CHAPTER 3: REPRODUCTION IN
ANIMALS
Q 1: Choose the best:
1. Budding is commonly seen in:
Ans: b. Hydra
2. An embryo is attached to the wall of uterus by:
Ans: Placenta
3. Testes are present in sac called:
Ans: Scrotum
4. The female gamete is called:
Ans: Ovum
5. The fertilisation in human beings takes place in the:
Ans: Fallopian tube
Q 2: Fill in the blanks with correct option:
1. The male gamete is called a/an sperm.
2. In budding, an outgrowth develops and then breaks away
from the parent organism.
3. The mixture of sperms and fluid is called semen.
4. The placenta connects mother and the child in the uterus.
5. Menstruation is a process in which tissues of the uterus
lining break down and are discharged along with blood when
the ovum is not fertilised.
Q. 3: State true or false and correct the false statement:
1. The zygote divides into numerous cells during cleavage.
True
2. Oestrogen is a male sex hormone.
Ans: False: Oestrogen is a female sex hormone.
3. The testes are protected within an external sac called the
seminal vesicle.
Ans: The testes are protected within an external sac called the
Scrotum.
4. The union of an ovum and a sperm is called implantation.
Ans: False: The union of an ovum and a sperm is called
fertilization.
5. Hydra reproduces asexually by binary fission.
Ans: False : Amoeba reproduces asexually by binary fission.
Q.4. Match the following:
1. Fission b) Amoeba
2. Budding c) Hydra
3. Sperm a) Male gamete
4. Ova e) Female gamete
5. Fragmentation d) Planarian
Q.5. State the functions of the following:
1. Testes
Ans: Testes produces a large number of sperms.
2. Uterus
Ans: Serves as a room for the developing embryo.
3. Fallopian tube
Ans: It passes the egg into the uterus.
Understanding ideas
Q.1. Give one word for the following:
1. A single cell formed by the fusion of sperm and ovum.
Ans: Zygote
2. A series of cell divisions in the developing embryo.
Ans: Cleavage
3. Asexual reproduction in which one organism divides into two
small organisms.
Ans: Binary fission
4. A full term for the development of an embryo inside the
uterus.
Ans: Gestation period
5. A cord that connects an embryo to its placenta.
Ans: Umbilical cord
Q2. Answer the following questions in short:
1. What are the common methods of asexual reproduction?
Ans: The common methods of asexual reproduction are binary
fission, multiple fission, budding, fragmentation and
regeneration.
2. State the disadvantages of asexual reproduction.
Ans:
Asexual reproduction is harmful, because the species get
reduced by changing environments.
There can be an inability to adapt.
Population numbers can be difficult to control.
3. Name the method of reproduction in hydra.
Ans: Budding
Q.3. Answer the following questions in detail:
1. What is binary fission? Name an organism that carries out
binary fission.
Ans: The cell divides equally along with the equal division of its
cytoplasm and the nucleus. This type of division is mostly seen
in protozoans like amoeba and paramecium. When a cell
divides into two daughter cells, the division is called binary
fission.
2. Where does human embryo develop?
Ans: After a zygote is formed, it undergoes numerous cell
divisions to become a multicellular ball of cells called the
blastocyst; it becomes embedded in the uterine wall for further
development. In the uterus, due to rapid cell divisions, the
developing multicellular organism becomes an embryo or
foetus.
3. What is the function of placenta?
Ans: Just after implantation, the embryo is attached to the
uterus by a special structure called placenta. Through the
placenta, embryo receives essential nutrients and oxygen from
the mother’s body.
4. Describe the male reproductive system in human beings.
Ans: The male reproductive system consists of the following:
Testes-These are a pair of oval shaped structures located
outside the abdomen in a sac called scrotum. It is
essential for producing sperms and hormone testosterone.
Vas deferens: It is a duct that connects testes to the
urethra.
Urethra: It is small duct that passes through the penis.
Semen is passed through it.
Penis: It is the male reproductive organ through which
sperms and urine are discharged.
5. Describe the female reproductive system in human beings.
Ans: The female reproductive system consists of the following
parts:
Ovaries: These are two whitish coloured bodies in which
one mature ovum develops after every four weeks in
group of cells called follicles inside the ovary.
Oviducts: It is also called fallopian tube which passes the
egg into the uterus.
Uterus: It is thick walled muscular organ in which the
embryo develops into a baby. The uterus narrows down
into small opening called cervix.
Vagina: It is a muscular tube which receives sperms and
also serves as a birth canal.
Q.4. Differentiate between the following:
1. Sexual and asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction Asexual reproduction
It requires both the parents. It requires only one parent
either a male or female parent.
2. Sperm and ovum
Sperm Ovum
The sperm is male The ovum is a female
reproductive cell which reproductive cell which is
consists of head, neck and tail. rounded and consists of
prominent nucleus.
