PHYSICS AN ALTERNATIVE APPROACH

Subjects : Physics GRAVITATION030725 Date : 03-07-2025

Total Marks : 160 Hours : 17H:48M

Physics - Section A ( MCQ )

1. T is the time period of simple pendulum on the earth's surface. Its time period becomes xT when taken to
a height R (equal to earth's radius) above the earth's surface. Then, the value of x will be: [ JEE MAIN 2023 ]
A) 4 B) 2 C) 1
D) 1

2 4

2. The orbital angular momentum of a satellite is L, when it is revolving in a circular orbit at height h from
earth surface. If the distance of satellite from the earth centre is increased by eight times to its initial value,
then the new angular momentum will be . . . . . . . . . . . . L [ JEE MAIN 2023 ]
A) 8 B) 4 C) 9 D) 3

3. If the earth suddenly shrinks to 1

th of its original volume with its mass remaining the same, the period of
64

rotation of earth becomes 24

x
h . The value of x is . . . . . . . [ JEE MAIN 2023 ]
A) 8 B) 4 C) 2 D) 16

4. The time period of a satellite, revolving above earth's surface at a height equal to R will be (Given
g = π m/s , R = radius of earth) [ JEE MAIN 2023 ]
2 2

A) √4R B) √8R C) √32R D) √2R

5. If V is the gravitational potential due to sphere of uniform density on it's surface, then it's value at the
center of sphere will be:- [ JEE MAIN 2023 ]
A) 3V
B) V C) 4
V D) V

2 3 2

6. The ratio of escape velocity of a planet to the escape velocity of earth will be:Given : Mass of the planet is 16
times mass of earth and radius of the planet is 4 times the radius of earth. [ JEE MAIN 2023 ]
A) 4 : 1 B) 2 : 1 C) 1 : √2 D) 1 : 4

7. A satellite is orbiting just above the surface of the earth with period T . If d is the density of the earth and G
is the universal constant of gravitation, the quantity represents : [ NEET 2023 ]
3π

Gd

A) √T B) T C) T
2
D) T
3

8. A planet takes 200 days to complete one revolution around the Sun. If the distance of the planet from Sun is
reduced to one fourth of the original distance, how many days will it take to complete one revolution [ JEE M
AIN 2024 ]
A) 25 B) 50 C) 100 D) 20

9. Four identical particles of mass m are kept at the four corners of a square. If the gravitational force exerted
2

on one of the masses by the other masses is ( , the length of the sides of the square is [ JEE MA
2√2+1 Gm
)
2
32 L

IN 2024 ]
A) L
B) 4 L C) 3 L D) 2 L
2

10. Match list-I with list-I I :

List-i List-2
(A) Kinetic energy of plant (1) −
GMm

(B) Gravaitatioin potentiyal energy of sun -plant system (2)

GMm

2a
 (C) Total mecaniacal energy of palnt (3)
Gm

(D) Escap energyat the surface of plant for unit mass object (4) −
GMm

2a

(Where a = radius of planet orbit, r = radius of planet, M = mass of Sun, m = mass of planet)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: [ JEE MAIN 2024 ]
A) (A) − I I , (B) − I , (C) − I V , (D) − I I I

B) (A) − I I I , (B) − I V , (C) − I , (D) − I I

C) (A) − I , (B) − I V , (C) − I I , (D) − I I I

D) (A) − I , (B) − I I , (C) − I I I , (D) − I V

11. Two planets A and B having masses m and m move around the sun in circular orbits of r and r radii
1 2 1 2

respectively. If angular momentum of A is L and that of B is 3L, the ratio of time period ( is: [ JEE MAI
TA
)
TB

N 2024 ]
A) r2
3

2
B) r1
3
C) 1 m2
3
D) m1
3

( ) ( ) ( ) 27( )
r2 27 m1 m2
r1

12. Two satellite A and B go round a planet in circular orbits having radii 4R and R respectively. If the speed of
A is 3v, the speed of B will be : [ JEE MAIN 2024 ]

A) 4
v B) 3v C) 6v D) 12v
3

13. An astronaut takes a ball of mass m from earth to space. He throws the ball into a circular orbit about earth
at an altitude of 318.5 km. From earth's surface to the orbit, the change in total mechanical energy of the
ball is x . The value of x is (take R = 6370 km ): [ JEE MAIN 2024 ]
GMe m

e
21Re

A) 11 B) 9 C) 12 D) 10

14. A spherically symmetric gravitational system of particles has a mass density

ρ0 for r ≤ R
ρ = {
0 for r > R

where ρ is a constant. A test mass can undergo circular motion under the influence of the gravitational
0

field of particles. Its speed V as a function of distance r(0 < r < ∞) from the centre of the system is
represented by [ IIT 2008 ]
A) B) C) D)

15. A planet of mass M , has two natural satellites with masses m and m . The radii of their circular orbits are
1 2

R and R respectively. Ignore the gravitational force between the satellites. Define v , L , K and T to
1 2 1 1 1 1

be, respectively, the orbital speed, angular momentum, kinetic energy and time period of revolution of
satellite 1 ; and v , L , K and T to be the corresponding quantities of satellite 2 . Given m /m = 2 and
2 2 2 2 1 2

R /R = 1/4, match the ratios in List-I to the numbers in List-I I .

1 2

List-I List-I I
v1 1
P 1
v2 8

L1
Q 2 1
L2

K1
R 3 2
K2

T1
S 4 8
T2
 [ IIT 2018 ]

A) P → 4; Q → 2; R → 1; P
S → B)
→ 3
3; Q → 2; R → 4; P
S → 1 C)
2; Q → 3; R → 1; S
P →
→42; Q → 3; R → 4; S → 1 D)
16. A planet of radius R =
1
× (radius of Earth) has the same mass density as Earth. Scientists dig a well of
10

depth on it and lower a wire of the same length and of linear mass density 10 kgm into it. If the wire
R

5
−3 −1

is not touching anywhere, the force applied at the top of the wire by a person holding it in place is (take the
radius of Earth = 6 × 10 m and the acceleration due to gravity on Earth is 10 ms ) [ IIT 2014 ]
6 −2

A) 96 N B) 108 N C) 120 N D) 150 N

17. A large spherical mass M is fixed at one position and two identical point masses m are kept on a line
passing through the centre of M (see figure). The point masses are connected by a rigid massless rod of
length ℓ and this assembly is free to move along the line connecting them. All three masses interact only
through their mutual gravitational interaction. When the point mass nearer to M is at a distance r = 3ℓ
from M , the tension in the rod is zero for m = k ( M

288
) . The value of k is

[ IIT 2015 ]
A) 7 B) 8 C) 9 D) 1

18. If earth has a mass nine times and radius twice to the of a planet P . Then √x ms will be the minimum
ve

3
−1

velocity required by a rocket to pull out of gravitational force of P , where v is escape velocity on earth. The
e

value of x is [ JEE MAIN 2023 ]

A) 2 B) 3 C) 18 D) 1

19. The radii of two planets A and B are R and 4R and their densities are ρ and ρ/3 respectively. The ratio of
acceleration due to gravity at their surfaces (g : g ) will be [ JEE MAIN 2023 ]
A B

A) 1 : 16 B) 3 : 16 C) 3 : 4 D) 4 : 3

20. Two identical particles each of mass m go round a circle of radius a under the action of their mutual
gravitational attraction. The angular speed of each particle will be [ JEE MAIN 2023 ]
A) √
Gm B) √
Gm C) √
Gm D) √
Gm

3 3 3 3
2a 8a 4a a

21. The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of earth is g. If the diameter of earth reduces to half of its
original value and mass remains constant, then acceleration due to gravity on the surface of earth would be
: [ JEE MAIN 2024 ]
A) g/4 B) 2 g C) g/2 D) 4 g

22. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A) : The angular speed of the moon in its orbit about the earth is more than the angular speed

of the earth in its orbit about the sun.

Reason (R): The moon takes less time to move around the earth than the time taken by the earth to move

around the sun.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below: [ JE
E MAIN 2024 ]
A) (A) સાચું છે પણ (R)એ સાચું નથી.

B) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A)

C) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A)
 D) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct
23. At what distance above and below the surface of the earth a body will have same weight, (take radius of
earth as R.) [ JEE MAIN 2024 ]
A) √5R − R B) √3R−R
C) R
D) √5R−R

2
2 2

24. The gravitational potential at a point above the surface of earth is −5.12 × 10 J/kg and the acceleration 7

due to gravity at that point is 6.4 m/s . Assume that the mean radius of earth to be 6400 km. The height of
2

this point above the earth's surface is : [ JEE MAIN 2024 ]

A) 1600 km B) 540 km C) 1200 km D) 1000 km

25. The mass of the moon is 1/144 times the mass of a planet and its diameter 1/16 times the diameter of a
planet. If the escape velocity on the planet is v, the escape velocity on the moon will be: [ JEE MAIN 2024 ]
A) v

3
B) v

4
C) v

12
D) v

26. A light planet is revolving around a massive star in a circular orbit of radius R with a period of revolution T .
If the force of attraction between planet and star is proportional to R then choose the correct option : [ J
−3/2

EE MAIN 2024 ]
A) T
2
∝ R
5/2
B) T
2
∝ R
7/2
C) T
2
∝ R
3/2
D) T
2
∝ R
3

27. A metal wire of uniform mass density having length L and mass M is bent to form a semicircular arc and a
particle of mass m is placed at the centre of the arc. The gravitational force on the particle by the wire is: [ JE
E MAIN 2024 ]
A) GMmπ

2
B) 0 C) GmMπ
2
D) 2GmMπ

2
2
2 L L L

28. A 90 kg body placed at 2R distance from surface of earth experiences gravitational pull of : ( R = Radius of
earth, g = 10 ms ) [ JEE MAIN 2024 ]
−2

A) 300 N B) 225 N C) 120 N D) 100 N

29. To project a body of mass m from earth's surface to infinity, the required kinetic energy is (assume, the
radius of earth is R , g = acceleration due to gravity on the surface of earth) : [ JEE MAIN 2024 ]
E

A) 2mgRE B) mgRE C) 1
mgRE D) 4mgRRE
2

30. A satellite of 10 kg mass is revolving in circular orbit of radius

3
2R . If
4
10 R
J energy is supplied to the
6

satellite, it would revolve in a new circular orbit of radius:

(use g = 10 m/s , R = radius of earth) [ JEE MAIN 2024 ]
2

A) 2.5R B) 3R C) 4R D) 4R

31. The minimum energy required to launch a satellite of mass m from the surface of earth of mass M and
radius R in a circular orbit at an altitude of 2R from the surface of the earth is: [ NEET 2024 ]
A) 2GmM
B) GmM
C) GmM
D) 5GmM

3R 2R 3R 6R

32. A rocket is launched normal to the surface of earth, away from the Sun, along the line joining the Sun and
the Earth. The Sun is 3 × 10 times heavier than the Earth and is at a distance 2.5 × 10 times larger than
5 4

the radius of the Earth. The escape velocity from Earth's gravitational field is ve = 11.2 km s s . The e
−1

minimum initial (v ) required for the rocket to be able to leave the Sun-earth system is closest to
s

(Ignore the rotation and revolution of the Earth and the presence of any other planet) [ IIT 2017 ]
A) V5 = 22 km s
−1
B) v5 = 42 km s
−1
C) v5 = 62 km s
−1
D) v5 = 72 km s
−1
33. A thin uniform annular disc (see figure) of mass M has outer radius 4R and inner radius 3R . The work
required to take a unit mass from point P on its axis to infinity is

[ IIT 2010 ]
A) 2GM
(4√2 − 5) B) −
2GM
(4√2 − 5) C) GM
D) 2GM
(√2 − 1)
7R 7R 4R 5R

34. A satellite is moving with a constant speed ' V ' in a circular orbit about the earth. An object of mass ' m ' is
ejected from the satellite such that it just escapes from the gravitational pull of the earth. At the time of its
ejection, the kinetic energy of the object is [ IIT 2011 ]
A) 1
mV
2
B) mV
2
C) 3
mV
2
D) 2mV
2

2 2

35. Consider a spherical gaseous cloud of mass density ρ(r) in free space where r is the radial distance from its
center. The gaseous cloud is made of particles of equal mass m moving in circular orbits about the common
center with the same kinetic energy K . The force acting on the particles is their mutual gravitational force. If
ρ(r) is constant in time, the particle number density n(r) = ρ(r)/m is :

[ G is universal gravitational constant] [ IIT 2019 ]

A) K
2 2
B) K
2 2
C) 3K

2 2
D) K
2 2
πI m G 6π m G π m G 2π m G

36. Two spherical planets P and Q have the same unfirom density ρ, masses M and M , an surface areas A p Q

and 4A, respectively. A spherical planet R also has unfirom density ρ and its mass is (M + M ). The p Q

escape velocities from the planets P , Q and R, are V , V and V respectivley. Then
P Q

(A) VQ > VR > VP

(B) VR > VQ > VP

(C) VR /VP = 3

(D) Vp /NQ =
1

2
[ IIT 2012 ]
A) (B, D) B) (B, C) C) (A, D) D) (C, D)

37. A bullet is fired vertically upwards with velocity v from the surface of a spherical planet. When it reaches its
maximum height, its acceleration due to the planet's gravity is 1/4 of its value at the surface of the
th

planet. If the escape velocity from the planet is v = v√N , then the value of N is (ignore energy loss due
esc

to atmosphere) [ IIT 2015 ]

A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

38. The distance between two stars of masses 3M and 6M is 9R. Here R is the mean distance between the
S S

centers of the Earth and the Sun, and M is the mass of the Sun. The two stars orbit around their common
S

center of mass in circular orbits with period nT , where T is the period of Earth's revolution around the Sun.
The value of n is. . . . . [ IIT 2021 ]
A) 4 B) 5 C) 8 D) 9

39. Two spherical stars A and B have densities ρ and ρ , respectively. A and B have the same radius, and
A B

their masses M and M are related by M = 2M . Due to an interaction process, star A loses some of
A B B A

its mass, so that its radius is halved, while its spherical shape is retained, and its density remains ρ . The A

entire mass lost by A is deposited as a thick spherical shell on B with the density of the shell being ρ . If v 4 A

and are the escape velocities from and after the interaction process, the ratio . The
vB 10n
vB A B = √
vA 1/3
15

value of n is. . . . . [ IIT 2022 ]

A) 2.30 B) 2.35 C) 2.40 D) 2.45
40. A particle of mass m is under the influence of the gravitational field of a body of mass M (≫ m). The
particle is moving in a circular orbit of radius r with time period T around the mass M . Then, the particle
0 0

is subjected to an additional central force, corresponding to the potential energy V (r) = mα/r , where α
c
3

is a positive constant of suitable dimensions and r is the distance from the center of the orbit. If the particle
moves in the same circular orbit of radius r in the combined gravitational potential due to M and V (r),
0 c

but with a new time period T , then (T − T ) /T is given by [ G is the gravitational constant.] [ IIT 2024
1
2

1
2

0
2

]
A) 3α

2
B) α

2
C) α

2
D) 2α

2
GM r 2GM r GM r GM r
0 0 0 0