CIT215 - INTRODUCTION TO PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES

A computer is not a useful device as an entity without a programming force

driving its operations.
True

A computer is not a useful device as an entity without a ____ force driving its
operations.
Programming

A computer is not a useful device as an entity without a programming ______

driving its operations.
Force

A computer is not a useful device as an entity without a programming force

driving its ______.
Operations

A complete a computer system is made up of the following:

 Hardware
 Operating System Software
 Application Software

A _____ is simply a device manipulated by a person.

Computer

A Computer is simply a ______manipulated by a person.

Device

A Computer is simply a device _______ by a person.

Manipulated

A complete functional Computer system consists of the _______ and software

Hardware

A complete functional Computer system consists of the hardware and ______

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Software

In fact, a better way of illustrating the above is as follows:

A _______ is a series of step-by-step instructions that provides a solution to a

particular problem and directs the computer on what to do exactly.
Program

A program is a series of step-by-step ______ that provides a solution to a

particular problem and directs the computer on what to do exactly.
Instructions

A program is a series of step-by-step instructions that provides a _____ to a

particular problem and directs the computer on what to do exactly.
Solution

A program is a series of step-by-step instructions that provides a solution to

a particular problem and _____ the computer on what to do exactly.
Directs

A program is a series of step-by-step instructions that provides a solution to

a particular problem and directs the _______ on what to do exactly.
Computer

A ___________ is a set of instructions

Program

A program is a ___________ of instructions

Set

A program is a set of ______

Instructions

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There are generally ______major types of programming
Two

There are generally two major types of programming: _____and Application

Programming
System Programming

There are generally two major types of programming: System Programming

and ______
Application Programming

There are generally two major types of programming: _______ and______

System Programming, Application Programming

There were time delays and errors by the human operators which
constituted most of the problems that led to the development of a Super-
Controller program called______
Operating System (OS)

An _____ is a collection of system programs that jointly controls the

operations of a computer system and its resources.
Operating System

There are ____________ types of programs that make up the Operating

System
Two

The programs that make up the Operating System are ____________ and
Processing Programs
Control Programs

The programs that make up the Operating System are Control Programs and
_____________
Processing Programs

The OS _____________ generally oversee the system operations skid carry out
tasks such as Input/Output (I/O), scheduling, communicating with the
Computer user or programmer and handling interrupts.
Control programs

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The OS ______________ are those that facilitate efficient processing
operations by simplifying program preparation and execution for you as a
user.
Processing programs

____________ is just a signal sent to the CPU indicating that an event 'hat
occurred.
An interrupt

The major processing programs existing in the OS include the following:

 Language Translators
 Linkage Editor
 Library Programs
 Utility Programs

The aims guiding the design of a good computer program include

 Reliability
 Maintainability
 Portability
 Readability
 Performance
 Memory Saving

A program should be easy for other programmers to read and understand.

True

A readable ___________ is easier to maintain.

Program

A readable program is easier to ____________

Maintain

A readable program is easier to maintain.

True

A program that doesn't carry out the expected tasks quickly and efficiently
has lost the _______________ aim.
Performance

A program that doesn't carry out the expected tasks quickly and efficiently
has lost the performance aim.
True

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A major aim in program design is that_____________
The program should execute quickly and efficiently too

The _____________ is expected to analyse the problem thoroughly in order to

understand what is required of its solution.
Programmer

Generally, if you describe a problem carefully at the beginning of the

programming process, your program will be better and might cost less to
develop.
True

One way of defining a problem is to do that in terms of the following:

 Input
 Output
 Processing

In defining a problem, ____________ represents the information requirements

of users of the program.
Output

______________ is the reason most of the times the programmer can simply
use a report generated by a program to design the corresponding input form
or interface.
Output

The process of dividing a program into parts or modules for easy

development and maintenance is called_____________
Modular Programming

There are __________ major aspects to develop a program logical flow

Two

The major aspects to develop a program logical flow are General Logic and
___________
Detailed Logic

The major aspects to develop a program logical flow are Detailed Logic and
____________
General Logic

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The major aspects to develop a program logical flow are ____________ and
_____________
General Logic and Detailed Logic

The _____flow design can be done by using a "Structure Chart" which shows
the major elements of the program and their relationships to each other.
general logic

The "general logic" flow design can be done by using a _____which shows the
major elements of the program and their relationships to each other.
Structure Chart

The "general logic" flow design can be done by using a ____________

Structure Chart

The "general logic" flow design can be done by using a ___________ chart
Structure

The ____________ flow design can be done by using a structure chart

General logic

This is simply the step-by-step operation of each block in your structure

chart. Below for example is a structure chart for a simple Payroll program:

HLL means____________
High Level Languages

Basic, Pascal or C++ are examples of____________

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High Level Languages

Program Testing involves the following processes

 Debugging
 Compiling
 Testing (in stages)

Errors in programs are called___________

Bugs

The process of removing errors in programs is called____________

Debugging

Compiling is one of the methods of translating a program.

True

There are various stages of testing which include

 Unit Testing
 Integration Testing
 System Testing
 User Testing

_____________ involves testing the separate components or modules as they

are being developed.
Unit Testing

Testing the separate components or modules as they are being developed is

known as___________
Unit Testing

_____________ involves testing the program as separate modules are put

together.
Integration Testing

______________ occurs when the whole program is being tested in its final
form to be ready for use.
System Testing

_____________ is when the user of the program tests the final program to see
whether it meets his or her needs.
User’s testing

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There is no good programming without_____________.
Documentation

There is no good programming without documentation.

True

_____________ is the documentation of all the work involved in the program

development.
Program Documentation

To speed up processing, the computer memory became useful to store

instructions as well as data. This development introduced what was known
as ____________ concept.
Stored-Program

The need to represent instructions in one form of code or the other gave
birth to the notion of Programming Language and the first form of these
codes became what is called the ____________
Machine Language (ML)

The two categories of Machine Language are _____and High-Level Language

Low-Level Language

The two categories of Machine Language are Low-Level Language and _____
High-Level Language

The two categories of Machine Language are _____

Low-Level Language and High-Level Language

_____________ is generally called the lowest- level language and it was the
first language available to computer programmers.
Machine Language

The following are the advantages of Machine Language

 Fast execution speed
 Storage Saving
 Programmer's full control of the Computer and its capabilities

The following are the disadvantages of Machine Language

 Difficult to learn
 Highly prone to errors

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  Totally machine-dependent

The lowest-level language is called____________

Machine Language

The next in the hierarchy of languages that is closer to the Machine

Language is the _____________
Assembly Language

_____________ was developed in the early 1950s to alleviate some of the

difficulties associated with the Machine Language.
Assembly Language

Assembly Language was developed in the early _____________

1950s

Symbolic names or _____________ were used to replace the binary code of the
Machine Language.
Mnemonics

A mnemonic means a____________.

Memory aid

The following are the advantages of the Assembly Language

 It is efficient in processing time and in the use of memory space
 It encourages Modular Programming, where programs are broken into
modules
 It provides an error listing which is useful in debugging.
 It is fast

The following are the disadvantages of the Assembly Language

 It is cumbersome in usage
 Assembly Language has one-to-one-relationship with machine
language
 Assembly Language is machine-dependent like the Machine Language

A _____________ language is one that can be used to solve a variety of

problem types.
general-purpose

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A ______________ language is one that can be used for specific types of
problems, such as a language called WPL (Word Processing Language)
developed by Apple for word processing.
special-purpose

A language called WPL (Word Processing Language) was developed by

_____for word processing.
Apple

Translators take the forms of the following:

 Interpreter
 Compiler
 Assembler

An _____________ converts the "source program" into machine language

Interpreter

A _____________ translates an entire program into machine language before

the execution of the program.
Compiler

A _____________translates the SOURCE program into another program called

the OBJECT program which is the machine language version of the source
code.
Compiler

A Compiler translates the ____________ program into another program called

the OBJECT program which is the machine language version of the source
code.
SOURCE

A Compiler translates the SOURCE program into another program called the
____________ program which is the machine language version of the source
code.
OBJECT

Generally, a compiled program runs faster than an interpreted program.

True

The basic characteristic layers of a simple 4GL include

 Database
 Data Communication

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  Data Processing
 End User Facilities (EUF)

_____________ is generally referred to as the first high- level language.

Fortran

The name ‘’ FORTRAN’’ is the short for _____

FORmula TRANslator

_____________ is a scientific-oriented and problem-oriented language.

Fortran

Fortran is a scientific-oriented and problem-oriented language.

True

Fortran was developed by an IBM (International Business Machines) group

led by John Backus in _____
1957

IBM is the acronym for____________

International Business Machines

The following are different versions of FORTRAN

 Fortran II in 1959
 Fortran IV in 1966
 Fortran 77 in 1977
 Fortran 90/95

BASIC is the acronym for____________

Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code

The most popular programming language is _____________

BASIC

____________ is an Education-oriented language developed in 1965 for use by

Colleges and Universities for instructional purposes.
BASIC

BASIC was developed in the year___________

1965

Pascal language was designed in __________

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1971

PASCAL programming language was developed by_____________

Blaise Pascal

_____________ is a French Mathematician and Philosopher and the inventor

of the first mechanical adding machine.
Blaise Pascal

C language was developed in conjunction with the _____________ operating

system
UNIX

The latest versions of the original C language are _____________

C++ and Visual C++

COBOL stands for _____________

Common Business Oriented Language

Common Business Oriented Language (COBOL) was developed in

____________
1960

PL/1 - Programming Language 1 was developed in___________

1964

LOGO was developed in__________

1966

Report Program Generator was developed in the _______

1970's

LIST Processor was developed in______

1960

HTML means_______
Hypertext Markup Language

SQL means____________
Structured Query Language

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A program belongs to a larger class of problem-solving techniques known as
____________
ALGORITHMS

An algorithm has to be expressed in a high- level language to qualify as a

program.
True

Complex problems that cannot be solved directly are usually simplified into
sub-problems and sub-goals until you obtain a sub-problem state that you
can solve directly. Such a problem solving method is called ____________
Stepwise Refinement

The assertions are classified as follows in association with algorithm

development
 Initial Assertion
 Final Assertion
 Invariant Assertion
 Pre-condition
 Post-condition

_____________ is the declaration or statement that precedes the first step of

an algorithm and it simply describes the initial problem state before the
execution of the associated algorithm.
Initial Assertion

_____________ is the assertion following the last step of an algorithm which

describes that goal state of the associated problem
Final Assertion

_____________ is an assertion that is true under the execution of a step in an

algorithm irrespective of the number of times the step is repeated (both
before and after the execution of the step).
Invariant Assertion

A _____________ is the assertion preceding a step of an algorithm.

Precondition

A _____________ is the assertion following an algorithm step

Post condition

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An ____________ is a prescribed set of well-defined rules or instructions for
the solution of a problem in a finite number of steps.
Algorithm

An algorithm is expected to satisfy the following criteria

 Input Criterion
 Output Criterion
 Precision Criterion
 Finiteness Criterion
 Efficiency or Effectiveness Criterion

The difficulty of solving computational problems measured in terms of some

resources employed during the computational process is called___________
Algorithm complexity

Below are the common forms of representing algorithms:

 Pseudocode
 Flowcharts
 Formulae

A ____________ is a logical representation of an algorithm using third

generation language (3 GL) style such as DO, WHILE, IF-THENELSE
Pseudocode

The general form for Pascal language Pseudocode

ALGORITHM name
DECLARE definitions and declarations
EXECUTE statements to be executed
END name

A Pascal Pseudocode is made up of __________blocks

Four

The following are the blocks in which Pascal Pseudocode is made up

 Algorithm Name
 Declarations
 Executable Statements
 End of algorithm

ANSI means____________

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American National Standards Institute

The types of flowcharts employed in programming include

 Data Flow Diagrams (DFD)
 System Flowcharts
 Forms Flowcharts
 Program Flowcharts
 Hierarchy or Structure Charts
 Hierarchy plus Input-Processing-Output (HIPO) Charts

The commonly used Data Flow Diagrams are

 Open-ended rectangle or Sinks
 Circles or Bubbles
 Arrows

The Sinks are as shown below

They signify files or other sources of information.

The Bubbles are as stated above circles:

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A ____________ is an operation or a procedure that transforms data.
Bubble

______________ states that "Every bubble falls between at least two data flow
arrows".
SANDWICH PRINCIPLE

System flowcharts are referred to as _____________

Device-Specific

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_____________ are simply employed to supply this information of how
documents and forms flow among the organizational units.

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Flowcharts

When all the agents are human, you call the system a _____________
MANUAL SYSTEM

When computers are employed to perform some procedures, the system is

called a_____________.
COMPUTERISED SYSTEM

______________ diagrams are the charts employed to depict the step-by-step

procedures to be used by a computer system to process data.
Logic or Block

_____________ generally make use of symbols that are assigned specific

meanings.
Flowcharts

Flowcharts generally make use of symbols that are assigned ____________

meanings.
Specific

ISO is an acronym for____________

International Standards Organisation

There are ___________ types of Program flowcharts

Two

Program flowcharts can be divided into two: Macro Flowchart

and____________
Micro Flowchart

A _____________ is the flowchart that outlines the general flow and major
segments of a program.
macro flowchart

A macro flowchart is also called the _____________

Modular program flowchart

Macro flowcharts are those called_____________

Block Diagrams

A ___________ flowchart shows the logic of the program in full detail

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Micro

A micro flowchart is also called a ____________

Detail Flowchart

______________ are diagrams that depict the procedures of an operation in a

hierarchical form.
Structure charts

The structured programming design is a programming tool developed in the

___________
1960s

______________ gives room for well-thought-out program logic and provides

an attempt to keep programs as simple and straight forward as possible.
Structured programming

Basically, structured programming employs ____________ and Top-Down

Principle
Modular Approach

Basically, structured programming employs Modular Approach and

______________
Top-Down Principle

The fundamental objectives of structured programming are as follows

 To increase programmer productivity
 To increase program clarity by reducing complexity
 To reduce program testing time
 To reduce program maintenance time and effort

_______ statement causes an unconditional branch from one part of the

program to another and an excessive use of such statements leads to
continuous changes in the program execution flow.
GO TO

The three basic logical patterns that characterize structured programming

include
 Sequence Structure
 Selection Structure
 Iterative Structure

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In which basic logical patterns are the steps executed one after another as
serial operations.
Sequential structure

Sequential structure is also called_____________

Sequential logic

This can be illustrated by the following flowchart:

The ____________ uses conditions and based by the computer after

comparison alternatives is selected.
Selection structure

The selection structure is also called_____________

Alternation structure or Conditional structure

The selection structures can be categorized as follows

 Single Alternation
 Double Alternation
 Multiple Alternation
 Single Alternation

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 Double Alternation

The structure is illustrated below:

Multiple Alternation

The structure is seen in the following flowchart using three conditions:

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BASIC stands for ____________
Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code

_____ was developed in the early 1960s by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz
BASIC

BASIC was developed in the early _____ by John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz
1960s

BASIC was developed in the early 1960s by _____and Thomas Kurtz

John Kemeny

BASIC was developed in the early 1960s by John Kemeny and _____
Thomas Kurtz

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BASIC was developed in the early 1960s by ______
John Kemeny and Thomas Kurtz

Examples of BASIC are the following

____________ is designed for Linux operating system

Gambas

Gambas is designed for ____________ operating system

Linux

IDE means____________
Integrated Development Environment

There are _____types of variables

Two

The two types of variables are namely: _____and String Variables

Numeric Variables

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The two types of variables are namely: Numeric Variables and _____
String Variables

The two types of variables are namely: _____

Numeric Variables and String Variables

Generally in BASIC, variable names must start with a letter and can be
followed with numbers or other letters
True

For example, a variable name can be as long as 40 characters (as in MS

QBasic). So, examples of variables names are Al, B3, AB4, JONH, REJ2, Y5,
and so on.

Variables that represent numbers are called____________

Numeric variables

The collections of characters are called ___________

String Variables

Examples of string variable names are therefore as follows: A$, JOHN$, B2$,
REJ$, etc

The Quick BASIC program is a DOS program usually shipped with

_____operating system.
MS-DOS

The ____________ statement is simply a comment statement that provides

information about the program or any of its segments to the programmer.
REM or REMark

The three commonly used methods of entering data into BASIC programs
are
 INPUT Statement
 LET or Assignment Statement
 READ/DATA Statement

A DATA statement can have one or several data items and each of the data
is known as a_____________.
Data Element

BASIC maintains what is called_____________.

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Data Pointer

The loop variable is also called the_____________.

INDEX variable

Data values which are not stored in the same memory locations but have
the same identifier are called ____________.
Subscripted Variables

A set of variables with the same name and different subscripts is called
an____________.
ARRAY

What is the flowchart symbol appropriate for the DIM statement?

The symbol is the Preparation Symbol

The ____________ statement is specifically used to transfer control to a

program SUBROUTINE
GOSUB

The GOSUB statement is specifically used to transfer control to a program

____________
SUBROUTINE

FORmula TRANslator was developed by ____________

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John Backus

FORmula TRANslator was developed by John Backus and his team between
____________
1953 and 1957

____________ is the first High-Level Language which was designed principally

for scientific and engineering environments.
Fortran

The following are compilers for Fortran 77 language

 Microsoft Fortran 77
 FORTE — Fortran Environment
 Fortransoft
 ProFortran
 WATFOR 77— Interpretive Fortran Version

The FORTRAN operators are classified as follows:

 Arithmetic Operators
 Relational Operators
 Logical Operators

An ____________ is a positive, negative or zero whole number without a

decimal point or commas.
Integer Constant

A _____________ is a positive, negative or zero number with a decimal point.

Real Constant

In Fortran, the ____________of a loop initiated by a DO statement is given by

a CONTINUE statement.
Terminator

In Fortran, the terminator of a loop initiated by a _________statement is

given by a CONTINUE statement.
DO

In Fortran, the terminator of a loop initiated by a DO statement is given by a

____________statement.
CONTINUE

The words INPUT and OUTPUT are in this context called the _____________.

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Program Parameters

There are __________ word symbols

Two

There two word symbols are: CONST and VAR

HTML simply stands for ___________

HyperText Markup Language

The network of sub-networks of computers across the world is

called____________
INTERNET

____________ pages are the standard interface to the Internet.

HTML

The inter-linked HTML pages were named the _____________

World Wide Web

The special programs written to view web pages are called ___________.
Web Browsers

The following are examples of Web Browsers

 Microsoft Internet Explorer
 Mozilla Firefox
 Netscape Navigator

Basically, ___________ means text stored in electronic form with cross-

reference links between pages.
Hypertext

Basically, Hypertext means text stored in ____________ form with cross-

reference links between pages.
Electronic

Basically, Hypertext means text stored in electronic form with cross-

reference links between___________.
Pages

HTML or web pages today may include the following:

 Text

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  Sound
 Video
 Animated Graphics
 Interactive Programs

_____________ can be animated on web pages.

Graphics

The links to direct visitors to a web page are generally called___________

Hyperlinks

The best way is to use ____________in other to get feedback from web pages
Forms

A ____________ consists of a set of slots into which website visitors can enter
some required information.
Form

ISP means___________
Internet Service Provider

____________ are used to divide websites into a set of separate areas each of
which can display a different file and be changed independently.
Frames

A ___________ is a collection of web pages

Website

A collection of web pages is called____________

Website

_____________ are larger pictures having a number of hyperlinks embedded

within them.
Image maps

____________ are little programs you can embed into your web pages to be
downloaded or run within the browsers of the page visitors.
Java applets

Now, look at a web page below:

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The above web page is a combination of text and animated graphics.
Especially the Clock graphic on the right hand side of the page is animated
to provide the current time and date. The web browser used in the figure
above is the Mozilla Firefox, a free browser.

TAGS are instructions to Web Bro how to do the following:

 How to lay out text

 What graphics to display and where
 What distant pages to link
 And a variety of other things

The Tag <HR> stands for____________

Horizontal Rule

The following need to be defined for you as major features that characterize
the VB programming environment:
 Project
 Form
 Controls
 Properties
 Code

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A ____________is a collection of files you create that makes up your Windows
application created by Visual Basic.
PROJECT

See examples of Project Explorer Windows below:

A _____________ is simply the window you create which includes the controls
and the code associated with that form.
FORM

An example of a form with three controls is seen below:

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_____________ are the programming tools such as boxes, labels, buttons
available on the Toolbox window which you place on your form to get input
or to display output.
Controls

The ____________ are the specifications of the initial values for your forms
and controls.
Properties

A ___________ is just the name given to the programming statements you

and associate with the controls on your form.
Code

An ___________ application is one that requires only a single data window

SDI

An ___________ application allows the opening of multiple data documents

within the same application.
MDI

SDI stands for____________

Single-Documented Interface

MDI means____________
Multiple-Documented Interface

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_____________ are Question-and-Answer dialog boxes that automate tasks.
Wizards

Wizards are ____________ dialog boxes that automate tasks.

Question-and-Answer

MATLAB simply stands for____________

MATrix LABoratory

MATLAB can be used for the following

 Mathematical computations
 Modeling and Simulation
 Algorithm Development
 Data Analysis and Visualization
 Scientific and Engineering Graphics
 Application Development

MATLAB is characterized by what are called____________.

TOOLBOXES

The available toolboxes in MATLAB are as follows:

 Simulation
 Optimization
 Neural Networks
 Signal Processing
 Fuzzy Logic
 Control Systems
 Wavelets

The MATLAB language has the following features:

 Control flow statements
 Functions
 Data structures
 Input/Output facilities
 Object-Oriented Programming

A _______ is a series of step-by-step instructions that provides a solution to a

particular problem and directs the computer on what to do exactly
PROGRAM

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An _______system is a collection of system programs that jointly controls the
operations of a computer system and its resources
Operating

Errors in programs are usually called _______

Bugs

_______ Language is generally called the lowest- level language

Machine

An ______ is a prescribed set of well-defined rules or instructions for the

solution of a problem in a finite number of steps
Algorithm

The ______ statement is simply a comment statement that provides

information about the program or any of its segments to the programmer.
REM

The _____ Programming is also called Backtracking programming

Path

The Path Programming is also called _____

Backtracking programming

A macro _________ is the flowchart that outlines the general flow and major
segments of a program
Flowchart

Programming by level is also called _______ programming technique

Top-down

A _________ is the name given to the programming statements you associate

with the controls on your form.
Code

_______testing involves testing the separate components or modules as they

are being developed
Unit

_______ testing involves testing the program as separate modules are put
together

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Integration

_______ testing occurs when the whole program is being tested in its final
form to be ready for use
System

The next in the hierarchy of languages that is closer to the Machine

Language is the ________ Language
Assembly

The binary code of the Machine Language is called _______

Symbolic names

A _______ translates an entire program into machine language before the

execution of the program
Compiler

A Compiler usually translates the SOURCE program into another program

called the _______ program which is the machine language version of the
source code
Object

The first high- level language is ___________

Fortran

______ is the most popular programming language.

Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code

The ________ programming language was developed in 1960 and suitable for
business applications
COBOL

A _________ is a logical representation of an algorithm using third generation

language (3 GL) style such as DO, WHILE, IF-then -else
Pseudocode

The full meaning of the acronym DFD is ______

Data Flow Diagrams

The full meaning of the acronym ANSI is __________

American National Standards Institute

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The __________ programming language has been fundamentally derived from
original C language
C++

The ______ programming language was designed by B. Stroustrup

C++

The C++ programming language was designed by ______

B. Stroustrup

________ are question and answer dialog boxes that automate tasks
Wizards

An__________ software is any program that is designed for the end user
Application

In computer networks, to ______ is to send data to a remote system such as

a server or another client
Upload

In computer Networks, to download is to receive data from a ______system

server
Remote

A sequence of instructions that is continually repeated until a certain

condition is reached is called a _______
Loop

The physical part of a computer system is known as a ________

Hardware

Programmer who works with high level languages and have better
understanding with applications are considered as ______
Application programmer

In high level programming language Pascal, each program statement ends

with a _______
semicolon

Which programming languages can be used to teach structured

programming?
FORTRAN

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Pascal programming language was developed in _______
1960s

Pascal is based on ______

structural language

Pascal is a __________
High – level language

In flow chart, diamond shaped symbol is used to represent _______

decision box

Symbol used in flowchart such as rectangle with the horizontal lines on two
sides is used for _______
predefined process

Program link with other parts of the program or connectors in flowchart are
represented by ________
circle

Part of algorithm which is repeated for the fixed number of times is

classified as _______
iteration

Method which uses a list of well - defined instructions to complete a task

starting from a given initial state from a given initial state to end state is
called _______
Algorithm

The chart that contains only function flow and no code is called as ________
Structure chart

Execution of two or more programs by a single CPU is known as _______

Multiprocessing

An Algorithm represented in the form of programming languages is

a_________
Program

GUI stands for ______

Graphical User Interface

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Terminal symbol in a flowchart indicates ____________
End

Pseudocode is used for ___________

To write program steps

______ is a pictorial representation of an algorithm

Flowchart

Pseudo code is also known as ______

Program Design Language

Which program planning tool allows the programmers to plan program logic
by writing program instruction in an ordinary language?
Pseudo code

HTML stands for ____________

Hypertext Markup language

The BODY tag is usually used after ______

HEAD tag

The acronym MATLAB stand for _____

Matrix Laboratory

Typically, the ______ language is the only language understood by computers

Machine

The Decision______ is frequently used in flow charts

Box

The inventor of the first mechanical adding machine was _______ Pascal
Blaise

The _____ level language does not go through interpreter, compiler and
Assembler
Low

The Language used to solve Computer mathematical Computations is

termed as ______
FORTRAN

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Unsigned integers in C++ are Non-____ Numbers
Negative

A series of step-by-step instructions that provides a solution to a particular

problem and directs the computer on what to do is referred to as a _______
PROGRAM

One of the major strengths of a computer is its ability to repeat selected

instructions with different _______
data
_______Programs are those that perform specific computational tasks or data
processing to solve user's problems
Application

An ________is a prescribed set of well-defined rules or instructions for the

solution of a problem in a finite number of steps
Algorithm

The ______statement is simply a comment statement that provides

information about the program or any of its segments to the programmer
REM

A set of variables with the same name and different subscripts is called an
_________
ARRAY

Errors in programs are usually called bugs and the process of removing
errors in your programs is called______.
debugging

The need to represent instructions in one form of code or the other gave
birth to the notion of Programming Language and the first form of these
codes became what is called the _______Language
Machine

In flowchart, the rectangular symbol represent ______

Process

Translator which is used to convert codes of assembly language into

machine language is termed as _____
Assembler

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Higher-order functions are not built into the _______ language
Structural

In a flowchart, the diamond symbol implies a _________

Decision

The MathCad ______ is an Interpretive application capable of solving a wide

range of mathematical and statistical problems
Software

________ unit retains processed information until it can be placed on output

devices by output
Memory

The ADA language is based on ___

Pascal

Procedural languages contain systematic order of ______

Statements

Receiving section obtains information from _______devices

input

Dividing a program into functions and modules is one of main feature of

______ language
Structural

Computer is a device that can perform computations and make ______

statements
Logical

Main memory of computer is termed as _______ memory

Primary

Open source operating system includes

Linux

Data which are not actively being used by particular units are placed on
______ storage unit
Secondary

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Systems that make computers more convenient to use by users, application
developers and system administrators etc. is termed as _____ system
Operating

_______ programming language has been fundamentally derived from the

original C language which was published by B.W. Kernighan and D. M.
Ritchie in 1978
C++

HTML tags are surrounded by _____ type of brackets

Angle

HTML is what type of language?

Markup

Ordinarily, the _____ tag is used to display a picture in a HTML page.

img

The acronym COBOL means______

Common Business Oriented Language

The Bit is a ______

binary digit

Typically, the programming language which is used to teach structured

programming is the ______
FORTRAN

Digits, letters and special symbols are known as______

Characters

C++ uses the _____ type of Code

ASCII

FORTRAN was developed by ______

IBM
Several related fields can be used to compose a ______
record

A particular machine language of a specific computer can be used on ______

that computer only

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A group of related records is termed as ______
File

_____ programs constitute the driving force behind 'tile operations of the
Computer System
System

The hierarchy of languages that is closer to the Machine Language is the

________ Language
Assembly

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