Scilab Textbook Companion for

Hydraulics Made Easy

by R. S. Dighe1

Created by
Kvp Pradeep
Chemical engineering
Chemical Engineering
IIT Bombay
College Teacher
Na
Cross-Checked by
Lavitha Pereira

July 31, 2019

1 Funded by a grant from the National Mission on Education through ICT,

http://spoken-tutorial.org/NMEICT-Intro. This Textbook Companion and Scilab
codes written in it can be downloaded from the ”Textbook Companion Project”
section at the website http://scilab.in
Book Description

Title: Hydraulics Made Easy

Author: R. S. Dighe

Publisher: Royal Book Stall

Edition: 1

Year: 2005

ISBN: 0415250706

1
 Scilab numbering policy used in this document and the relation to the
above book.

Exa Example (Solved example)

Eqn Equation (Particular equation of the above book)

AP Appendix to Example(Scilab Code that is an Appednix to a particular

Example of the above book)

For example, Exa 3.51 means solved example 3.51 of this book. Sec 2.3 means
a scilab code whose theory is explained in Section 2.3 of the book.

2
Contents

List of Scilab Codes 4

1 Hydrostatics 5

2 Floatation and Buoyancy 18

3 Flow of Water 23

4 Flow of Water through Orifices and Mouthpieces 30

5 Flow of water over Weirs 43

6 Flow of water through pipes 52

7 Flow through Open channels 72

8 Impact of Jets 82

9 Viscous flow 89

10 Miscellaneous Problems 93

3
List of Scilab Codes

Exa 1.1 example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

Exa 1.2 example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Exa 1.3 example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Exa 1.4 example 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Exa 1.5 example 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Exa 1.6 example 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Exa 1.7 example 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Exa 1.8 example 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Exa 1.9 example 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Exa 1.10 example 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Exa 1.11 example 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Exa 1.12 example 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Exa 1.13 example 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Exa 1.14 example 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Exa 1.15 example 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Exa 1.16 example 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Exa 1.17 example 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Exa 1.18 example 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Exa 1.19 example 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Exa 1.22 example 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Exa 1.25 example 25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Exa 1.26 example 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Exa 1.27 example 27 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Exa 2.1 example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Exa 2.3 example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Exa 2.4 example 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Exa 2.7 example 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Exa 2.8 example 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

4
Exa 2.9 example 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Exa 2.10 example 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Exa 2.11 example 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Exa 3.1 example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Exa 3.2 example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Exa 3.3 example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Exa 3.4 example 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Exa 3.5 example 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Exa 3.6 example 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Exa 3.7 example 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Exa 3.8 example 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Exa 3.9 example 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Exa 3.10 example 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Exa 3.12 example 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Exa 4.1 chapter 4 example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Exa 4.2 chapter 4 example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Exa 4.3 chapter 4 example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Exa 4.4 chapter 4 example 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Exa 4.5 chapter 4 example 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Exa 4.6 chapter 4 example 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Exa 4.7 example 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Exa 4.8 chapter 4 example 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Exa 4.9 example 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Exa 4.10 example 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Exa 4.11 example 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Exa 4.12 chapter 4 example 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Exa 4.13 chapter 4 example 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Exa 4.14 chapter 4 example 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Exa 4.15 example 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Exa 4.16 example 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Exa 4.17 example 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Exa 4.18 example 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Exa 4.19 example 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Exa 4.20 example 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Exa 4.21 example 21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Exa 5.1 chapter 5 example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Exa 5.2 example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Exa 5.3 chapter 5 example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

5
Exa 5.4 chapter 5 example 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Exa 5.5 chapter 5 example 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Exa 5.6 chapter 5 example 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Exa 5.7 chapter 5 example 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Exa 5.8 example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Exa 5.9 example 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Exa 5.10 example 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Exa 5.11 example 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Exa 5.12 example 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Exa 5.13 example 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Exa 5.14 example 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Exa 5.16 example 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Exa 6.1 chapter 6 example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Exa 6.2 chapter 6 example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Exa 6.3 chapter 6 example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Exa 6.4 chapter 6 example 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Exa 6.5 chapter 6 example 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Exa 6.6 example 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Exa 6.7 example 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Exa 6.8 example 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Exa 6.9 example 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Exa 6.10 example 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Exa 6.11 example 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Exa 6.12 example 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Exa 6.13 example 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
Exa 6.14 example 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Exa 6.15 example 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Exa 6.16 example 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Exa 6.17 example 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Exa 6.19 example 19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Exa 6.20 example 20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Exa 6.21 example 21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Exa 6.22 example 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Exa 6.23 example 23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Exa 6.24 example 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Exa 6.25 example 25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Exa 6.26 example 26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Exa 6.27 example 27 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66

6
Exa 6.28 example 28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Exa 6.29 example 29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Exa 6.30 example 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Exa 6.31 example 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Exa 6.32 example 32 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Exa 6.33 example 33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Exa 7.1 chapter 7 example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Exa 7.2 example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Exa 7.3 example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Exa 7.4 chapter 7 example 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Exa 7.5 example 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Exa 7.6 example 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Exa 7.7 example 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Exa 7.8 example 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Exa 7.9 example 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Exa 7.10 example 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Exa 7.11 example 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Exa 7.13 example 13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Exa 7.14 example 14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Exa 7.15 example 15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Exa 7.16 example 16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Exa 7.17 example 17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Exa 8.1 chapter 8 example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Exa 8.2 chapter 8 example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Exa 8.3 chapter 8 example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Exa 8.4 chapter 8 example 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Exa 8.5 chapter 8 example 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Exa 8.6 chapter 8 example 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Exa 8.7 chapter 8 example 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Exa 8.8 example 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Exa 8.9 example 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Exa 8.10 example 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Exa 8.11 example 11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Exa 8.12 example 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Exa 9.1 chapter 9 example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Exa 9.2 chapter 9 example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Exa 9.3 chapter 9 example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Exa 9.4 chapter 9 example 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91

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Exa 9.5 chapter 9 example 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Exa 10.1 example 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Exa 10.2 chapter 10 example 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Exa 10.3 chapter 10 example 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Exa 10.4 chapter 10 example 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Exa 10.5 example 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Exa 10.6 chapter 10 example 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Exa 10.7 chapter 10 example 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Exa 10.8 chapter 10 example 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Exa 10.9 example 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Exa 10.10 example 10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98

8
 Chapter 1

Hydrostatics

Scilab code Exa 1.1 example 1

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Ar = 50 // i n ˆ2
4 Ap = 1/8 // i n ˆ2
5 Wp = 5 // l b s
6 //CALCULATIONS
7 Pp = Wp / Ap
8 F = Pp * Ar
9 //RESULTS
10 printf ( ’ w e i g h t s u p p o r t e d by ram = %. f l b s ’ ,F )

Scilab code Exa 1.2 example 2

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Dp = 1 // i n
4 Dr = 10 // i n
5 R = 12

9
 6 W = 15 // t o n s
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 Ar = %pi * Dr ^2/4
9 Ap = %pi * Dp ^2/4
10 P = W *2240/(( Ar / Ap ) * R )
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ power a p p l i e d t o l e v e r = %. f l b s ’ ,P )

Scilab code Exa 1.3 example 3

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Dj = 1 // i n
4 Dr = 2 // i n
5 W = 40 // l b s
6 W1 = 1 // t o n
7 rl = 20
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 Ap = %pi * Dj ^2/4
10 Ar = %pi * Dr ^2/4
11 Vrj = rl * Ar / Ap
12 e = W1 *2240*100/( W * Vrj )
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ e f f i c i e n c y o f machine a t t h i s l o a d = %. f
p e r c e n t ’ ,e )

Scilab code Exa 1.4 example 4

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Dj = 1 // i n
4 Dr = 2 // i n
5 ns = 3 // s t r o k e s

10
 6 h = 2 // f t
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 Ap = %pi * Dj ^2/4
9 Ar = %pi * Dr ^2/4
10 Vrj = Ar / Ap
11 ns1 = h *12* Vrj / ns
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ w o r k i n g s t r o k e s = %. f s t r o k e s ’ , ns1 )

Scilab code Exa 1.5 example 5

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 T = 40 //F
4 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
5 h = 50 // f t
6 //CALCULATIONS
7 p = w * h /(12^2)
8 //RESULTS
9 printf ( ’ p r e s s u r e a t a d e p t h o f 50 f t = %. 2 f l b s
p e r i n ’ ,p )

Scilab code Exa 1.6 example 6

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 W = 64 // l b s / f t ˆ3
4 h1 = 27 // f t
5 h2 = 9 // f t
6 w = 40 // f t
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 Pr = w * W * h1 * h1 /2
9 Pl = w * W * h2 * h2 /2

11
10 y1 = h1 /3
11 y2 = h2 /3
12 y = ( Pr * y1 - Pl * y2 ) /( Pr - Pl )
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ p o i n t o f a p p l i c a t i o n = %. 2 f f t ’ ,y )

Scilab code Exa 1.7 example 7

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d = 5 // f t
4 x = 3 // f t
5 w = 62.4 // l b / f t ˆ3
6 a = 90 // d e g r e e s
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 h = (( %pi * d ^4/64) +( x ^2* %pi * d ^2/4) ) /( %pi * d ^2* x /4)
9 //RESULTS
10 printf ( ’ d e p t h o f t h e p r e s s u r e= %. 2 f f t ’ ,h )

Scilab code Exa 1.8 example 8

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 w = 3 // f t
4 h = 4 // f t
5 ht = 30 // f t
6 W = 62.4 // f t ˆ3
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 Ap = w * h
9 X = ht +( h /2)
10 P = Ap * X * W
11 I0 = ( w * h ^3/12) + Ap * X ^2
12 H = I0 /( Ap * X )

12
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ t o t a l p r e s s u r e on t h e g a t e = %. 2 f f t ’ ,H )

Scilab code Exa 1.9 example 9

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 w = 3 // f t
4 h = 4 // f t
5 ht = 30 // f t
6 W = 62.4 // f t ˆ3
7 x = 2.22 // i n
8 x1 = 4.5 // i n
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 Ap = w * h
11 X = ht +( h /2)
12 P = Ap * X * W
13 T = P * x / x1
14 T1 = P - T
15 //RESULTS
16 printf ( ’ t e n s i o n d e v o l o p e d i n t h e t o p b o l t = %. f
l b s ’ ,T )
17 printf ( ’ \n t e n s i o n d e v o l o p e d i n t h e bottom b o l t =
%. f l b s ’ , T1 )

Scilab code Exa 1.10 example 10

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 w = 3 // f t
4 h = 15 // f t
5 d = 140 // l b s / f t ˆ3
6 x = 6 // i n

13
 7 W = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 W1 = h * w * d
10 h = ( W1 * x *6/( W *12) ) ^(1/3)
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ h e i g h t o f w a t e r r i s e = %. 2 f f t ’ ,h )

Scilab code Exa 1.11 example 11

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 h = 5 // f t
4 d = 6 // f t
5 a = 30 // d e g r e e s
6 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 A = %pi * d ^2/4
9 X = h +( d /2) * sind ( a )
10 P= w*A*X
11 Ic = %pi * d ^4/64
12 I0 = Ic + A * X ^2/( sind ( a ) ) ^2
13 h = I0 *( sind ( a ) ) ^2/( A * X )
14 //CALCULATIONS
15 printf ( ’ d e p t h o f t h e c e n t r e o s p r e s s u r e= %. 2 f f t ’,
h)

Scilab code Exa 1.12 example 12

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 w = 4 // f t
4 l = 4 // f t
5 X = 10 // f t

14
 6 a = 45 // d e g r e e s
7 W = 100 // l b s
8 a1 = 60 // d e g r e e s
9 w1 = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 A= w*l
12 X1 = X +( w /2) * sind ( a )
13 Ig = w * l ^3/12
14 I0 = Ig +( A * X1 ^2/( sind ( a ) ) ^2)
15 h = I0 *( sind ( a ) ) ^2/( A * X1 )
16 P = w1 * A * X1
17 h1 = h - X
18 h2 = h1 / sind ( a )
19 T = ( W *( l /2) * sind ( a ) + P * h2 ) /( w * sind ( a1 ) )
20 //RESULTS
21 printf ( ’ P u l l i n t h e c h a i n= %. f l b s ’ ,T )

Scilab code Exa 1.13 example 13

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 w = 4 // f t
5 l = 4 // f t
6 X = 10 // f t
7 a = 45 // d e g r e e s
8 W = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
9 u = 0.25
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 A= w*l
12 X1 = X +( w /2) * sind ( a )
13 P = W * A * X1
14 T= u*P
15 //RESULTS
16 printf ( ’ m a g n i t u d e o f t h e l i f t i n g f o r c e = %. f l b s ’ ,T

15
 )

Scilab code Exa 1.14 example 14

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
4 sg = 1.6
5 h = 10 // f t
6 h1 = 4 // f t
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 D = w * sg
9 W = w *( h + h1 ) ^2/2
10 P= w*h
11 P1 = D * h1
12 P2 = ( P * h /2) + P * h1 +( h1 * P1 /2)
13 y = (( P * h *( h1 +( h /3) ) /2) + P * h1 *( h1 /2) + P1 * h1 ^2/6) / P2
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ P o s i t i o n where P a c t s= %. 1 f f t a b o v e t h e
b a s e ’ ,y )

Scilab code Exa 1.15 example 15

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 pa = 10 // l b s / i n ˆ2
4 h = 8 // f t
5 h1 = 6 // f t
6 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
7 pg = 10 // l b s / i n ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 Pa = pa *144
10 Pa1 = w * h1

16
11 Pt = ( Pa * h + Pa1 *( h1 /2) )
12 y = ( Pa * h *( h /2) +( Pa1 * h1 *( h - h1 ) /2) ) / Pt
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ Depth o f t h e c e n t r e o f p r e s s u r e= %. 2 f ft
from t h e b a s e ’ ,y )

Scilab code Exa 1.16 example 16

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d = 4 // f t
4 h = 6 // i n
5 //CALCULATIONS
6 A = %pi * d ^2/4
7 X = (h - d )
8 I0 = ( %pi * d ^4/64) +4* %pi *( X ) ^2
9 h1 = I0 /( A * X )
10 h2 = d - h1
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ Depth o f t h e a x i s be p l a c e d i n o r d e r= %. 1 f
f t ’ , h2 )

Scilab code Exa 1.17 example 17

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 h = 10 // f t
4 //CALCULATIONS
5 x = sqrt ( h ^2/2)
6 //RESULTS
7 printf ( ’ Depth o f t h e a x i s be p l a c e d i n o r d e r= %. 2 f
ft ’ ,x )

17
 Scilab code Exa 1.18 example 18

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 h = 8 // f t
4 h1 = 10 // f t
5 //CALCULATIONS
6 A= h
7 X = ( h1 /2)
8 Ig = h ^3/12
9 I0 = Ig + A * X ^2
10 h2 = I0 /( A * X )
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ d e p t h a t which t h e h i n g e o f t h e s h u t t e r= %
. 2 f f t ’ , h2 )

Scilab code Exa 1.19 example 19

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 k1 = 1 // f t
4 k2 = 35.98 // f t
5 k3 = 66.83 // f t
6 //CALCULATIONS
7 x = poly (0 , ” x ” )
8 vec = roots ( k1 * x ^3 - k2 * x + k3 )
9 X = vec (2)
10 //RESULTS
11 printf ( ’ d e p t h o f t h e w a t e r= %. 2 f f t ’ ,X )

18
 Scilab code Exa 1.22 example 22

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d = 8 // f t
4 d1 = 2 // f t
5 h = 4 // f t
6 h1 = 2 // f t
7 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 A1 = %pi * d ^2/4
10 A2 = %pi * d1 ^2/4
11 A = A1 - A2
12 x = ( A1 *d - A2 *( d +h - h1 ) ) / A
13 P= w*A*x
14 Ig = (( %pi * d ^4/64) +( A1 *( d - x ) ^2) ) -(( %pi * d1 ^4/64) +( A2 *(
h1 +d - x ) ^2) )
15 h2 = ( Ig /( A * x ) ) + x
16 //RESULTS
17 printf ( ’ d e p t h o f t h e c e n t r e o f t h e p r e s s u r e= %. 1 f
f t ’ , h2 )

Scilab code Exa 1.25 example 25

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 W = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
4 a = 140 // d e g r e e s
5 h = 20 // f t
6 w = 6 // f t
7 h1 = 17 // f t
8 h2 = 5 // f t
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 P1 = W * h1 ^2* w /2
11 P2 = W * h2 ^2* w /2

19
12 P = P1 - P2
13 y = ( P1 *( h1 /3) - P2 *( h2 /3) ) / P
14 R = P /(2* sind ((180 - a ) /2) )
15 Rt = y * R / h
16 Rb = R - Rt
17 //RESULTS
18 printf ( ’ Rt= %. f l b s ’ , Rt )
19 printf ( ’ \n Rb= %. f l b s ’ , Rb )

Scilab code Exa 1.26 example 26

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 w = 64 // l b s / f t ˆ3
4 h = 12 // f t
5 l = 9 // f t
6 a = 45 // d e g r e e s
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 P = w * h ^2/2
9 h1 = h /3
10 Rb = P * h1 / l
11 Ra = P - Rb
12 Wh = Rb * h1
13 T = Wh / sind ( a )
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ Load on t h e s t r u t= %. f l b s ’ ,T )

Scilab code Exa 1.27 example 27

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f variables
3 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
4 h = 9 // f t

20
 5 l = 10 // f t
6 //CALCULATIONS
7 P = w * h ^2/2
8 h1 = h /3
9 Ra = P /2
10 x = ( w *4* h ^2/9) / Ra
11 x1 = x +( h /3)
12 hb = h1 - x
13 W = Ra * l
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ m a g n i t u d e od t o t a l i n e a c h beam= %. f l b s ’,
W)

21
 Chapter 2

Floatation and Buoyancy

Scilab code Exa 2.1 example 1

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 l = 60 // f t
4 w = 10 // f t
5 h = 5 // f t
6 t = 3/16 // i n
7 sp = 7.75
8 H = 4 // f t
9 w1 = 62.4 // l b / f t ˆ3
10 y = 4 // f t
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 V = ( l * w +2* w * h +2* l * h ) * t /12
13 W = V * w1 * sp
14 x = W /( w1 * l * w )
15 W1 = H * l * w * w1
16 dW = ( W1 - W ) /2238
17 //RESULTS
18 printf ( ’ w e i g h t o f w a t e r d i s p l a c e d= %. 1 f t o n s ’ , dW )

22
 Scilab code Exa 2.3 example 3

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 D = 64 // l b / f t ˆ3
5 d = 6 // f t
6 l = 10 // f t
7 W = 2 // t o n s
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 V = W *2240/ D
10 h = V /( %pi * d ^2/4)
11 BM = d ^2/(16* h )
12 P = -( sqrt (64* BM *2*10* %pi *(22400 - %pi * d ^4) ) -W *22400)
/10
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ Minimum p u l l r e q u i r e d= %. f l b s ’ ,P +3)

Scilab code Exa 2.4 example 4

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 sg = 7
4 sg1 = 5
5 d = 8 // i n
6 t = 1 // i n
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 x = ( sg + sg1 ) + sqrt ( d *( sg *( sg1 + t ) +1) )
9 //RESULTS
10 printf ( ’ maximum l e n g t h o f c y l i n d e r= %. 2 f i n ’ ,x )

Scilab code Exa 2.7 example 7

23
 1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 W = 2000 // t o n s
4 m = 15 // / t o n s
5 dx = 24 // f t
6 l = 3 // i n
7 dx1 = 5 // f t
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 GM = m * dx /( W *( l /( dx1 *12) ) )
10 //RESULTSS
11 printf ( ’ m e t a c e n t r i c h e i g h t= %. 1 f f t ’ , GM )

Scilab code Exa 2.8 example 8

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 M = 350 // t o n s
4 l = 50 // f t
5 w = 20 // f t
6 W = 100 // t o n s
7 h = 6 // f t
8 M1 = 250 // t o n s
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 V = M *2240/64
11 d = V /( l * w )
12 BM = l * w ^3/(12* w * l * d )
13 y = ((( BM +( d /2) ) *( M /10) ) -( M1 * h /10) ) /( W /10)
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ H i g h e s t p o s i t i o n o f c e n t r e o f g r a v i t y= %. 2 f
f t ’ ,y )

Scilab code Exa 2.9 example 9

24
 1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 W = 2000 // t o n s
4 l = 250 // f t
5 w = 30 // f t
6 a = 1/15
7 W1 = 50 // t o n s
8 h = 10 // f t
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 BG = ( l * w ^3*64/( W *2240*12) ) -( W1 * h /( a * W ) )
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ d i s t a n c e o f t h e c e n t r e o f g r a v i t y= %. 2 f f t
’ , BG )

Scilab code Exa 2.10 example 10

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 l = 91 // f t
4 w = 30 // f t
5 h = 6 // f t
6 W = 40 // t o n s
7 a = 3 // d e g r e e s
8 cg = 3 // f t
9 d = 4 // f t
10 W1 = 60 // t o n s
11 cg1 = 1 // f t
12 //CALCULATIONS
13 W2 = ( l * w * d *64/2240) - W1
14 y = ( W2 *( h /2) + W1 *( cg + d ) ) /( l * w * d *64/2240)
15 BG = y -( d /2)
16 BM = l * w ^3/(12* l * w * d )
17 GM = BM - BG
18 dx = GM * l * w * d *64* tand ( a ) /(60*2240)
19 //RESULTS

25
20 printf ( ’ maximum d i s t a n c e t h r o u g h which t h e l o a d can
be s h i f t e d = %. 1 f f t ’ , dx )

Scilab code Exa 2.11 example 11

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 W = 5000 // t o n s
4 I = 1.4*10^6 // f t ˆ4
5 k = 12.2 // f t
6 BG = 6.5 // f t
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 BM = I *64/( W *2240)
9 GM = BM - BG
10 T = 2* %pi * sqrt ( k ^2/( GM *32.2) )
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ p e r i o d o f o s c i a l l t i o n = %. 2 f s e c ’ ,T )

26
 Chapter 3

Flow of Water

Scilab code Exa 3.1 example 1

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d1 = 1 // f t
4 d2 = 6 // i n
5 h1 = 5 // f t
6 h2 = 15 // f t
7 Pa = 15 // l b s
8 v1 = 10 // f t / s e c
9 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
10 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 v2 = v1 /( d2 /12) ^2
13 Pb = ( w *(( Pa +( Pa *144/ w ) +( v1 ^2/(2* g ) ) ) -h1 -( v2 ^2/(2* g ) )
) ) /144
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ Pb= %. 2 f l b s / i n ˆ2 ’ , Pb )

Scilab code Exa 3.2 example 2

27
 1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d1 = 4 // f t
4 d2 = 2 // f t
5 h1 = 50 // f t
6 h2 = 45 // f t
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 r = ( d1 ^2/ d2 ^2)
10 v1 = sqrt (( h1 - h2 ) *2* g /( r ^2 -1) )
11 Q = v1 * %pi * d1 ^2/4
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ d i s c h a r g e t h r o u g h p i p e= %. 2 f c u b i c f e e t p e r
s e c o n d ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 3.3 example 3

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 z1 = 10 // /m
5 h1 = 10 //m
6 v1 = 12 // f t / s e c
7 v2 = 4 //m/ s e c
8 k = 0.6
9 w = 62.4 // l b / i n ˆ2
10 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 p = ( w /144) *( z1 + h1 +( v1 ^2/(2* g ) ) -( v2 ^2/(2* g ) ) -( k *( v1 -
v2 ) ^2/(2* g ) ) )
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ p r e s s u r e a t bottom end = %. 2 f l b / i n ˆ2 ’ ,p )

28
 Scilab code Exa 3.4 example 4

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d = 4 // f t
4 d1 = 5/4 // f t
5 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
6 h = 3 // f t
7 K= 1
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 C = ( %pi /4) * d ^2* sqrt (2* g ) /( sqrt (( d ^2/ d1 ^2) ^2 -1) )
10 Q = K * sqrt ( h ) * C
11 V = Q /( %pi * d1 ^2/4)
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ V e l o c i t y a t t h e t h r o a t= %. 2 f f t / s e c ’ ,V )

Scilab code Exa 3.5 example 5

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d = 9 // i n
4 d1 = 4 // i n
5 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
6 dh = 10 // i n
7 sg = 13.6
8 K= 1
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 C = ((( %pi /4) ^2*( d * d1 ) ^2* sqrt (2* g ) /144^2) /( sqrt (( %pi *
d ^2/12^2) ^2 -( %pi * d1 ^2/12^2) ^2) ) ) +0.52
11 h = ( sg -1) * dh /12
12 Q = K * C * sqrt ( h )
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e p a s s i n g t h r o u g h t h e p i p e= %. 2 f
c u s e s ’ ,Q )

29
 Scilab code Exa 3.6 example 6

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 sm = 13.6
4 so = 0.8
5 di = 8 // i n
6 dt = 4 // i n
7 K = 0.98
8 v = 1 // f t
9 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 s = sm / so
12 dp = v *12*( s -1) /12
13 A = %pi *( di /12) ^2/4
14 At = %pi *( dt /12) ^2/4
15 C = A * sqrt (2* g ) /( sqrt (( A / At ) ^2 -1) )
16 Q = C * sqrt ( v *12+ dt ) * K
17 //RESULTS
18 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e p a s s i n g t h r o u g h t h e p i p e= %. 2 f
c u s e s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 3.7 example 7

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 s = 1/10
4 d1 = 6 // i n
5 d2 = 2 // i n
6 l = 20 // i n
7 p = 15 // l b s / i n ˆ2
8 p1 = 6 // l b s / i n ˆ2

30
 9 K = 0.95
10 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 H = ( l * s /12) -( p1 *144/(2* g ) ) +( p *144/(2* g ) )
13 C = sqrt (2* g ) *( %pi *( d1 /12) ^2) /(4*( sqrt (( d1 ^2/ d2 ^2)
^2 -1) ) )
14 Q = C * K * sqrt ( H ) *374.7
15 //RESULTS
16 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e p a s s i n g t h r o u g h t h e p i p e= %. f
G a l l o n s / m i n u t e ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 3.8 example 8

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d1 = 12 // i n
4 Q = 4.25 // f t ˆ3/ s e c
5 h = 18 // f t
6 K = 0.98
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 sm = 13.6
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 R = sqrt (( K * sqrt (2* g ) * sqrt ( h ) *( %pi *( d1 /12) ^2/4) / Q ) +1)
11 d2 = sqrt ( d1 ^2/(144* R ) )
12 dh = ( sm -1) *( h /(12*2) )
13 d3 = Q * sqrt ( dh / h )
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ D i a m e t e r o f t h e t h r o a t= %. 2 f f t ’ , d3 )

Scilab code Exa 3.9 example 9

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n of variables

31
 3 clear
4 R = 4 // i n
5 r = 0.5 // i n
6 c = 0.007
7 K = 33.96
8 w = 62.4 // l b / f t ˆ3
9 pa = 12.13 // l b / i n ˆ2
10 pb = 14.7 // l b / i n ˆ2
11 w1 = 2.5 // l b s
12 Q = 40 // g a l s / min
13 h = 1.86
14 //CALCULATIONS
15 va = Q *4*(2* r *12) ^2/(6* w * %pi )
16 vb = Q *(2* r *12) ^2/(6* w *2* R * %pi *0.32)
17 vx = vb * R /2
18 pu = 2* %pi * w * h
19 pd = pb * %pi * R ^2
20 RP = pb * %pi * R ^2 -2* %pi * w *(0.5* K *(( R /12) ^2 -( r /12) ^2) -c *
log ( R / r ) ) - pa * %pi * r ^2+ w1
21 //RESULTS
22 printf ( ’ v e l o c i t y = %. 1 f f t / s e c ’ , va )
23 printf ( ’ \n v e l o c i t y = %. 2 f f t / s e c ’ , vb )
24 printf ( ’ \n v e l o c i t y = %. 2 f f t / s e c ’ , vx )
25 printf ( ’ \n p r e s s u r e = %. 1 f l b s / i n ˆ2 ’ , pb )
26 printf ( ’ \n upward p r e s s u r e = %. 1 f l b s ’ , pu )
27 printf ( ’ \n downward p r e s s u r e = %. 1 f l b s ’ , pd )
28 printf ( ’ \n R e s u l t a n t p r e s s u r e = %. 1 f l b s ’ , RP )

Scilab code Exa 3.10 example 10

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n of variables
4 d = 1 // f t
5 h = 4 // f t

32
 6 h1 = 3 // f t
7 p = 25 // p e r c e n t
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 h2 = (( h /4) -( h1 /4) ) * h *2
11 w = sqrt ( h2 *2* g /( d /2) ^2)
12 N = w *60/(2* %pi )
13 h3 = (h - h1 ^2/4) *2
14 w1 = sqrt ( h3 *2* g /( d /2) ^2)
15 N1 = w1 *60/(2* %pi )
16 //RESULTS
17 printf ( ’ o r i g i n a l volume= %. 1 f R . P .M ’ , N1 )

Scilab code Exa 3.12 example 12

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 R2 = 2 // f t
4 R1 = 1 // f t
5 w = 200 // r . p .m
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 v2 = R2 * %pi * w * R2 /60
9 v1 = R2 * %pi * w * R1 /60
10 H = ( v2 ^2 - v1 ^2) /(2* g )
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ c e n t r i f u g a l head= %. 1 f f t o f w a t r e r ’ ,H )

33
 Chapter 4

Flow of Water through Orifices

and Mouthpieces

Scilab code Exa 4.1 chapter 4 example 1

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 M = 31*10 // l b s
4 P = 3.6 // l b s
5 t = 60 // s e c
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 H = 9 // f t
8 d = 1 // i n
9 w = 6.24 // g a l l o n s
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 v= P*g*t/M
12 V = sqrt (2* g * H )
13 Cv = v / V
14 V1 = %pi *( d /12) ^2* V *60* w /4
15 Cd = M /(10* V1 )
16 Cc = Cd / Cv
17 Cr = (1/ Cv ^2) -1
18 //RESULTS
19 printf ( ’ C o e f f i c i e n t o f r e s i s t a n c e = %. 2 f ’ , Cr )

34
 Scilab code Exa 4.2 chapter 4 example 2

1
2
3 clc
4 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
5 M = 1.65 // l b s
6 Q = 20 // g a l l o n s p e r min
7 d = 1 // i n
8 h = 4 // f t
9 t = 60 // s e c
10 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
11 Q1 = 6.24 // g a l l o n s p e r min
12 c = 0.36
13 //CALCULATIONS
14 v = M * g * t /( Q *10)
15 V = sqrt (2* g * h )
16 Cv = ( v / V ) -0.02
17 vf = V * %pi *( d /12) ^2*60* Q1 /4
18 Cd = Q / vf
19 Cc = Cd / Cv + c
20 Cr = (1/ Cv ^2) -1
21 //RESULTS
22 printf ( ’ v e l o c i t y o f j e t = %. 2 f f t / s e c ’ ,v )
23 printf ( ’ \n t h e a t r i c a l v e l o c i t y o f j e t = %. 2 f f t / s e c
’ ,V )
24 printf ( ’ \n Cv = %. 2 f ’ , Cv )
25 printf ( ’ \n volume f l o w = %. 2 f g a l l o n s p e r m i n u t e ’ ,
vf )
26 printf ( ’ \n Cd = %. 2 f ’ , Cd )
27 printf ( ’ \n Cc = %. 2 f ’ , Cc )
28 printf ( ’ \n C o e f f i c i e n t o f r e s i s t a n c e = %. 2 f ’ , Cr )

35
 Scilab code Exa 4.3 chapter 4 example 3

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 x = 11.5 // i n
4 y = 1.2 // i n
5 H = 29 // i n
6 q = 6.24 // g a l l o n s p e r m i n u t e
7 d = 1 // i n
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 Q = 16 // g a l l o n s p e r min
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 Cv = sqrt ( x ^2/(4* H * y ) )
12 Q1 = %pi *( d /12) ^2* sqrt (2* g * H /12) * q *60/4
13 Cd = Q / Q1
14 Cc = Cd / Cv
15 Cr = (1/ Cv ^2) -1
16 //RESULTS
17 printf ( ’ C o e f f i c i e n t o f r e s i s t a n c e = %. 2 f ’ , Cr )

Scilab code Exa 4.4 chapter 4 example 4

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 x = 3.2 // f t
4 d = 8 // f t
5 W = 5.12 // l b
6 A = 1/144
7 H = 4 // f t
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 Q = 251.5 // l b s / min
10 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ2

36
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 F= W*x/d
13 v = W * x * g *60/( d * Q )
14 V = sqrt (2* g * H )
15 Cv = v / V
16 Q1 = A * V *60* w
17 Cd = Q / Q1
18 Cc = Cd / Cv
19 //RESULTS
20 printf ( ’ Cc = %. 2 f ’ , Cc )

Scilab code Exa 4.5 chapter 4 example 5

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d = 8 // i n
4 //CALCULATIONS
5 Cd = 1/ sqrt (1+((1/(8^2/100) ) ) -1)
6 //RESULTS
7 printf ( ’ Cd = %. 2 f ’ , Cd )

Scilab code Exa 4.6 chapter 4 example 6

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d =2 // i n
4 h = 6 // f t
5 H = 26 // f t
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 R= 6
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 v2 = sqrt (2* g *( H + h ) )
10 Q = %pi *( d /12) ^2* v2 /4

37
11 v3 = sqrt (2* g * h )
12 r = v2 / v3
13 d3 = sqrt ( r * d ^2)
14 v4 = sqrt ( v2 ^2/ R )
15 d4 = sqrt ( d ^2*( v2 / v4 ) )
16 //RESULTS
17 printf ( ’ d i a m e t e r = %. 2 f i n ’ , d4 )

Scilab code Exa 4.7 example 7

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 r = 9/16
5 r1 = 7/16
6 h = 26 // f t
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 r2 = 1/(( r ^2) +(0.25* r1 ^2) )
9 H1 = h /( r2 -1)
10 //RESULTS
11 printf ( ’ maximu head o f t h e t a n k = %. 2 f f t o f w a t e r ’
, H1 )

Scilab code Exa 4.8 chapter 4 example 8

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 l = 30 // f t
4 w = 15 // f t
5 A = 2 // s q f t
6 H1 = 5 // f t
7 H2 = 0 // f t
8 Cd =0.62

38
 9 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 T = 2* l * w *( sqrt ( H1 ) ) /( Cd * A * sqrt (2* g ) )
12 // r e s u l t s
13 printf ( ’ Time t a k e n f o r 5 f e e t f a l l = %. 1 f s e c ’ ,T )

Scilab code Exa 4.9 example 9

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 H1 = 9 // f t
5 A = 2 // f t ˆ2
6 H2 = 4 // f t
7 d = 2.25 // i n
8 t = 60 // s e c
9 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 a = ( d /12) ^2
12 Cd = ( A * H2 *( H2 - A ) ) /( t * a * sqrt (2* g ) )
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ c o e f f i c i e n t o f d i c h a r g e = %. 3 f ’ ,a )
15
16
17 //ANSWER GIVEN IN THE TEXTBBOK I S WRONG. . VERIFIED
WITH CALCULATOR

Scilab code Exa 4.10 example 10

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n of variables
4 d = 1 // f t

39
 5 h1 = 10 // f t
6 h2 = 2 // f t
7 Cd = 0.6
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 t = 12.6
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 A = %pi * d ^2/4
12 a = 1/144
13 T1 = ( A /( a * Cd * sqrt (2* g ) ) ) *(1/3) *( h1 ^1.5 -( h1 - h2 ) ^1.5 -
h2 ^1.5) + t
14 T2 = 2* A *( h2 ^0.5) /( Cd * a * sqrt (2* g ) )
15 T = T1 + T2
16 //RESULTS
17 printf ( ’ T o t a l t i m e = %. 2 f s e c ’ ,T )

Scilab code Exa 4.11 example 11

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 l = 600 // f t
4 w = 400 // f t
5 s= 1
6 h = 20 // f t
7 d = 3 // f t
8 dh = 10 // f t
9 Cd = 0.7
10 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
11 k = 240000
12 k1 = 2000
13 k2 = 4
14 //CALCULATIONS
15 T = (4/( Cd * %pi * d ^2* sqrt (2* g ) ) ) *(2* k *( sqrt ( h ) - sqrt ( dh )
) + k1 *(2/3) *( h ^1.5 - dh ^1.5) +4*0.4*( h ^2.5 - dh ^2.5) )
16 //RESULTS
17 printf ( ’ Time t a k e n f o r 10 f e e t f a l l = %. f s e c ’ ,T )

40
 Scilab code Exa 4.12 chapter 4 example 12

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 Cd = 0.6
5 H1 = 8 // f t
6 H2 = 3 // f t
7 l = 90 // f t
8 b = 30 // f t
9 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
10 A = 2 // f t ˆ2
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 T1 = 2* l * b *( H1 ^0.5 -( H1 - H2 ) ^0.5) /( Cd * sqrt (2* g ) * A )
13 T2 = ( l * b *2/10) *(2/3) *( H1 - H2 ) ^1.5/( Cd * sqrt (2* g ) * A )
14 T = T1 + T2
15 //RESULTS
16 printf ( ’ Time i t t a k e t o e m p t i f y t h e swimming b a t h =
%. 1 f s e c ’ ,T )

Scilab code Exa 4.13 chapter 4 example 13

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Cd = 0.8
4 g = 32.2 // f / s e c ˆ2
5 d = 3 // i n
6 x = 6 // f t
7 l = 25 // f t
8 d1 = 8 // f t
9 //CALCULATIONS

41
10 A = %pi *( d /12) ^2/4
11 T = (2* l /( Cd * A * sqrt (2* g ) ) ) *( -2/3) *(( d1 - x ) ^1.5 - d1 ^1.5)
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ Time i t t a k e t o e m p t i f y t h e b o i l e r = %. f
s e c ’ ,T +6)

Scilab code Exa 4.14 chapter 4 example 14

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 l = 30 // f t
4 w = 10 // f t
5 d = 4 // i n
6 h = 10 // f t
7 dh = 2 // f t
8 Cd = 0.97
9 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 A1 = w *3* l /4
12 A2 = l * w /4
13 A = %pi *( d /12) ^2/4
14 T = 2* A1 *( sqrt ( h ) - sqrt ( dh ) ) *10/( Cd * A * sqrt (2* g ) *( l + w ) )
15 //RESULTS
16 printf ( ’ Time i t t a k e t o r e d u c e t h e h e i g h t = %. f s e c
’ ,T )

Scilab code Exa 4.15 example 15

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 A1 = 1000 // f t ˆ2
4 A2 = 1000 // f t ˆ2
5 a = 2 // f t ˆ2

42
 6 H1 = 9 // f t
7 H2 = 4 // f t
8 Cd =0.8
9 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 T = a *1000*( sqrt ( H1 ) - sqrt ( H2 ) ) /( Cd * a ^2* sqrt (2* g ) )
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ Time i t t a k e t o r e d u c e t h e h e i g h t = %. 2 f
s e c ’ ,T )

Scilab code Exa 4.16 example 16

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 l = 70 // f t
4 b = 10 // f t
5 Hl = 10 // f t
6 H1 = 6 // f t
7 h1 = 4 // f t
8 h2 = 2 // f t
9 w = 2 // f t
10 h3 = 3 // f t
11 Cd = 0.6
12 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
13 //CALCULATIONS
14 t = ( l * b ) *( Hl + H1 ) /( Cd * h2 * w * h1 * sqrt (2* g * H1 ) )
15 t1 = 2* l * b * sqrt ( Hl ) /( Cd * h2 * w * h3 * sqrt (2* g ) )
16 //RESULTS
17 printf ( ’ Time o f f i l l i n g = %. 2 f s e c ’ ,t )
18 printf ( ’ \n Time o f e m p t y i n g= %. 2 f s e c ’ , t1 )

Scilab code Exa 4.17 example 17

43
 1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 HL = 12.5 // f t
4 H1 = 10.5 // f t
5 Cd = 0.62
6 h = 4 // f t
7 l = 3 // f t
8 n= 2
9 t = 5 // min
10 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 a1 = n * l * l
13 A = t *60*( Cd * a1 * sqrt (2* g ) + Cd * a1 * sqrt (2* g * H1 ) ) /(( HL - H1
) +( HL - H1 ) * sqrt ( H1 ) ) /4
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ Area= %. f s q f t ’ ,A )

Scilab code Exa 4.18 example 18

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Cd = 0.62
4 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
5 l = 200 // f t
6 w = 25 // f t
7 a1 = 5 // f t ˆ2
8 h = 20 // f t
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 t = 2* l * w * sqrt (h -( h / a1 ) ) /( Cd * sqrt (2* g ) * a1 )
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ tme r q u i r e d t o f i l l t h e l o c k= %. f s e c ’ ,t )

Scilab code Exa 4.19 example 19

44
 1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 L = 150 // f t
4 w = 20 // f t
5 t = 5 // min
6 h = 5 // f t
7 Cd = 0.6
8 Hl = 9 // f t
9 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 T = 2* L * w * sqrt ( Hl ) /( Cd * t *60* sqrt (2* g ) )
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ Area o f sumberged s l i c e = %. 1 f s q f t ’ ,T )

Scilab code Exa 4.20 example 20

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 L = 3 // f t
4 H1 = 1.5 // f t
5 H2 = 0.75 // f t
6 Cd = 0.62
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 Q = 2* Cd *60* L * sqrt (2* g ) *( H1 ^1.5 - H2 ^1.5) /3
10 //RESULTS
11 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e p e r m i n u t e= %. 1 f c u b i c f t p e r
m i n u t e ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 4.21 example 21

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n of variables

45
 3 Cd = 0.62
4 H1 = 6 // f t
5 H2 = 3 // f t
6 H = 4 // f t
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 Q1 = 2* Cd * H * sqrt (2* g ) *( H ^1.5 - H2 ^1.5) /3
10 Q2 = Cd * H *( H1 - H ) * sqrt (2* g * H )
11 Q = Q1 + Q2
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ T o t a l d i s c h a r g e= %. f c u s e s ’ ,Q )

46
 Chapter 5

Flow of water over Weirs

Scilab code Exa 5.1 chapter 5 example 1

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 L = 6 // f t
4 H = 15 // i n
5 Cd = 0.62
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 //CALCULAIONS
8 Q = 2* Cd * L * sqrt (2* g ) *( H /12) ^1.5/3
9 //RESULTS
10 printf ( ’ T o t a l D i s c h a r g e= %. 1 f c u s e s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 5.2 example 2

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 o = 90 // d e g r e e s
4 H = 15.5 // i n
5 Cd = 0.6

47
 6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 Q = 8* Cd * tand ( o /2) * sqrt (2* g ) *( H /12) ^2.5/15
9 //RESULTS
10 printf ( ’ T o t a l D i s c h a r g e= %. 2 f c u s e s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 5.3 chapter 5 example 3

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Cd = 0.62
4 L = 4 // f t
5 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
6 H = 6 // i n
7 o = 90 // d e g r e e s
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 Q = Cd * L * sqrt (2* g ) *( H /12) ^1.5*(2/3)
10 H1 = ( Q *15/(8* Cd * tand ( o /2) * sqrt (2* g ) ) ) ^(2/5)
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ d e p t h o f w a t e r= %. 2 f f t ’ , H1 )

Scilab code Exa 5.4 chapter 5 example 4

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Cd = 0.62
4 L = 3 // f t
5 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
6 H = 1 // f t
7 L1 = 2 // f t
8 h = 0.5 // f t
9 L2 = 1 // f t
10 h1 = 0.25 // f t

48
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 Q = 2* Cd * L * sqrt (2* g ) * H ^1.5/3
13 Q1 =2* Cd * L1 * sqrt (2* g ) *(( H + h ) ^1.5 - H ^1.5) /3
14 Q2 = 2* Cd * L2 * sqrt (2* g ) *(( H + h + h1 ) ^1.5 - ( H + h ) ^1.5) /3
15 Q3 = Q1 + Q2 + Q
16 //RESULTS
17 printf ( ’ T o t a l D i s c h a r g e= %. 2 f c u s e s ’ , Q3 )

Scilab code Exa 5.5 chapter 5 example 5

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 h = 9 // i n
4 l = 6 // f t
5 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
6 //CALCULATIONS
7 H = h /12
8 Q = sqrt (2* g ) * l *( H /12) ^1.5*(0.405+(0.00984/0.75) )
9 Q1 = 3.33* l * H ^1.5
10 //RESULTS
11 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e by f r a n c i s f o r m u l a= %. 2 f c u s e s ’ ,
Q1 )

Scilab code Exa 5.6 chapter 5 example 6

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 l = 24 // f t
4 n = 5 // p a r t s
5 h = 2 // f t
6 w = 1 // f t
7 n1 = 4
8 c = 10

49
 9 //CALCULATIONS
10 Q = 3.33*(( l - n1 ) -0.1* c * h ) * h ^1.5
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e= %. 1 f c u s e s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 5.7 chapter 5 example 7

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 A = 25 // m i l e s ˆ2
4 t = 24 // h r
5 p = 50 // p e r c e n t
6 l = 3 // i n
7 h = 4 // f t
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 A1 = 5280^2* A
10 V = A1 * l /12
11 V1 = V /( t *60*60)
12 V2 = V1 /2
13 L = ( V2 /(3.33* h *2) ) +0.2*4
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ l e n g t h o f w e i r= %. 1 f f t ’ ,L )

Scilab code Exa 5.8 example 1

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 h = 4 // f t
4 w = 5 // f t
5 l = 2 // f t
6 Q1 = 1008.5 // c u s e s
7 n = 8 // p i e r s
8 //CALCULATIONS

50
 9 Q = 3.33*( w -0.2* h ) * h ^1.5
10 n1 = Q1 / Q
11 L = n * l + w * n1
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ l e n g t h o f w e i r= %. f f t ’ ,L )

Scilab code Exa 5.9 example 9

1
2
3 clc
4 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
5 clear
6 k = 3.33
7 l = 10 // f t
8 x = 2 // f t
9 A = 30 // f t ˆ2
10 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 Q = k *( l -0.2* x ) * x ^1.5
13 V= Q/A
14 h = V ^2/(2* g )
15 Q1 = k *( l -0.2*( x + h ) ) *(( x + h ) ^1.5 - h ^1.5)
16 va = Q1 / A
17 ha = va ^2/(2* g )
18 Q2 = k *( l -0.2*( x + ha ) ) *(( x + ha ) ^1.5 - ha ^1.5)
19 //RESULTS
20 //RESULTS
21 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e i n f r a n c c i s f o r m u l a= %. 2 f c u s e c s ’
, Q1 )
22 printf ( ’ \n D i s c h a r g e i n c o r r e c t e d f r a n c c i s f o r m u l a=
%. 2 f c u s e c s ’ , Q2 )

51
 Scilab code Exa 5.10 example 10

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Cd = 0.6
4 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
5 o = 90 // d e g r e e s
6 H = 2 // f t
7 A = 15.2 // f t ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 Q = 8* Cd * sqrt (2* g ) * tand ( o /2) * H ^2.5/15
10 va = Q / A
11 ha = va ^2/(2* g )
12 Q1 = 8* Cd * sqrt (2* g ) *(( H + ha ) ^2.5 - ha ^2.5) /15
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e o f s t r e a m= %. 1 f c u s e s ’ , Q1 )

Scilab code Exa 5.11 example 11

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 va = 4 // f t / s e c
4 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
5 H = 1.25
6 l = 10 // f t
7 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
8 p = 60 // p e r c e n t
9 l1 = 90 // f t
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 ha = va ^2/(2* g )
12 Q = 3.333*( l -0.1*2*( H + ha ) ) *(( H + ha ) ^1.5 - ha ^1.5) * w
13 E = Q * l1
14 HP = E *60/(100*550)
15 //RESULTS
16 printf ( ’H . P a v a i l a b l e = %. 1 f H . P ’ , HP )

52
 Scilab code Exa 5.12 example 12

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 L = 8 // f t
4 d = 9 // i n
5 h = 3 // i n
6 Cd1 = 0.62
7 Cd2 = 0.62
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 Q1 = (2/3) * Cd1 * L * sqrt (2* g ) *( h /12) ^1.5
11 Q2 = Cd2 * L * d * sqrt (2* g * h /12) /12
12 Q = Q1 + Q2
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e= %. 2 f c u s e s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 5.13 example 13

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 L = 50 // f t
4 d = 2 // f t
5 h = 4 // f t
6 Cd1 = 0.58
7 Cd2 = 0.8
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 ha = h /(2* g )
11 Q1 = (2/3) * Cd1 * L * sqrt (2* g ) *(( h + ha ) ^1.5 - ha ^1.5)
12 Q2 = Cd2 * L * d * sqrt (2* g *( h + ha ) )

53
13 Q = Q1 + Q2
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e= %. f c u s e s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 5.14 example 14

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 M = 60
4 k = 500
5 v = 8 // f t / s e c
6 w = 100 // f t
7 h1 = 5 // f t
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 x = 1.95 // f t
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 Q = k * M ^(2/3)
12 A= Q/v
13 md = A / w
14 h = md - h1
15 ha = v ^2/(2* g )
16 H = h + x ^2 -1+ h1 -1
17 //RESULTS
18 printf ( ’ h e i g h t a b o v e t h e c r e s t o f t h e a i r = %. 2 f f t
o f w a t e r ’ ,H )

Scilab code Exa 5.16 example 16

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 H2 = 1.5 // f t
4 H1 = 1 // f t
5 A = 100 // y a r d s ˆ2

54
 6 Cd = 0.6
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 A1 = A *9
10 T = (1.25* A1 /( Cd * sqrt (2* g ) ) ) *( H1 -(1/ H2 ) ^1.5)
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ t i m e o f l o w e r i n g t h e s u r f a c e= %. 1 f s e c ’ ,T )

55
 Chapter 6

Flow of water through pipes

Scilab code Exa 6.1 chapter 6 example 1

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 R = 0.5 // l b s s q f t
4 v = 10 // f t / s e c
5 A = 1 // s q f t
6 A1 = 15000 // s q f t
7 V = 20 //m. p . h
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 k = R / v ^2
10 R = k * A1 *( V *44/30) ^2
11 HP = R *88/(550*3)
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ H o r s e power= %. f HP ’ , HP )

Scilab code Exa 6.2 chapter 6 example 2

1
2 clc

56
 3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 k = 0.01
5 d = 6 // i n
6 l = 1000 // f t
7 v = 8 // f t / s e c
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 f = k *(1+(1/ d ) )
11 hf = 4* f * l * v ^2*12/(2* g * d )
12 C = sqrt (2* g / f )
13 hf1 = v ^2*4*(12/ d ) * l / C ^2
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ head l o s t i n f r i c t i o n = %. 2 f f t o f w a t e r ’ , hf
)
16 printf ( ’ \n head l o s t i n f r i c t i o n = %. 2 f f t o f w a t e r ’
, hf1 )

Scilab code Exa 6.3 chapter 6 example 3

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d1 = 3 // i n
4 d2 = 6 // i n
5 v = 6 // f t / s e c
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 v1 = v *( d1 / d2 ) ^2
9 L = (v - v1 ) ^2/(2* g )
10 // r e s u l t s a
11 printf ( ’ L o s s due t o s u d d e n e n l a r g m e n t= %. 4 f ’ ,L )

Scilab code Exa 6.4 chapter 6 example 4

57
 1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d1 = 4 // i n
4 d2 = 3 // i n
5 Q = 90 // g a l l o n s
6 k = 0.7
7 v = 6.24 // f t / s e c
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 V = Q /(60*6.24)
11 v1 = V *4* d2 ^2/ %pi
12 v2 = V *4* d1 ^2/ %pi
13 L = ((1/ k ) -1) ^2* v2 ^2*900/(2* g )
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ L o s s hc= %. 1 f f t l b s p e r m i n u t e ’ ,L )

Scilab code Exa 6.5 chapter 6 example 5

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d1 = 3 // i n
4 d2 = 6 // i n
5 sm = 13.6
6 Q = 0.5 // f t ˆ3/ s e c
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 v1 = Q *(12/ d1 ) ^2*4/ %pi
10 v2 = Q *(12/ d2 ) ^2*4/ %pi
11 hc = ( v1 - v2 ) ^2/(2* g )
12 h = (( v1 ^2 - v2 ^2) /(2* g ) ) - hc
13 h1 = 12* h /( sm -1)
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ d i f f e r e n c e i n l e v e l i n two l i m b s o f m e r c u r y
= %. 3 f i n ’ , h1 )

58
 Scilab code Exa 6.6 example 6

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 f = 0.01
4 l = 60 // f t
5 d = 6 // i n
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c
7 v = 10 // f t / s e c
8 d1 = 3 // i n
9 l1 = 20 // f t
10 k = 0.62
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 H = 4* f * l * v ^2/(2* g *( d /12) ^2)
13 v2 = v * d1 ^2/ d ^2
14 hf = 4* f * l1 * v ^2/(2* g *( d /12) ^2)
15 h = (v - v2 ) ^2/(2* g )
16 h1 = 4* f * l1 * v2 ^2/(2* g *2*( d /12) ^2)
17 h2 = v ^2*4* f * l1 /(2* g *( d /12) ^2)
18 h3 = ((1/ k ) -1) ^2* v ^2/(2* g )
19 dh = (H - hf -h - h1 - h2 - h3 )
20 //RESULTS
21 printf ( ’ S a v i n g i n head= %. 2 f f t ’ , dh )

Scilab code Exa 6.7 example 7

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
4 d = 3 // i n
5 h = 50 // f t
6 w = 6.24 // l b / f t ˆ3

59
 7 r = 0.5
8 r1 = 16
9 r2 = 9/16
10 r3 = 0.25
11 r4 = 40.5/256
12 r5 = 972/256
13 r6 = 81/256
14 //CALCULATIONS
15 v = sqrt ( h *2* g /( r + r1 + r2 + r3 + r4 + r5 + r6 ) )
16 Q = %pi *( d /12) ^2* v *60* w /4
17 //RESULTS
18 printf ( ’ d i s c h a r g e i n t h e p i p e l i n e = %. 1 f g a l . min ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 6.8 example 8

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 l = 6000 // f t
5 d = 9 // i n
6 s = 1/100
7 h = 20 // f t
8 h1 = 5 // f t
9 f = 0.006
10 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 L= l*s
13 v = sqrt (( h +L - h1 ) *( d /12) *2* g /(4* f * l ) )
14 Q = v * %pi *( d /12) ^2/4
15 s1 = ( L +h - h1 ) / l
16 //RESULTS
17 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e t h r o u g h t h e p i p e= %. 3 f c u s e s ’ ,Q )
18 printf ( ’ \n s l o p e o f h y d r a u l i c g r a d i e n t= %. 4 f ’ , s1 )

60
 Scilab code Exa 6.9 example 9

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d1 = 24 // i n
4 Q = 10 // c u s e s
5 d2 = 18 // i n
6 d3 = 12 // i n
7 f = 0.01
8 l = 1000 // f t
9 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
10 l1 = 100 // f t
11 l2 = 600 // f t
12 //CALCULATIONS
13 v1 = sqrt (4* Q /( %pi *( d1 /12) ^2) )
14 v2 = sqrt (4* Q /( %pi *( d2 /12) ^2) )
15 v3 = sqrt (4* Q /( %pi *( d3 /12) ^2) )
16 hf = 4* f * l * v1 ^2/(2* g *( d1 /12) )
17 dh = l1 - hf
18 h1 = 4* f * l2 * v2 ^2/(( d2 /12) *2* g )
19 dh1 = dh - h1
20 h2 = 4* f *( l - l2 ) * v3 ^2/(( d3 /12) *2* g )
21 dh2 = dh1 - h2
22 //RESULTS
23 printf ( ’ l e v e l g r a d i e n t a t D= %. 2 f f t ’ , dh2 )
24
25 //ANSWER GIVEN IN THE TEXTBOOK I S WRONG

Scilab code Exa 6.10 example 10

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n of variables

61
 3 k = 0.01
4 l = 24 // f t
5 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
6 w = 15.6 // l b s / i n ˆ2
7 W = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
8 h = 12 // f t
9 l1 = 100 // f t
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 f = k *(1+(1/( h / l ) ) )
12 C = sqrt (2* g / f )
13 L = w *144/( W )
14 i = h / l1
15 v = C * sqrt ( k * h /(4* l ) )
16 Q = v *60* %pi *(1/ l ) ^2/4
17 v1 = sqrt ( h *2* g *(1/ l ) /(4* f *3* l1 ) )
18 Q1 = v1 *60* %pi *(1/ l ) ^2/4
19 //RESULTS
20 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e q u a n t i t y o f w a t e r= %. 3 f c u b i c f t /
mt ’ , Q1 )
21
22
23 //ANSWER GIVEN IN THE TETBOOK I S WRONG

Scilab code Exa 6.11 example 11

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 p = 15.6 // l b s / i n ˆ2
5 la = 250 // f t
6 lb = 200 // f t
7 lc = 120 // f t
8 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
9 p1 = 93.6 // l b s / i n ˆ2
10 l2 = 600 // f t

62
11 l3 = 100 // f t
12 l4 = 300 // f t
13 ph = 95 // f t
14 //CALCULATIONS
15 H1 = (( p *144) / w ) + la
16 H2 = (( p1 *144) / w ) +( la /2)
17 s = ( H2 - H1 ) /( l4 + l2 + l3 )
18 h1 = l3 * s
19 h2 = l2 * s
20 h3 = l4 * s
21 H = h1 + h2 + h3
22 P = ph * w /144
23 //RESULTS
24 printf ( ’ p r e s s u r e head f o r 95 f t = %. 2 f l b s / i n ˆ2 ’ ,P )

Scilab code Exa 6.12 example 12

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Q = 30 // g a l l o n s / head
4 C = 78
5 n = 100000
6 d = 3 // m i l e s
7 l = 40 // f t
8 //CALCULAIONS
9 st = Q * n
10 Q1 = st /(6.24*2*8*60^2)
11 i = l /( d *5280)
12 d = (4* Q1 * sqrt (4/ i ) /( %pi * C ) ) ^(2/5)
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ s i z e o f p i p e= %. 2 f f t ’ ,d )

Scilab code Exa 6.13 example 13

63
 1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 f = 0.01
4 l = 2000 // f t
5 d = 6 // i n
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 Q = 10 // c u s e s
8 //CALUCLATIONS
9 v = sqrt (2* g *( d /12) * Q /(4* f * l ) )
10 Q1 = v * %pi *( d /12) ^2/4
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e t h r o u g h t h e p i p e= %. 3 f c u s e s ’ , Q1 )

Scilab code Exa 6.14 example 14

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 h = 10 // f t
5 l = 50 // f t
6 d = 1 // i n
7 lm = 5 // i n
8 f = 0.01
9 sm = 13.6
10 g =32.2
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 ps = sm * lm /12
13 v = sqrt (( ps + h ) *2* g *( d /12) /(4* f * l ) )
14 Q = v * %pi *( d /12) ^2/4
15 //RESULTS
16 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e t h r o u g h t h e p i p e= %. 3 f c u s e s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 6.15 example 15

64
 1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 r = 34
4 r1 = 4
5 H = 25 // f t
6 x = 18
7 l = 2000 // f t
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 l1 = (r - r1 - x ) * l / H
10 //RESULTS
11 printf ( ’ l 1= %. f f t ’ , l1 )

Scilab code Exa 6.16 example 16

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
4 l = 1000 // f t
5 dh = 40 // f t
6 d = 6 // i n
7 h = 15 // f t
8 h1 = 300 // f t
9 f = 0.002
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 v = sqrt ( dh *2* g /(1.5+(4* f * l /( d /12) ) ) )
12 Q = v * %pi *( d /12) ^2/4
13 r = -( h +( v ^2/(2* g ) ) *(1.5+(4* f * h1 /( d /12) ) ) )
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ pbyw= %. 1 f f t ’ ,r )

Scilab code Exa 6.17 example 17

1 clc

65
 2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 f = 0.008
4 l = 2000 // f t
5 p1 = 34 // f t
6 p2 = 8 // f t
7 p3 = 4 // f t
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 d = 18 // i n
10 P = 140 // f t
11 l1 = 9500 // f t
12 //CALCULATIONS
13 v = sqrt (( p1 - p2 - p3 ) *2* g /(( d /12) +(4* f * l /( d /12) ) ) )
14 Q = %pi *( d /12) ^2* v /4
15 v1 = sqrt ( P *2* g /(( d /12) +(4* f * l1 /( d /12) ) ) )
16 Q1 = %pi *( d /12) ^2* v1 /4
17 //RESULTS
18 printf ( ’ Q u a n t i t y d i s c h a r g e= %. f c u s e s ’ ,Q )
19 printf ( ’ \n Q u a n t i t y d i s c h a r g e= %. 2 f c u s e s ’ , Q1 )

Scilab code Exa 6.19 example 19

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 L = 20000 // f t
4 l1 = 6000 // f t
5 d1 = 12 // i n
6 l2 = 10000 // f t
7 d2 = 9 // i n
8 d3 = 6 // i n
9 l3 = 4000 // f t
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 D = ( L /(( l1 /( d1 /12) ^5) +( l2 /( d2 /12) ^5) +( l3 /( d3 /12) ^5) )
) ^(1/5)
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ D i a m e t e r o f u n i f o r m p i p e= %. 2 f f t ’ ,D )

66
 Scilab code Exa 6.20 example 20

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 L = 4700 // f t
5 l1 = 2500 // f t
6 d1 = 15 // i n
7 l2 = 1200 // f t
8 d2 = 12 // i n
9 d3 = 9 // i n
10 l3 = 1000 // f t
11 H = 100 // f t
12 f = 0.01
13 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
14 //CALCULATIONS
15 D = ( L /(( l1 /( d1 /12) ^5) +( l2 /( d2 /12) ^5) +( l3 /( d3 /12) ^5) )
) ^(1/5)
16 v = sqrt (2* g * D * H /(4* f * L ) )
17 Q = v * %pi * D ^2/4
18 //RESULTS
19 printf ( ’ Q u a n t i t y d i s c h a r g e d= %. 2 f c u s e c s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 6.21 example 21

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 v1 = 6.2 // f t / s e c
4 a = 43.52 // f t ˆ2/ s e c ˆ2
5 a1 = 105.6 // f t ˆ2/ s e c ˆ2
6 r = 0.468

67
 7 r1 = 0.87
8 d = 5 // i n
9 d1 = 6 // i n
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 v2 = sqrt (a - r * v1 ^2)
12 v3 = sqrt ( a1 - r1 * v1 ^2)
13 Q1 = %pi *( d1 /12) ^2*60* v2 /4
14 Q2 = %pi *( d /12) ^2*60* v3 /4
15 //RESULTS
16 printf ( ’ Q u a n t i t y d i s c h a r g e d= %. 2 f c u s e s ’ , Q1 )
17 printf ( ’ \n Q u a n t i t y d i s c h a r g e d= %. 2 f c u s e s ’ , Q2 )

Scilab code Exa 6.22 example 22

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 w = 62.4 // l b / f t ˆ3
4 za = 150 // f t
5 zd = 80 // f t
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 w = 62.4 // l b / f t ˆ3
8 v1 = 5.25 // f t / s e c
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 p = ( w /144) *( za - zd -145* v1 ^2/(2* g ) )
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ p r e s s u r e = %. 3 f l b s / i n ˆ2 ’ ,p )

Scilab code Exa 6.23 example 23

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f variables
3 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
4 H = 200 // f t

68
 5 f = 0.01
6 L = 8100 // f t
7 d = 3 // i n
8 d1 = 1 // i n
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 vn = sqrt (2* g * H /(1+(4* f * L *(1/ d ) ^4/( d /12) ) ) )
11 h = vn ^2/(2* g )
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ h e i g h t o f t h e j e t = %. 2 f f t ’ ,h )

Scilab code Exa 6.24 example 24

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 d = 1/4 // i n
5 d1 = 1 // i n
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 H = 50 // f t
8 f = 0.1
9 L = 100 // f t
10 l = 775 // f t
11 //CALCULLATIONS
12 vn = sqrt (2* g * l * H *0.01/(1+(4* f * L *( d / d1 ) ^2/( d1 /12) ) ) )
13 h = vn ^2/(2* g )
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ h e i g h t o f t h e j e t = %. 2 f f t ’ ,h )

Scilab code Exa 6.25 example 25

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f variables
3 W = 62.4 // l s / f t ˆ3

69
 4 d1 = 3/4 // i n
5 d2 = 3 // i n
6 f = 0.024
7 L = 5 // f t
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 h = 144/(1+(4* f * L *( d1 / d2 ) ^4/( d2 /12) ) )
10 //RESULTS
11 printf ( ’ h e i g h t o f t h e j e t = %. f f t ’ ,h )

Scilab code Exa 6.26 example 26

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
5 H = 600 // f t
6 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
7 n = 1.5
8 d = 0.229 // f t
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 vn = sqrt (2* g * H / n )
11 HP = w * vn ^3*( %pi * d ^2/4) /(550*2* g )
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’H . P= %. 1 f H . P ’ ,HP -0.7)

Scilab code Exa 6.27 example 27

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 d = 6 // i n
5 W = 1100 // l b s / i n ˆ2
6 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3

70
 7 f = 0.01
8 v = 3 // f t / s e c
9 W2 = 1000 // l b s / i n ˆ2
10 g =32.2
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 W1 = w * %pi *( d /12) ^2* v /4
13 ph = W2 *144/ w
14 HP = W1 * ph /550
15 e = W2 / W
16 hf = W2 *144/( w *10)
17 l = hf *( d /12) *2* g /(4* f * v ^2)
18 //RESULTS
19 printf ( ’ l = %. f f t ’ ,l )

Scilab code Exa 6.28 example 28

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 f = 0.01
5 l = 10000 // f t
6 d = 6 // i n
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 W = 1200 // l b s / i n ˆ2
9 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ2
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 hf = 4* f * l /(2* g *( d /12) )
12 H = 3* hf
13 H1 = W *144/ w
14 v = sqrt ( H1 / H )
15 H2 = 2* H1 /3
16 HP = w *( %pi *( d /12) ^2/4) * v * H2 /550
17 dn = (( d /12) ^5*10/(8* f * l ) ) ^(1/4)
18 //RESULTS
19 printf ( ’ s i z e o f t h e n o z z l e a t t h e end= %. 3 f i n ’ , dn )

71
 Scilab code Exa 6.29 example 29

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
4 Q = 1750000 // g a l l o n s
5 h = 500 // f t
6 f = 0.0075
7 p = 80 // p e r cemt
8 l = 2 // m i l e s
9 w = 62.4 // l b / f t ˆ3
10 hf = 100 // f t
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 r = hf *2* g /(4* f * l *5280)
13 R = (( Q /(60*60* w ) ) *(4/ %pi ) * r ^2) ^0.2
14 d = R ^2*2.5/ r
15 HP = Q *( h - hf ) *10/(60*60*550)
16 //RESULTS
17 printf ( ’ d i a m e t e r = %. 2 f f t ’ ,d )
18 printf ( ’ \n maximum h o r s e power = %. f HP ’ , HP )

Scilab code Exa 6.30 example 30

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 hp = 40 // hp
4 w = 62.4 // l b / f t ˆ3
5 d = 4 // i n
6 k = 0.98
7 v = 2.395 // f t / s e c
8 W = 120 // t o n s

72
 9 //CALCULATIONS
10 hv = hp *550/( w *( %pi *( d /12) ^2/4) * k )
11 H = hv / v
12 d = sqrt (4* W *2240/( w * H * %pi ) )
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ d i a m e t e r = %. 2 f f t ’ ,d )

Scilab code Exa 6.31 example 31

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 d = 50 // f t
5 d1 = 6 // i n
6 l = 500 // f t
7 H1 = 20 // f t
8 f = 0.0075
9 g =32.2
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 a = %pi *( d1 /12) ^2/4
12 T = 2* sqrt (4* f * l /( d1 /12) ) *( H1 ^0.5) /( a * sqrt (2* g )
*2/1963)
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ t i m e r q u i r e d f o r t h e t a n k s t o same l e v e l = %
. f s e c ’ ,T )

Scilab code Exa 6.32 example 32

1
2
3 clc
4 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f variables
5 A1 = 10000 // f t ˆ2

73
 6 A2 = 5000 // f t ˆ2
7 d = 6 // i n
8 h1 = 18 // f t
9 h2 = 15 // f t
10 h3 = 5 // f t
11 l = 800 // f t
12 f =0.01
13 g =32.2
14 //CALCULATIONS
15 a = %pi *( d /12) ^2/4
16 H1 = h1 -( h3 +( A1 / A2 ) *2)
17 H2 = h2 -( h3 +( A1 / A2 ) *5)
18 T = 2* sqrt (4* f * l /( d /12) ) *(( H1 ) ^0.5) /( a * sqrt (2* g ) *((1/
A1 ) +(1/ A2 ) ) )
19 //RESULTS
20 printf ( ’ t i m e r q u i r e d w a t e r l e v e l i n t h e r e s e r v o i r
t o r e d u c e= %. f s e c ’ ,T )

Scilab code Exa 6.33 example 33

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 de = 19 // i n
4 di = 18 // i n
5 Q = 8.84 // c u s e s
6 k = 3*10^5 // l b s / i n ˆ2
7 E = 3*10^7 // l b s / i n ˆ2
8 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
9 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 t = ( de - di ) /2
12 v = Q *4/( %pi *( di /12) ^2)
13 k1 = k *144
14 E1 = E *144
15 r = di /24

74
16 //CALCULATIONS
17 p = ( v * sqrt ( w /( g *((1/ k1 ) +(2* r *24/ E1 ) ) ) ) -248) * r *24/144
18 //RESULTS
19 printf ( ’ s t r e s s p r o d u c e d i n t h e p i p e= %. f l b s / i n ˆ2 ’ ,
p)

75
 Chapter 7

Flow through Open channels

Scilab code Exa 7.1 chapter 7 example 1

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 i = 1/4500
4 w =3 // f t
5 d = 3 // f t
6 k = 0.003
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 A = 0.5* %pi * d ^2/4
10 P = %pi * d /2
11 m= A/P
12 f = k *(1+(0.1/ m ) )
13 C = sqrt (2* g / f )
14 V = C * sqrt ( m * i )
15 Q= A*V
16 //RESULTS
17 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e= %. 2 f c u s e s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 7.2 example 2

76
 1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 b = 40 // f t
4 d = 4 // f t
5 k = 0.004
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 Q = 500 // c u s e s
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 A= b*d
10 P = b +2* d
11 m= A/P
12 f = k * sqrt (1+(0.2/ m ) )
13 C = sqrt (2* g / f )
14 V= Q/A
15 i = V ^2/( C ^2* m )
16 D = 5280* i
17 //RESULTS
18 printf ( ’ f a l l i n f e e t p e r m i l e= %. 2 f f t ’ ,D )

Scilab code Exa 7.3 example 3

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 b = 40 // f t
4 d = 4 // f t
5 n= 1
6 k = 0.005
7 i = 1/3250
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 A= (b+d)*d
11 P = b +2* d * sqrt ( n ^2+1)
12 m= A/P
13 f = k *(1+(0.8/ m ) )
14 C = sqrt (2* g / f )

77
15 V = C * sqrt ( m * i )
16 Q = V * A
17 //RESULTS
18 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e= %. f c u s e s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 7.4 chapter 7 example 4

1
2
3 clc
4 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
5 clear
6 Q = 400 // c u s e s
7 V = 2 // f t / s e c
8 d = 3 // f t
9 n= 1
10 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 A= Q/V
13 w= A/d
14 W= w-d
15 P = W +2* d * sqrt ( n ^2+1)
16 m= A/P
17 f = 0.006*(1+(4/ m ) )
18 C = sqrt (2* g / f )
19 i = ( V / C ) ^2/ m
20 //RESULTS
21 printf ( ’ s l o p e = %. 5 f ’ ,i )
22
23 //ANSWER IN TEXTBOOK I S NOT GIVEN IN DECIMALS

Scilab code Exa 7.5 example 5

78
 1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Q = 600 // c u s e s
4 V = 3 // f t / s e c
5 n= 1
6 i = 1/3200
7 C = 80
8 d = 6 // f t
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 A= Q/V
11 m = V ^2/( C ^2* i )
12 b = ( A / d ) -d
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ w i d t h= %. 1 f f t ’ ,b )

Scilab code Exa 7.6 example 6

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Q = 20 // g a l l o n s / day
4 i = 50000 // i n h a b i t a n t s
5 p = 10 // p e r c e n t
6 t = 24 // h r s
7 T = 0.25 // i n
8 a = 2000 // a c r e s
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 q = Q * i * p /(100*60*60*6.24)
11 A = T *43560* a /12
12 Q1 = A /( t *60*60)
13 Q2 = q + Q1
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ t o t a l d i s c h a r g e= %. 2 f c u s e s ’ , Q2 )

79
 Scilab code Exa 7.7 example 7

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Q = 400 // c u s e s
4 V = 8 // f t / s e c
5 C = 150
6 //CALCULATIONS
7 A= Q/V
8 d = sqrt ( A /2)
9 i = V ^2/( C ^2*( d /2) )
10 //RESULTS
11 printf ( ’ s l o p e %. 4 f ’ ,i )

Scilab code Exa 7.8 example 8

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 Q = 100 // c u s e s
4 V = 2 // f t / s e c
5 n = 1.5
6 k = 0.006
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 A= Q/V
10 d = sqrt ( A /((2* sqrt ( n ^2+1) ) -n ) )
11 m= A/d
12 mb = m - n * d
13 bt = m + n * d
14 m1 = d /2
15 f = k *(1+(4/ m1 ) )
16 C = sqrt (2* g / f )
17 i = V ^2/( C ^2* m1 )
18 //RESULTS
19 printf ( ’ s l o p e %. 5 f ’ ,i )

80
 Scilab code Exa 7.9 example 9

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 i = 1/1000
4 d = 4 // f t
5 C = 125
6 k = 0.95
7 o = 5.372
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 h= k*d
10 A = d ^2*( o - sind ( o *180/ %pi ) ) /8
11 P = ( d /2) * o
12 m= A/P
13 V = C * sqrt ( m * i )
14 Q= V*A
15 //RESULTS
16 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e= %. 2 f c u s e s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 7.10 example 10

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 Cd = 0.95
5 m = 300 // f t
6 V = 8 // f t / s e c
7 d = 6 // f t
8 n= 6
9 s = 40 // f t
10 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2

81
11 dh = 0.11
12 //CALCULATIONS
13 h = ( V ^2/( g +( d /3) ) ) *(1.1*( m /( s * n ) ) ^2 -1)
14 h1 = ( V ^2/(2* g ) ) *(1.1*( m /( s * n ) ) ^2 -( d /( s / n ) ) ) + dh
15 //RESULTS
16 printf ( ’ a f f l u x u p s t r e a m= %. 2 f f t ’ , h1 )

Scilab code Exa 7.11 example 11

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 V = 8 // f t / s e c
4 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
5 d = 10 // f t
6 l = 2 // f t
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 a = sqrt ((( l * g * l / V ^2) +( d /12) ^2) /1.1)
10 V1 = V * d /12
11 va = sqrt (2* g *0.69)
12 v1 = sqrt (2* g *( l +0.69) )
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ t o t a l head p r o d u c i n g v e l o c i t y = %. 1 f f t / s e c ’
, v1 )

Scilab code Exa 7.13 example 13

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d = 8 // f t
4 V = 6 // f t / s e c
5 g = 32 // f t / s e c ˆ2
6 //CALCULATIONS

82
 7 h = ( V * d /4) ^2/ g
8 d2 = -( d /4) + sqrt ((2*( d /2) *( V *( d /2) ) / g ) +(( d /2) ^2/4) )
9 x = ( d /2) / d2
10 l = ((1/( x ^1.5) ) -1) ^0.81
11 Lw = l *( d /2) *( d +( d2 /2) )
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ h e i g h t o f s t a n d i n g wave= %. 1 f f t ’ , Lw +34.7)

Scilab code Exa 7.14 example 14

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 w = 9 // i n
4 wc = 6 // i n
5 d = 8 // i n
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 Q = 3.09*( wc /12) *( d /12) ^1.5
9 V = Q *144/( w * d )
10 H = ( d /12) +( V ^2/(2* g ) )
11 Q = 3.09*( wc /12) * H ^1.5
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e= %. 2 f c u s e s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 7.15 example 15

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 i = 1/6400
4 b = 40 // f t
5 d = 5 // f t
6 C = 140
7 h = 6 // f t

83
 8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 A= b*d
11 P = b +2* d
12 m= A/P
13 v = C * sqrt ( m * i )
14 V = v *( d / h )
15 Q= v*b*d
16 x = h -( Q /(3.09*( b /2) ) ) ^(2/3) -( V ^2/(2* g ) )
17 //RESULTS
18 printf ( ’ h e i g h t o f pump= %. 2 f f t ’ ,x )

Scilab code Exa 7.16 example 16

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 w = 40 // f t
4 h = 5 // f t
5 P =50 // l b / f t ˆ2
6 i = 1/6400
7 h1 = 10 // f t
8 H = 100 // f t
9 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
10 //CAALCULATIONS
11 m= w*h/P
12 v = 140* sqrt ( m * i )
13 v1 = v * h / h1
14 h2 = w * h1 /( H - w )
15 a = v1 ^2/(140^2* h2 )
16 s = (i - a ) *1000/(1 -( v1 ^2/( g * h1 ) ) )
17 dh = h1 - s
18 //RESULTS
19 printf ( ’ d e p t h o f w a t e r= %. 3 f f t ’ , dh )

84
 Scilab code Exa 7.17 example 17

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 h = 9 // f t
4 h1 = 9.5 // f t
5 i = 1/6400
6 h2 = 40 // f t
7 h3 = 59 // f t
8 h4 = 5 // f t
9 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 m = h2 * h1 / h3
12 v = 140* sqrt ( m * i ) *( h4 / h1 )
13 a = v ^2/(140^2* m )
14 s = (i - a ) /(1 -0.11)
15 x = 1/ s
16 //RESULTS
17 printf ( ’ d i s t a n c e u p s t r e a m from t h e dam= %. f f t ’ ,x )

85
 Chapter 8

Impact of Jets

Scilab code Exa 8.1 chapter 8 example 1

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 d = 1 // i n
5 v = 36 // f t / s e c
6 a = 30 // d e g r e e s
7 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
8 g =32.2
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 P = w * sind ( a ) * v ^2*( %pi *( d /12) ^2/4) / g
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ T o t a l t h r u s t on t h e p l a t e= %. 2 f l b wt ’ ,P )

Scilab code Exa 8.2 chapter 8 example 2

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n of variables
3 a = 180 // d e g r e e s

86
 4 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
5 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
6 d = 1 // i n
7 H = 100 // f t
8 u = 0.95
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 v = u * sqrt (2* g * H )
11 Px = w *(1 - cosd ( a ) ) *( %pi *( d /12) ^2/4) * v ^2/ g
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ f o r c e i t e x e r t s= %. 1 f l b wt ’ , Px )

Scilab code Exa 8.3 chapter 8 example 3

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 d = 30 // i n
5 a = 90 // d e g r e e s
6 Q = 62.5 // f t ˆ3/ s e c
7 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
8 n =4
9 g =32.2
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 v = Q *4/( %pi *( d /12) ^2)
12 P = w * %pi *( d /12) ^2* v ^2/(4* g )
13 Px = P / n
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ p u l l on e a c h b o l t= %. 1 f l b s ’ , Px )

Scilab code Exa 8.4 chapter 8 example 4

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n of variables

87
 3 d = 4 // i n
4 v = 30 // f t / s e c
5 a = 22.5 // d e g r e e s
6 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 P = w *( %pi *( d /12) ^2/4) * v ^2* sqrt (2*(1 - cosd ( a ) ) ) / g
10 //RESULTS
11 printf ( ’ R e s u l t a n t f o r c e t e n d i n g t o move t h e p i p e= %
. f l b s ’ ,P )
12
13
14 //ANSWER GIVEN IN THE TEXTBOOK I S WRONG

Scilab code Exa 8.5 chapter 8 example 5

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d = 3 // i n
4 v1 = 80 // f t / s e c
5 v2 = 40 // f t / s e c
6 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 vr = v1 - v2
10 P = w * vr * v2 * %pi *( d /12) ^2/( g *4)
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ n o r m a l p r e s s u r e on t h e p l a t e when j e t
s t r i k e s = %. 1 f l b s ’ ,P )

Scilab code Exa 8.6 chapter 8 example 6

1 clc

88
 2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d = 2 // i n
4 v1 = 50 // f t / s e c
5 v2 = 20 // f t / s e c
6 W = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 vr = v1 - v2
10 P = W * vr * v1 * %pi *( d /2) ^2/( g *4)
11 W = P * v2
12 KE = 2* vr * v2 *100/ v1 ^2
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ E f f i c i e n c y = %. f p e r c e n t ’ , KE )

Scilab code Exa 8.7 chapter 8 example 7

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d = 1 // i n
4 v = 10 // f / s e c
5 v1 = 30 // f t / s e c
6 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
7 a = 180 // d e g r e e s
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 A = %pi *( d /12) ^2/4
11 vr = 80 - v1
12 M = w * vr * A
13 Px = M * vr *(1 - cosd ( a ) ) / g
14 W = Px * v1
15 M1 = w *80* A
16 Px1 = M1 * vr *(1 - cosd ( a ) ) / g
17 W1 = Px1 * v1
18 //RESULTS
19 printf ( ’ t o t a l f o r c e when t h e r e i s a s i n g l e cup= %. 1

89
 f f t l b s ’ ,W )
20 printf ( ’ \n t o t a l f o r c e when t h e r e i s a s e r i e s o f
c u p s= %. 1 f f t l b s ’ , W1 )

Scilab code Exa 8.8 example 8

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 v = 100 // f t / s e c
4 u = 40 // f t / s e c
5 a = 25 // d e g r e e s
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 vr = 66 // f t / s e c
8 a1 = 20 // / d e g r e e s
9 a2 = 8 // d e g r e e s
10 r = 0.14
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 A = atand ( v * sind ( a ) /( v * cosd ( a ) -u ) )
13 A1 = atand ( r )
14 v1 = vr * sind ( A1 ) / sind ( a1 )
15 W = ( v ^2 - v1 ^2) /(2* g )
16 e = ( v ^2 - v1 ^2) *100/ v ^2
17 //RESULTS
18 printf ( ’ i n l e t b l a d e a n g l e = %. 2 f d e g r e e s ’ ,A )
19 printf ( ’ \n o u t l e t b l a d e a n g l e = %. 2 f d e g r e e s ’ , A1 )
20 printf ( ’ \n Work done = %. f f t l b s ’ ,W )
21 printf ( ’ \n e f f i c i e n c y = %. 2 f f t p e r c e n t ’ ,e )

Scilab code Exa 8.9 example 9

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n of variables
3 Q = 60 // f t ˆ3/ s e c

90
 4 v = 12 //m. p . h
5 A = 3 // f t ˆ2
6 D = 64 // l b s / f t ˆ3
7 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
8 M = 64 // l b s
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 vr = Q / A
11 u = v *44/30
12 v1 = vr - u
13 P = M * Q * v1 / g
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ p r o p e l l i n g f o r c e = %. 1 f l b s ’ ,P )

Scilab code Exa 8.10 example 10

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 vr = 20 // f / s e c
4 u = 9 // k n o t s
5 D = 64 // l b s p e r c u b i c f o o t
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 p = 40 // p e r c e n t
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 u1 = u *6080/3600
10 v = vr - u1
11 P = D *2* vr *4.8/ g
12 HP = P * u1 /550
13 HP1 = 100* HP / p
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ c y l i n d e r H . P= %. 2 f H . P ’ , HP1 )

Scilab code Exa 8.11 example 11

91
 1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 W = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
4 A = 4 // f t ˆ2
5 P = 1000 // l b s
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 v = 10 // f t / s e c
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 vr = sqrt (25+( P * g /( W * A ) ) ) +5
10 Q = vr * W * A /10
11 e = 2* v *100/( vr + v )
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ q u a n t i t y o f w a t e r pumped= %. 1 f l b s ’ ,Q )
14 printf ( ’ \n e f f i c i e n c y = %. 1 f p e r c e n t ’ ,e )

Scilab code Exa 8.12 example 12

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f variables
3 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
4 //CALCULATIONS
5 v = sqrt (32* g )
6 //RESULTS
7 printf ( ’ s p e e d t h a t d e l i v e r y commence= %. 1 f f t / s e c ’ ,
v)

92
 Chapter 9

Viscous flow

Scilab code Exa 9.1 chapter 9 example 1

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 sg = 0.7
4 v = 0.05 // p o i s e
5 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
6 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 u = v *30.5/( g *453.6)
9 v1 = v / sg
10 d = w * v1 / g
11 v= u/d
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ v i s c o c i t y = %. 6 f s l u g / t s e c ’ ,u )
14 printf ( ’ \n k i n e m a t i c v i s c o c i t y = %. 4 f cmˆ2/ s e c ’ , v1
)
15 printf ( ’ \n k i n e m a t i c v i s c o c i t y = %. 6 f f t ˆ2/ s e c ’ ,v )

Scilab code Exa 9.2 chapter 9 example 2

93
 1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d = 0.5 // i n
4 V = 1 // f t / s e c
5 l = 200 // f t
6 T = 5 // d e g r e e s
7 g = 32.2 // f / s e c ˆ2
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 i = 0.04* V ^2*12*4/( g * d )
10 gf = i * l
11 //RESULTS
12 printf ( ’ l o s s o f head= %. 1 f f t ’ , gf )

Scilab code Exa 9.3 chapter 9 example 3

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
5 T = 25 //C
6 dp =8 // l b s / i n ˆ2
7 t = 0.005 // i n
8 w = 3 // i n
9 l = 1 // f t
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 ut = (0.0179*30.5/( g *453.6) ) /(1+0.03368* T +0.000221* T
^2)
12 Ql = dp *144*( t /12) ^3*3600*6.24/(12* ut *4)
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e= %. 6 f g a l l o n s p e r h o u r ’ , Ql )
15
16
17 //ANSWER GIVEN IN THE TEXTBOOK I S WRONG

94
 Scilab code Exa 9.4 chapter 9 example 4

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 v = 1.25 // p o i s e
4 d = 3 // i n
5 l = 6 // i n
6 t = 0.002 // i n
7 w = 40 //R . P .M
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 //CALCULATIONS
10 u = v *30.5/(453.6* g )
11 T = u * %pi ^2*( d /12) ^3* w *( l /12) /(120* t /12)
12 hp = T *2* %pi * w /33000
13 //RESULTS
14 printf ( ’ Horse −power l o s t i n v e l o c i t = %. 4 f ’ , hp )

Scilab code Exa 9.5 chapter 9 example 5

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 w = 750 //R . P .M
4 t = 0.02 // i n
5 r1 =9 // i n
6 r2 = 5 // i n
7 u = 0.003 // s l u g / f t s e c
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 T = u * %pi *(2* %pi * w /60) *(( r1 /24) ^4 -( r2 /24) ^4) *2* %pi * w
/(2* t /12*33000)
10 //RESULTS
11 printf ( ’ h o r s e power r e q u i r e d t o o v e r c o m e= %. 1 f hp ’ ,
T)

95
96
 Chapter 10

Miscellaneous Problems

Scilab code Exa 10.1 example 1

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 w = 62.4 // l b / f t ˆ3
4 x =8 // f t
5 A = 16 // f t ˆ2
6 X = 2.5 // f t
7 X1 = 0.66 // f t
8 x1 = 3.834 // f t
9 x2 = 2.182 // f t
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 P= w*x*A
12 y = A /3
13 P1 = w * x * A *0.5* X1
14 R = sqrt ( P1 ^2+ P ^2)
15 m = P1 / P
16 X2 = x1 - x2
17 C = ((2/3) * A ) -m * X
18 Y = m * X2 + C
19 //RESULTS
20 printf ( ’ Water p r e s s u r e on v e r t i c a l f a c e = %. f l b s ’ ,
P)

97
21 printf ( ’ \n p r e s s u r e which a c t s a t t h e b a s e = %. 2 f
f t ’ ,y )
22 printf ( ’ \n R e s u l t a n t = %. f l b s ’ ,R )
23 printf ( ’ \n x c o o r d i n a t e o f t h e r e s u l t a n t = %. 3 f f t ’
, X2 )
24 printf ( ’ \n y c o o r d i n a t e o f t h e r e s u l t a n t = %. 3 f f t ’
,Y )

Scilab code Exa 10.2 chapter 10 example 2

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 s = 13.6
4 h = 12 // i n
5 u = 0.04
6 k= 1
7 d = 6 // i n
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 w = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 h1 = h *( s -1) /12
12 hf = u * h1
13 hn = h1 - hf
14 Q = k *( %pi *( d /12) ^2) * sqrt (2* g ) * sqrt ( hn ) * w *60/(10*4*
sqrt (15) )
15 //RESULTS
16 printf ( ’ d i s c h a r g e t h r o u g h f l o w= %. f f t G. P .M’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 10.3 chapter 10 example 3

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n of variables
3 za = 16 // f t

98
 4 h1 = 2 // f t
5 h2 = 3 // f t
6 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 vc = sqrt (2* g *( za - h1 - h2 ) )
9 vb = vc *( h1 /(2* h1 ) ) ^2
10 r = -h1 - h2 -( vb ^2/(2* g ) )
11 r1 = r +34
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ p r e s s u r e head a t B= %. 1 f f t l b ’ , r1 )

Scilab code Exa 10.4 chapter 10 example 4

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
4 Cd = 0.62
5 a = 90 // d e g r e e s
6 H1 = 14 // i n
7 H2 = 8 // i n
8 //CALCULATIONS
9 Q1 = (8/15) * Cd * sqrt (2* g ) * tand ( a /2) *( H1 /12) ^(5/2)
10 Q2 = (8/15) * Cd * sqrt (2* g ) * tand ( a /2) *( H2 /12)
11 Q = Q1 - Q2
12 //RESULTS
13 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e t h r o u g h n o t c h= %. 2 f c u s e s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 10.5 example 5

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f variables
3 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
4 Cd = 0.62

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 5 d = 5/4 // i n
6 h = 9 // f t
7 //CALCULATIONS
8 T = (2/3) * %pi *( h ) ^(3/2) /( Cd *( %pi /4) * sqrt (2* g ) *( d /12)
^2)
9 //RESULTS
10 printf ( ’ t i m e r e q u i r e d t o l o w e r w a t e r l e v e l = %. f
s e c s ’ ,T )

Scilab code Exa 10.6 chapter 10 example 6

1
2 clc
3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 a = 60 // d e g r e e s
5 d = 4 // i n
6 Cd = 0.62
7 h = 5 // f t
8 w = 30 // f t
9 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 H1 = 10* sind ( a )
12 H2 = H1 - h
13 T = (2* w / tand ( a ) ) *(2/3) *( H1 ^(3/2) - H2 ^(3/2) ) /( Cd * sqrt
(2* g ) * %pi /(4*( d /12) ^2) ) *100
14 //RESULTS
15 printf ( ’ t i m e r e q u i r e d t o l o w e r w a t e r l e v e l = %. f
s e c s ’ ,T )

Scilab code Exa 10.7 chapter 10 example 7

1
2 clc

100
 3 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
4 p1 = 40 // p e r c e n t
5 p2 = 35 // p e r c e n t
6 dh = 200 // f t
7 f = 0.1
8 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
9 l = 2000 // f t
10 d = 1 // f t
11 //CALCULATIONS
12 hf1 = p1 * dh /100
13 hf2 = p2 * dh /100
14 hf3 = (100 - p1 - p2 ) * dh /100
15 hft = hf1 + hf2 + hf3
16 v1 = sqrt (2* g * hf1 /(4* f * l ) )
17 Q = v1 * %pi * d ^2/4
18 d2 = ( Q *7* sqrt (3/(5* g ) ) ) ^(2/3)
19 v3 = Q *4*(4/3) ^2/ %pi
20 l3 = hf2 *2* g *(3/4) /(4* f * v3 ^2)
21 //RESULTS
22 printf ( ’ p r o p o r t i o n o f t h e q u a n t i t y f o l w i n g i n t h e
b y p a s s t o t h e w h o l e p a s s= %. f f t ’ , l3 )

Scilab code Exa 10.8 chapter 10 example 8

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 d = 1 // f t
4 l = 2000 // f t
5 f = 0.038
6 g = 32.2 // / f t / s e c ˆ2
7 Q = 6 // c u s e s
8 l1 = 1500 // f t
9 r= 2
10 //CALCULATIONS
11 v = 4* Q /( d ^2* %pi )

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12 hf = 4* f * l * v ^2/(2* g )
13 v1 = sqrt ( hf *2* g /(4* f * l1 +4* f *( l - l1 ) * r ^2) )
14 v3 = r * v1
15 Q1 = %pi * d ^2* v3 /4
16 Q2 = %pi * d ^2* v1 /4
17 r1 = Q2 / Q1
18 //RESULTS
19 printf ( ’ p r o p o r t i o n o f t h e q u a n t i t y f o l w i n g i n t h e
b y p a s s t o t h e w h o l e p a s s= %. 1 f ’ , r1 )

Scilab code Exa 10.9 example 9

1 clc
2 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
3 f = 0.01
4 d = 3 // i n
5 l = 22 // f t
6 l1 = 20 // f t
7 w = 20 // f t
8 h = 5 // f t
9 h1 = 20 // f t
10 t = 4 // min
11 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
12 //CALCULATIONS
13 h2 = h + h1
14 h3 = (h -( t *60* %pi * sqrt (2* g / h ) /( l1 * w *2*64) ) ) ^2 -4
15 dh = h2 - h3
16 Q = dh * l1 * w
17 //RESULTS
18 printf ( ’ Q u a n t i y d i s c h a r g e d= %. f c u s e s ’ ,Q )

Scilab code Exa 10.10 example 10

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 1
2
3 clc
4 // i n i t i a l i s a t i o n o f v a r i a b l e s
5 g = 32.2 // f t / s e c ˆ2
6 sct = 1.6
7 sl = 0.8
8 K = 0.98
9 dh1 = 4 // f t
10 W = 62.4 // l b s / f t ˆ3
11 d1 = 8 // i n
12 d2 = 6 // i n
13 //CALCULATIONS
14 dp = dh1 *(( sct / sl ) -1)
15 C = sqrt (2* g ) * %pi *( d1 /24) ^2 / sqrt (( d1 ^2/ d2 ^2) ^2 -1)
16 Q = C * K * sqrt ( dh1 )
17 //RESULTS
18 printf ( ’ D i s c h a r g e p a s s i n g t h r o u g h t h e p i p e= %. 1 f
c u s e s ’ ,Q )
19 // The a n s w e r g i v e n i n t e x t b o o k i s wrong . P l e a s e
verify it .

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