THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNION OF MYANMAR

MINISTRY OF TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATIONS

MYANMAR MERCANTILE MARINE COLLEGE
Examination for Marine Engineer Officer Class I & II Combined
Final Pre-Test
Function: Controlling the operation of the ship and care for persons on board at the management level
Question: N.A & S.C, (Controlling the Operations of the Ship and Care for Person on Board)
Time allowed: (3) Hours (Total six questions must be attempted)

SET I
SECTION(A)
(Answer TWO questions must be attempted.)

1. A ship of 8000 tonne displacement, 110 m long, floats in sea water of 1.024 t/m3 at draughts of 6 m forward
and 6.3 m aft. The TPC is 16, LCB 0.6 m aft of midships, LCF 3 m aft of midships and
MCT1cm 65 tonne m. The vessel now moves into fresh water of 1.000 t/m3. Calculate the distance a mass of
50 tonne must be moved to bring the vessel to an even keel and determine the final draught. (16)
2. When a propeller of 4.8m pitch turns at 110 rev/min, the apparent slip is found to be –s % and the real slip +
1.5 s %. If the wake speed is 25% of the ship speed, calculate the ship speed, the apparent slip and the real
slip. (16)
3. A ship of 10,000 tonne displacement has a KM of 8 m and GM 0.6 m. A rectangular double bottom tank is
18 m long, 15 m wide and 1.5 m deep. Assuming that KM remain constant determine the new GM when the
tank is now: (a) filled with S.W (b) half-filled with S.W. (16)
 SECTION(B)
(Answer FOUR questions must be attempted.)
4. (a) How do you understand freeboard? (2)
(b) What are the items to be prepared for a load line survey? (14)

(a) Freeboard
- Vertical distance from the summer load waterline to the top of the freeboard deck plating, measured at the
ship’s side amidships.

(b)
Preparation for Load Line / Annual Survey:
The following items are in efficient condition, prior to the Classification Society Surveyor’s arrival on board.
- Load line marks verified with existing load line certificate.
- Mainly comply with condition of assignment list to be followed.
- Provision of crew protection on the gangway and exposed area to be good in order.
- Check vent on deck for flame traps, floating disc and no corrosion and erosion, shall be provided name of
the vent clearly.
- Shall be provided name of the sounding pipe which arrange with gas sealed type cap and self-closing
arrangement for D.B tank sounding.
- Skylight door and hatch cover door are free from corrosion and erosion, sealing arrangement must be
perfectly working condition.
- Weathertight and watertight doors sealing to be checked with chalk method.
- Machinery room ventilator to be ensured functioning properly from remote and local station.
- Ensure that steering flat construction such as Class "A" bulkhead, provision of efficient structure of
strength.
- Emergency fire pump compartment to be neat and tidy condition and its bilge well alarm to be tested.
- Test E/R bilge well alarms to prevent free surface effect and to protect poor ship stability.
- Sea chest and overboard valves condition shall be good working in order.
- Condition of means of escape route must be met with load line convention.
- As well as, strength of the hull in the E/R shall be good in order.
- General condition of hull, cargo gear and cargo tank, arrangement of hatch cover, deck machinery, as far
as could be seen.
5. (a) Describe about the collision bulkheads. (8)
(b) Sketch and explain about the purpose of wash bulkheads fitted in cargo oil tanks. (8)

(a)
Purpose of collision bulkhead:
- To restrict the water ingress into ship while bow is collision.
- To support chain locker which is subjected to heavy load.
- To resist the effect of pounding and panting.
- To give the strength to fore end structure of the ship.
- To divide the ship's parallel middle body and the ship's entrance,
so that to gain the maximum length for cargo storage.

Construction of Collision bulkhead:

- This bulkhead is the forward most major bulkhead in a ship.
- And this bulkhead extends from tank top to the bulkheads deck.
- Location should not be less than 5% and not greater than 8% of the ship's length from the fore end of the
load waterline.
- It is a strongest bulkhead onboard, to prevent water flowing behind the bulkhead in the event of collision.
To achieve this:
1. The spacing of stiffeners are fitted about 600 mm apart on the vertical bulb shape of bulkhead.
2. And also panting stringers increase the strength of the bulkhead.
3. Its plating having 12 % thicker than other watertight bulkheads.
4. In modern ship, such bulkhead is designed with corrugated plating

(b) Wash bulkhead:

- Wash bulkhead is a non-watertight bulkhead.

- Perforated bulkhead fitted within an oil or water tank.
- To reduce the flow rate of the liquid when the ship rolls and pitches.
- Thus, to reduce dynamic impact of the liquid on the surrounding structure.
- Wash bulkhead in the fore peak resists panting effect.
- In tanker vessel, purposes of the wash bulkhead are:
1. reduce the dynamic cargo pressures.
2. increases the longitudinal strength of the structure.
3. reduce free surface effect.
4. improve the ship’s stability due to reduction in transverse motion of cargo shifting.
6. (a) Explain the water-tight door with the aid of sketch. (12)
(b) Where are these watertight doors used on board? (2)
(c) How water-tightness of the door is ensured. (2)
(a)

- Watertight doors are fitted on the watertight bulkhead of shaft tunnel for cargo ship.
- In passenger ships, watertight doors allow passengers to pass between one point of the accommodation
and another.
- Mild steel or cast steel watertight doors fitted below the water line are either of the vertical or horizontal
sliding type.
- Capable of being closed at bridge is not more than 60 Sec. with the ship in upright position.
- The direction of door movement shall be clearly indicated.
- Provided indication at all remote operating positions whether the doors are opened or closed.
- Shall be possible to open and close the door by hand at the door itself from either side and remote station.
- Control handles shall be provided at each side of the bulkhead at a minimum height of 1.6 m above the
floor.
- There must be no groove at the bottom of the frame.
- The tapper shape running groove is matched door shape to achieve perfect seal.
- Capable to close with the ship listed to 15o either way.
(b)
- Watertight doors are provided to maintain the water tightness of a bulkhead, while closing.
- In ship having shaft tunnels, the access to the tunnel from the engine room is through a watertight door.
- Similarly, passenger ships or car carriers require watertight doors to allow passage from one compartment
to another.
(c)
- In cargo vessels, watertight doors are to be tested by a hose test.
- In passenger ships they are tested under a head of water extending to the bulkhead deck.
- This is done before the door is fitted in the ship.
7. (a) Sketch an arrangement of funnel uptake, for a motor vessel. (10)
(b) Describe the above sketch, giving details of the method of attachment of the funnel and how support is
provided. (6)

Funnel

- The funnel consists of an outer casing protecting the uptakes.

- The outer casing is constructed of steel plates 6 mm to 8 mm in thickness.
- It is stiffened internally by ordinary angles or flat bars fitted vertically.
- Their scantlings depend upon the size and shape of the funnel.
- The uptakes from the boilers, generators and main engine are carried up inside the funnel and stopped
almost level with the top of the funnel.
- A steel platform or rain flat is fitted at a height of about one metre inside the funnel.
- This platform extends right across the funnel, holes being cut in for the uptakes and access.
- The uptakes are not connected directly to this platform because of possible expansion,
but a ring is fitted above and below the plating with a gap which allows the uptake pipe to slide.
- Additional bellows expansion joints are arranged where necessary.
- In motor ships a silencer must be fitted in the funnel to the main engine exhaust.
- This unit is supported on a separated seat.
- Ladders and gratings are fitted inside the funnel to allow access for inspection and maintenance.
- Ventilation louvers are fitted on the after end of the funnel below the upper platform.
- These louvers disperse the exhausts from the various ventilators led up the funnel.
- A hinged watertight door is fitted in the funnel, having clips which may be operated from both sides,
leading out on to the deck upon which the funnel stands.
8. (a) How many minimum numbers of bulkheads on board. (4)
(b) Explain the purpose of a collision bulkhead. (2)
(c) Describe with the aid of sketch the construction of a collision bulkhead paying particular attention to the
strength and attachment on to it and to the adjacent structure. (10)

(a) Minimum numbers of bulkheads

- The ship with aft machinery room requires minimum 3 numbers of bulkheads.
- They are collision bulkhead, forward machinery room bulkhead and aft-peak bulkhead.
- The ship with mid machinery room requires minimum 4 numbers of bulkhead.
- They are collision bulkhead, forward & aft machinery room bulkhead, and aft-peak bulkhead.

(b) The purpose of collision bulkhead is: -

- To restrict the water ingress into ship while bow is collision.
- To support chain locker which is subjected to heavy load.
- To resist the effect of pounding and panting.
- To give the strength to fore end structure of the ship.
- To divide the ship's parallel middle body and the ship's entrance

(c)

Construction of Collision bulkhead:

- It is the foremost major watertight bulkhead which is purpose for strengthening of the ship fore end
structure to resist the effect of panting and pounding.
- The collision bulkhead is stiffened by vertical bulb plates (stiffeners) spaced about 600 mm apart inside
the peak.
- It is constructed with horizontal strake because of the excessive taper on the plates from below to upper
which would occur with vertical plating.
- It must have plating 12% thicker than other watertight bulkheads.
- Light stringers are also fitted to plates of Collision bulkhead in line with panting stringers inside forepeak
tank.
- This stringer may not need if shell plating is increased in thickness by 15%.
- At lease the bow of one out of two ships involved in a collision will be damaged.
- For this reason a heavy bulkhead is specified and located.
- It is not so far forward otherwise it can be damaged by impact.
 - It should not be too far aft otherwise excessive trim by the bow when the flooding of compartment
forward.

9. Sketch and describe briefly.

(a) bilge keel. (4)
(b) duct keel. (4)
(c) chain locker. (4)
(d) hawse pipe. (4)

(a) Bilge Keels

Line of bottom shell

- Bilge keels are fitted at the turn of the bilge to resist rolling.
- And it gives longitudinal strength to bilge strake.
- A flat keel fitted along the bilge radius either side of the ship nearly half its length.
- The bilge keel is fitted at right-angles to the bilge radius plating but does not extend beyond the extreme
breadth line.
- The bilge keels are usually attached to a continuous flat bar, welded to the shell plating.
- The outer joint may then be riveted or lightly welded so that outer joint is easy to break and leave the hull
undamaged.
- A doubling plate should be welded to both ends of the bilge plating and tapper at both ends.

(b) Duct Keel

- Duct keel is provided along the centerline in the double bottoms of some vessels.
- It runs from the engine room bulkhead to the collision bulkhead.
- It has formed rectangular shape.
- Transverse stiffening bars or brackets are often fitted one the keel plate and inner bottom plating between
the two centre girders.
- It is utilised to contain double bottom piping.
- Maximum width is 2 meters
(c) Chain Locker

- The chain locker is normally fitted forward of the collision bulkhead.

- It is of size adequate to house all the anchor cable and still leave a considerable empty space above.
- The chain locker should be as low as practicable to reduce the height of the centre of gravity of the
considerable mass of the cables.
- A perforated floor or grating is fitted at the bottom to provide a drainage well and keep the cable out of
mud and water.
- The forecastle deck forms the top of the locker with the spurling pipe at the centre.
- The spurling pipe is made of heavy plate with a solid round bar as a chafing ring on the lower edge.

(d) Hawse Pipe

- The hawse pipe is fitted to enable a smooth run of the anchor cable to the windlass and to maintain the
watertight integrity of the forecastle.
- It should be of ample size to pass the cable without snagging when raising or lowering the anchor.
- Construction is usually of thick plating which is attached to a doubling plate at the forecastle deck and a
reinforced strake of plating at the side shell.
- A rubbing or chafing ring is also fitted at the outside shell. A sliding plate cover is shaped to fit over the
cable and close the opening when the ship is at sea.