Question One
Health authorities declared a cholera outbreak in Lagos on 15th June 2024 when 436 suspected
were reported. Six days later, there were more than 500 suspected and 43 confirmed cases
respectively, with a 5.4% case fatality rate among the suspected cases reported. Assuming 20
patients were randomly selected from the 43 confirmed cases with 50% survival rate of the new
vaccine administered on them.
a. State the distribution that the above statements follow. Hence, highlight all its conditions
and properties respectively.
b. What is the probability that the medical practitioners will have to record at least four
successes from the patients taking new vaccine before confirming its effectiveness on
cholera?
c. What is the probability that the medical practitioners would record more than four
successes from the patients taking new vaccine before confirming its effectiveness on
cholera?
d. On the average, how many patients will survive from cholera by taking the new vaccine,
how far do the success record from the average and what is the dispersion of the recorded
successes of the new vaccine from the selected patients?
Question Two
In a small village, there are 87 families of which 52 families have at most 2 children. In a rural
development programme, 20 families are to be chosen for assistance of which at least 18 families
must have at most 2 children. In how many ways can the choice be made?
Define the following terms: 1. Sample space 2. Sample point 3. Event 4. Outcome 5. Combination
of events 6. Intersection of events 7. Union of evets. Hence, obtain the sample space for the gender
of 3 children in a family, using three tree diagrams.
Question Three
A committee of 3 persons is to be constituted from a group of 2 men and 3 women. In how many
ways can this be done? How many of these committees would consist of 1 man and 2 women?
a. In a sample of 50 students who wish to determine their blood group, 21 had type O blood,
22 had type A blood, 5 had type B blood, and 2 had type AB blood. Set up a frequency
distribution and find the probability that:
a. A selected person has type O blood
b. A selected person has type AB blood
c. A selected person does not have type A blood
Question Four
d. Given two events 𝐸1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐸2 . Show that the probability of (𝐸1 ∪ 𝐸2 ) = 𝑝𝑟(𝐸1 ) +
𝑝𝑟(𝐸2 ) − 𝑝𝑟(𝐸1 ∩ 𝐸2 ).
1. A probability experiment is conducted. Which of the following cannot be
considered a probability outcome and why?
2 3 −2
2. 2. 2 3. 60% 4. 1.01 5. 125% 6. 3 7. -0.45
3
Question Five
Consider 4 students taking STA 112 exam in which it is possible to pass or fail. Obtain the
following:
e. All the possible outcome(s) ii. Event that exactly one student failed? iii. At least one student
failed? iv. All students failed v. At most one student passed vi. All students passed vii. Less
than 3 students passed viii. Only 2 students passed ix. None of the student passed x. Assign
either simple or compound in question (ix) above.
f. What are the axioms of probability?
Question Six
g. James draws balls 5 times from a bag of 10 balls which includes 5 red and 5 green balls
with replacement. Confirm if this is a Bernoulli trials or otherwise?
If question (a) above is confirmed to a Bernoulli trial, state its conditions and properties
respectively.
