अस्थिश्रृंखला
परिचय-
Cissus quadriangularis, जिसे आमतौि पि Veldt Grape or Hadjod, के
नाम से िाना िाता है, Vitaceae परिवाि (अंगूि परिवाि) में एक िसीला,
बािहमासी िडी बूटी है जिसका उपयोग पािं परिक रूप से इसके औषधीय
गुणों के जलए जकया िाता है, जवशेष रूप से हड्डी के फ्रैक्चि को ठीक किने
औि ददद से िाहत जदलाने में।
जनरुक्ति
लता अस्थनां श्रंखलेव प्रजतभाजत'
अर्ादत इसकी लता अक्तियों की श्रंखला के समान प्रतीत होती है।
Latin name - Vitis quadrangularis
Cissus quadrangularis
Family - Vitaceae
Hindi name – हडिोड
English name - Edible stemmed vine
मुख्य पयादय -
अक्तिसंहािी - अक्ति भग्न को िोडने के कािण
वङ्गावल्ली - लता के अक्ति के समान होने से काण्ड
चतुुः जसि - काण्ड के चतुष्कोणीय होने से
द्रव्य वगीकिण (गण) -
चिक
सुश्ुत
अष्ांग हृदय
उक्तल्लक्तखत नही ं
स्वरूप –
➢ पवदयुि, लंबी, मांसल, आिोजहणी लता होती है।
➢ काण्ड- चतुष्कोण औि बीच-बीच में पवदयुि होता है (कुछ पषों पि एक
तन्तु होता है) जिससे दे खने में श्रंखला (सांकल) के सदृश प्रतीत होता है।
➢ पत्र- र्ोडे, हृदयाकरजत, १-२३ इन्च लम्बे, ह्रस्ववरन्त, कभी-कभी ३-५ भागों
में जवभि, दन्तुि होते हैं।
➢ पुष्प- छोटे, हरिताभ, श्वेतवणद, िोमश, छोटी मंिरियों में होते हैं।
➢ फल-गोल, ििवणद, िसयुि तर्ा मटि के बिाबि, 1.4 व्यास के, एक
बीिी होते हैं।
Flowering seasion – August – September
Fruiting seasion - December - January
उत्पजििान - यह भाित के उष्ण प्रदे शों में होता है
िसपंचक -
िस - मधुि
गुण - लघु, रुक्ष
वीयद - उष्ण
जवपाक - मधुि
िासायजनक संघटन -
• Calcium oxalate
• B-carotene
• Ascorbic acid
• Sitosterol
• 3-ketoderoids
• Quercetin
• kaempferol
• Triterpenoids
• Stilbeno derivatives
• Piceatannol
मुख्य कमद - अक्तिसन्धान
दोष कमद - कफवातशमन एवं जपिवधदन
अन्य कमद -
बाह्य प्रयोग किने –
स्तम्भन एवं सन्थानीय
आभ्यन्ति प्रयोग -
▪ दीपन, पाचन
▪ करजमघ्न
▪ अनुलोमन
▪ ििशोधन
▪ ििस्तम्भन
▪ वरष्य
▪ अिीणद
▪ अशद
▪ करजम
▪ वातिि
Pharmacological action according to Modern
• Anti- inflammatory
• Anti- oxidant
• Anabolic steroid like action
• Glucocorticoid receptor antagonism
• Bone healing
अमाजयक प्रयोग-
1. अक्तिभग्न, अजभघाति शोर् आजद में इसका लेप किते हैं या इससे जसद्ध
तैल का अभ्यंग किते हैं।
2. नाक से खून आने पि इसके स्विस का नस्य लेते हैं।
3. कणदस्राव में इसका िस कान में दे ते हैं।
4. अजग्नमांद्य, अिीणद, अर्द तर्ा करजम में प्रयुि होता है।
5. वातिि, जफिं ग, उपदं श में तर्ा ििस्राव में दे ते हैं।
6. वािीकिणार्द तर्ा प्रदि में यह उपयोगी है।
7. अक्तिभग्न में इसका स्विस जपलाते हैं।
प्रयोज्य अंग - काण्ड
मात्रा- स्विस-१०-२० जम. जल. ।
जवजशष्ठ योग- अक्तिसंहाितैल ।
Research updates –
1.A review on Cissus quadrangularis
Author - Ayesha Siddiqua and Sirisha Mittapally
Abstract -
Cisme quadrangufarir is a succulent herbal plant belonging to
family, Vitaceae. It is fleshy, cactus in nature. It is also known as
Vitis quadrangularis, Lycopodium imbricatum or Heliotropiam
indicum. In Ayurveda, it used as Pachana (digestive aid). Sara
(relieves constipation), Athiyuk (strengthening bones), Vrushya
(Aphrodisiac), etc. In Unani, it is used to treat gastritis. The
whole plant is used in treatment of asthma, powdered root is
specifically used in treatment of bone fractures. The usual dose
of the powder is 30-40 grains. Leaves and young shoots are
frequently taken with curry in Southern India. In Chennai, young
shoots of the plant are dried, powdered, burnt to ashes in a
closed vessel. These ashes are administered in dyspepsia,
indigestion and certain bowel complaints. Leaves and young
shoots are also considered as powerful alternatives in the
gastro intestinal treatments. Juice of stem is dropped into the
ear in otorrhoea and into the nose in epistaxis. The plant has
many therapeutic uses.
Keywords: Vitis quadrangularia, Hadjod, Hadsankal, Harjora,
Nalleru, Vajravalli, Kandvel, Hadav hanga, Piranti, Vedhari,
Horjora, Harbhanga
2.Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Cissus
quadrangularis L.
Authors: K.N. Chidambara Murthy, A. Vanitha, M. Mahadeva
Swamy, and G.A. Ravishankar
Abstract -
Extracts of Cissus quadrangularis L. were tested for antioxidant
activity by β-carotene linoleic acid model and also by 1,1-
diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl model. The ethyl acetate fraction of
both fresh and dry stem extracts at a concentration of 100 ppm
showed 64.8% antioxidant activity in the β-carotene linoleic
acid system and 61.6% in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
system. This fraction showed the presence of sterols, vitamin C,
and tannins as phytoconstituents. The antioxidant activity of
methanol extract and aqueous extract were comparatively less
significant than that of ethyl acetate extract, and n-hexane
extract showed the least activity. The ethyl acetate extract and
methanol extract of both fresh and dry stems further exhibited
antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria,
including Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus
aureus, and Streptococcus species. The results of the study have
implications in the use of C. quadrangularis as an antibacterial
agent and more so as an antioxidant in several applications
requiring these properties.
3.Cissus quadrangularis L: A comprehensive
multidisciplinary review
Author -Piyush S. Bafna a, Payal H. Patil a, Saurabh
K. Maru b, Rakesh E. Mutha a
Abstract -
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Cissus quadrangularis L. is a perennial herb of
the Vitaceae family and is utilized comprehensively as a
medicinal herb in most tropical regions by various names. This
herb is documented to possess a wide-ranging ethnomedicinal
uses in malaria, fever, epilepsy, gout, piles, skin diseases, colic,
etc.
Aim of the review-
A organized summary of the botany, traditional
uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, available
marketed formulations and filed patents were presented to
explore the future therapeutic potential and scientific potential
of this herb.
Materials and methods-
For a review of the literature, various databases were searched,
including PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus etc. From, total 408
records of this herb, we have screened 155 articles consist of
desired information and available as full text. Present
manuscript is structured from comprehensive information on
this herb from screened 155 records. Plant taxonomy was
confirmed to the database “The Plant List”.
Results-
Phytochemical assessment as a whole indicated the presence
of flavonoids, triterpenoids,
alkaloids, saponins, iridoids, stilbenes, vitamins, steroids,
and glycosides. A toxicity study revealed that its LD50 value is
above 3000 mg/kg in animals indicating its safety. A variety of
pharmacological studies of aerial parts of this herb by different
extracts have demonstrated analgesic, anti-
inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-
osteoporotic activity and other bone-related disorders to justify
its name as Hadjod. Still, the herb has been utilized in clinical
practice and several patents were filed in India and US for its
antiosteoporotic property.
Conclusion-
The studies on Cissus quadrangularis Linn. are extensive, but
gaps still remain. The molecular mechanism, structure-activity
relationship, potential synergistic and antagonistic effects of
these components needs to be further elucidated. These
findings suggest the need for further research on this herb for
the management of several other chronic ailments.
4.Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and venotonic effects
of Cissus quadrangularis Linn.
Author -
panelAmpai Panthong a, Wanicha Supraditaporn a, Duangta
Kanjanapothi a, Tawat Taesotikul a, Vichai Reutrakul ba
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai
University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailandb
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol
University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
Received 1 March 2006, Accepted 12 September 2006,
Available online 26 September 2006.
Abstract -
Cissus quadrangularis, a medicinal plant indigenous to Asia and
Africa, is used for many ailments, especially for the treatment
of hemorrhoid. The effects associated with hemorrhoid, i.e.
analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities as well as the
venotonic effect of the methanol extract of C.
quadrangularis (CQ) were assessed in comparison with
reference drugs. In the analgesic test, CQ provoked a significant
reduction of the number of writhes in acetic acid-induced
writhing response in mice. CQ also significantly reduced the
licking time in both phases of the formalin test. The results
suggest peripheral and central analgesic activity of CQ. In acute
phase of inflammation CQ elicited the inhibitory effect on the
edema formation of the rats’ ear induced by ethyl
phenylpropiolate as well as on the formation of the paw
edema in rats induced by both carrageenin and arachidonic
acid. It is likely that CQ is a dual inhibitor of arachidonic acid
metabolism. In addition, CQ exerted venotonic effect on
isolated human umbilical vein similarly to the mixture
of bioflavonoids, i.e. 90% diosmin and 10% hesperidin. The
results obtained confirmed the traditional use of C.
quadrangularis for the treatment of pain and inflammation
associated with hemorrhoid as well as reducing the size of
hemorrhoids.
5.A Review and Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety
of Cissus quadrangularis Extracts
Sidney J. Stohs, Sidhartha D. Ray
First published: 13 September 2012
Abstract -
Extracts and powders of Cissus quadrangularis have been used
for many years to promote bone and tissues healing, as an
analgesic, to treat infections, as an anabolic, and to promote
weight loss and weight management. This review summarizes
the studies in animals, humans and in vitro systems that have
been conducted to determine the efficacy and safety of
various Cissus preparations. Animal and in vitro studies provide
support for the use of Cissus in promoting bone fracture
healing and as an anti-osteoporotic. Several human studies
support the use of Cissus extracts in weight management. No
studies have been conducted demonstrating
that Cissus exhibits anabolic and body building activities. Based
on studies to date, Cissus extracts appear to be exceedingly
safe and free of adverse effects at the doses commonly used. A
wide variety of chemical constituents have been isolated and
identified from Cissus extracts, including steroids, flavonoids,
stilbenes, iridoids, triterpenes and gallic acid derivatives.
However, in few cases have specific physiological effects been
related to identifiable constituents. Better standardization of
extracts and more well-controlled human studies are required.
Recent research on Cissus quadrangularis (also known as
Hadjod or Veldt Grape) highlights its potential in bone
health, with studies focusing on its osteoprotective and
immunomodulatory effects, along with its antioxidant and
anti-inflammatory properties.
Here's a summary of recent research updates:
1. Bone Health and Fracture Healing:
• Studies indicate that C. quadrangularis can improve bone
health and preserve bone micro-architecture, potentially
by increasing anti-osteoclastogenic immune cells and
decreasing osteoclastogenic cells.
• It has been shown to suppress RANKL-induced
osteoclastogenesis and inhibit osteoclast functional
activity.
• The plant is known for its ability to accelerate fracture
healing and reduce pain and swelling.
• Some studies suggest that C. quadrangularis can shorten
the usual fracture healing time.
2. Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Properties:
• Research suggests that C. quadrangularis possesses
antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
• It may help in limiting oxidative and nitrosative stress, and
inflammation.
• Studies have shown that C. quadrangularis extracts have a
significant reducing power and can scavenge free radicals.
3. Other Potential Benefits:
• C. quadrangularis has shown potential in antimicrobial,
antiulcer, and anti-diabetic activities.
• Some studies suggest it may have gastroprotective and
hepatoprotective properties.
• Research also indicates potential benefits for
cardiovascular health and anti-obesity.
4. Phytochemical Composition:
• C. quadrangularis contains various phytochemicals,
including flavonoids, triterpenoids, and alkaloids.
• These compounds are believed to contribute to its
medicinal properties.
5. Traditional Uses:
• C. quadrangularis is a common plant used in Ayurvedic
and Siddha medicine traditions.
• It is known for its ability to mend bones, earning it the
epithet "bone setter".
Recent Studies and Publications:
• A study published in Horticulture Research (April 15, 2024)
investigated the genome of C. quadrangularis and its
adaptive features in an arid habitat.
• A study published in Pharmaceutical Research (August 7,
2024) assessed the antibacterial potential of C.
quadrangularis against P. gingivalis.
• A study published in Journal of Ethnopharmacology
(August 15, 2024) focused on product development
with C. quadrangularis.
