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 Another Random Document on
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The Project Gutenberg eBook of The American
Missionary — Volume 32, No. 01, January,
1878
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Title: The American Missionary — Volume 32, No. 01, January,

1878

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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AMERICAN

MISSIONARY — VOLUME 32, NO. 01, JANUARY, 1878 ***
Vol. XXXII. No. 1.

THE
AMERICAN MISSIONARY.

“To the Poor the Gospel is Preached.”

JANUARY, 1878.

CONTENTS:

EDITORIAL.

1877-1878. 1
Large Gifts and Large Givers 2
Changes in the Magazine 3
Woman’s Work for Woman 4
The Jubilee Singers—A Good Use of Negro Suffrage 5
Paragraphs 6
News from the Churches—Southern Exodus Notes 7
Indian Notes 8
Chinese Notes 9
Book Notice 10

THE FREEDMEN.
North Carolina: Revival in Church and School. Georgia:
Revival in Atlanta University 11
Alabama: Church Organized—A New Pastorate 12
Tennessee: Le Moyne Normal School 13
“ State Teachers’ Institute 14
Two Simple Rules. J. P. Thompson, D. D. 15
Dr. Patton’s Inaugural 16

THE INDIANS.

Fort Berthold, D. T. 17

THE CHINESE.

Annual Meeting—General Association—The Work 18

COMMUNICATIONS.

Protection by Development. Rev. C. H. Richards 19

Educability of the Blacks. A Virginia School Superintendent 21
Campaign in Connecticut. Dist. Sec’y, Powell of Chicago 22

THE CHILDREN’S PAGE 24

RECEIPTS 24
CONSTITUTION 27
WORK, STATISTICS, WANTS, &c. 28

NEW YORK:
Published by the American Missionary Association,
Rooms, 56 Reade Street.

Price, 50 Cents a Year, in advance.

 American Missionary Association,
56 READE STREET, N. Y.

PRESIDENT.

Hon. E. S. TOBEY, Boston.

VICE PRESIDENTS.

Hon. F. D. Parish, Ohio. Rev. G. F. Magoun, D. D., Iowa.

Rev. Jonathan Blanchard, Ill. Col. C. G. Hammond, Ill.
Hon. E. D. Holton, Wis. Edward Spaulding, M.D., N. H.
Hon. William Claflin, Mass. David Ripley, Esq., N. J.
Rev. Stephen Thurston, D. D., Rev. Wm. M. Barbour, D. D., Ct.
Me. Rev. W. L. Gage, Ct.
Rev. Samuel Harris, D. D., Ct. A. S. Hatch, Esq., N. Y.
Rev. Silas McKeen, D. D., Vt. Rev. J. H. Fairchild, D. D., Ohio.
Wm. C. Chapin, Esq., R. I. Rev. H. A. Stimson, Minn.
Rev. W. T. Eustis, Mass. Rev. J. W. Strong, D. D., Minn.
Hon. A. C. Barstow, R. I. Rev. George Thacher, LL. D., Iowa.
Rev. Thatcher Thayer, D. D., R. I. Rev. A. L. Stone, D. D., California.
Rev. Ray Palmer, D. D., N. Y. Rev. G. H. Atkinson, D. D., Oregon.
Rev. J. M. Sturtevant, D. D., Ill. Rev. J. E. Rankin, D. D., D. C.
Rev. W. W. Patton, D. D., D. C. Rev. A. L. Chapin, D. D., Wis.
Hon. Seymour Straight, La. S. D. Smith, Esq., Mass.
Rev. D. M. Graham, D. D., Mich. Rev. H. M. Parsons, N. Y.
Horace Hallock, Esq., Mich. Peter Smith, Esq., Mass.
Rev. Cyrus W. Wallace, D. D., N. Dea. John Whiting, Mass.
H. Rev. Wm. Patton, D. D., Ct.
Rev. Edward Hawes, Ct. Hon. J. B. Grinnell, Iowa.
Douglas Putnam, Esq., Ohio. Rev. Wm. T. Carr, Ct.
Hon. Thaddeus Fairbanks, Vt. Rev. Horace Winslow, Ct.
Samuel D. Porter, Esq., N. Y. Sir Peter Coats, Scotland.
Rev. M. M. G. Dana, D. D., Ct. Rev. Henry Allon, D. D., London,
Rev. H. W. Beecher, N. Y. Eng.
Gen. O. O. Howard, Oregon. Wm. E. Whiting, Esq., N. Y.
Rev. Edward L. Clark, N. Y.
J. M. Pinkerton, Esq., Mass.
CORRESPONDING SECRETARY.

Rev. M. E. STRIEBY, 56 Reade Street, N. Y.

DISTRICT SECRETARIES.
Rev. C. L. WOODWORTH, Boston.
Rev. G. D. PIKE, New York.
Rev. JAS. POWELL, Chicago, Ill.

EDGAR KETCHUM, Esq., Treasurer, N. Y.

H. W. HUBBARD, Esq., Assistant Treasurer, N. Y.
Rev. M. E. STRIEBY, Recording Secretary.
EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.

Alonzo S. Ball, Clinton B. Fisk, S. S. Jocelyn,

A. S. Barnes, A. P. Foster, Andrew Lester,
Edward Beecher, Augustus E. Graves, Chas. L. Mead,
Geo. M. Boynton, S. B. Halliday, John H. Washburn,
Wm. B. Brown, Sam’l Holmes, G. B. Willcox.
COMMUNICATIONS

relating to the business of the Association may be addressed to

either of the Secretaries as above.
DONATIONS AND SUBSCRIPTIONS

may be sent to H. W. Hubbard, 56 Reade Street, New York, or, when

more convenient, to either of the branch offices, 21 Congregational
House, Boston, Mass., 112 West Washington Street, Chicago, Ill.
Drafts or checks sent to Mr. Hubbard should be made payable to his
order as Assistant Treasurer.
A payment of thirty dollars at one time constitutes a Life Member.
Correspondents are specially requested to place at the head of each
letter the name of their Post Office, and the County and State in
which it is located.

THE

AMERICAN MISSIONARY.
Vol. XXXII. JANUARY, 1878.
No. 1.

American Missionary Association.

1877-1878.
Year after year the work of the American Missionary Association
goes on with steady increase. We glide from one year to another
noiselessly, and take up on the New Year’s Day the same tools we
dropped when the signal came that the working hours of the old
year were ended. One seems very much like the other, and yet, as
we look back, we find that each year has, to some extent, a
character and a work of its own. Changes come unheralded,
proportions vary; each phase is now conspicuous and now in almost
eclipse, while the whole work goes on.
A few years ago it was the large number of our common school
teachers sent from the North to the just-opened Southern field; then
came the era of Normal instruction, as the States opened schools for
the colored children, but could not furnish schoolmasters fit to teach
them. The facilities for higher education, and, especially, for training
for the ministry, came in then for our care—1877 saw what seemed
to be the beginning of the end in this direction, in the sending of
three men, trained in our schools, for missionary work to Africa.
What shall be the peculiar work of 1878? There is no portion of the
whole which those who work through us are willing to have dropped.
Among the Indians, what little we have done we must continue to
do, until some Providence as plain as that which gave it to our hands
shall discharge us from the duty. We cannot withdraw our help from
the churches on the Pacific Coast, in their endeavors to lead the
Chinaman through the knowledge of the English language to the
God of the English-speaking people. We cannot close the Normal
school, for the intelligent Christian teacher is yet the greatest want
of the Southern Freedmen. To the young men who desire to preach
Christ Jesus and Him crucified to their own people, we cannot deny
the instruction in the word of God and in the truths of religion which
they ask of us. All these, which are distinctively departments of
Christian effort, must be kept up, and, especially, this work among
the negro youth of the great South.
What we should be glad to make the great and characteristic work
of the new year, is the Southern church work. We have now more
students in our three theological schools than we have churches in
the entire South. Of course, this does not limit the opportunity of
these young men. It does not altogether destroy our influence
through them. They will go out and preach the Gospel, but they
must go into other ecclesiastical relations to fill churches of other
orders, and, as we feel, many of them to do far less telling work for
God and good than they might in churches founded anew by them
under our care. This direct evangelizing and church work is very
dear to those to whom the management of this Association is
entrusted. Shall 1878 be for us the year of church extension?
There are favoring conditions in more respects than one. The
comparative freedom of the South from political agitations gives the
opportunity for undisturbed effort for the enlargement of this work.
The impulse given by the Syracuse meeting will be felt long by us
and by all connected with the Association. The diminution of the
debt already relieves for use in active service nearly $3,000 a year,
which was absorbed by its imperative demands.
If this debt can be wholly put behind us we may add this to the
achievements of the coming year.
It is easier to write prophecy than history, and yet the pen will glide
lightly over the paper, and the press will resound with a more cheery
clatter than in other days, if a year from now, they shall be able to
make it known that the churches in the South have been largely
increased in numbers and efficiency, and that the debt of the
Association has every cent of it been paid.
With a “happy new year” all round the circle, officers, missionaries,
teachers, contributors, let us to the work!

In the fall of 1866, Mr. Warren Ackermann gave to the Foreign Board
of the Reformed Church of America $55,000 in one gift, thus entirely
extinguishing its debt, and leaving it a fund of nearly $10,000 for
expenditure upon the field.
Last spring the Presbyterian Board of Foreign Missions was on the
point of reporting a debt of $50,000, when a like gift, by the
liberality of Mrs. John C. Green, of New York, freed them from that
necessity, and enabled them to close the year without a deficit. The
Methodist Episcopal Missionary Committee, by special effort during
the last year, paid off over $100,000 of their large indebtedness.
None of us have forgotten the noble spontaneity of the successful
movement this fall at Providence, resulting in the complete liberation
of the American Board from their debt of nearly $50,000, and we
cannot fail to notice with rejoicing every success of “the finangelist”
(as he has been called), Mr. Kimball, in casting the mountains of
church debt into the sea of solvency.
All these things encourage us to hope and pray and labor for great
things. Our debt is diminished already from $93,232.99 to
$57,816.90. This is quite within the average of the sums named
above. Not one of these societies or churches but will say: “These
gifts, to deliver us from the bondage of debt, have proved the
grandest helps to our forward work.” Let no one think that money
thus given does not tell upon the work. It does tell: not this year
alone, but every year it puts money in our purse to be expended in
the directest furtherance of our mission to carry the Gospel of light
and love to the poor and neglected races. It is in effect a permanent
fund, the interest of which we have for yearly use.
Is there not some one, or may there not be more far-sighted men,
to whom the Lord has entrusted a liberal share of His gold and silver,
whom these examples and this opportunity may stimulate?

In accordance with the decision at the last Anniversary Meeting of

the American Missionary Association, the printing of this paper will
be done hereafter in New York City.
In parting with General Armstrong and his printers at Hampton, it
gives us pleasure to bear our warmest testimony to their uniform
courtesy and to their untiring efforts to relieve, as far as possible,
the unavoidable difficulty of printing at so great a distance from
these rooms. Of the excellence of the work done at the Hampton
office, we need use no words of commendation, for each successive
number has carried to our readers its best evidence.
During the past year, as we learn from General Armstrong, it has
given help to eight young colored girls who, as folders, have been
able to earn enough to materially assist them in meeting their school
bills; it has given steady employment to two young men who, twelve
years ago, were enrolled in the first schools opened at Hampton by
the Association. From little bright-eyed pickaninnies they have grown
to be competent printers; they are now a help to their parents and
are growing up to be among the solid men of Hampton.
Extra help being needed, a very worthy colored mechanic in
Litchfield, Conn. was engaged. He not only worked on the Missionary,
but having rented a house in a region destitute of workers, he at
once gathered the young and the old, and every Sunday morning
during the summer a motley crowd of about fifty in number was
collected in his verandah. Seated on boxes, tubs, pails, etc., they
received excellent instruction from Mr. Rowe, through whose good
work we hope that some who were blind can now see.
The officers of the Hampton Institute bear testimony to the decided
benefits received from the printing of the Missionary at Hampton. It
has been of no small advantage as an aid to the Industrial
Department there, which is the peculiar and difficult feature of the
Institute.

With this number, then, the Missionary returns wholly to this office
and its vicinity for preparation. As our readers have already noticed,
the advice of the Annual Meeting has been followed in restoring it to
its old form, which many of its familiar friends think more becoming
than the perhaps sprightlier, but less dignified manner of the last
year. We trust they will not like it less because it has a little more of
body than formerly, and is attired in a new, and, we trust, not
inappropriate dress. A few of its additional pages are given to
advertisements by the same advice. We shall be glad to serve and
be served by our friends, who know our circulation and constituency,
in opening to them this channel of communication with one another.
It is our hope to make the Missionary of certainly as much, and, if
possible, of more value than in former years. We should be glad to
do what we can to dissipate the impression that an exposition of
Christian opportunity and a record of Christian work is of necessity
dry reading—of use mainly by way of fitting preparation for a
Sunday afternoon nap. We know that the opportunities, if realized,
are full of encouragement and stimulus, and that the work itself is
intense in its earnestness and interest. We know that the
considerations which enforce its claims are among those which
appeal most irresistibly to thoughtful men, and stir their deepest
feelings. If the presentation, then, be dry, it must be the dulness of
those who write, or the indifference of those who read. We will try
to prevent this at one end if our friends will at the other.
We shall try to procure the freshest and most recent news from the
field, in regard to the general progress and the particular incidents of
the work, by diligent application to our missionaries and teachers—
remembering ourselves, and reminding others, that they are busy
men and women, far more intent on doing the work than in telling
about it. We shall endeavor to give, in condensed form, a record of
the current events, religious, social and sometimes political, which
affect the various departments of our work. We hope to arrange for
special presentation of the nature and needs of our larger
institutions in successive numbers. So we shall try to bring within the
range of our readers’ vision the stars of larger and of lesser
magnitude which gem our Southern and Western sky, only regretting
that our, like other telescopes, can only bring far-off things a little
nearer—can by no means reveal them as they are.
With the old form we return, of necessity, to the old subscription
price—50 cents a year. Will our good friends remember that if each
of our 25,000 magazines should bring us in a half a dollar, they
would be a source of income to the Association, beside the valuable
service which it does us indirectly? If this suggestion impresses any
one favorably, please let the money be inclosed, and the letter
sealed and directed at once before it can be forgotten.
In accordance with the further recommendation of the Annual
Meeting, Rev. George M. Boynton, of Newark, N. J., who, as a
member of the Executive Committee, is familiar with the work, and
whose pen has contributed freely to our columns during the last
year, has been associated with us in the editorial charge of the
Missionary.

WOMAN’S WORK FOR WOMAN.

Specific missionary work by devoted women, among the colored
women and girls in the South, is one of the many interesting
departments of our enterprise. “Woman’s work for woman” has not
been neglected, although it has not been made prominent before
the public by the Association. It is enough to say that more than
three-fourths of our missionaries have been women, and the
majority of our church members and pupils, females, to make it
evident that much work of this kind must have been done; still it has
not been singled out and magnified as the work to which, as an
association, we had given ourselves. It has all along been a matter
of deep regret that we could not make more of this branch of our
work. We have noted the inexpressibly sad condition of the colored
woman in the South—no future before her, public opinion giving her
no recognized standing of respectability, dooming her to an evil
reputation, whether in character she was deserving it or not, and
this, too, in a Christian country—these things we have noted and
felt; but our receipts were all swallowed up in the current demands
of our general work. We are glad to be permitted to record that a
step has recently been taken, promising relief in this direction. A
lady in one of the Western States, who has been for years known as
an indefatigable worker for Christian missions, has had the elevation
and salvation of the colored women of our country on her heart and
mind for years. She has made herself thoroughly acquainted with
the fact that if anything is done, it must be in addition to what the
ordinary receipts of the American Missionary Association would
warrant. Self-moved, she said to our Executive Committee a few
months ago, “If you will commission a competent and devoted
woman missionary and assign her to one of your mission stations, to
give herself entirely to the work of visiting the homes of the colored
women, for the purpose of saving them by the use of every method
her enlightened judgment may suggest as wise, I will become
personally responsible for her support, and will pledge that what I
do shall not in any way interfere with the general receipts of the
Association.” The Executive Committee thankfully accepted the
proposition. A lady missionary was appointed and sent to Memphis,
Tenn., in November. She entered at once upon the field, and the
beginnings of her work are full of promise, and already assure us of
the usefulness of her mission.
We hear from Memphis the week after her arrival of the favorable
impression made, and of the rejoicing on the part of our teachers
that there is help for them in the homes of their pupils and in
mothers’ meetings, etc. One teacher says, “I hope to visit with her a
little, especially to take her to the homes of our girls.” Another
writes, “We regard her being sent here as a special Providence in
our favor. I think there is no place where she could do more.”
We trust that many such workers may be sent by the Christian
women of the North to these their needy sisters in the South.
The Advance mentions the Church Sewing Circle as the medium, and
the spring as the most convenient time, to carry out the following
suggestion. In this way, it says, there need be no friction between
what is done for the A. M. A. and other missionary work:
“There was a time, directly following the war, when the
American Missionary Association was wonderfully aided in
its work by the special efforts of the philanthropic women.
There has been nothing finer done in the way of
immediately urgent but far-reaching influence, by the
Christian women of America, either before or since. Every
one rejoices in the helpfulness of the Woman’s Boards,
creating and fostering as they do a mighty interest on
behalf of their benighted sisters in heathen lands, and we
will not believe the Christian women in our American
churches incapable of again inaugurating some similar
work, equally worthy of them, toward meeting the
inexpressibly urgent moral necessities of their sadly
darkened and depressed sisters nearer home.”

THE JUBILEE SINGERS AT THE IMPERIAL

COURT OF GERMANY.
The Jubilee Singers have recently gone to Germany to continue the
work they have for the last six years been so successfully doing in
the United States, Great Britain and Holland, in the interests of the
education of their race at Fisk University, Nashville, Tenn.
Within a few days of their arrival at Berlin, they had the honor of
appearing before the Imperial family of Germany under
circumstances of peculiar interest. They were invited by their
Imperial Highnesses, the Crown Prince and Crown Princess, to sing
some of their slave songs at the New Palace, Potsdam, on Sunday
afternoon, Nov. 4, and on presenting themselves at the appointed
hour they found, to their joy, that they stood in the presence of His
Imperial Majesty, the Emperor of Germany, as well as in the
presence of the Crown Prince and Princess, with their children
gathered around them. Thus three generations stood together in the
home circle, listening to this little company of emancipated slaves
from the United States, as they sang the songs of the days of their
bondage. And never did their strange, touching songs produce a
deeper impression, or call forth heartier expressions of sympathy for,
and interest in, the work they are laboring to do for their race in
America and in Africa.
His Majesty, the Emperor, made many inquiries of the President of
the University respecting the Singers, and their personal history, and
the work they had accomplished, while the Crown Prince and the
Crown Princess conversed freely with the Singers, making inquiries,
and expressing great delight in the singing. It was especially
gratifying to learn from the Crown Princess that four years ago,
when the Jubilee Singers had the honor of singing before her Royal
Mother, the Queen of England, she had received a long letter
speaking of the Singers and their mission. The Crown Prince said,
“These songs, as you sing them, go to the heart—they go through
and through one.”
The first public concert was given in Berlin, at the Sing Academy, on
the 7th of November, and was greeted with such hearty
demonstrations of approval, that success in Germany seems quite
well assured.

A GOOD USE OF NEGRO SUFFRAGE.

An article of two and a half columns in an Augusta, Ga. paper,
begins thus: “The Superior Court room in the City Hall was crowded
last evening with the colored voters of the county who had
assembled to listen to addresses from Hon. Jos. B. Cumming, the
Democratic nominee for Senator, from the Eighteenth Senatorial
District, and Hon. H. Clay Foster, Independent candidate for the
same position. Both these gentlemen were present by invitation of
the colored people themselves.” Then follow abstracts of the
speeches of the two candidates, wherein each attempts to show the
colored voters that he has a stronger claim upon them than his
competitor. This political gathering was peculiar in several respects.
The audience was composed of Republicans, while the speakers
were both avowed Democrats. The assemblage comprised a distinct
class in the Senatorial district. This class was composed of those
who during most of their lives had enjoyed fewest opportunities to
obtain knowledge and learn how to vote intelligently. And what is
most vital, they, as the speakers seemed to tacitly acknowledge,
held the balance of power. In other words, they, whatever their
standing might be in society, and whatever qualifications they might
possess or lack, were to decide which of the two candidates should
represent the PEOPLE of the Eighteenth District in the State Senate.
Whether or not it was humiliating to the pride of “high-bred” citizens
of the Empire State of the South to vie with each other thus publicly
in soliciting the votes of their former servants, is of little
consequence. Neither is it a matter of very great import that a
political gathering of “niggers” (negroes would be more elegant, but
less pointed,) was respectfully addressed by Southern white men,
and respectfully referred to by a Georgia Democratic paper. That all
the colored voters of that district will be urged and helped to pay
their taxes, and thus for one year at least avoid disfranchisement,
and will have an opportunity to vote unmolested, though a good
reason for congratulation, is nothing worthy of very great
consideration. But the prominent and startling feature of this
incident is the fact that those who, through no fault of theirs, are
least qualified for the responsible trust, hold the balance of power
and cast the decisive vote. In this instance, no great issues are
involved, and if, under the influence of wise and virtuous leaders of
their own race, our colored friends always see as clearly what is
really for their good, the danger will be lessened. As an indication of
what is now uppermost in their minds upon such occasions, and for
the encouragement of those who contribute to the funds of the A.
M. A., I will quote the questions they put to the candidates:
“1. Are you in favor of the States levying a tax for educational
purposes—the benefit to be equally enjoyed by all classes?
“2. Are you in favor of the State continuing the annual appropriation
of $8,000 to the Atlanta University for the higher education of the
colored youth?
“3. Are you in favor of the law known as the ‘Laborers and
Mechanics’ Lien Law’?”
Such danger coupled with such encouragement ought to nerve the
arms of A. M. A. laborers, and stimulate the alms-giving of its
contributors.

We are rejoiced to hear of the increasing prosperity of Howard

University under the presidency of Dr. W. W. Patton. The attendance
and attention of the students to their work, is, we are informed,
most gratifying and encouraging. Dr. Patton, in addition to his
presidential duties, fills an important chair in the Theological
department, the maintenance of which department our Association
shares with the Presbytery of Washington. On another page, we give
some extracts from the thoughtful Inaugural address of the new
President, which we are sure will interest our readers.
The barque “Jasper,” which sailed from the port of New York,
September 24th, carrying the missionaries Snelson, James and
White, with their families, to reinforce the Mendi Mission in North-
western Africa, was reported in the New York Herald of Saturday,
Dec. 1st, as arrived at Sierra Leone. The date of arrival was not
given. A note just received from Mr. Snelson, dated Nov. 20, then at
Freetown, assures of the health and safety of the party. The same
Hand which we trust has delivered them from the perils of the sea is
able also to deliver them from perils by land and from perils by their
own countrymen. We hope before our next issue to receive the
account of their voyage, and their first impressions of the field they
go to cultivate.

NEWS FROM THE CHURCHES.

Rev. J. E. Smith has accepted the pastoral charge of the Midway
Church, Liberty Co., Ga., succeeding Rev. Floyd Snelson, who has
gone to the Mendi Mission in Africa.
Rev. Wilson Callen has gone to the churches at Belmont and
Louisville, Ga.
Rev. J. G. Kedslie, from Jamaica, West Indies, to McLeansville, N. C.
He reports an increasing religious interest there.
Rev. J. H. H. Sengstacke is with the church at Woodville, Ga.
Mr. J. R. McLean, a student at Talladega, is preaching at Ogeechee.
Rev. William Ash has gone from Providence, R. I., to the church at
Mobile, Ala.
Two brethren from the North have recently gone to take charge of
churches in the Southern field: and Rev. Fletcher Clark, son of Rev.
Rufus W. Clark, D. D., of Albany, N. Y., to Selma, Ala., and Rev. Geo.
E. Hill, recently of Southport, Conn., to Marion, Ala.
A church of twenty-one members was recognized by Council, Nov.
12, at Marietta, Ga. It has been gathered under the labors of Rev. T.
N. Stewart, formerly of the African Methodist communion. Rev. S. S.
Ashley preached, and Revs. H. S. Bennett and J. Q. A. Erwin bore
other parts in the service. The place is a beautiful town of three or
four thousand inhabitants, with a large colored population. Several
young men have joined the new enterprise, and seem very much
interested in it.
The Central South Conference of Congregational Churches met Nov.
9th in Atlanta, Ga. The meeting was very spirited, though the
attendance was not large. The narrative of the state of religion was,
on the whole, very encouraging. Prof. Bennett, of Fisk University,
occupied one evening in giving an account of the National Council at
Detroit, and the Annual Meeting of the A. M. A. at Syracuse. Mr.
Clark, referred to above, was ordained in connection with the
meeting of conference.

SOUTHERN EXODUS NOTES.

The enrolment still goes on; 65,000 in South Carolina, 69,000 in
Louisiana, and large numbers in North Carolina, Alabama, Florida,
Arkansas and Mississippi. In South Carolina, five commissioners have
been appointed to visit Liberia and make arrangements for
emigration; and a joint stock company has been formed to issue
30,000 shares at $10 each—2,000 shares already taken.

The appeal is made especially in South Carolina and Louisiana, on

the ground of the changed political situation, which is interpreted to
signify a denial of the rights of the negro citizen, and a risk of future
oppression and even of a future restoration of slavery. Africa is
pictured as “a land flowing with milk and honey, with no white man
to molest or make afraid.” Names are enrolled on impulse, and with
little consideration, and speedily swell to large proportions. It is
much easier to write a book of Exodus than to cross the sea and go
through the wilderness.

Meanwhile, the question of emigration is being, of necessity,

investigated. Among intelligent colored men, some press their right
to the country in which they have been born, and for which they
have shed their blood; others suggest that the wealthy inhabitants
of the rich Republic of Liberia send over vessels to transport them
there, so proving their ability; others, less wise and prudent, have
sold out everything and gone to Charleston, expecting to find speedy
transportation, and have returned chagrined and disappointed.

The United States Government has issued a report of the condition

of Liberia, showing the dangers of the sea shore climate to the
health of immigrants; that Liberia has never produced sufficient food
for her own consumption, and that provisions are very high; that
while the interior is fine and healthy, it is almost inaccessible, and
thoroughly inhospitable from the jealousy of the petty kings.

Rev. Dr. Dana, of Norwich, Conn., who has given no little time to the
study of Africa, in a recent letter to the New York Herald, on the
other hand, makes the following statements: That the country in the
interior east of Liberia is healthy, productive and accessible. Boporo,
75 miles inland, is elevated, with an invigorating climate and a
productive soil. “The exhibit of Liberian products at the Centennial
was sufficient to set beyond all question the richness of the country,
and the returns it makes to average industry.” A beginning of
manufacturing has been made. The government sustains primary
schools, and five higher schools are managed by missionary
societies, and a college. The war with the natives of Cape Palmas
has terminated and a treaty been made. The Methodist, Episcopal,
Baptist and Presbyterian Churches are represented there, and have
made efficient progress. Iron ore is found there, and coffee
plantations are a source of wealth. The natives, both Pagan and
Mohammedan, are represented by Dr. Blyden as anxious to have
Christian settlers occupy the beautiful hills and fertile plains in their
neighborhood. Dr. Dana concludes: “A general exodus to Liberia of
the colored people of the South need not be apprehended, but it is
anything but commercially wise or politically just to disparage the
condition or speak derisively of the prospects of the African
Republic.”

The American Colonization Society has sent to Liberia, since the

close of the war, 3,137 colored persons. It is now preparing to
dispatch another expedition on the 2d of January next. The number
of emigrants will depend, to a considerable extent, on the means yet
to be contributed for the purpose. The society is constantly receiving
urgent applications for passage and settlement. These, with other
movements, especially in South Carolina and Florida, represent, it is
estimated, a quarter of a million of men, women and children.

INDIAN NOTES.
Notwithstanding the successful termination of the Nez Percès war, in
which General Howard so happily vindicated both his valor and his
courtesy, there is no settled and general peace among the Indian
tribes. Some 1,700 Sioux broke away while being removed from the
Red Cloud agency to their new agency on the Missouri River, and are
now on the war path. They have since been committing
depredations in the immediate vicinity of Deadwood, Dakota. They
number about two hundred lodges, a number not sufficient in itself
to render operations against them on a large scale necessary, but
probably quite large enough to keep our small available force
(exhausted as it is by the long campaign against the Nez Percès)
fully occupied should the Indians open hostilities. Although a general
Indian war is not considered to be imminent, such an event is not
impossible as the outcome of the present troubles, and may be
deemed almost probable.
The most serious feature of the situation lies in the probability that
the many roving bands who live in the country north and west of the
Black Hills, and who are thought to be in sympathy with Sitting Bull,
and to have experienced more or less injustice at the hands of the
whites, will join with the small band which is creating the present
alarm at Deadwood, and thus bring about an outbreak which it
would be quite beyond the power of our present reduced military
establishment to suppress. The opinion is expressed by officers at
the War Department, that the removal of troops from the Black Hills
region to the Texas border, may result in the protection of people in
the latter section, at the expense of the lives of those who are
exposed to much greater danger.
Meanwhile, the Ponca Indians have sent a deputation to
Washington, to remonstrate with the President against their removal
to a new reservation. They are a peaceful and civilized people, who
cannot bear to leave the houses, schools and churches they have
built and maintained. The assurances which they received of
restitution for their losses, and protection in their new homes,
though liberally made and with honest intent, were a poor comfort
to them in their enforced removal.

The Sitting Bull Commission report that that doughty chief will not
return to this country at present from his retreat across the Canada
border. His camp, however, keeps up communication with hostile
tribes, stimulating dissatisfaction, and inciting hostility; it furnishes
an asylum, also, to fugitives from justice—one hundred of the
defeated Nez Percès are now there. The commission suggests, as
required by international comity and usage, that they be removed so
far into the interior of the neutral State that they can no longer
threaten in any manner the peace and safety of our citizens.
The Senate Committee on Indian Affairs has reported a bill for
enabling Indians to become citizens of the United States. The
conditions of admission to citizenship are that the Indian shall
belong to some organized tribe or nation having treaty relations with
the United States, and that he shall appear in a United States Circuit
or District Court and make proof to its satisfaction that he is
sufficiently intelligent and prudent to control his own affairs and
interests, that he has adopted the habits of civilized life, and has for
the last five years been able to support himself and family, and that
he shall take an oath to support the Constitution of the United
States. The bill also provides that the Indian shall not, by becoming
a citizen, forfeit his distributable share of all annuities, tribal funds,
lands, or other property.

In his Annual Report, the Secretary of the Interior says that,

respecting the Indians, the great difficulty in dealing with them is
that there is no longer any frontier line; they are divided among the
whites who are constantly spreading over the Western country. The
immense region allotted them, and the strict dividing line between
them and the whites, in British America, is the reason the English
Government is enabled to manage them so easily. We can make no
such restriction, with our growing population. The report
recommends as progress toward civilization that the Indians be
gathered in smaller reservations and taught agriculture and cattle
raising; that small tracts be deeded each one, so that they may have
fixed homes; that hunting be discouraged; that proper tribunals of
justice be established; that schools be introduced, and attendance
by youth made compulsory; that farmers be employed to teach
Indians agriculture, and that Indian labor be employed on all
reservations.

CHINESE NOTES.
Governor Irwin, of California, has urged the Legislature of that State
to memorialize Congress that it is the duty of the United States
Government to prevent unlimited Chinese immigration. The State
Senate has forwarded such a document. The Memorial says, that the
180,000 Chinamen constitute one sixth of the population of
California, pay less than one-four-hundredth of the State revenue,
and send back to China $180,000,000 annually ($1,000 each); that
they have no families here; that not one has been converted to a
Christian faith or way of living; that the cheapness of their labor,
owing to their cheap living, stops American and European
immigration, and interferes with the development of the State; that
if not interfered with, they will ultimately drive out white labor, and
leave only masters and serfs on the Pacific Coast.

The “Chinese Six Companies” make a representation on their own

account, calling attention to the fact that, since the treaty, the
United States Government has received from China nearly $800,000
indemnity for outrages on American citizens and their property, while
in not one case in fifty of similar offenses against themselves have
the perpetrators been brought to justice. In the July riots in San
Francisco, when upward of thirty Chinese laundries and dwellings
were raided, some burned, one Chinaman killed, and his body
thrown into the flames, not one arrest was made by the authorities,
State or municipal. They say that for twenty-five years the
emigration has not averaged over 4,000 annually. They reiterate
what they said to the chairman of the late Chinese Congressional
Commission, the late Senator Morton, in a communication addressed
to him—“That if the restricting the emigration of our people to this
free country would have a tendency to allay the fears of the timid,
and protect our people in their just rights, we would give our aid and
countenance to any measure to that end.”

If the assertion of the California Senate, in its memorial to Congress,

that “there is no evidence that a single Chinaman has been
converted to Christianity, or has been persuaded to adopt Christian
manners and habits of life,” is a fair sample of the truthfulness of the
statements of that document, it offers a very weak foundation on
which to base a legislative enactment. This we know to be false.
Those who have read our monthly letters from Mr. Pond will not
need to be reminded that more than a hundred in our schools alone
are now giving convincing evidence that they are Christian men, and
that not simply in name, but in deed and in truth; and that a large
number have united to establish and maintain a Christian home for
the expressed purpose of adopting Christian manners and habits of
life. We are regretfully compelled to doubt the familiarity of
California Senators with the progress of Christian missions in their
own State. Are their other “facts” no truer than this?

BOOK NOTICE.
Ethiopia, or Twenty Years of Missionary Life in Western Africa. By
Rev. D. K. Flickinger.
As indicated in the title, the author of this modest volume has had
long experience as a missionary of the United Brethren to Africa.
Their mission station is near our own, and its story sheds light on
our work. With no pretension to literary or artistic merit, a very
simple and vivid description is given of the people of the north-
western coast, their homes, their houses, their food, their dress (or
lack of it), their sleep, their work, their war, their play. The grossness
of their polygamy, the superstition of their faith in gree-grees, and
their Purrow society (an Oriental Ku Klux Klan) are exposed.
We extract the account of the legend current among the Mendi tribe,
as to the order of the creation of the races, and their explanation of
their differences. The story runs thus:
“God made white man early in the morning, and take
plenty time to show him book palaver [how to read], and
God palaver [a knowledge of the Gospel], and how to
 make plenty fine things. Then he tell him go. Next he
make Mohammedan man, and show him little book
palaver, and how to make some fine things, and then he
tell him go. After this he make Mendi man, and showed
him how to farm, make country cloth, mats, canoes, and
such like things; and then he tell him go. In the last place,
he make Sherbro man; and when he get him done, the
sun go down, and he had no time to show him anything
but make salt and catch fish, but promised to come back
and show him more things. But he forgot to do it, and
that the reason Sherbro man know so little.”
Over against this we quote an old negro’s prayer:
“O God, you must remember me. You must make my
heart clean; make me no hate nobody; you made me; all
my mind then to you. Please God, you must show me how
for pray, because I don’t know how.”
 THE FREEDMEN.

NORTH CAROLINA.
Revival Work in Church and School.
MISS E. W. DOUGLASS, MCLEANSVILLE.

I must tell you the good news. Our protracted meeting is over, and it
has, indeed, been a glorious time. Never did I witness anything like
it before. I was so busy talking with inquirers, that I could not keep
any account of the number converted. I can now think of twenty.
Last Sabbath Mr. Welker was with us, and we had our communion
season. Twenty-seven were added to the church, and two others
were restored who have been wandering. Fifteen were baptized—of
these, eight were recent converts. The others were fruits of a
previous revival. One woman who wished to join us last Sabbath
could not, as she desired to be immersed. She is to be baptized next
Sabbath.
After sermon at each meeting, the inquirers were invited to go into
my rooms for instruction, while the meeting continued in the large
room. My rooms were filled every night, and many were weeping
who could not go in for want of room. As soon as one was converted
and came out, another took the place. There were very few
unmoved in the house.
Outsiders came in and made the meetings too noisy at times, but we
had less confusion than usual when such crowds gather. Our own
congregation were willing to abide by our rules, and they helped to
restrain others.
Ten of those who united with the church were from my Sabbath-
school class. Fourteen others were heads of families. Seven infants
were baptized, all from those families. Mr. Ingle was with us all the
week, and had no outside help except last Sabbath. He came over
and preached again last night.
There are many little ones who are interested; and I feel that the
Lord has given me much work in caring for these lambs.
The fame of this place has gone abroad, and I think a good teacher
will draw a large school this winter. Who are coming? When will they
come? The church is in a better state now than it has been for
years. Those who needed discipline have most of them come back to
duty.

GEORGIA.
Revival in the University.
REV. C. W. FRANCIS, ATLANTA.

We have never had more occasion for thanksgiving in this school

than in the season just past, on account of the work of the Lord
among us. A deep solemnity has pervaded the school since the
opening of the term, and every week some have been coming to
Christ. On account of the closing of schools in South Carolina, quite
a number of the young men from the University were led to unite
with college classes here this year, and nearly all these have been
converted. May we not believe that it was by special Divine leading
that they were brought to this place at this time? There has been no
interruption of regular work, and no special services have been held,
but the Lord has blessed richly the ordinary means of grace, and in
His own way has been gathering in the precious harvest. Five
members of the junior class have been brought, as we hope, to
Christ, and are seeking the best places and ways of serving Him.
There are left only two or three, who are not followers of Christ,
while most of those in the higher classes have already been brought
in. We seek the continuance of this blessing all the year, and the
ingathering of the whole school. There was never a more auspicious
time to work in this field, so far as spiritual results are concerned,
and “the regions beyond” were never more accessible or more needy
than at present. May the sympathies, aid and prayers of good people
be continued and increased!

ALABAMA.
A Church Organized—Other Churches Revived.
REV. E. P. LORD, TALLADEGA.

I have thought for some time I would try to do less, and tell you
more about it. But the things to be done are nearer at hand and
more exacting.
The Sabbath before school opened I went into the country, eight
miles from here. One of the students had been working there during
the vacation, teaching day-school, without receiving enough to pay
his board, carrying on a very successful S. S., and holding meetings.
I believe twelve had shown a change of heart and life. Nearly one
hundred people met in and around a log schoolhouse hardly large
enough to hold half the number. Those outside, however, were about
as favorably situated as those within, for the crevices between the
logs were about as large as the logs themselves. A Congregational
church, of six men and women, was organized. Three others
expected to unite with them, but were kept away that day. Four or
five more will unite soon, and we have reason to expect a vigorous
church there. It is one of the best and largest neighborhoods in the
region, and the people have already set to work upon a church
building. The next Sabbath I was there again, and baptized six
persons.
Last Sabbath I went up to Anniston, twenty-five miles away, where
another student is in charge of the Congregational church. There
have been twenty-one conversions in this church during the summer.
I immersed nine, baptized nine by sprinkling, and received nineteen
into the church. The little church building was crowded to its utmost
capacity in the evening, hardly room enough being left upon the
platform for the speaker. The church and parsonage adjoining,
finished and painted with taste, clean and tidy inside and out, as
well as the energetic and faithful pastor and his wife, and their
earnest, quiet, decorous people, remind one of a New England
village church. The contrast with most of the neighboring churches is
very marked.
I go again next Sabbath to Childersburg, twenty miles south, to
baptize and receive into that church quite a number of converts.
The school is unusually full this term, and the spirit of the pupils is
marked by all of us.

A New Pastorate—“Pauses” in Prayer Meetings not yet Introduced.

REV. CHARLES NOBLE, MONTGOMERY.

I have seen all my people in their homes now, and some of them
repeatedly, have had a crowded and very pleasant reception at the
“Home,” and begin to feel as if I knew the ground. I see great
reason for encouragement. We have 60 members on the ground
whom I can find, and who seem to be quite as consistent as the
average church members at the North. This, out of a list of 77,
seems to me a pretty good showing. Half of the absentee list is
accounted for by the former teachers who have not taken their
letters, and students at Atlanta and Talladega. I have more reliable
“prayer-meeting” members in proportion to our number than most
pastors enjoy. “Pauses” in the prayer meeting have not yet been
introduced. The majority of Christians who come to prayer-meeting
at all seem to take it for granted that they must take an active part
in carrying it forward; and the majority, male and female, do so with
great acceptance. They are free from the “Shame-facedness” of
Northern Christians about religious activity; and have not yet fallen
into any routine ways. Of course they are generally ignorant; but I
find their spiritual exercises very quickening and helpful to me. In
this respect the work is very delightful. We sustain two prayer
meetings every week, at the church Wednesday evening, and from
house to house Monday evening; and I have begun a young people’s
meeting Sunday evening half an hour before regular service, which
opens with good promise. The Lord has given us one soul as a
pledge of His readiness to bless. A bright, promising young girl has
been seeking Christ for a long time, but has been hindered by the
general superstitious notion that she must have a vision or tangible
evidence of God having heard her prayers. She has finally been
persuaded to trust God, and try to walk by faith, and has found
peace in believing. So we can already set up our Ebenezer, and go
forward.
Outside of the direct church work I am impressed with two things
especially. First, that a good number of the people are making
substantial progress in material things. They show a very healthy
tendency to seek the outskirts of the city, and to obtain homes of
their own. Montgomery is girdled all around with little cottages (not
very fine, to be sure, but a vast improvement on the plantation
cabins), which they have built on land bought with their savings
since Emancipation. The Democratic Legislature a year ago took
advantage of this fact, and, by drawing in the city limits, changed
Montgomery from a Republican to a Democratic town, throwing out
a thousand colored votes. This shows the extent of the movement.
The second thing which has struck me, is the improvement in the
old churches; or rather the evident straining after something better.
There cannot be much change while the present generation of
ignorant preachers survives; but the changes recently have all been
for the better, and a new Baptist organization has just been started
among the people themselves with no outside persuasion, with the
avowed purpose of securing an educated minister and maintaining
better discipline. It is an interesting fact that the leaders in this last
movement are all men who have been in close relations with our
church and its work. I think our Northern friends need have no fear
of the effect upon our principles of Southern kindness here in
Montgomery. The white people let us severely alone, unless they can
make a little money out of us. The Presbyterian Pastor, Dr. Petrie,
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