,338)
1,605,516 1,828,460 2,747,815 3,396,031 4,091,355 4,507,993
71% 68% 58% 59% 55% 56%
37% 37% 37% 34% 30% 30%
6% 6% 10% 10% 10% 11%

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 72% 62% 54% 64% 63% 66%
86% 73% 60% 67% 59% 64%

70.9 68.5 | 58.4 56.5 55.7 56.9

5.6 5.8 | 10.4 10.0 10.4 10.9
36.5 37.2 | 37.1 32.4 30.6 30.2
4.7 3.3 | 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9
71.5 63.0 | 54.2 61.2 63.5 66.8
85.2 73.3 | 59.8 64.1 59.8 64.0
0.7 -1.1 | -0.3 4.1 -0.4 -0.8

1,923,749 2,027,591 | 2,739,843 2,915,554 3,076,042 3,246,870

387,262 394,658 | 421,253 439,124 451,733 463,168
195,756 210,666 | 186,199 185,605 194,884 193,135
347,808 357,415 | 469,351 528,448 572,742 609,971
59,112 64,446 | 65,594 72,271 80,850 87,835
10,108 10,765 | 11,797 13,548 14,735 15,322
113,546 126,441 | 171,834 171,381 177,660 187,936
243,955 262,686 | 202,874 222,614 242,697 260,047
55,360 60,056 | 129,255 138,794 148,134 158,549
72,661 74,328 | 77,427 82,114 87,904 96,010
19,608 21,014 | 120,252 134,707 150,332 162,690
100,780 109,545 | 123,052 132,826 139,925 149,030
124,925 130,333 | 140,926 145,944 147,691 150,821
26,096 27,217 | 65,338 69,721 75,073 80,548
7,670 8,031 | 44,172 47,126 50,410 53,945
47,883 51,365 | 60,011 64,012 68,372 73,053
44,306 47,215 | 79,926 85,627 91,951 99,121
20,620 22,008 | 28,217 30,249 32,458 34,979
12,907 13,925 | 19,409 20,834 22,374 24,039
30,408 32,312 | 19,316 20,527 21,750 23,419

2,977 3,164 | 2,951 3,164 3,413 3,639

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… …| 2,439,155 2,608,636 2,775,089 2,927,258
… …| 300,688 306,918 300,953 319,612
… … … … … …
… … … … … …

5.7 5.4 | 6.4 6.4 5.5 5.6

4.7 1.9 | 3.3 4.2 2.9 2.5
4.1 6.0 | 7.2 7.3 7.2 5.1
7.6 6.5 | 7.2 7.6 7.0 6.8

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 1,923,749 2,027,591 | 2,739,843 2,915,554 3,076,042 3,246,870
1,405,404 1,442,775 | 1,885,502 1,982,891 2,090,565 2,206,099
1,298,368 1,327,608 | 1,601,016 1,686,190 1,768,645 1,860,614
107,036 115,168 | 284,486 296,701 321,920 345,485
668,774 697,614 | 1,016,457 972,410 998,061 1,057,070
584,225 635,201 | 963,320 917,334 938,800 993,720
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
84,549 62,413 | 53,136 55,076 59,261 63,351
… … … … … …
1,219,803 1,355,225 | 1,484,333 1,641,583 1,888,500 2,225,003
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
1,426,886 1,521,982 | 1,638,477 1,715,938 1,907,910 2,287,942
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
56,654 53,959 | (7,972) 34,608 6,826 46,640

1,867,095 1,973,632 2,747,815 2,880,946 3,069,216 3,200,230

5.50% 5.71% 39.23% 4.84% 6.54% 4.27%

7.7 2.3 | 8.2 5.3 4.9 5.2

7.5 7.6 | 12.3 4.3 8.5 7.3
6.3 4.3 | 10.4 -4.3 2.6 5.9
5.1 11.1 | 14.6 10.6 15.0 17.8
7.6 6.7 | 13.7 4.7 11.2 19.9

589,746 672,326 | 1,016,457 1,145,900 1,244,913 1,351,621

450,886 497,566 | 916,099 1,266,070 1,420,318 1,485,314
379,782 465,458 | 854,341 1,187,084 1,379,016 1,440,512
(48,083) -77,928 | (85,004) (99,141) (129,738) (153,584)
119,186 110,036 | 146,763 178,127 171,040 198,386

23.5 25.7 | 31.2 33.5 33.9 32.2

27.9 27.5 | 33.4 35.8 34.9 33.2
36.5 37.2 | 37.1 32.4 30.6 30.2

18,986 21,031 | 31,468 40,159 45,669 49,602

18,421 20,125 | 30,492 39,035 44,214 47,899

97,452.0 99,786.6 | 147,106.6 172,600.0 195,590.7 213,685.5

94,552.5 95,488.4 | 142,542.6 167,766.0 189,361.7 206,349.5

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 1,144.8 1,160.0 | 1,689.6 1,958.1 2,192.6 2,369.2

79.7 81.1 83.3 87.2 93.5 95.5

… … … … 105.0 99.4
… … … … 105.5 107.6

14,904 16,360 15,014 15,185 16,739 16,705

13,752 13,373 8,072 8,240 9,251 8,398
12,857 398 492 629 729 1,312
… … … … … …

39,777 44,078 44,835 46,611 42,083 41,064

19,358 24,992 19,876 17,163 15,219 12,802
385 448 … … 1,876 2,271
… … … … … …

7,499 8,010 9,402 8,480 9,355 9,751

24,144 20,067 7,917 14,121 8,973 57,178
563,044 443,133 542,282 672,957 618,776 644,093
… … … … … …

70,960 80,643 91,722 101,499 115,147 124,454

741,564 11,067 56,603 79,375 28,940 177,639
145,745 198,519 298,552 300,530 158,655 221,180
… … … … … …

… … … 29,133 32,277 32,165

… … … 19,108 21,377 21,884

123.0 106.9 109.2 118.6 109.2 106.6

136.6 108.7 110.7 126.5 108.1 102.7
110.8 109.6 108.2 111.7 106.6 104.2
110.3 108.9 106.9 112.1 110.0 107.9
120.5 103.5 114.7 119.7 110.6 104.7
109.1 108.5 105.4 108.8 107.6 105.0
108.9 106.1 103.4 105.7 116.3 145.6
116.0 98.8 112.0 116.0 108.2 104.5

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 88.2 90.4 95.4 95.9 98.9 99.5
105.9 105.7 103.6 107.6 105.6 103.9
104.2 105.7 110.4 123.2 117.1 114.2
… … … … … …
113.2 111.3 111.7 112.0 110.7 107.0
122.9 108.3 109.6 118.0 108.6 106.4
138.1 111.7 113.1 131.3 109.3 103.8
115.9 106.8 108.7 113.0 107.7 104.1
109.6 109.5 104.6 108.9 110.7 107.5
117.3 102.9 115.3 119.3 110.5 106.8
108.4 109.2 107.0 106.6 107.0 104.3
114.9 108.6 102.6 102.8 103.3 125.2
113.7 98.3 113.0 114.8 107.0 103.5
… … 96.1 96.2 99.4 99.8
104.0 107.3 104.2 105.5 106.8 103.7
105.6 107.1 106.6 106.5 112.5 123.2
… … … … … …
116.5 111.7 107.8 108.9 109.2 105.4
82.7 88.8 100.0 118.4 122.5 128.9
84.0 89.2 100.0 121.4 132.4 137.8

23.0 6.9 9.2 18.6 9.2 6.6

36.6 8.7 10.7 26.5 8.1 2.7
21.8 7.4 12.6 18.4 3.4 5.3
22.7 6.2 12.1 21.4 9.1 4.0

442,984 581,535 640,959 705,998 860,959 1,017,278

236,848 293,225 337,949 370,992 455,504 506,739
206,136 288,310 303,010 335,006 405,455 510,539
1,179,145 1,510,912 2,148,225 2,419,962 2,841,909 3,383,414
1,622,130 2,092,447 2,789,184 3,125,960 3,702,867 4,400,692
428,929 312,264 266,567 300,823 548,108 612,697
1,400,693 2,039,686 2,689,527 3,062,086 3,403,504 3,876,350
61,430 170,431 213,991 232,362 325,801 406,668
1,339,263 1,869,255 2,475,535 2,829,723 3,077,703 3,469,683

(207,492) (259,503) (166,909) (236,948) (248,745) (88,355)

20.3 29.0 33.3 12.1 18.5 18.8

100.4 115.7 101.8 88.3 90.9 98.4

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 3.7 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.2 1.3
13.3 10.2 11.1 13.7 10.1 7.3
13.5 10.4 11.5 13.6 11.3 8.7

437,204.3 460,613.0 595,887.1 730,593.0 745,305.6 840,499.0

395,196.0 408,946.0 529,482.9 666,160.0 662,952.7 730,162.0
155,578.6 129,058.0 177,862.0 237,884.0 264,405.0 281,684.0
15,957.0 14,578.0 26,311.0 38,469.0 44,959.0 46,553.0
139,621.6 114,480.0 151,551.0 199,415.0 219,446.0 235,131.0
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
32,597.0 38,965.0 50,819.0 53,485.0 46,429.0 46,873.0
146,546.4 163,927.0 226,733.9 293,385.0 280,842.5 323,352.0
60,474.0 76,996.0 74,068.0 81,406.0 71,276.2 78,253.0
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
9,413.0 7,908.0 11,867.6 12,103.0 10,267.0 11,124.0
32,595.3 43,759.0 54,536.6 52,330.0 72,085.8 99,213.0
300,464.0 337,100.1 411,770.0 508,544.0 657,491.9 771,829.3
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
16,730.0 20,490.0 25,400.0 29,786.0 39,884.0 54,084.0
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
283,734.0 316,610.1 386,370.0 478,758.0 617,607.9 717,745.3
136,740.3 123,512.9 184,117.1 222,049.0 87,813.7 68,669.7
136,740.3 123,512.9 184,117.1 222,049.0 87,813.7 68,669.7

143,627.0 230,553.0 241,420.0 249,162.0 304,475.0 333,429.0

143,627.0 230,553.0 241,420.0 249,162.0 304,475.0 333,429.0
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
444,091.0 567,653.1 653,190.0 757,706.0 961,966.9 1,105,258.3
-6,886.7 -107,040.1 -57,302.9 -27,113.0 -216,661.3 -264,759.3
9,843.3 -86,550.1 -31,902.9 2,673.0 -176,777.3 -210,675.3

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 … … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …

27.1 25.5 21.7 20.6 18.3 18.8

24.5 22.6 19.3 18.8 16.3 16.3
1.0 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0
8.6 6.3 5.5 5.6 5.4 5.3
27.5 31.4 23.8 21.4 23.6 24.7
-0.4 -5.9 -2.1 -0.8 -5.3 -5.9
0.6 -4.8 -1.2 0.1 -4.3 -4.7

62,685 57,096 72,237 96,906 114,529 132,033

80,714 69,949 84,839 106,750 113,780 132,033
(18,029) (12,853) (12,602) (9,844) 749 0

29.1 -8.9 26.5 34.2 18.2 15.3

28.6 -13.3 21.3 25.8 6.6 16.0

62,791 57,516 70,249 93,386 111,291 128,743

11,887 11,356 14,238 16,928 19,668 23,869
4,850 4,909 7,309 11,125 12,388 13,259
1,793 2,065 3,092 4,715 5,580 6,631
8,468 6,292 7,728 10,781 13,060 13,651
877 1,034 1,464 2,206 3,706 4,107
1,577 1,335 1,688 2,148 2,476 2,937
2,073 1,885 2,373 3,367 4,095 4,730
389.0 419.6 991.6 1,553.9 1,782.2 2,353.9
1,289 1,266 1,183 1,792 2,832 3,104
1,581 1,329 1,682 2,398 3,034 3,699

80,713 69,949 83,365 104,419 111,640 129,258

15,974 16,441 20,019 24,594 28,786 36,954
7,255 6,976 9,761 13,176 15,536 20,698
8,240 7,468 9,016 10,400 11,603 11,612
8,363 6,253 6,977 8,557 8,534 9,424
2,647 3,009 3,767 4,529 4,827 5,232
4,906 4,514 5,602 6,384 5,792 6,311
2,596 2,505 3,413 3,920 3,412 4,104
1,729 1,546 1,909 2,248 2,248 2,375
1,358 1,050 1,444 2,123 1,772 1,587
2,094 1,635 1,762 2,346 2,161 2,883

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 (10,823) (6,608) (4,276) 233 9,267 7,744 |
(12,783) (7,607) (5,136) (450) 8,714 8,713 |
62,685 57,096 72,237 96,906 114,529 132,032 |
(75,468) (64,703) (77,373) (97,356) (105,815) -123,319 |
(950) (2,421) (2,461) (3,168) (1,430) -3,110 |
7,006 5,766 7,460 8,691 9,620 10,710 |
(7,956) (8,187) (9,921) (11,859) (11,050) -13,820 |
(4,401) (3,028) (4,564) (4,834) (6,229) -7,336 |
1,357 753 456 395 295 281 |
(5,758) (3,781) (5,020) (5,229) (6,524) -7,617 |
7,311 6,448 7,885 8,685 8,212 9,477 |
7,715 6,801 8,222 9,213 8,667 10,027 |
(404) (353) (337) (528) (455) -550 |
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
12,341 6,755 6,201 6,490 8,729 -283 |
9,279 6,900 7,100 6,569 7,168 6,944 |
(578) (71) 2,370 1,460 1,990 1,460 |
… … … … … …
3,640 (74) (3,269) (1,539) (429) -8,687 |
(1,045) (9,022) (3,690) (5,574) (6,129) -6,904 |
473 (8,875) (1,765) 1,149 11,867 557 |
(473) 8,875 1,765 (1,149) (11,867) -557 |
… … … … … …

63.2 53.9 49.1 56.1 58.6 61.8 |

76.1 61.0 52.6 56.4 54.1 57.7 |
-12.9 -7.2 -3.5 -0.3 4.5 4.1 |
-1.0 -2.3 -1.7 -1.8 -0.7 -1.5 |
-10.9 -6.2 -2.9 0.1 4.7 3.6 |
0.5 -8.4 -1.2 0.7 6.1 0.3 |

24,176 16,803 12,926 14,046 26,113 26,287

286 356 460 506 540 394
23,882 16,027 12,054 13,128 25,161 25,481
0 0 0 0 0 0
8 420 413 411 412 413

16,977 17,941 18,932 20,828 20,828 21,036

16,302 17,065 18,613 20,510 20,828 20,933

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 26,498 32,773 45,022 54,317 62,250 66,249
22,099 27,413 37,560 43,040 49,416 53,595
22,099 27,381 32,805 37,062 40,485 43,549
– 31 4,755 5,978 8,932 10,047
4,204 4,783 6,932 10,781 12,350 12,169
195 578 529 496 484 485

27.5 32.3 31.6 32.4 32.9 32.1

83.4 83.6 83.4 79.2 79.4 80.9
15.9 14.6 15.4 19.8 19.8 18.4
2.0 2.3 2.4 3.9 3.6 3.2

772 917 1,055 3,080 3,302 3,313

466 477 699 905 1,025 1,092
131 56 90 168 162 151

2.4 1.2 2.3 2.3 1.7 1.8

28.0 27.9 23.2 26.7 24.9 25.2
7.9 7.8 7.7 7.8 6.5 6.8
31.7 42.3 30.0 28.9 34.4 35.3

117,585 132,290 151,414 155,973 155,523 164,297

18,322 23,651 21,554 20,390 21,475 24,114
79,641 81,655 82,331 83,109 83,616 84,543
(5,101) (6,975) (2,789) (9,806) (14,644) (15,318)
217,120 239,357 257,248 261,809 263,337 276,065

1.06 1.04 1.25 1.16 1.06 1.07

0.21 0.22 0.23 0.22 0.20 0.20

… … 22.4 20.7 21.7 22.6

… … 23.6 21.9 22.9 23.9

0.2 0.7 1.1 0.1 0.8 0.9

10 6 7 5 4 10

173,880 409,196 651,751 … … …

575 294 60 … … …

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 353.7 1,814.6 988.0 … … …

… … … … … …

… … … … … …
… … 1.6 2.0 2.5 0.8
39.3 37.0 34.6 36.3 37.9 37.4
4.1 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.0 3.9

ted States dollars; cif = cost, insurance, and

Wh = kilowatt-hour; L = liter; MJ = megajoule;

by the State Bank of Viet Nam.

the 54th edition of the Key Indicators of Asia

rrently working with IMF to convert its 2020-

al (sixth edition).

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
sed 30 June 2024).

June 2024).

bank.org/source/international-debt-statistics#

d 30 June 2024).

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019

91.20 92.23 93.25 94.29 95.39 96.48

276 278 282 285 288 291
1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2
33.2 33.5 33.7 33.9 34.2 35.0

54.0 54.3 54.5 54.8 55.4 55.8

53.0 53.1 53.3 53.7 54.3 54.7
24.5 23.1 22.2 21.5 20.4 18.8
0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2
7.7 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 11.3

0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

3.2 3.3 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.6
6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.3 7.3
1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0
2.3 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.7
0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5
0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3
5.8 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.3 6.2
1.2 1.2 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.8
1.0 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1
1.9 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0
0.9 0.4 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.7
77.5 77.4 77.3 76.9 77.0 76.8
82.1 82.4 82.4 82.0 82.4 81.9
73.2 72.6 72.5 72.0 71.8 71.8

4,937,032 5,191,324 5,639,401 6,293,905 7,009,042 7,707,200

734,648 751,430 779,267 813,794 862,580 908,257
326,960 220,782 187,961 206,361 246,236 231,037
1,005,734 1,088,106 1,211,809 1,424,130 1,637,815 1,833,290
138,286 162,205 184,901 214,852 242,447 281,882
22,545 25,306 27,844 30,677 34,892 38,767
249,176 282,488 311,380 351,416 399,886 451,516
432,280 474,414 518,743 577,450 641,081 720,032
243,872 255,872 285,975 307,396 346,807 387,361
140,086 150,436 164,540 185,010 203,010 226,488

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 184,870 203,273 221,553 238,919 258,756 281,613
214,365 232,142 251,571 276,885 305,144 338,245
222,113 233,942 253,298 270,030 281,504 301,096
115,841 125,604 134,933 145,196 156,322 168,261
74,548 80,680 87,631 95,162 104,124 114,498
108,014 116,121 125,384 135,090 150,631 165,981
145,123 165,180 187,401 215,562 245,998 281,431
66,861 73,731 98,718 137,035 157,131 172,751
32,170 35,056 38,360 43,033 47,357 52,097
34,540 37,511 41,539 45,309 48,996 53,496

5,731 6,414 7,092 7,912 8,916 9,798

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
4,497,761 4,720,693 5,119,898 5,721,220 6,379,632 7,017,898
439,271 470,631 519,503 572,684 629,411 689,302
(187,068) (263,440) (310,224) (380,236) (357,574) (387,195)
4,749,964 4,927,884 5,329,177 5,913,669 6,651,468 7,320,006

14.9 14.5 13.8 12.9 12.3 11.8

35.3 34.3 34.1 35.4 36.5 36.8
40.9 42.2 42.9 42.6 42.2 42.5

4,937,032 5,191,324 5,639,401 6,293,905 7,009,042 7,707,200

3,324,329 3,633,280 3,898,821 4,288,217 4,683,637 5,118,113
2,814,953 3,080,149 3,312,415 3,650,335 4,000,543 4,379,853
… … … … … …
509,376 553,131 586,406 637,883 683,093 738,260
1,495,379 1,666,878 1,789,074 2,033,265 2,244,260 2,464,760
1,402,349 1,566,572 1,685,835 1,922,458 2,126,648 2,340,104
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
93,030 100,306 103,239 110,806 117,612 124,656
… … … … … …
3,436,104 3,785,661 4,179,207 5,146,055 5,917,276 6,563,266
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
3,249,157 3,737,305 4,021,018 4,985,878 5,624,089 6,130,818
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
(69,623) (157,190) (206,683) (187,755) (212,042) (308,121)
5,006,655 5,348,514 5,846,084 6,481,659 7,221,084 8,015,321
56% 58% 57% 56% 55% 55%
30% 31% 31% 31% 31% 31%
10% 10% 10% 10% 9% 9%

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 69% 71% 71% 79% 82% 82%
65% 70% 69% 77% 78% 76%

57.0 59.3 58.7 58.0 57.1 56.8

10.3 10.7 10.4 10.1 9.7 9.6
30.3 32.1 31.7 32.3 32.0 32.0
1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.6
69.6 72.9 74.1 81.8 84.4 85.2
65.8 72.0 71.3 79.2 80.2 79.5
-1.4 -3.0 -3.7 -3.0 -3.0 -4.0

3,455,392 3,696,826 3,944,144 4,217,875 4,532,739 4,866,316

478,005 489,989 498,092 513,874 535,022 549,292
197,754 211,057 195,201 178,822 174,241 172,939
649,609 709,281 788,296 883,885 985,359 1,079,902
97,672 108,209 120,653 131,874 141,930 154,452
16,528 18,347 19,833 21,504 23,921 26,010
200,904 222,441 244,685 265,972 289,820 314,571
279,602 302,026 326,128 352,414 381,685 419,206
177,306 192,249 211,222 227,811 248,680 273,069
101,370 105,731 112,383 122,385 131,241 143,000
178,650 195,621 212,680 227,631 245,560 266,045
157,761 169,613 182,952 197,476 213,693 232,841
155,011 159,596 165,919 172,562 180,753 188,867
86,159 92,099 98,628 105,756 112,950 120,530
57,988 61,975 66,552 71,281 77,513 83,898
77,880 82,459 87,226 91,319 95,154 99,103
106,264 113,851 121,968 130,128 139,080 148,873
37,419 40,116 43,063 45,958 49,166 52,397
25,854 27,793 29,855 32,062 34,378 37,098
24,938 26,403 28,130 30,016 31,725 33,662

3,857 4,107 4,400 4,726 5,049 5,368

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
3,110,530 3,332,962 3,557,866 3,807,455 4,096,920 4,401,121
344,862 363,864 386,278 410,420 435,820 465,195
… … … … … …
… … … … … …

6.4 7.0 6.7 6.9 7.5 7.4

3.2 2.5 1.7 3.2 4.1 2.7
6.2 9.2 7.8 8.3 9.0 8.2
7.3 7.0 7.5 7.1 7.5 8.1

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 3,455,392 3,696,826 3,944,144 4,217,875 4,532,739 4,866,316
2,330,719 2,532,216 2,685,583 2,872,656 3,061,596 3,269,611
1,977,461 2,151,280 2,290,037 2,454,920 2,624,309 2,808,536
353,258 380,936 395,546 417,736 437,286 461,075
1,152,974 1,263,995 1,388,647 1,530,910 1,653,605 1,777,370
1,085,937 1,192,359 1,311,595 1,449,312 1,568,735 1,689,199
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
67,038 71,636 77,052 81,598 84,870 88,172
… … … … … …
2,504,913 2,852,242 3,166,102 3,712,366 4,167,255 4,427,126
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
2,595,318 3,003,390 3,342,662 3,951,330 4,329,537 4,539,710
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
62,103 51,763 46,474 53,273 (20,179) (68,081)

3,393,289 3,645,063 3,897,670 4,164,601 4,552,917 4,934,398

6.03% 7.42% 6.93% 6.85% 9.32% 8.38%

6.3 8.8 6.4 7.2 6.9 7.0

2.2 7.8 3.8 5.6 4.7 5.4
9.1 9.6 9.9 10.2 8.0 7.5
12.6 13.9 11.0 17.3 12.3 6.2
13.4 15.7 11.3 18.2 9.6 4.9

1,495,379 1,666,878 1,789,074 2,033,265 2,244,260 2,464,760

1,621,994 1,457,357 1,605,492 1,816,262 2,168,050 2,414,982
1,612,703 1,558,044 1,740,580 2,005,688 2,325,405 2,589,087
(187,068) (263,440) (310,224) (380,236) (357,574) (387,195)
196,359 162,753 175,137 190,810 200,219 213,090

32.7 30.0 30.9 31.9 33.2 33.6

32.9 28.1 28.5 28.9 30.9 31.3
30.3 32.1 31.7 32.3 32.0 32.0

54,132 56,288 60,476 66,753 73,482 79,881

52,081 53,431 57,149 62,721 69,733 75,868

233,407.5 239,426.7 257,116.2 281,298.4 310,052.8 334,308.3

224,563.5 227,276.7 242,972.2 264,304.2 294,235.1 317,513.3

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 2,559.2 2,596.0 2,757.3 2,983.5 3,250.5 3,464.9

98.5 100.7 100.8 102.6 106.1 105.7

102.4 107.1 93.2 | 93.6 97.8 100.9
108.7 110.5 111.3 | 114.5 112.2 110.4

17,392 18,746 17,230 15,518 13,969 13,090

9,306 9,486 6,850 6,806 3,961 3,976
704 182 435 1,181 5,177 7,776
… … … … … …

41,086 41,664 38,735 38,409 42,384 47,158

7,265 1,748 1,243 2,229 2,388 1,143
3,096 6,927 13,199 14,677 22,856 43,770
… … … … … …

10,210 10,660 10,610 9,866 10,010 10,200

259,127 157,723 117,580 90,938 193,691 217,980
782,705 538,418 494,691 711,265 844,626 898,528
… … … … … …

140,237 157,949 175,745 191,593 209,181 227,423

98,144 92,499 91,886 83,942 88,989 181,125
142,704 142,847 135,536 109,041 170,869 187,782
… … … … … …

32,396 24,373 22,681 26,291 28,113 26,435

21,633 14,803 11,424 13,956 16,993 16,287

104.1 100.6 102.7 103.5 103.5 102.8 |

104.0 101.5 102.4 98.9 103.2 104.1 |
103.7 102.2 102.2 101.5 101.4 102.0 |
104.3 103.3 102.1 101.1 101.5 101.7 |
103.7 98.4 102.5 104.3 103.3 103.0 |
103.0 102.0 101.1 101.0 101.2 101.4 |
105.4 102.1 128.5 142.3 110.8 103.8 |
101.6 88.1 92.7 106.8 106.4 99.0 |

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 99.6 100.3 99.3 99.4 99.3 99.3 |
102.4 101.6 101.5 100.9 101.3 101.8 |
110.2 106.5 106.3 109.1 106.3 105.7 |
… … … … … …
104.0 102.9 102.2 102.1 102.4 102.7 |
104.7 100.7 103.0 103.0 104.2 103.8 |
103.4 101.1 102.7 98.9 104.1 104.8 |
104.5 102.5 102.4 102.2 101.9 102.3 |
105.0 104.0 102.0 101.1 102.7 103.0 |
103.8 98.4 101.5 103.3 105.1 104.5 |
103.3 103.3 101.9 101.3 102.4 102.2 |
135.4 100.6 127.5 132.7 104.1 104.1 |
101.4 89.2 94.0 106.9 105.0 99.0 |
99.9 100.4 99.7 99.9 98.2 97.1 |
103.8 102.7 102.6 101.5 103.6 103.8 |
104.4 107.5 111.2 108.8 107.7 109.4 |
… … … … … …
103.2 103.5 102.6 102.1 102.6 102.5 |
133.1 132.4 131.5 135.2 139.4 141.2
142.9 140.4 143.0 149.2 154.6 158.4

4.1 0.6 2.7 3.5 3.5 2.8 |

4.0 1.5 2.4 -1.1 3.2 4.1 |
3.3 -0.6 -0.6 2.8 3.1 1.3
3.7 -1.7 1.8 4.4 3.6 2.4

1,240,196 1,456,114 1,713,832 1,982,009 2,174,033 2,456,665

624,832 726,559 851,441 977,907 1,085,018 1,198,095
615,364 729,555 862,391 1,004,102 1,089,015 1,258,570
3,939,021 4,563,495 5,411,969 6,212,699 7,037,815 8,117,060
5,179,216 6,019,609 7,125,801 8,194,708 9,211,848 10,573,725
825,954 836,057 948,545 1,264,353 1,539,963 2,131,034
4,479,804 5,381,433 6,306,619 7,102,175 7,851,794 8,583,037
530,128 688,516 731,566 556,115 472,956 256,802
3,949,676 4,692,917 5,575,053 6,546,060 7,378,838 8,326,235

(126,542) (197,880) (129,363) (171,819) (179,909) (140,346)

17.7 16.2 18.4 15.0 12.4 14.8

104.9 116.0 126.4 130.2 131.4 137.2

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5
6.4 5.6 6.1 6.2 6.5 6.8
7.2 6.3 6.8 6.9 7.1 7.3

893,430.6 1,015,773.0 1,099,370.0 1,231,422.0 1,363,868.0 1,496,315.0

763,177.3 822,498.0 903,544.0 1,017,558.0 1,142,018.0 1,242,767.0
261,601.0 264,074.0 261,966.0 300,759.0 351,504.0 387,803.0
47,851.0 56,723.0 65,235.0 78,775.0 94,364.0 109,406.0
213,750.0 207,351.0 196,731.0 221,984.0 257,140.0 278,397.0
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
45,726.0 70,531.0 101,097.0 127,138.0 149,716.0 155,798.0
360,247.3 388,578.0 444,356.0 493,294.0 554,014.0 602,223.0
95,603.0 99,315.0 96,125.0 96,367.0 86,784.0 96,943.0
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
11,050.0 11,844.0 8,378.0 7,580.0 7,780.0 5,133.0
119,203.3 181,431.0 187,448.0 206,284.0 214,070.0 248,415.0
802,204.8 893,481.0 938,429.0 980,037.0 1,039,504.0 1,101,338.0
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
66,738.0 82,022.0 86,783.0 97,728.0 106,584.0 107,065.0
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
735,466.8 811,459.0 851,646.0 882,309.0 932,920.0 994,273.0
91,225.8 122,292.0 160,941.0 251,385.0 324,364.0 394,977.0
91,225.8 122,292.0 160,941.0 251,385.0 324,364.0 394,977.0

336,947.0 379,004.0 355,595.0 370,587.0 390,677.0 418,135.0

336,947.0 379,004.0 355,595.0 370,587.0 390,677.0 418,135.0
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
1,139,151.8 1,272,485.0 1,294,024.0 1,350,624.0 1,430,181.0 1,519,473.0
-245,721.2 -256,712.0 -194,654.0 -119,202.0 -66,313.0 -23,158.0
-178,983.2 -174,690.0 -107,871.0 -21,474.0 40,271.0 83,907.0

… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 … … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …

18.1 19.6 19.5 19.6 19.5 19.4

15.5 15.8 16.0 16.2 16.3 16.1
1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4
4.3 4.0 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.6
23.1 24.5 22.9 21.5 20.4 19.7
-5.0 -4.9 -3.5 -1.9 -0.9 -0.3
-3.6 -3.4 -1.9 -0.3 0.6 1.1

150,217 162,017 176,581 215,119 243,697 264,267

147,849 165,776 174,978 213,215 237,242 253,697
2,368 (3,759) 1,602 1,903 6,455 10,571

13.8 7.9 9.0 21.8 13.3 8.4

12.0 12.1 5.6 21.9 11.3 6.9

145,863 193,329 213,925 254,303 239,222 259,384

28,656 33,475 38,473 41,550 47,538 61,332
14,906 16,568 21,950 35,394 41,410 41,463
7,144 8,915 11,406 14,807 18,239 19,735
14,704 14,100 14,671 16,792 18,844 20,334
5,203 6,959 6,088 7,574 7,977 7,154
3,769 4,760 6,012 7,099 7,086 6,879
5,185 5,707 5,961 6,354 6,875 6,551
2,460.9 2,469.7 2,687.2 3,756.3 6,545.3 6,672.8
3,476 3,178 3,691 4,801 5,454 5,304
3,652 4,645 4,898 5,415 5,780 5,757

144,778 171,633 182,226 220,574 232,542 249,013

43,868 49,441 50,038 58,533 65,516 75,472
21,736 27,579 32,193 46,943 47,582 47,021
12,909 14,182 15,098 16,917 19,041 19,540
11,085 10,943 11,242 12,710 13,231 15,152
6,284 7,793 8,712 9,343 12,747 14,434
7,119 8,270 8,855 10,702 12,043 11,663
4,193 4,185 5,174 5,945 7,450 7,334
2,497 2,738 2,992 3,656 4,937 5,720
2,058 2,022 2,442 3,200 3,751 4,456
3,132 2,655 2,746 3,955 4,147 4,528

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 8,617 (1,643) 878 (1,627) 6,933 12,475
12,126 7,182 10,876 10,646 16,182 20,972
150,217 162,017 176,581 215,119 243,697 264,267
138,091 154,835 165,705 204,473 227,515 243,295
(3,950) (4,123) (3,839) (3,806) (2,288) (945)
11,050 12,580 13,961 14,878 18,060 20,422
15,000 16,703 17,800 18,684 20,348 21,367
(8,844) (12,203) (14,144) (16,994) (15,818) (16,795)
323 399 650 745 1,615 2,237
9,167 12,602 14,794 17,739 17,433 19,032
9,285 7,501 7,985 8,528 8,857 9,243
10,022 8,586 9,125 10,031 10,869 11,609
737 1,085 1,140 1,503 2,012 2,366
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
… … … … … …
5,571 967 10,726 19,691 8,466 18,971
8,050 10,700 11,600 13,620 14,902 15,670
93 (65) 228 1,819 3,021 2,998
… … … … … …
(2,572) (9,668) (1,102) 4,252 (9,457) 303
(5,813) (5,356) (3,214) (5,520) (9,368) (8,192)
8,375 (6,032) 8,390 12,544 6,031 23,254
(8,375) 6,032 (8,390) (12,544) (6,031) (23,254)
… … … … … …

64.3 67.7 68.7 76.5 78.6 79.0

59.2 64.7 64.5 72.7 73.4 72.8
5.2 3.0 4.2 3.8 5.2 6.3
-1.7 -1.7 -1.5 -1.4 -0.7 -0.3
3.7 -0.7 0.3 -0.6 2.2 3.7
3.6 -2.5 3.3 4.5 1.9 7.0

34,575 28,616 36,906 49,497 55,868 78,810

386 366 378 422 415 475
33,801 27,879 36,167 48,693 55,074 77,955
0 0 0 0 0 0
388 371 360 383 378 380

21,246 21,890 22,159 22,425 22,825 23,155

21,148 21,698 21,935 22,370 22,602 23,050

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 74,734 81,825 90,484 109,893 112,622 122,496
60,674 69,398 77,341 87,547 92,599 97,663
46,373 49,206 51,487 56,220 56,619 55,824
14,301 20,192 25,854 31,327 35,980 41,839
13,604 11,991 12,720 21,898 19,585 24,397
456 436 423 448 438 435

33.3 36.0 37.2 41.6 38.3 38.6

81.2 84.8 85.5 79.7 82.2 79.7
18.2 14.7 14.1 19.9 17.4 19.9
4.2 3.9 4.1 6.3 7.3 6.1

5,414 5,023 5,912 11,611 15,225 13,607

1,260 1,617 1,556 2,208 2,930 2,935
169 185 251 571 742 702

2.0 1.2 1.6 1.8 2.3 2.0

21.8 24.7 27.6 23.2 24.3 23.6
6.4 6.2 6.8 5.5 4.9 4.8
29.7 37.8 38.4 30.4 26.4 28.3

180,699 201,513 222,029 229,877 286,139 341,717

22,760 24,916 24,225 24,488 25,027 24,699
84,503 83,621 82,496 81,975 81,799 80,654
(14,464) 7,232 22,688 … … …
291,458 313,934 333,618 342,192 399,801 454,890

1.11 0.61 0.59 0.56 0.81 0.92

0.21 0.22 0.23 0.22 0.26 0.29

20.1 20.5 22.4 20.1 20.1 20.9

21.2 21.6 23.6 21.3 21.3 22.1

0.6 1.2 1.1 1.1 0.8 1.7

3 5 8 9 7 8

… … … … … 359
… … … … … 5

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 … … … … … 2.3

… … … … … …

… … … … … …
0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1
36.7 27.8 26.8 28.3 24.3 20.4
4.1 3.5 3.7 3.6 3.9 4.1

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 2020 2021 2022 2023

97.58 98.51 99.47 100.31

295 297 300 300
1.1 1.0 1.0 0.8
36.8 37.1 37.5 38.1

54.8 | 50.6 51.7 52.4

53.6 | 49.1 50.6 51.3
17.7 | 14.3 13.9 13.8
0.2 | 0.2 0.2 0.2
11.3 | 11.2 11.8 12.0

0.3 | 0.3 0.3 0.3

4.7 | 4.5 4.6 4.7
7.3 | 7.2 7.9 7.8
2.0 | 1.9 1.9 2.0
2.7 | 2.5 2.7 2.9
0.3 | 0.3 0.3 0.3
0.5 | 0.5 0.5 0.5
0.3 | 0.3 0.4 0.4
6.3 | 5.9 6.1 6.4
1.3 | 1.4 1.1 1.0
1.2 | 1.5 1.1 1.1
2.2 | 3.0 2.1 2.1
-1.7 | -7.7 2.3 1.3
74.4 | 67.7 68.0 68.9
79.9 | 74.2 74.2 75.1
69.0 | 61.5 62.2 63.1

8,044,386 8,487,476 9,548,738 10,221,815

1,018,049 1,069,685 1,141,602 1,222,579
192,840 211,380 279,818 253,062
1,926,409 2,075,983 2,347,039 2,441,252
313,806 334,679 378,615 409,337
40,458 42,953 46,656 49,981
482,294 508,601 593,139 640,717
771,379 796,390 921,249 1,005,257
386,955 377,905 444,867 502,564
181,550 146,744 215,901 254,817

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 291,248 305,437 332,137 354,381
357,697 401,678 456,074 501,319
308,691 309,642 332,727 364,119
181,369 190,424 203,506 219,873
94,340 78,706 105,242 123,147
175,492 184,763 192,711 209,522
309,032 328,757 359,276 400,966
194,415 275,350 255,459 265,757
51,401 47,262 55,561 64,316
51,053 47,823 59,559 69,142

10,439 10,835 11,494 12,874

… … … …
… … … …
7,338,915 7,744,996 8,732,632 9,364,980
705,470 742,480 816,106 856,835
(343,888) (434,227) (463,435) …
7,700,498 8,053,249 9,085,303 …

12.7 12.6 12.0 12.0

36.7 37.4 38.2 37.1
41.8 41.3 41.3 42.5

8,044,386 8,487,476 9,548,738 10,221,815

5,264,720 5,525,696 6,084,451 6,484,379
4,502,207 4,712,164 5,231,354 5,579,533
… … … …
762,512 813,532 853,097 904,846
2,567,421 2,792,006 3,109,842 3,267,071
2,435,664 2,634,076 2,939,578 3,108,027
… … … …
… … … …
131,757 157,930 170,264 159,044
… … … …
6,787,981 7,965,513 8,957,827 8,911,044
… … … …
… … … …
6,344,146 7,878,552 8,591,754 8,090,247
… … … …
… … … …
(231,591) 82,813 (11,629) (350,432)
8,275,976 8,404,663 9,560,367 10,572,247 Chi tiêu hộ gia đình (C) là
54% 56% 55% 53% 60% Luôn chiếm hơn 50% GD
31% 33% 33% 31% 33% Ổn định, đóng vai trò nền
9% 10% 9% 9% 8% Từ bảng số liệu, giai đoạ
58%.
Các thành phần còn lại:
Đầu tư (I) chiếm khoảng
Chi tiêu chính phủ (G) da
_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
Xuất khẩu (X) chiếm tỷ tr
#

Việt Nam là quốc gia đôn

 Chi tiêu hộ gia đình (C) là
Luôn chiếm hơn 50% GD
Ổn định, đóng vai trò nền
Từ bảng số liệu, giai đoạ
58%.
82% 95% 94% 84% 72%
Các thành phần còn lại:
77% 94% 90% 77% 74% Đầu tư (I) chiếm khoảng
Chi tiêu chính phủ (G) da
56.0 55.5 54.8 54.6 Xuất khẩu (X) chiếm tỷ tr
Việt Nam là quốc gia đôn
9.5 9.6 8.9 8.9 Quá trình đô thị hóa, tăng
31.9 32.9 32.6 32.0 chính.
1.6 1.9 1.8 1.6 Trong bối cảnh khủng ho
=> Chi tiêu hộ gia đình (C
84.4 93.9 93.8 87.2 Nam, thể hiện vai trò trun
78.9 92.8 90.0 79.1
-2.9 1.0 -0.1 -3.4

5,005,756 5,133,589 5,550,617 5,830,725 2,981,604

565,987 586,989 607,391 630,675 392,646
161,404 151,254 159,503 154,447 151,958
1,133,812 1,194,642 1,292,536 1,339,350 588,048
165,041 173,519 186,035 193,093 87,116
27,107 28,402 30,356 31,929 18,237
337,050 335,104 362,604 388,199 181,105
443,630 447,703 493,853 537,429 262,828
275,968 268,048 300,956 328,586 141,232
112,770 90,102 126,938 142,478 79,508
283,316 296,379 318,116 332,836 169,150
250,243 274,746 301,106 319,896 139,218
190,637 193,085 205,028 205,205 127,509
128,074 134,225 142,556 151,749 83,586
70,516 58,910 77,307 87,193 49,739
101,957 107,156 111,043 116,930 66,584
157,984 164,017 173,366 181,111 105,177
57,825 81,541 75,342 77,473 41,163
36,541 33,336 38,925 43,843 25,590
31,151 28,762 34,062 37,527 23,769

5,539 5,679 5,907 6,203 4,096

… … … … #DIV/0!
… … … … #DIV/0!
4,536,553 4,653,599 5,042,931 5,306,151 3,756,873
469,203 479,991 507,686 524,574 401,147
… … … … #DIV/0!
… … … … #DIV/0!
12.0

2.9 2.6 8.1 5.0 6.4

10.0
3.0 3.7 3.5 3.8 3.4
4.4 3.2 7.9 3.7 7.4
8.0
2.0 1.7 10.1 6.8 6.9
Đơn vị tính %

6.0
_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#

4.0
 10.0

8.0

Đơn vị tính %
5,005,756 5,133,589 5,550,617 5,830,725 6.0
3,286,000 3,368,418 3,607,299 3,734,237
2,819,208 2,880,398 3,101,612 3,210,447 4.0
466,792 488,021 505,687 523,790
1,850,454 1,911,196 2,014,456 2,096,854 2.0
1,758,456 1,807,701 1,909,294 1,996,739
… … … … 0.0
1 2 3 4 5
… … … …
91,998 103,495 105,162 100,115
… … … …
4,606,983 5,289,081 5,501,514 5,361,851 Agricu
… … … … Nhận xét
… … … …
4,688,784 5,469,536 5,536,661 5,297,038
… … … … - Biểu đồ thể hiện tăng trưởng GDP
… … … … công nghiệp (Industry), và dịch vụ (S
(48,898) 34,429 (35,992) (65,179) - Nhìn vào biểu đồ 1, ta thấy đường
- Trong ba khu vực, dịch vụ và công
hầu hết các năm.
5,054,653 5,099,160 5,586,608 5,895,904
- Nhìn vào biểu đồ 2,3, 4, ta thấy đư
2.44% 0.88% 9.56% 5.54% nghiệp có độ dốc lớn nhất, đường x
- Thu nhập nhóm ngành công nghiệ
0.4 2.2 7.7 3.5 nhóm ngành công nghiệp với giá trị
đặc biệt tăng mạnh vào các năm nh
1.2 4.5 3.6 3.6 - Ngành dịch vụ (Services) có mức t
4.1 3.3 5.4 4.1 8%.
4.1 14.8 4.0 -2.5 - Ngành nông nghiệp (Agriculture) c
năm.
3.3 16.7 1.2 -4.3 Hai sự kiện ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọn
- Khủng hoảng bắt đầu từ thị trường
mại quốc tế, sản xuất và việc làm. G
2,567,421 2,792,006 3,109,842 3,267,071 (~5.3%). Ngành công nghiệp chịu ản
xuống rõ rệt trong 2008–2009. Ngàn
2,655,243 2,766,611 3,131,486 … đỡ. Nông nghiệp ít chịu tác động hơ
2,779,666 2,961,780 3,464,286 … - Dịch COVID-19 bùng phát cuối 201
xuất, du lịch đình trệ, tiêu dùng giảm
(343,888) (434,227) (463,435) …
động nặng nề nhất, do giãn cách xã
219,464 239,058 130,635 … mạnh năm 2020. Ngành công nghiệ
hồi nhanh ở một số lĩnh vực. Mặc dù
vực nông nghiệp vẫn duy trì được m
thế mạnh về sản xuất nông nghiệp v
34.6 34.9 36.3 …
33.0 32.6 32.8 …
31.9 32.9 32.6 …

82,437 86,163 95,992 101,903

78,913 81,755 91,333 …

346,606.3 366,460.4 410,215.8 429,773.3

331,789.3 347,712.0 390,306.6 …

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 3,551.9 3,720.2 4,123.8 4,284.5

107.6 113.2 114.2 …

92.5 94.3 105.5 96.1
104.8 105.9 107.7 101.3

11,470 10,970 10,840 10,496

4,657 3,125 2,775 2,813
11,745 10,040 10,202 11,188
… … … …

44,598 52,459 54,431 49,810

910 1,812 1,199 807
54,812 36,376 31,704 51,159
… … … …

9,160 7,460 8,080 7,817

116,653 218,485 187,531 162,720
833,417 1,371,622 1,538,583 1,545,654
… … … …

235,410 244,864 258,791 267,176

150,153 89,754 143,894 76,279
173,217 89,685 171,715 244,680
… … … …

26,183 32,963 38,929 36,376

12,200 15,403 23,642 20,484

103.2 101.8 103.1 103.3

110.0 100.7 102.6 103.4
101.5 101.8 103.2 103.3
100.8 100.9 101.6 102.2
101.8 101.8 103.1 106.6
101.1 100.7 102.0 102.1
102.2 100.2 100.4 101.2
88.8 110.5 111.3 97.5

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 99.4 99.2 99.6 99.2
98.8 99.1 103.1 102.5
104.1 101.9 101.7 107.4
… … … …
102.9 101.5 102.4 104.6
102.7 101.8 103.4 102.0
109.4 100.2 103.7 103.1
101.8 101.7 102.4 103.4
99.8 100.6 101.2 101.7
102.4 103.7 103.3 101.9
101.5 100.6 100.9 100.8
102.2 100.2 100.4 100.3
89.3 109.9 111.0 98.3
98.3 99.0 99.7 99.2
96.9 97.6 106.2 100.9
102.6 100.8 99.9 105.9
… … … …
101.8 100.5 102.2 104.7
140.3 144.4 150.5 149.2
160.7 165.3 172.0 175.3

3.2 1.8 3.1 3.3

10.0 0.7 2.6 3.4
-0.6 2.9 4.2 -0.9
1.5 2.9 4.1 1.9

2,941,368 3,528,607 3,265,640 3,784,491

1,337,921 1,519,726 1,352,910 1,425,567
1,603,447 2,008,881 1,912,730 2,358,924
9,169,238 9,873,490 10,961,291 12,214,465
12,110,606 13,402,097 14,226,931 15,998,956
2,641,592 2,736,696 2,360,612 2,782,881
9,647,461 10,859,989 12,104,399 13,749,675
354,156 311,508 79,947 80,497
9,293,305 10,548,481 12,024,452 13,669,179

(178,447) (194,589) (238,079) (533,600)

14.5 10.7 6.2 12.5

150.5 157.9 149.0 156.5

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.2
6.2 5.0 7.2 5.4
6.8 5.5 6.6 6.9

1,479,361.0 … … …
1,199,741.0 … … …
386,146.0 … … …
115,150.0 … … …
270,996.0 … … …
… … … …
… … … …
175,060.0 … … …
559,897.0 … … …
78,638.0 … … …
… … … …
… … … …
4,808.0 … … …
274,812.0 … … …
1,131,720.0 … … …
… … … …
… … … …
… … … …
106,466.0 … … …
… … … …
… … … …
… … … …
1,025,254.0 … … …
347,641.0 … … …
347,641.0 … … …

575,060.0 … … …
575,060.0 … … …
… … … …
… … … …
… … … …
1,706,780.0 … … …
-227,419.0 … … …
-120,953.0 … … …

… … … …
… … … …
… … … …

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 … … … …
… … … …
… … … …

18.4 … … …
14.9 … … …
1.4 … … …
3.4 … … …
21.2 … … …
-2.8 … … …
-1.5 … … …

282,629 336,167 371,715 354,671

262,791 332,970 359,575 326,374
19,838 3,197 12,140 28,297

6.9 18.9 10.6 -4.6

3.6 26.7 8.0 -9.2

277,271 330,432 364,262 344,472

77,151 96,390 109,112 95,642
49,095 56,201 58,465 61,478
19,143 21,965 24,188 22,814
19,268 20,108 24,038 23,448
10,448 11,990 10,908 9,536
7,006 7,674 10,410 10,201
6,645 7,295 8,966 7,448
5,238.4 6,275.5 7,869.0 7,691.5
4,859 5,984 7,029 6,861
4,957 5,738 6,052 6,072

258,784 324,833 350,869 315,335

84,374 109,825 117,700 105,054
46,873 56,076 61,939 51,212
20,345 22,565 23,312 22,260
16,695 20,760 22,560 17,664
13,758 15,021 14,439 14,890
10,966 12,561 14,051 11,930
6,604 8,125 9,087 7,581
5,433 7,531 9,599 10,158
4,670 7,887 10,125 10,119
4,488 6,961 7,094 6,090

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 15,060 (8,150) 1,404 25,090
30,708 15,672 29,400 43,963
282,629 336,167 371,715 354,671
251,921 320,495 342,315 310,708
(10,287) (15,395) (13,903) (9,465)
7,600 5,262 13,526 19,594
17,887 20,657 27,429 29,059
(14,817) (18,749) (19,728) (22,463)
1,428 982 2,321 4,551
16,245 19,731 22,049 27,014
9,456 10,322 5,635 13,055
11,427 13,568 12,287 16,112
1,971 3,246 6,652 3,057
… … … …
… … … …
… … … …
8,485 30,837 9,470 (2,842)
15,420 15,283 15,226 20,050
(1,256) 281 1,512 (1,189)
… … … …
(5,679) 15,273 (7,268) (21,703)
(6,913) (8,398) (33,619) (16,640)
16,632 14,290 (22,745) 5,608
(16,632) (14,290) 22,745 (5,608)
… … … …

81.5 91.7 90.6 82.5

72.7 87.5 83.4 72.3
8.9 4.3 7.2 10.2
-3.0 -4.2 -3.4 -2.2
4.3 -2.2 0.3 5.8
4.8 3.9 -5.5 1.3

95,452 109,963 87,131 …

618 591 591 …
94,436 107,437 84,693 …
0 0 0 0
398 1,935 1,846 1,883

23,131 23,145 23,612 23,866

23,208 23,160 23,271 23,787

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 129,479 139,853 146,627 …
102,422 104,633 106,583 …
55,651 51,375 46,465 …
46,771 53,258 60,118 …
26,604 33,233 38,154 …
453 1,987 1,890 …

39.0 40.3 37.7 …

79.1 74.8 72.7 …
20.5 23.8 26.0 ..
5.9 6.1 6.8 ..

14,389 18,780 23,491 20,233

2,020 1,595 2,017 3,905
702 326 686 …

0.3 1.3 0.6 …

33.6 24.8 31.3 …
8.7 5.5 3.9 …
57.4 36.4 48.3 …

355,323 … … …
26,833 … … …
79,619 … … …
… … … …
470,578 … … …

1.14 1.09 … …

0.30 0.28 … …

… … … …

… … … …

1.4 1.0 0.9 1.3

11 8 8 …

… … … …
… … … …

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 … … … …

… … … …

… … … …
0.2 1.4 8.8 …
18.9 24.2 … …
4.0 3.9 … …

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
Chi tiêu hộ gia đình (C) là chỉ tiêu quan trọng nhất trong phương pháp chi tiêu, vì:
Luôn chiếm hơn 50% GDP qua các năm.
Ổn định, đóng vai trò nền tảng của cầu nội địa.
Từ bảng số liệu, giai đoạn 2000–2023, tỷ trọng chi tiêu hộ gia đình luôn chiếm từ 53% đến 60% GDP, với mức trung bình ~56–
58%.
Các thành phần còn lại:
Đầu tư (I) chiếm khoảng 30–33%.
Chi tiêu chính phủ (G) dao
_x000D_ động ~9–10%,
INTERNAL. kháisthấp.
This information accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
Xuất khẩu (X) chiếm tỷ trọng lớn nhưng không phản ánh chính xác đóng góp ròng vì bị trừ đi bởi nhập khẩu (M).
#

Việt Nam là quốc gia đông dân (~100 triệu người) → quy mô tiêu dùng nội địa rất lớn.
Chi tiêu hộ gia đình (C) là chỉ tiêu quan trọng nhất trong phương pháp chi tiêu, vì:
Luôn chiếm hơn 50% GDP qua các năm.
Ổn định, đóng vai trò nền tảng của cầu nội địa.
Từ bảng số liệu, giai đoạn 2000–2023, tỷ trọng chi tiêu hộ gia đình luôn chiếm từ 53% đến 60% GDP, với mức trung bình ~56–
58%.
Các thành phần còn lại:
Đầu tư (I) chiếm khoảng 30–33%.
Chi tiêu chính phủ (G) dao động ~9–10%, khá thấp.
Xuất khẩu (X) chiếm tỷ trọng lớn nhưng không phản ánh chính xác đóng góp ròng vì bị trừ đi bởi nhập khẩu (M).
Việt Nam là quốc gia đông dân (~100 triệu người) → quy mô tiêu dùng nội địa rất lớn.
Quá trình đô thị hóa, tăng thu nhập, tầng lớp trung lưu mở rộng → làm cho tiêu dùng hộ gia đình trở thành động lực tăng trưởng
chính.
Trong bối cảnh khủng hoảng toàn cầu hay suy giảm xuất khẩu, C vẫn giữ ổn định, giữ vai trò trụ đỡ cho GDP.
=> Chi tiêu hộ gia đình (C) là yếu tố quyết định và quan trọng nhất trong tăng trưởng GDP theo phương pháp chi tiêu của Việt
Nam, thể hiện vai trò trung tâm của tiêu dùng nội địa trong thúc đẩy kinh tế.

Biểu đồ 1: Biểu đồ tăng tưởng GDP giai đoạn 2000 - 2023

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23

Axis Title

Agriculture Industry Services GDP Linear ( GDP)

hể hiện tăng trưởng GDP (%) của Việt Nam theo từng năm, cùng với đóng góp từ ba nhóm ngành chính: nông nghiệp (Agriculture),
ệp (Industry), và dịch vụ (Services).
biểu đồ 1, ta thấy đường xu hướng GDP qua các năm (từ 2000-2023) có xu hướng giảm nhẹ và dài hạn
khu vực, dịch vụ và công nghiệp đóng góp tỷ trọng lớn hơn nông nghiệp, và cũng có mức tăng trưởng cao hơn nông nghiệp trong
ác năm.
biểu đồ 2,3, 4, ta thấy đường xu hướng của từng nhóm ngành đều có xu hướng giảm, trong đó, đường xu hướng ngành công
độ dốc lớn nhất, đường xu hướng của ngành nông nghiệp có độ dốc nhỏ nhất
p nhóm ngành công nghiệp có đóng góp nhiều nhất trong GDP (7.4%, trong đó ngành sản xuất chế tạo đóng góp nhiều nhất trong
nh công nghiệp với giá trị bình quân là 588.048 tỷ đồng). Đồng thời đây là nhóm có tốc độ tăng trưởng cao nhất và biến động rõ rệt,
ng mạnh vào các năm như 2004, 2007, 2018.
ch vụ (Services) có mức tăng trưởng ổn định và tương đối cao so với các ngành khác, mức tăng có xu hướng dao động quanh 6–

ông nghiệp (Agriculture) có xu hương tăng trưởng thấp hơn rõ rệt so với hai ngành còn lại, dao động quanh mức 2–4% qua các

n ảnh hưởng nghiêm trọng đến GDP Việt Nam trong giai đoạn 2000 - 2023 vào năm 2007 và năm 2019
oảng bắt đầu từ thị trường tài chính Mỹ năm 2007, lan rộng toàn cầu năm 2008, ảnh hưởng mạnh đến hoạt động đầu tư, thương
ế, sản xuất và việc làm. GDP Việt Nam giảm rõ rệt từ 2007 (trên 8%) xuống còn khoảng 6.2% năm 2008 và tiếp tục giảm năm 2009
Ngành công nghiệp chịu ảnh hưởng mạnh nhất, do xuất khẩu sụt giảm, đơn hàng sản xuất giảm sút. Đường biểu đồ công nghiệp đi
ệt trong 2008–2009. Ngành dịch vụ cũng bị chững lại, nhưng không giảm mạnh như công nghiệp, do tiêu dùng nội địa vẫn còn lực
nghiệp ít chịu tác động hơn, giữ mức tăng trưởng ổn định nhờ ít liên kết trực tiếp với thị trường tài chính toàn cầu.
VID-19 bùng phát cuối 2019, ảnh hưởng rõ từ 2020, với các đợt phong tỏa, giãn cách, chuỗi cung ứng bị đứt gãy. Nội địa hóa sản
ch đình trệ, tiêu dùng giảm. GDP tụt xuống mức rất thấp năm 2020 (~2.9%), mức thấp nhất trong hơn 20 năm. Ngành dịch vụ bị tác
g nề nhất, do giãn cách xã hội làm tê liệt các ngành lưu trú, ăn uống, vận tải và du lịch. Biểu đồ cho thấy tăng trưởng dịch vụ giảm
m 2020. Ngành công nghiệp có giảm nhưng vẫn giữ được mức dương, nhờ duy trì sản xuất hàng hóa thiết yếu và xuất khẩu phục
ở một số lĩnh vực. Mặc dù tốc độ tăng trưởng không cao và ít biến động, nhưng trong các giai đoạn khủng hoảng hay đại dịch, khu
nghiệp vẫn duy trì được mức tăng trưởng ổn định, thể hiện vai trò là trụ đỡ quan trọng của nền kinh tế Việt Nam – một quốc gia có
về sản xuất nông nghiệp và được xem là vựa lúa của khu vực.

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
c trung bình ~56–

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
M).
#
c trung bình ~56–

M).

ng lực tăng trưởng

.
chi tiêu của Việt

Biểu đồ 2: Tỷ trọng khu vực nông nghiệp trong GDP th

9.0

8.0

7.0

6.0
Đơn vị tính %

5.0

4.0

3.0

2.0

1.0

0.0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Năm
_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 2.0

1.0

0.0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Năm

GDP Agriculture

Biểu đồ 3: Tỷ trọng khu vực công nghiệp trong GDP th

19 20 21 22 23 24 25
12.0

10.0
Linear ( GDP)
8.0
Đơn vị tính %
6.0

g nghiệp (Agriculture),
4.0

ơn nông nghiệp trong

2.0
ướng ngành công
0.0
óp nhiều nhất trong 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 201
ất và biến động rõ rệt, Năm
dao động quanh 6–
GDP Industry
ức 2–4% qua các

ng đầu tư, thương

ếp tục giảm năm 2009 Biểu đồ 3: Tỷ trọng khu vực công nghiệp tr
ểu đồ công nghiệp đi
g nội địa vẫn còn lực 12.0
cầu.
gãy. Nội địa hóa sản
Ngành dịch vụ bị tác 10.0
rưởng dịch vụ giảm
và xuất khẩu phục
ảng hay đại dịch, khu 8.0
m – một quốc gia có
Đơn vị tính %

6.0

4.0

2.0

0.0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201

Nă

GDP Ser

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
 0.0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 201

Nă

GDP Ser

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
g nghiệp trong GDP thực giai đoạn 2000 - 2023

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Năm
_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Năm

Agriculture Linear ( Agriculture)

g nghiệp trong GDP thực giai đoạn 2000 - 2023

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Năm

Industry Linear ( Industry)

khu vực công nghiệp trong GDP thực giai đoạn 2000 - 2023

06 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Năm

GDP Services Linear ( Services)

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
06 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023

Năm

GDP Services Linear ( Services)

_x000D_ INTERNAL. This information is accessible to ADB Management and staff. It may be shared outside ADB with appropriate permission.
#
Nông nghiệp
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing
Công nghiệp
Mining and quarrying
Manufacturingc
Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning
supply; water supply;
sewerage, waste management, and
remediation activities
Construction
Dịch vụ
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor
vehicles and motorcycles
Transportation and storaged