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Triangulation Method Worksheet

The document outlines a procedure for determining the epicenter of a hypothetical earthquake using data from seismic recording stations. It includes instructions for calculating the distance from the epicenter based on the time difference between P-wave and S-wave arrivals, as well as graphical analysis for further distance determination. Additionally, it poses questions regarding the epicenter's location and the challenges of using data from only two stations.

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Czirce Edrozo
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56 views4 pages

Triangulation Method Worksheet

The document outlines a procedure for determining the epicenter of a hypothetical earthquake using data from seismic recording stations. It includes instructions for calculating the distance from the epicenter based on the time difference between P-wave and S-wave arrivals, as well as graphical analysis for further distance determination. Additionally, it poses questions regarding the epicenter's location and the challenges of using data from only two stations.

Uploaded by

Czirce Edrozo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NAME SCORE

GR & DATE
SEC

1. Study the data showing the difference in the arrival time of P-wave and S-wave on
three seismic recording stations.
DATA 1
Time difference in Distance of Computed
Recording Arrival Arrival
the arrival time of P- epicenter from Distance for
station Time of Time of S –
wave and S-wave the station the map
P– Waves
(seconds) (km)
Waves
Batangas 85.16 s 128.36 s
Puerto 106.23 s 154.23 s
Princesa
Davao 103.15 s 123.45 s

2. Compute the distance of the


epicenter from each of the stations
using this formula:

Where: d = distance (km) Td =


time difference in the arrival time
of P- wave and S-wave (seconds)
This formula is suited because 8
seconds is the interval between the
times of arrival of the P-wave and
S-wave at a distance of 100 km.

3. Choose one of the recording


stations and measure the
computed distance on the map
scale (the scale of the map in
Figure 3 is 1cm: 100 km). Set your
compass for that computed
distance.

4. Center your compass on the station


you have chosen. Draw a circle.

5. Repeat steps 3 and 4 for the rest of


the stations. You should get three
circles that intersect or nearly
intersect at a point. This
intersection is the epicenter.
Q1. Where is the epicenter of this
hypothetical earthquake?

DATA 2

Time difference in the Distance of Computed


Recording arrival time of P-wave epicenter from the Distance for
station and station (km) the map

S-wave
(seconds)
Laoag 58.4 s
Sorsogon 19.2 s
Mamburao 26.4 s

Downloaded by Teacher Elena ([email protected])


Q2. Where is the epicenter of this
hypothetical earthquake?

Q3. What difficulty will you


encounter if you only have data
from two recording stations?

Q4. What do you think is the


importance of determining the
epicenter of an earthquake?

In the previous activity, the


hypothetical earthquake happened
locally, that is why we use the
formula stated in the procedure.
But, if the earthquake took place at
a far greater distance, seismologists
use the distance-time graph like the
figure below in determining the
location of the epicenter.

Based on the graph from the right


and the data on the table, determine
the difference in arrival times of P –
and S – waves and the distance from
the seismic recording station to the
epicenter. (Graphical analysis)

Downloaded by Teacher Elena ([email protected])


Time difference in Distance of
Arrival Arrival the arrival time of epicenter from
Recording
Time of P Time of S – P-wave and S-wave the station
station
– Waves Waves (seconds) (km)

A 3 min 20 s 6 min 20 s

B 3 min 40 8 min 60 s
sec
C 20 min 26 min

* ±200 km

Downloaded by Teacher Elena ([email protected])


Downloaded by Teacher Elena ([email protected])

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