Date : 06-07-2025 STD 12 Total Marks : 20
Time : 1 Hour
SECTION A
* Choose The Right Answer From The Given Options.[1 Marks Each] [4]
1. Chlorobenzene is formed by reaction of chlorine with benzene in the presence
of AlCl3. Which of the following species attacks the benzene ring in this reaction?
(A) Cl- (B) Cl+ (C) AlCl3 (D) [AlCl4]-
Ans. :
b. Cl+
Explanation:
Cl+, known as chloronium ion is generated as an electrophille during
chlorination of benzene in presence of anhydrous AlCl3 and acts as an
attacking species over the benzene ring.
2. Which among the given haloalkanes develop colour when exposed to light?
(A) R−Br and R−Cl (B) R−I and R−F
(C) R−Cl and R−Br (D) R−Br and R−I
Ans. :
d. R−Br and R−I
Explanation:
As we progress down the periodic table from fluorine to iodine, molecular
size increases. As a result, we also see an increase in bond length.
As the bond length increases, upon irradiation of light, after absorption the
compound emit light in visible region. Hence, R-Br and R-I bond exhibit color
when exposed to light.
3. Ethyl bromide on boiling with alcoholic solutions of sodium hydroxide forms:
(A) Ethane (B) Ethylene (C) Methylene (D) All of these
Ans. :
b. Ethylene
Explanation:
NaOH(alc.)
C2 H5 −Br −
−−−−−→ C2 H4 +HBr
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4. What is ‘A’ in the following reaction?
Ans. :
Explanation:
In this reaction addition of HCl takes place on doubly bonded carbon atom in
accordance with Markovnikov’s rule i.e.," addition of negative part of the
addenum (adding molecule) will take place on the carbon which has lesser
number of hydrogen atoms ".Compound at (iii) confirms this strategy."
* Answer The Following Questions In One Sentence.[1 Marks Each] [2]
5. Out of o-and p-dibromobenzene which one has higher melting point and why?
Ans. :
p-Dibromobenzenc has higher melting point than its o-isomer.
Page 2
It is due to symmetry of p-isomer which fits in crystal lattice better than the o-
isomer.
6. Predict the major product formed when 2-Bromopentane reacts with alcoholic
KOH.
Ans. :
Pent-2-ene is major product known as Saytzeff's Product and it is more stable
alkene.
The process is known as β− elimination as it involves elimination of
β− Hydrogen.
SECTION B
* Given Section consists of questions of 2 marks each. [4]
7. Give reasons for the following observations:
Haloarenes are less reactive than haloalkanes towards nucleophillic substitution
reaction.
Page 3
Ans. : As C–X bond in aryl halide acquires a partial double bond character due to
resonance while the C–X bond in alkyl halide is a pure single bond.
8. Compound ‘A’ with molecular formula C4H9Br is treated with aq. KOH solution.
The rate of this reaction depends upon the concentration of the compound ‘A’
only. When another optically active isomer ‘B’ of this compound was treated
with aq. KOH solution, the rate of reaction was found to be dependent on
concentration of compound and KOH both.
i. Write down the structural formula of both compounds ‘A’ and ‘B’.
ii. Out of these two compounds, which one will be converted to the
product with inverted configuration.
Ans. :
i. The molecular formulae of isomers of C4H9Br are CH3
CH3 − CH2 − CH − CH3
Br
2 − Bromobuutane(B)
Since the rate of reaction of compound ‘A’ (C4H9Br) with aqueous KOH depends
upon the concentration of compound ‘A’ only, therefore, the reaction occurs by
SN1 mechanism and compound ‘A’ is tertiary bromide i.e., 2-Bromo-2-
methylpropane.
(CH )3 CBr + KOH(aq) −→ (CH3 )3 COH + KBr
3
rate = A:[(CH3)3CBr]
Since compound ‘B’ is optically active and is an isomer of compound ‘A’ (C4H9Br),
therefore, compound ‘B’ must be 2-Bromobutane. Since the rate of reaction of
compound ‘B’ with aqueous KOH depends upon the concentration of compound
‘B’ and KOH, therefore, the reaction occurs by SN2 mechanism and product of
hydrolysis will have inverted configuration.
CH3 CH2 CHCH3 + KOH −−→ CH3 CH2 CHCH3 + KBr
| |
Br OH
CH3 CH2 CHCH3
⎡ ⎤
rate = k ⎢ | ⎥ [KOH]
⎣ ⎦
Br
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SECTION C
* Given Section consists of questions of 3 marks each. [6]
9. Give reasons:
a. n-Butyl bromide has higher boiling point than t-butyl bromide.
b. Racemic mixture is optically inactive.
c. The presence of nitro group (–NO 2) at o/p positions increases the
reactivity of haloarenes towards nucleophilic substitution reactions.
Ans. :
i. Larger surface area, higher van der Waals' forces, higher the boiling point.
ii. Rotation due to one enantiomer is cancelled by another enantiomer.
iii. -NO 2 acts as Electron withdrawing group or –I effect.
10. Among the isomeric alkanes of molecular formula C5H12, identify the one that
on photochemical chlorination yields,
i. A single monochloride.
ii. Three isomeric monochlorides.
iii. Four isomeric monochlorides.
Ans. :
i. Neopentene CH3 As all the H-atomsare equivalent, the
∣
H3 C − C − CH3 .
CH3
replacement of any one of them gives the same product.
ii. a b c b a n-pentene. a, b, c are the three sets of equivalent
CH3 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3
hydrogens. Therefore, three isomaric monochlorides are possible.
iii. a b c d iso-pentene. There are four sets of equivalent
CH3 − CH − CH2 − CH3
CH3
hydrogens Designated as a, b, c, d. Thus, four isomeric monochlorides are
possible.
SECTION D
* Case study based questions [4]
11. Read the passage given below and answer the following questions:
Consider the given sequence of reactions:
The following questions are multiple choice questions. Choose the most
appropriate answer:
i. Identify W.
ii. Compound Y is:
iii. When X reacts with CH3COCl in presence of anhy. AlCl3, the reaction is
known as:
a. Fittig reaction.
b. Ullmann reaction.
c. Wurtz-Fittig reaction.
d. Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction.
iv. When X is treated Ni-Al/ NaOH the product obtained is:
a. Benzene.
b. Phenol.
c. P-chlorophenol.
d. Triphenyl.
v. Compound Z is:
a. Phenol.
b. P-chlorophenol.
c. P-nitrophenol.
d. Nitrobenzene.
Ans. :
i. (c)
Explanation:
ii. (c)
Explanation:
iii. (d) Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction.
iv. (a) Benzene.
Explanation:
v. (c) P-nitrophenol.
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