The Quaternary industry was listed as a significant driver of the country's economic

growth in the Economic Survey of Pakistan for the year 2021-2022. The Quaternary
sector, which comprises knowledge-based services, R&D, and information technology,
has the potential to boost productivity and competitiveness in other sectors, resulting in
total economic growth.

According to the report, Pakistan's IT industry has grown significantly, with exports
hitting a new high of $2.1 billion in the fiscal year 2020-2021, representing a 47% rise
over the previous year. The government has launched a number of steps to boost the
Quaternary industry, including developing an IT park in Islamabad and implementing of
an IT park in Islamabad, and implementing the Digital Pakistan Policy 2021, which aims
to stimulate digital innovation and entrepreneurship.

In addition to the steps outlined above, the Economic Survey of Pakistan for 2021-2022
underlined the government's efforts to strengthen the country's digital infrastructure,
which is critical for the Quaternary sector's growth. According to the poll, Pakistan's
digital infrastructure has greatly improved in recent years, with the number of internet
users expanding from 15 million in 2012 to more than 100 million in 2021.

The government has also initiated a number of measures to increase access to digital
services and encourage digital literacy, such as the installation of free Wi-Fi hotspots in
public places and the development of rural e-learning centers. The Digital Pakistan
Policy 2021 intends to stimulate digital innovation and entrepreneurship while also
generating new job possibilities in the Quaternary sector.

The Pakistan Economic Survey for 2021-2022 also stressed the significance of growing
human capital in the Quaternary sector, which necessitates a highly qualified workforce
with experience in areas like as artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and cloud
computing. The government has made initiatives to improve education in these areas,
such as establishing a National Center of Artificial Intelligence and introducing new
degree programs in emerging technology.

Furthermore, the Quaternary industry has the potential to create large foreign exchange
revenues for Pakistan, according to the report. The growing need for digital services
throughout the world has spurred the rise of the IT industry in particular, and the
country's highly qualified workforce has allowed it to compete in the global market.

In terms of the Quinary sector, the Economic Survey of Pakistan for 2021-2022
recognized the need for the country's leadership and governance to be strengthened.
Leadership and decision-making jobs in government, education, and industry are all part
of the Quinary sector. The poll emphasized the relevance of institutional reforms and
policy changes in promoting good governance and increasing the efficiency of the
public sector.

To that end, the government has implemented a number of initiatives, including the
Public Sector Management Program, which aims to improve the skills and capabilities
of public sector employees, and the establishment of the National Institute of Public
Policy, which will provide training and research facilities for public sector officials.

The Pakistan Economic Survey for 2021-2022 underlined the significance of increasing
women's engagement in the Quinary sector, particularly in leadership and decision-
making roles. The poll found that women continue to be underrepresented in leadership
roles in government and business, and that increasing gender equality and women's
empowerment is critical for long-term economic success.

To address this issue, the government has initiated a number of efforts, including the
formation of the National Commission on the Status of Women to monitor and promote
women's rights, as well as the implementation of laws to encourage women's
entrepreneurship and financial inclusion. The poll also emphasized the necessity of
investing in women's education and skill development, particularly in science,
technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM).

The poll also underlined the need to promote innovation and entrepreneurship in the
Quinary industry in order to boost economic growth and employment creation. The
government has initiated a number of measures to encourage entrepreneurship and
innovation, including the construction of the National Incubation Center to give
mentorship and assistance to businesses and the implementation of legislation to
encourage venture capital investments.

The study also emphasized the significance of fostering public-private partnerships in

the Quinary sector, notably in education, health, and infrastructure development. The
government has taken initiatives to encourage public-private partnerships, such as the
formation of the Public-Private Partnership Authority, which will help PPP projects get
off the ground.

The Command and Mixed economic systems are two prominent economic organization
patterns that have been observed in many nations throughout the world. These two
systems are also considered in the context of Pakistan's Economic Survey in
connection to the country's economic performance.

The Command economic system is distinguished by a centrally planned economy in

which the government dictates resource allocation and output objectives. The
government regulates the pricing of products and services, and private enterprise is
limited. This model was used in Pakistan during its early years of independence, but it
was eventually abandoned in favor of a more market-oriented economy.

The government emphasized the need for structural reforms and policy improvements
in the Pakistan Economic Survey 2021-2022 to boost economic development and
competitiveness. The survey recognized the issues confronting the agriculture and
industrial sectors as a result of inefficiencies in production and supply chain activities.
In response to these issues, the government's policy approach prioritizes market-
oriented solutions, which is consistent with a Mixed economic system.

The Mixed economic system is distinguished by a mix of market-based and

government-led initiatives. In this system, private enterprise and market forces play an
important role in the economy, but the government also intervenes to solve market
failures and provide public goods and services. Pakistan's government has
implemented a mixed economic structure which seeks to balance the interests of
private enterprise and public welfare.

The Pakistan Economic Survey for 2021-2022 stressed the government's commitment
to fostering a conducive environment for the private sector and investment. Measures
to increase ease of doing business, modernize regulatory frameworks, and incentivize
investment in important areas such as energy, infrastructure, and manufacturing are
included. Simultaneously, the government has prioritized social protection measures
like as the Ehsaas program, which tries to offer financial help to needy communities.

Finally, the Command and Mixed economic systems are two key economic organization
patterns that have been seen in numerous nations. While Pakistan first embraced a
Command economic system, the government has progressively evolved to a more
Mixed economic structure. The policy approach of the government toward enhancing
economic growth and competitiveness in Pakistan emphasizes market-oriented
solutions while also addressing social welfare concerns.