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Discovering Diverse Content Through
Random Scribd Documents
 ON THE INSTITUTION
OF
LIGHT CAVALRY
IN
THE BRITISH ARMY.
The records of the military events of the remote ages speak of
heavy-armed horsemen being accompanied by others mounted and
equipped for light services. The Barons and Knights, who rode the
powerful horses celebrated by historians, and took the field
completely cased in steel, had a few light-armed attendants; the
feudal horsemen were variously armed; and the practice of
employing Light, as well as Heavy Cavalry, was adopted, to a limited
extent, by several commanders of antiquity. Armour, proof against
arrow, lance, and sword, and men and horses of colossal
appearance, in whom the greatest amount of weight and physical
power, consistent with a moderate share of activity, could be
combined, were however held in the highest estimation; but
eventually the great advantage of having a portion of Cavalry in
which lightness, activity, and celerity of movement, might form the
principal characteristics, was discovered. The introduction of fire-
arms occasioned armour to be gradually laid aside, or limited to a
few heavy horsemen; superiority of weight was no longer thought so
necessary; and in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the use
of Light Cavalry became more general than formerly.
During the seventy years' war between Spain and the United
Provinces of the Netherlands, Prince Maurice of Nassau (afterwards
Prince of Orange) selected a few English and Dutch heavy-armed
Lancers, and constituted them Carabineers, for skirmishing, and
other services of a similar character. The Emperor of Germany
formed regiments of Hungarian Hussars, who were light men on
small horses. The Carabineers were of an intermediate class, being
much heavier than the Hussars, and lighter than the English Lancers
and Cuirassiers, who rode powerful horses, and wore armour on the
head, body, and limbs. The French monarchs adopted the practice of
having a few Carabineers in each troop of Horse; and, in 1690, Louis
XIV. added a troop of Carabineers to each Regiment of Cavalry.
During the campaign of 1691, these troops formed a Carabineer
brigade; but their motley appearance, and the defects of the plan,
occasioned them to be constituted a regiment of Carabineers, and
clothed in blue. In 1693 the French King added a regiment of
Hussars to the Cavalry of his army.[7]
In England the same principle was partially carried out; the heavy
horse laid aside their armour, excepting cuirasses; they were
mounted on horses of less weight than formerly, and they were
supplied with carbines by King Charles II. In 1685, King James II.
raised several independent troops of Light Horse, and one of them
(Sir Thomas Burton's) was retained in his service until the Revolution
in 1688, when it was disbanded. In 1691-2 King William III.
constituted the Seventh Regiment of Horse, now Sixth Dragoon
Guards, a corps of Carabineers, as an honorary distinction, and for
the performance of services for which the other regiments of Horse,
being Cuirassiers, were not well adapted. The object was to combine
with strength and power a greater degree of activity and speed than
was to be found in the Cavalry at that period; and His Majesty
appears to have contemplated having several corps of this
description in his service, as he designated this the First Regiment of
Carabineers; but no second regiment was formed.[8] In 1694 a troop
of foreign Hussars formed part of the Army commanded by King
William in Flanders.[9]
During the wars of Queen Anne the Regiment of Carabineers was
again supplied with cuirasses, and was mounted on the same
description of horses as the other regiments; retaining, however, the
title of Carabineers. The activity, size, weight, and strength of the
horses ridden by the British Cuirassiers and Heavy Dragoons, with
the bravery and muscular powers of the men, established their
superiority in continental warfare over the Cavalry of other nations;
they acquired great celebrity in the valley of the Danube and on the
plains of the Netherlands, in the early part of the eighteenth century,
under the renowned John Duke of Marlborough; and after the peace
of Utrecht, in 1713, the reputation of the British Horse and Dragoons
was so high that no alteration was thought necessary, and many
years elapsed without any attempt being made to revive the practice
of having either Carabineers, or Light Horse, in the British Army.
The great utility of the Light Cavalry of the continental armies had,
in the mean time, become apparent. Improvements in military
tactics, and in the arming and equipment of corps, were taking place
in various countries; and a spirit of emulation extending itself to
Great Britain, on the breaking out of the rebellion in 1745, his Grace
the Duke of Montague evinced his loyalty and public spirit by raising
a Regiment of Carabineers for the service of King George II.; at the
same time, his Grace the Duke of Kingston, with equal zeal and
generosity, raised, at his own expense, a Regiment of Light Horse.
The latter regiment approximated, in the lightness of the men,
horses, and equipment, to the Hussars of the continental armies; the
Duke of Montague's Carabineers were of a heavier description of
Cavalry.
At this period the old Cavalry Regiments rode black horses
(excepting the Scots Greys) with docked tails; but the Duke of
Kingston's Regiment was mounted on light horses of various colours,
with swish or nag tails. The accoutrements were as light as possible:
the men carried short carbines slung to their sides by a moveable
swivel, pistols, and light swords inclined to a curve.
The usefulness of the Duke of Kingston's Regiment of Light Horse
was proved in Scotland, where it served under His Royal Highness
the Duke of Cumberland, and was found qualified for every
description of service; the light horses traversing hilly grounds with
facility. It distinguished itself on several occasions, particularly at the
battle of Culloden, on the 16th of April, 1746, when it charged the
clans with signal gallantry, and evinced great spirit and activity in the
pursuit of the rebel army upwards of three miles from the field of
battle. The Duke of Cumberland was highly pleased with its
behaviour during the period it was under his command; and the
conduct of the Light Horse throughout the contest reflected credit on
the noble peer who had raised them.
The rebellion being suppressed, the regiment was, in consequence
of the conditions on which the men had enlisted, directed to be
disbanded; but the Duke of Cumberland so highly approved of its
conduct that he obtained permission to embody as many of the men
as would re-enlist, as his own Regiment of Light Dragoons.
His Majesty's thanks and particular satisfaction were communicated
to His Grace the Duke of Kingston, for his zeal and affection for His
Majesty's person and Government; and His Grace was desired to
convey to the officers and soldiers His Majesty's high sense of their
loyalty, activity, and gallant behaviour, at a period of national danger.
The regiment was afterwards disbanded at Nottingham, and nearly
every man engaged in the Regiment of Light Dragoons, of which, as
a signal mark of honour and distinction, His Royal Highness the Duke
of Cumberland was appointed Colonel.
The Duke of Cumberland's Light Dragoons were mounted on active
nag-tailed horses, from fourteen and a half to fifteen hands high.
The men were from five feet eight to five feet nine inches in height;
and their equipment was upon a new and light plan, but retaining
the cocked hat of the Heavy Dragoon pattern. This regiment served
in the Netherlands, with the Army commanded by His Royal
Highness the Duke of Cumberland: its general usefulness was fully
established, and it distinguished itself at the battle of Val, in 1747.
The treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle having put an end to the war, it
returned to England, and was disbanded in 1749.
From this period the value of light horsemen was more appreciated
in England than formerly; the general utility of this arm, on home
and foreign service, had been fully proved; and at the
commencement of hostilities with France, in 1755, King George II.
resolved to possess the advantage of a body of Light Cavalry in the
approaching contest. His Majesty accordingly commanded a troop of
Light Dragoons to be added to the First, Second, and Third
Regiments of Dragoon Guards, and First, Second, Third, Fourth,
Sixth, Seventh, Tenth, and Eleventh Regiments of Dragoons. The
First, Second, Third, and Fourth Irish Horse (now Fourth, Fifth, Sixth,
and Seventh Dragoon Guards), and the Fifth, Eighth, Ninth, Twelfth,
Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Dragoons, being on the Irish
establishment, did not receive the same addition.
These troops of Light Dragoons were mounted, armed, equipped,
and trained, according to specific instructions, calculated to render
them available for the services for which they were designed.
Several of them were reviewed in Hyde Park by His Majesty; and
their neat appearance, celerity of movement, and the spirited and
exact manner in which they performed their evolutions, were much
admired.
Nine of these troops were formed into a brigade in 1758, under the
command of one of the King's aides-de-camp, Colonel George
Augustus Eliott, of the Horse Grenadier Guards; and they were
employed in the expeditions to the coast of France under Charles
Duke of Marlborough and Lieut.-General Bligh. They landed in France
twice; skirmished with the French Cavalry; and throughout these
enterprises they evinced activity, spirit, and general usefulness. After
their return to England, they were augmented to 125 men per troop.
At this period, the war on the Continent had involved most of the
European states; and the extended and active operations which
were taking place in Germany rendered it necessary for a British
force to join the Allied Army under Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick.
This gave rise to a further augmentation of the Army; and the
increased estimation in which Light Cavalry was held induced the
King to give directions for the raising of entire Regiments of Light
Dragoons, in addition to the five Regiments of Horse, three of
Dragoon Guards, and fourteen of Dragoons, already on the British
and Irish establishments. The following corps were accordingly
embodied:—

Light Dragoons.
Incorporated in 1759.

Fifteenth, in England, by Colonel George A. Eliott;—now the

Fifteenth, or the King's Hussars.
Sixteenth, in England, by Lieut.-Colonel John Burgoyne;—now the
Sixteenth, or the Queen's Lancers.
Seventeenth, in Scotland, by Captain Lord Aberdour;—disbanded in
1763.
Eighteenth, in England, by Lieut.-Colonel John Hale;—now the
Seventeenth Lancers.
Nineteenth, in Ireland, by Lieut.-Colonel Lord Drogheda;—numbered
the Eighteenth in 1763; constituted Hussars in 1807; and after
performing much valuable service at home and abroad, it was
disbanded at Newbridge, in Ireland, in 1821.

Incorporated in 1760.

Twentieth, in Ireland, by Captain Sir James Caldwell;—disbanded in

1763.
Twenty-first, or Royal Foresters, in England by Lieut.-General the
Marquis of Granby, and Colonel Lord Robert Sutton;—disbanded in
1763.
After the peace of Fontainebleau, three of these corps were
disbanded, and the other four continued in the service. The light
troops attached to the heavy regiments were also disbanded, but a
few men of each troop were afterwards equipped as Light Dragoons.
A more perfect knowledge of the efficiency and capabilities of Light
Cavalry, acquired during the campaigns in Germany and Portugal,
had advanced the estimation in which that arm was held; and, in
1768, the Twelfth Dragoons (one of the heavy regiments raised by
King George I. in 1715), underwent a change of equipment and
clothing, and was constituted a corps of Light Dragoons, by General
Carpenter, in Ireland.
This alteration served as a precedent for subsequent changes; and
further experience, during the American war, from 1775 to 1783,
confirming the value of Light Cavalry, the Seventh, Eighth, Ninth,
Tenth, Eleventh, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth Regiments of Dragoons
were changed from heavy to light. The Light Dragoons attached to
the heavy regiments were incorporated into newly-raised corps, and
the following regiments of

Light Dragoons

Were embodied in 1779.

Nineteenth,—by Major-General Russell Manners;—disbanded in 1783.

Twentieth,—by Major-General Richard Burton Phillipson;—disbanded
in 1783.
Twenty-first,—by Major-General John Douglas; —disbanded in 1783.
Twenty-second,—by Lieut.-Colonel John Lord Sheffield;—disbanded in
1783.

Embodied in 1781.

Twenty-third,—by Lieut.-General Sir John Burgoyne, Baronet, for

service in India, and was numbered the Nineteenth after the peace in
1783. This regiment signalized itself on numerous occasions in India,
and was rewarded with the honour of bearing on its guidons and
appointments the Elephant, with the words Assaye and
Seringapatam. The word Niagara was also added in commemoration
of the gallantry of two troops, in the year 1813, in North America. In
1817 it was constituted a corps of Lancers. It was disbanded in
Ireland in 1821.
Thus a few years had produced a great change in the British Army.
Twenty-five years previously to the termination of the American war
there was not a single Light Dragoon Regiment in the Service, and in
1783 there were seventeen; four of them were disbanded at that
period, and thirteen retained in the Service.
Soon after the termination of the American war, the French monarch
having, by aiding the rebellious British provincials, taught his own
subjects a lesson of insubordination, was deprived of the reins of
government; and the violent conduct of the French revolutionists in
the West Indies occasioned the Twentieth or Jamaica Regiment of Light
Dragoons to be raised in 1791 by Colonel Henry F. Gardner, for
service in that island. Besides its services in Jamaica, detachments of
this regiment served at Malta; Sicily; at the taking of the Cape of
Good Hope, in 1806; at the capture of Alexandria, in 1807; at the
attack on Monte Video; in Portugal; at Genoa; and on the eastern
coast of Spain; and acquired the honour of bearing the word
Peninsula on its guidons and appointments. It was disbanded in
Ireland in 1818.
War with France commenced in 1793, and was followed by
augmentations to the Army. It was not found necessary to add a
single Heavy Cavalry Regiment; but the following Regiments of

Light Dragoons

Were incorporated in 1794.

Twenty-first,—by Lieut.-Colonel Thomas R. Beaumont. This regiment

served at the Cape of Good Hope and in India thirteen years; a
detachment was sent to do duty at St. Helena, when Napoleon
Buonaparte was removed thither. This regiment was disbanded at
Chatham in 1820.
Twenty-second,—by Major-General William Viscount Fielding;—served
in Great Britain and Ireland;—disbanded in 1802.
Twenty-third,—by Colonel William Fullerton;—served in Great Britain
and Ireland;—disbanded in 1802.
Twenty-fourth,—by Colonel William Loftus;—served in Great Britain
and Ireland;—disbanded in 1802.
Twenty-fifth,—by Major-General Francis Edward Gwyn. This regiment
was numbered the Twenty-second after the Treaty of Amiens in 1802.
It served with reputation in India; was employed at the reduction of
Java; signalized itself on several occasions; and was rewarded with
the royal authority to bear the word Seringapatam on its guidons
and appointments. It was disbanded in England in 1820.

Raised in 1795.

Twenty-sixth,—by Lieut.-General R. Manners;—numbered the Twenty-

third in 1803. This regiment served in Egypt, Portugal, Spain,
Flanders, and France; and its distinguished conduct was rewarded
with the honour of bearing on its guidons and appointments, the
Sphinx, with the words Egypt, Peninsula, and Waterloo. In 1816 it
was constituted a corps of Lancers. It was disbanded in England in
1817.
Twenty-seventh,—by Major-General Wynter Blathwayte;—numbered
the Twenty-fourth in 1804. This regiment served in India,
distinguished itself at the battles of Ghur and Delhi, and was
permitted to bear the Elephant, with the word Hindoostan, on its
guidons and appointments. It was disbanded in England, on its
arrival from Bengal, in 1819.
Twenty-eighth,—by Major-General Robert Lawrie;—served in Great
Britain, Ireland, and at the Cape of Good Hope;—disbanded in
Ireland in 1802.
Twenty-ninth,—by Major-General Francis Augustus Lord Heathfield;—
numbered the Twenty-fifth in 1804. This regiment served in India,
and was at the reduction of the Isle of France. It was disbanded at
Chatham, on its arrival from India, in 1819.
Raised in 1794.
Thirtieth,—by Lieut.-Colonel J. C. Carden;—disbanded in 1796.
Thirty-first,—by Lieut.-Colonel William St. Ledger;—disbanded in
1796.
Thirty-second,—by Lieut.-Colonel H. J. Blake;—disbanded in 1796.
Thirty-third,—by Lieut.-Colonel J. Blackwood;—disbanded in 1796.

Soon after the re-commencement of hostilities with France in 1803,

the Seventh, Tenth, Fifteenth, and Eighteenth Light Dragoons were
equipped as Hussars. Since the termination of the war in 1815, the
Third and Fourth Dragoons have been changed from heavy to light;
the Ninth, Twelfth, Sixteenth, and Seventeenth Light Dragoons have
been constituted Lancers; and the Eighth and Eleventh Light Dragoons
have also been equipped as Hussars.
At this period (1847), the Cavalry of the British Army consists of
twenty-six regiments—thirteen Heavy and thirteen Light; and is
composed of three regiments of Cuirassiers, ten of Heavy Dragoons,
four of Light Dragoons, five of Hussars, and four of Lancers.
THE THIRD,
OR
THE KING'S OWN REGIMENT
OF
LIGHT DRAGOONS,
BEARS ON ITS APPOINTMENTS
 THE WHITE HORSE,
ON A RED FIELD WITHIN THE GARTER,
WITH THE MOTTO
"NEC ASPERA TERRENT:"
ALSO THE WORDS,
"SALAMANCA"—"VITTORIA"—"TOULOUSE"—"PENINSULA,"
To commemorate its Gallant Conduct in Spain and France from 1811
to 1814;
AND THE WORD
"CABOOL, 1842,"
For its distinguished Services in Affghanistan in 1842.

FOOTNOTES:
[7] Histoire de la Milice Françoise, par le Père Daniel.
[8] National Records.
[9] The equipment of Hussars at this period is described by
D'Auvergne, in his History of the Campaign of 1694, pp. 22, 23.
CONTENTS.
Year Page
1685 Formation of the Regiment 1
—— Styled the Queen Consort's Regiment 3
—— Names of Officers 5
—— Reviewed by King James II. on Hounslow Heath —
1688 The Revolution 6
1689 Proceeds to Ireland 7
—— Attacks the Enemy's out-posts at Ardee 8
1690 Storming of Bedloe's Castle 9
—— Battle of the Boyne 11
—— Investment of Waterford 12
—— Surrender of Youghal —
—— Disperses the Rapparees—capture of Castle Martir 13
—— Siege of Limerick —
1691 Expedition to Streamstown 14
—— Battle of Aghrim —
—— Siege of Galway 15
—— Surrender of Limerick 16
1692 Arrives in England 17
1694 Reviewed in Hyde Park by King William III. —
—— Embarks for Flanders —
1695 Augmentation of establishment 18
—— Attack on the forts at Kenoque —
—— Siege of Namur—Surrender of Dixmude 19
1696 Reviewed by King William III. 20
1697 Operations in Brabant 21
—— Returns to England —
1698 Reduction of establishment —
1702 Expedition to Cadiz under the Duke of Ormond 21
—— Attack on Vigo, and Capture of the Spanish fleet 22
Forms part of an expedition under Earl Rivers, and
1706 23
proceeds to Spain
1707 Battle of Almanza 24
1708 Returns to England 25
1712 Reduction of establishment —
1713 Stationed in Scotland —
1714 Designated the King's Own Regiment —
1715 Battle of Sheriffmuir 26
1718 Reduction of establishment 28
1720 Establishment augmented —
1723 Augmentation of establishment —
1727 Establishment further augmented —
1729 Reduction of establishment —
1738 Augmentation of establishment —
1742 Reviewed by King George II. on Blackheath 29
—— Proceeds to Flanders —
1743 Battle of Dettingen 31
1745 Battle of Fontenoy 35
—— Returns to England 36
—— Proceeds to Scotland —
—— Engagement at Clifton Moor 37
1748 Reduction of establishment 39
Clothing, Appointments, Guidons, &c. regulated by
1751 —
Royal Warrant
1754 Employed on coast duty in the South of England 41
1756 A light troop added —
The light troop forms part of the force for a
1758 —
descent on the coast of France
—— Capture of Cherbourg 43
1763 The light troop disbanded 44
1764 Marches to Scotland —
1765 Returns to England —
1766 The Drummers replaced by Trumpeters 44
1767
Employed on coast duty in Kent, Sussex, Suffolk,
and —
and Essex
1768
1770 Proceeds to Scotland —
1770 Proceeds to Scotland
1771 Returns to England 45
1773 Employed on coast duty in Kent —
1775 Marches to Scotland —
1776 Stationed in South Britain —
1778 Employed on coast duty in Sussex —
—— An additional trumpeter authorised 46
1781 Reviewed by King George III. in Hyde Park 47
1784 Proceeds to Scotland —
1785 Stationed in South Britain —
1789 Reviewed by King George III. at Reading —
1791 Marches to Scotland 48
1793 Augmentation of establishment —
—— Four troops detached to Scotland —
1797 Reduction of establishment 49
1798 Alteration in the Arms and Clothing —
1800 Augmentation of establishment 50
—— Proceeds to Scotland —
1802 Reduction of establishment —
—— Embarks for Ireland —
1805 —— for England 51
1806 Augmentation of establishment —
1807 Reviewed at Brighton by the Duke of York —
1809 Embarks for Holland 52
1810 Reviewed at Guildford by the Duke of Cambridge 53
1811 —— on Wimbledon Common by the Prince Regent —
—— Embarks for the Peninsula 54
1812 Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo 55
—— —— Badajoz —
—— Affair near La Granja 56
1812 Action at Llerena 57
—— Attack on the bridge of boats at Almaraz 58
—— Skirmish near Salamanca —
—— —— on the heights of St. Christoval —
 g
—— —— near Castrillos 60
—— Battle of Salamanca 61
—— Siege of Burgos 65
—— Covers the mining party at Palencia 66
1813 Affair on the heights of Estepar 68
—— Battle of Vittoria 69
1814 Advance on Bayonne 71
—— Affair of La Mosquiere —
—— Battle of Toulouse 72
Furnishes horses to mount the royal guard of
—— 73
France
—— Returns to England 74
Reviewed on Hounslow Heath by the Duke of
—— —
York, Commander-in-Chief
—— Reduction of establishment 75
—— Authorised to bear the word "Salamanca" —
1815 Embarks for Ostend 76
—— Reinforces the Army in France —
Reviewed by the Emperor of Russia, King of
—— —
Prussia, and the Duke of Wellington
1816 Forms part of the Army of Occupation —
Reviewed by the Duke of Kent, and the Duke of
—— 77
Wellington
1818 Returns to England —
—— Reduction of establishment —
—— Constituted Light Dragoons —
—— Attends the funeral of Queen Charlotte 78
—— Proceeds to Ireland —
Reviewed for the first time as a Light Dragoon
1820 —
Regiment
1821 Escorts King George IV. on his entry into Dublin 79
—— Reviewed by His Majesty —
Furnishes the guard of honour on the embarkation
—— —
of the King for England
 of the King for England
Authorised to bear the words "Vittoria" and
—— 80
"Toulouse"
1822 Returns to England 81
1823 Reviewed by the Duke of York —
Again reviewed by his Royal Highness the
1824 82
Commander-in-Chief
Receives testimonials for its conduct in aiding the
1825 83
Civil Power at Sunderland
1826 Proceeds to Ireland 84
1829 Returns to England 85
1830 Establishment of horses augmented 87
1831 Proceeds to Scotland —
1833 Returns to England —
1834 Proceeds to Hounslow —
1835 Embarks for Ireland —
1837 Returns to England 88
—— Embarks for the East Indies —
1842 Expedition to Affghanistan 89
—— Storming of the heights of Jugdulluck 90
—— Action at Tezeen 91
Arrives at Cabool, and plants the British colours in
—— 93
the Bala Hissar
—— Capture of Istalif 94
—— Authorised to bear the word "Cabool" 95
—— Returns to India —
1845 Forms part of the Army of the Sutlej —
—— Battle of Moodkee 96
—— —— Ferozeshah 98
1846 —— Aliwal 100
—— —— Sobraon 101
1846 Occupation of Lahore 105
—— Returns to India —
—— The Conclusion 107
 SUCCESSION OF COLONELS.
1685 Duke of Somerset 109
1687 Alexander Cannon 110
1688 Richard Leveson —
1694 Thomas Lord Fairfax 111
1695 William Lloyd —
1703 George Carpenter 112
1732 Philip Honeywood 114
1743 Humphrey Bland —
1752 James Lord Tyrawley 115
1755 Earl of Albemarle 116
1772 Charles Lord Southampton 117
1797 Francis Lascelles —
1799 Sir Charles Grey 118
1807 William Cartwright 119
1821 Viscount Combermere 120
1829 Lord George Beresford —
1839 Lord Charles Somerset Manners 121
PLATES.
to
Costume of the Regiment 1
face
Battle of Sobraon " 106
3rd Light Dragoons.
[To face page 1.
 HISTORICAL RECORD
OF THE
THIRD, OR THE KING'S OWN,
REGIMENT
OF
LIGHT DRAGOONS.
James the Second ascended the throne of England on
the 6th of February, 1685, and four months only 1685
had elapsed, when his nephew, James Duke of
Monmouth, erected the standard of rebellion on the western coast,
and, having been joined by upwards of three thousand men,
proclaimed himself king. To oppose Monmouth and his rash
adherents, the King obtained from Parliament a grant of four
hundred thousand pounds, and augmented the strength of his army.
Among the loyal yeomen and artisans who arrayed themselves under
the banners of their sovereign, a number of young men from
Berkshire, Middlesex, Herts, and Essex, were formed into five
independent troops of Dragoons under Captains Richard Leveson, John
Williams, Thomas Hussey, Edward Lea, and Francis Russel. These five
troops, with an old independent troop of Dragoons, commanded by
Colonel Strather, were attached to the Royal Dragoons under John
Lord Churchill, (afterwards the great Duke of Marlborough,) whose
regiment was thus augmented to nine hundred men, and from these
additional troops the corps which now bears the distinguished title of
the "Third, or King's Own Regiment of Light Dragoons," derives its
origin.
Captain Russel's troop rendezvoused at Chelsea and Knightsbridge,
and having been speedily mounted and equipped, it was attached to
the three Scots regiments of foot which had arrived from Holland,
and ordered to join the army; but the insurgent bands having been
overthrown at Sedgemoor on the 6th of July, it halted at Bagshot;
and proceeding to London on the 13th, was present at the execution
of the Duke of Monmouth on the 15th of that month.
Although the insurrection was thus speedily suppressed, and the
executions which followed were sufficiently numerous to intimidate
the disaffected, and prevent a second appeal to arms of a similar
character, yet the King resolved to retain a considerable number of
the newly-raised forces in his service. On the 17th of July several
troops of Dragoons were formed into a regiment, (now the fourth
light dragoons,) under the command of Colonel John Berkeley; and
in the beginning of August, four of the additional troops attached to
the royal dragoons, with one troop from Berkeley's regiment, were
incorporated; at the same time another troop was ordered to be
raised, and the six were constituted a regiment of which His Grace
the Duke of Somerset was appointed Colonel, and Alexander Cannon,
from a regiment of foot in the Dutch service, Lieutenant-Colonel, by
commission dated the 2nd of August, 1685. The regiment thus
formed is the subject of this memoir; its Colonel being Lord-
Lieutenant of Somersetshire, had commanded the militia of that
county during the rebellion, and his regiment was honoured with the
title of the "Queen Consort's Regiment of Dragoons;" and being
composed of troops raised previously to those of Berkeley's
regiment, it obtained precedence of the last-mentioned corps[10].
The establishment was fixed by warrant under the
sign manual, bearing date the 1st of January, 1686, 1686
from which the following is an extract.
 THE QUEEN CONSORT'S REGIMENT OF DRAGOONS.
Per
Staff-Officers.
Diem.
£. s. d.
Colonel, as Colonel, xiis, iij horses iijs 0 15 0
Lieutenant-Colonel, as Lieut.-Colonel, vijs, and ij horses
0 9 0
ijs
Major (who has no troop) 1 0 0
Chaplaine 0 6 8
Chirurgeon ivs and j horse to carry his chest, ijs 0 6 0
Adjutant ivs, and for his horse js 0 5 0
Quarter-Master and Marshal in one person ivs, his horse
0 5 0
js
Gunsmith ivs and his servant is 0 5 0
3 6 8
The Colonel's Troop.
The Colonel, as Captaine, viiis, and iij horses iijs 0 11 0
Lieutenant ivs, and ij horses ijs 0 6 0
Cornett iijs, and ij horses ijs 0 5 0
Quarter-Master, for himself and horse 0 4 0
Two Serjeants, each js vid, and ijs for horses 0 5 0
Three Corporals, each js, and iijs for horses 0 6 0
Two Drummers, each js, and ijs for horses 0 4 0
Two Hautboys, each is, and ijs for horses 0 4 0
Fifty Soldiers, each at is vid for man and horse 3 15 0
6 0 0
Five Troops more, at the same rate 30 0 0
Total per Diem 39 6 8
Per Annum £14,356. 13s. 4d.
 NAMES of the OFFICERS of HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN
CONSORT'S REGIMENT OF DRAGOONS.
Captains. Lieutenants. Cornets.
Charles, Duke of Somerset,
Thomas Pownell Thos. Brewerton
(Colonel)
Alexr. Cannon, (Lieut.-Col.) Edward Sandys John Webb
Gustavus Philpot, (Major) had no troop
Willm. Francis De la
Richard Leveson
Stanniford Rue
John Williams George Clifford Richard Folliott
Peter
Thomas Hussey William Hussey
Sutherland
Oliver St. George Francis Tankard Rupert Napier
Henry Packhurst Chaplain.
James Barry Adjutant.
Noe L'Evesque Chirurgeon.

During the summer the regiment was encamped on 1687

Hounslow Heath, where it was reviewed by the
King; it was also encamped on the same ground in the summer of
1687; and took part in several mock-engagements, which were
exhibited by an army of upwards of ten thousand men, in presence
of their Majesties, and a numerous concourse of people.
The King, having openly declared himself a Roman
Catholic, resolved to give public audience to a 1688
nuncio from the Pope, Ferdinand d'Adda, who had
been consecrated Archbishop of Amasia in the King's Chapel at St.
James's, and the Duke of Somerset, who was Lord of the Bedchamber
in waiting, was directed to attend the legate into His Majesty's
presence. This command his Grace refused to obey, with a laudable
firmness which astonished the King, alleging the laws of England
made such attendance treason; he was consequently deprived of his
regiment and of his post at court. The King conferred the Colonelcy
on the Lieutenant-Colonel, Alexander Cannon, under whom it was
again encamped on Hounslow Heath.
While pursuing a course of tyrannical and ill-advised measures
against the laws and religion of the country, the King learnt with
astonishment and indignation, that the Prince of Orange was
embarking an army for England to aid the noblemen and gentlemen
who were opposed to papacy and arbitrary government; the Queen's
Dragoons, with several other corps, were ordered to Ipswich, under
the command of Major-General Sir John Lanier, to endeavour to
preserve Landguard fort, and to oppose the Prince if he should
attempt to land there. His Highness, however, landed at Torbay on
the 5th of November, 1688, when the regiment was ordered to
Salisbury, and from thence to Warminster, where the advance-post
of the King's army was established.
While the regiment was stationed at Warminster, the Lieutenant-
Colonel, Richard Leveson, Captain St. George, with several other
officers and a number of men, being stanch Protestants and zealous
advocates for their religion, and for the welfare of their country,
quitted their post and joined the Prince of Orange. The remainder of
the regiment continued with King James' army and retreated
towards London. His Majesty having quitted England and retired to
France, the regiment was re-united at Dunstable, and the Prince of
Orange conferred the colonelcy on Lieutenant-Colonel Leveson, in
succession to Colonel Cannon, who adhered to the interest, and
followed the fortunes of King James.
On the accession of King William III. and Queen
Mary, the Regiment did not lose its title of "The 1689
Queen's," but that designation was not used, and
numerical titles not having been then introduced, it was usually
styled Leveson's regiment; it was, however, again called "The Queen's,"
after its return from Ireland in 1692.
Under its new sovereign the regiment was quickly employed in active
service. King James proceeded from France to Ireland, and finding
an army, levied by Earl Tyrconnel, ready to support the Roman
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