STD – 8 SOCIAL SCIENCE
CHAPTER 6
READING MAPS
1. Different types of maps?
- Political map
-Military map
-Historical map
-Astronomical map
-Weather map
-Land use map
2. Write down the use of different types of maps?
Types of maps Use
- Political map For understanding the political
boundaries.
-Military map For military purposes.
-Historical map For the study of history.
-Astronomical map For the study of celestial bodies.
-Weather map For meteorological studies.
-Land use map For understanding the landuse.
3. What is thematic maps?
-Maps depicting specific themes (subjects) are known as thematic maps.
Example:-
River map,
Road map,
Soil map,
Physiographical map
4. What are classification of maps based on its function?
-Based on function, maps can be classified into two. They are
-Physical map
-Cultural maps
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5. What is Physical maps?
Maps representing natural features are called physical maps.
Example:-
• Soil map
• Climatic map
• Natural vegetation map
• Astronomical map
• Weather map
• Physiography map
6. What is Cultural maps?
Maps representing man-made features are called cultural maps.
Example:-
• Political map
• Agricultural map
• Industrial map
• Military map
• Land use map
• Historical map
7. Table - Physical maps and Cultural maps?
Physical maps Cultural maps
• Soil map • Political map
• Climatic map • Agricultural map
• Natural vegetation map • Industrial map
• Astronomical map • Military map
• Weather map • Land use map
• Physiography map • Historical map
8. Explain the classification of maps based on scale.
-Small scale maps. Example:- Atlas maps, Wall maps.
9. What is small scale maps, explain the features of small scale maps.
-Maps showing only the important information of larger areas are called small
scale maps.
-Larger areas such as the world, continents, countries, and states are to be
depicted in a small scale maps.
-Only a little information can be depicted in a small scale maps.
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10. What is large scale maps, explain the features of large scale maps.
-Maps representing detailed information of a small area are called large
scale maps.
-The area to be depicted in large scale map is comparatively small region like
a ward or village.
-More information can be included in large scale maps.
11. Cadastral maps?
-Cadastral maps are prepared to record the boundaries and ownership details of
land properties such as fields, buildings, etc.
-These maps are used to assess the land tax and to indicate the ownership.
-Example village map.
12. Topographical maps?-Topographical maps show both natural and man-made
features in detail.
-Detailed information on relief, topography, rivers, forests, agricultural lands,
towns, means of transport and communication, settlements, etc. are included
in topographical maps.
-Topographical maps are prepared based on comprehensive land surveys.
13. What are the factors required for the reading of maps?
-Scale,
-Direction,
-Signs and symbols are the factors required for the reading of maps.
14. What are three different methods to show the scale in the maps
-Statement of scale - 1 cm to 5 km
-Representative fraction - 1:500000
-Linear scale - km km
5 0 5 10
15. Statement of scale – features
-1 cm to 5 km. This method of representing the scale is the statement of scale.
-Easy to understand.
-From this we can easily understand that one centimetre on the map represents
5 km on earth.
-The merit of this method is that even a layman can easily understand this.
16. Representative fraction- features
-Representative fraction is the ratio between the map distance and
corresponding ground distance expressed in fractional form.
-The statement of scale 1cm to 5 kilometres, can be represented as 1:500000 in
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representative fraction.
-This proportionate distance can be read in accordance with the units followed
in each country.
-The units used for measuring distance are different in different countries.
-In India we follow centimetre, metre, kilometre, etc. whereas units like inch,
mile, and furlong are followed in the European countries.
-So the people of other countries can ease to interpret the maps prepared on
Indian units.
17. Linear scale – features
-km km - This is linear scale
5 0 5 10
-When a map is subjected to enlargement or reduction, the linear scale will
also change accordingly.
-This is the merit of linear scale.
18.How to measure distances on a maps?
-To measure straight distance, a ruler can be used.
-If it is a curved distance such as a river or a curved path, first measure the
distance using a thread and then measure the length of the thread
-Then the map distance should be multiplied with the proportionate ground
distance shown in the map scale
-Suppose the scale of the map is 1cm to 5km and the distance from place A to
B in the map is 5 cm. The actual distance from A to B = 5 x5km =25km
19.What should be done to find the actual distances?
-The map distance should be multiplied with the proportionate ground distance
shown in the map scale
-Eg: Scale of the map is 1cm to 10km. Suppose the distance from A to B in the map
is 5 cm.
-Then the actual distance from A to B = 5 x10km =50km
20.Name the agency responsible for making, scrutinising, and
publishing maps in our country.
-The Survey of India
22.Symbols used for easy identification of directions in maps
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23.Use the indicator of direction as shown in the following map identify the location
of the cities in the map
City Direction
• Srinagar • North
• Thiruvananthapuram • South
• Kolkata • East
• Gujarat • West
• Lucknow • Northeast
• Visakhapatnam • Southeast
• Jaipur • Northwest
• Panaji • Southwest
24. Why internationally accepted signs and symbols are used for making maps?
-Map reading will be confusing if different countries use different signs and symbols
for map making.
-That is why internationally accepted signs and symbols are used for making maps.
25.Table showing the conventional colours, signs and symbols used in maps
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Features Signs and symbols
Natural vegetation Green
Farmland Yellow
Settlements, roads Red
Railway line, latitudes and longitudes, Black
telephone lines
Water bodies Blue
Rock outcrops, sand dunes, hills Brown
• Metalled road
• Railway line
• Stream
• River
• Church
• Temple
• Mosque
• Settlement
Post Office
PO
Well
Police Station
PS
Fort
Bridge
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Pond
Tube well
Graveyard
ALL THE BEST
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