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Function in C++

The document explains functions in C++, highlighting their importance in organizing code and improving readability. It covers types of functions, including library and user-defined functions, along with their syntax, components, and examples. Additionally, it discusses function overloading and inline functions as optimization techniques.

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saimnaeem9020
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6 views2 pages

Function in C++

The document explains functions in C++, highlighting their importance in organizing code and improving readability. It covers types of functions, including library and user-defined functions, along with their syntax, components, and examples. Additionally, it discusses function overloading and inline functions as optimization techniques.

Uploaded by

saimnaeem9020
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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In C++, a function is a block of code that performs a specific task.

Functions help organize


code, make it reusable, and improve readability.

🔹 Types of Functions in C++

1. Library Functions
o Built-in functions provided by C++ (e.g., sqrt(), pow(), cout).
o Require header files like <iostream>, <cmath>, etc.
2. User-defined Functions
o Functions that you create to perform specific tasks.

🔹 Syntax of a User-defined Function

returnType functionName(parameters) {
// body of the function
}

🔹 Example: A Simple Function

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Function declaration
void greet() {
cout << "Hello, Welcome to C++!" << endl;
}

int main() {
greet(); // Function call
return 0;
}

🔹 Function with Parameters and Return Value

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Function to add two numbers


int add(int a, int b) {
return a + b;
}

int main() {
int result = add(5, 3); // Function call
cout << "Sum is: " << result << endl;
return 0;
}
🔹 Function Components

Part Description
Return Type Data type of the value returned (e.g., int, void)
Function Name Name used to call the function
Parameters Input values to the function (optional)
Function Body Code block that performs the task

🔹 Function Declaration / Prototype

You can declare a function before main():

int multiply(int, int); // Declaration

int main() {
cout << multiply(4, 5);
return 0;
}

int multiply(int x, int y) { // Definition


return x * y;
}

🔹 Function Overloading

Multiple functions with the same name but different parameters:

int add(int a, int b) {


return a + b;
}

float add(float a, float b) {


return a + b;
}

🔹 Inline Function (optional optimization)

inline int square(int x) {


return x * x;
}

Would you like exercises or examples related to functions (like calculator, factorial, etc.)?

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