SOAL.

TOEFL

1. Because the colors of pastel crayons - - - - - - - penetrate paper, they are easily rubbed off or blurred.

and do not

do they not

C.they do not

do not

2. Each trade, sport, profession, and science typically has it own specialized vocabulary,- - - - - - - jargon.

is called

which it is called

which is called

which called

3. Arthur Miller’s Pulitzer prizewinning play, Death of a Salesman, overturned - - - - - - by portraying the
life of an ordinary person in tragic terms.

classical notions of tragedy

classical notions are tragic

tragic and classical notions and

classical notions the tragedy of it

4. Not only - - - - - - of an opera cast be vocally gifted, but they also must be able to act convincingly.

the members must

must the members

and the members must

when must the members

the atmosphere saturated

saturated the atmosphere

saturation of the atmosphere

the atmosphere is saturated

6. In instruments such as oboes and organ reed pipes, a vibrating reed causes the column of air in the
pipe - - - - - -- - -.

to vibrate

vibrates

and to vibrate

it vibrates

7. Developed in the 1930’s, the sturdily built steel bathysphere was - - - - - - - designed for the purpose of
deep-sea exploration.

the first modern system

how the first modern systems

the first modern system was

a modern system that first

8. Most sand - - - - - from the chemical and mechanical weathering of bedrock.

originally

originates

that has originated

originating
9. The average rate for a resting heart is 70 beats per minute, but - - - - - - - wide variations among
individuals.

are

since

it is

there are

10. - - - - - - saves expenditure on scarce raw materials, slows down the depletion of nonrenewable
resources, and helps to reduce pollution.

recycling

when recycling

they are recycling

recycle

11. The chair is an everyday piece of furniture - - - - - - -was reserved for persons of high authority

that in early civilizations

in that early civilizations

early that in civilizations

civilizations that in early

12. Hypoglycemia is a condition - - - - - - concentration of glucose in the blood falls to an abnormally low
level.

the

of the

in which the

such as the
13. - - - - - - - Native Americans of the Great Lakes area who were known for carving a wide variety of
small wood objects for religious or everyday use.

The

Although the

When the

It was the

14. Studies - - - - - -urban and rural precipitation have concluded that the amount of precipitation over a
city is ten percent greater than over the nearby countryside.

comparing

compared

that they compare

when comparison of

15. Few sciences have contributed more to the philosophical and physical basis of contemporary
American society- -- - - - - -.

than biology

is biology

as biology

does biology

16. Modern societies are such complex that they could not exist without a well-developed system of
law.

such

exist

without

system
17. Paleontologists have examined fossil embryos and hatchlings from three type of duck-billed
dinosaurs to figure out how they matured.

have examined

from

type

figure out

18. Twenty minutes of vigorous exercise every day is very effect in helping a person to maintain physical
fitness.

vigorous

effect

helping

maintain

19. Through experiments with marine organisms, marine biologists can increase our knowledge of
human reproductive and development as well as our understanding of the nervous system.

Through

can increase

reproductive

understanding

20. First used as a bass accompaniment, the cello became a solo instrument because its expressive tone.

First used

the cello

because its
21. It may be argued that genetics, the study of heredity and variation, underwent the most rapid
development of any science biological in the twentieth century.

study

underwent

most rapid

science biological

22. Nickel is a hard, silvery white metal used mainly in alloys with another metals to improve their
strength and corrosion resistance.

white metal

another

strength

corrosion resistance

23. The Progressive Movement is an umbrella term refer to a number of reform efforts that emerged in
the early 1990s.

refer

a number

efforts that

early 1990s

24. When swollen by melting snow or heavy rain, some rivers routinely overflow its banks.

When swollen

melting

routinely

its
25. Some species of bacteria and fungi thrive on such simply compounds as alcohol.

Some

bacteria

simply

as

26. Of all the inner planet in the solar system, Mercury is the smallest in size and nearest to the Sun.

planet

the smallest

in size

and

27. There were once only eight major lakes or reservoirs in Texas, but today there are over 180, many
built to storing water against periodic droughts.

were once

today

many

to storing

28. Because of the need to maintain the correct balance of salts and minerals in the water, keeping
saltwater fish in aquariums requires more work that keeping freshwater fish.

of the need

and

keeping

that
29. While models of automobiles date back as far as the late 1600s, the 1880s seen the first commercial
interest in the vehicle.

While

back

seen

interest

30. The two basic types of pianos in use today are upright pianos, with vertical strings, or grand pianos,
with horizontal ones.

The two

in use

or

ones

31. The camera obscura, a lensless precursor of the photographic camera, consists of a darkened
chamber, with light pass into it through a single tiny hole.

consists

darkened

pass

through

32. Rain is slight acidic even in unpolluted air, because carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and other
natural acid-forming gases dissolve in the water.

slight

because

and other

dissolve
33. The invention of reinforced concrete, plate glass, and steel in the mid- 1800s was enabled architects
to design and build extremely tall constructions, or “skyscrapers.”

was enabled

to design

extremely tall

or

34. Through his essays, poems, and lecturers, Ralph Waldo Emerson established himself as a major
thinker of his time and as a figure leading of American Literature.

Through

himself

and as

figure leading

35. Much of the work of the anthropologist Margaret Mead was devoting to a study of patterns of child
rearing in various cultures.

Much

the

devoting

child rearing

36. The feathers of birds not only protect skin from injury and conserve body heat, but also function in
flight, courtship, camouflage, and sensory perceptive.

not only

body heat,

function

perceptive
37. The huckleberry shrub produces dark berry, which are used to make jams and preserves.

produces

berry

make

preserves

38. Rocks form within Earth are called intrusive or plutonic rocks because the magma from which they
form often intrudes into neighboring rock.

form

because the

from which

neighboring

39. Mutiny of a ship’s crew against the captain signifies the breakdown of the obedience and discipline
required to deal effectively to perils at sea.

signifies

obedience

discipline

to

40. More than 800 major oil company have plants and offices in Tulsa, Oklahoma, the site of the
International Petroleum Exposition.

More than

company

have

the site