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 The Political Philosophy of Zionism
Trading Jewish Words for a Hebraic Land

Zionism emerged at the end of the nineteenth century in response

to a rise in anti-Semitism in Europe, to a deteriorating economic
­predicament for Jews in Eastern Europe, and to the crisis of modern
Jewish identity. This novel, national revolution aimed to unite a scat-
tered community defined mainly by shared texts and literary ­tradition
into a vibrant political entity destined for the Holy Land. As this
remarkable book demonstrates, however, Zionism was about much
more than a national political ideology and practice. This movement
pictured time as wholly open and aesthetic in nature, attempted to
humanize space through collective action, and enlivened the Hebrew
language but stripped it of its privileged ontological status in Judaism.
By tracing the origins of Zionism in the context of a European history
of ideas, and by considering the writings of key Jewish and Hebrew
writers and thinkers from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, this
book offers an entirely new philosophical perspective on Zionism as a
unique movement based on intellectual boldness and belief in human
action. In counterdistinction to the studies of history and ideology
that dominate the field, this book also offers a new way of reflecting
on contemporary Israeli politics.

Eyal Chowers is a Senior Lecturer of Political Science at Tel Aviv

University in Israel, where he also serves as the co-head of the graduate
program in political leadership. He is the author of The Modern Self
in the Labyrinth: Politics and the Entrapment Imagination (2004).
A poster by the Histadrut, The General Federation of Labor in Israel, calling
upon new immigrants that came to Israel in the 1950s to take part in the mass
campaign “hanchalat halashon” (fostering the language) and register for Hebrew
classes provided by the Histadrut and other organizations all over the ­country. The
poster was created by Eliyahu Vardimon (the exact year is unknown). Courtesy of
The Central Zionist Archives, Jerusalem.
The Political Philosophy of Zionism
Trading Jewish Words for a Hebraic Land

Eyal Chowers
Tel Aviv University
 cambridge university press
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town,
Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Tokyo, Mexico City

Cambridge University Press

32 Avenue of the Americas, New York, ny 10013-2473, usa
www.cambridge.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9781107005945

© Eyal Chowers 2012

This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception

and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements,
no reproduction of any part may take place without the written
permission of Cambridge University Press.

First published 2012

Printed in the United States of America

A catalog record for this publication is available from the British Library.

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication data

Chowers, Eyal.
The political philosophy of Zionism : trading Jewish words for a Hebraic
land / by Eyal Chowers.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
isbn 978-1-107-00594-5 (hardback)
1. Zionism. 2. Zionism – Philosophy. 3. Hebrew
language – Political aspects. 4. Hebrew language – Social
aspects. I. Title.
ds149.c446 2011
320.54095694–dc22    2011006214

isbn 978-1-107-00594-5 Hardback

Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls
for external or third-party Internet Web sites referred to in this publication and does not
guarantee that any content on such Web sites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.
 Contents

List of Illustrations page vii

Acknowledgments ix

Introduction 1
1. Jews and the Temporal Imaginations of Modernity 19
I. Kant and the Future Integration of Human Space 24
II. Semicyclicality and the Poetic Redemption of Time 36
III. Spatial Mobility, Self-Interest, and the Ascent
of Present-Centeredness 60
2. The Zionist Temporal Revolution 72
I. Judaism and Revolution 76
II. The Skeleton of History 82
III. Zionism and Sundered History 94
IV. From Sundered History to Building 109
3. The End of Building 115
I. Building as an End in Itself 121
II. Zionism, Discontinuity, and Modernist Architecture 128
III. Belonging and the World of Matter 133
IV. Belonging and the Humanization of Space 136
V. Community of Builders 142
VI. Telishut 148
4. Hebrew and Politics 153
I. Can Man be the Measure of All Things in Hebrew? 157
II. Language, Collective Sprit, and Teleological Time:
Ahad Ha’am 171
III. Language, Time, and Revolution: Chaim Nachman
Bialik 189

v
vi Contents

5. Democratic Language and Zionism 215

I. Language and Revealment 218
II. Democratic Language and Tradition 226
Conclusion 241

Bibliography 257
Index 271
 List of Illustrations

1. Israel and Rivka Pollack upon their arrival at the

moshav Ein Ayala, Israel (1951). Photo by Zoltan
Kluger, courtesy of The Central Zionist Archives,
Jerusalem. page 18
2. A mosaic floor with Hebrew-Aramaic inscription in a
fifth-century synagogue in Jericho. Photo by Milner
Moshe, May 19, 1968. Courtesy of the Government Press
Office, Israel. 36
3. Defense Minister Moshe Dayan. Photo by Moshe
Milner, July 24, 1969. Courtesy of the Government Press
Office, Israel. 71
4. A poster announcing a boxing competition (1943).
Photo courtesy of The Central Zionist Archives, Jerusalem. 108
5. Jewish laborers on the shore near Tel Aviv loading
camels with sand for building. Photo by Zoltan Kluger,
August 1, 1939. Courtesy of the Government
Press Office, Israel. 114
6. A construction worker, Rothschild Boulevard, Tel
Aviv. Photo by Ze’ev Aleksandrowicz, 1933. 120
7. A worker at a brick manufacturing factory in Tel Aviv.
Photo by Hans Pinn, June 1, 1946. Courtesy of the
Government Press Office, Israel. 128

vii
viii List of Illustrations

8. Chief of Staff Yitzhak Rabin speaking at the Mount Scopus

Amphitheatre after receiving an honorary doctorate from
the Hebrew University at the end of the Six Day War. Photo
by Ilan Bruner, June 28, 1967. Courtesy of the Government
Press Office, Israel. 147
9. Lord Arthur Balfour addressing the audience at the
opening ceremony of the Hebrew University (1925).
Unknown photographer; photo courtesy of The Central
Zionist Archives, Jerusalem. 151
10. Notrim (or Gafirim, members of the Jewish police force set
up by the British administration in Mandatory Palestine)
guarding the Hebrew University on Mount Scopus (1947).
Photo by Ya’akov Ben-Dov, courtesy of The Central Zionist
Archives, Jerusalem. 151
11. A donkey carrying books for the National Library at the
Hebrew University. Unknown photographer and year;
photo courtesy of The Central Zionist Archives, Jerusalem. 152
12. A “youth Aliya” girl on guard duty at the “Ayanot”
agriculture school. Photo by Zoltan Kluger, April 4,
1948. Courtesy of the Government Press Office, Israel. 170
13. David Ben-Gurion and the late poet Chaim Nachman
Bialik aboard the S.S. Martha Washington on a cruise.
Unknown photographer, October 1, 1933. Courtesy of the
Government Press Office, Israel. 190
14. Chaim Nachman Bialik (1925). Unknown photographer;
photo courtesy of The Central Zionist Archives, Jerusalem. 191
15. A poster issued during the 1950s by Haifa’s city council
as part of a national effort to teach the new Jewish
immigrants Hebrew. Poster courtesy of The Central
Zionist Archives, Jerusalem. 213
16. A poster issued by the Ministry of Education during
the 1950s explaining basic concepts regarding
transportation and travel to new immigrants.
Poster courtesy of The Central Zionist Archives, Jerusalem. 214
17. Jewish and Arab workers marching in the May Day
parade in Ramle. Photo by Zoltan Kluger, May 1, 1949.
Courtesy of the Government Press Office, Israel. 240
 Acknowledgments

I started working on this project a long time ago, erroneously believing

it would take me just a few years to complete. But the more I delved into
the subject of Zionism and its relation to modernity, the more subtle and
fascinating this subject became, in my opinion at least.
There are certainly many downsides to writing a book over an extended
period of time, but one of the advantages is that one can consult with and
benefit from many friends, colleagues, and students.
I would like to thank Janet Benton, Leora Bilsky, Eppie Kreitner, David
Myers, Natalie Oman, Yoav Peled, Nancy Schwartz, Idith Zertal, and
Yael Zerubavel for reading parts of this manuscript and helping me to
improve it substantially. Thanks, especially, to Charles Blattberg and
Aharon Klieman for their many useful comments and for being gener-
ous with their time. I also benefited from illuminating discussions with
Revital Amiran, Seyla Benhabib, Eva Illouz Yaron Ezrahi, Azar Gat, Ariel
Hirschfeld, Steven Smith, Bernard Yack, and Ronald Zweig. Thanks also
to Lior Erez, Dimitry Kortukov, and Yonatan Preminger from Tel Aviv
University for their help at different stages, as well as to Anat Banin and
Nechma Kanner from the Zionist Archives.
I would also like to thank the Shalem Center in Jerusalem for support-
ing the early parts of my research and for its hospitality, and the Van Leer
Jerusalem Institute for allowing me to use its splendid library for many
years.
My students at Tel Aviv University (and, during one semester, at Yale
University) have been extremely helpful in the formation of this book.
They have tolerated my half-baked ideas during many classes, challenged
me, and enriched my thought immensely; I am very grateful to them.

ix
x Acknowledgments

I am beholden to Eliyahu Vardimon (1912–81), the creator of the beau-

tiful poster reprinted on the cover of this book. Mr. Vardimon, a chalutz,
artist, designer, and author of archaeology books, came to Mandatory
Palestine from Dresden, Germany, in 1934. He created many posters
for various Zionist organizations such as the Jewish National Fund and
Keren Hayesod, and he was a chief designer of numerous international
exhibitions representing the government of Israel and others. Vardimon’s
poster conveys the attempt of Zionists to displace foreign languages with
Hebrew, not to trade Jewish words for a Hebraic land – but as we shall
see, these ideas are akin.
Many thanks also to my editor, Marigold Acland, for her trust, insight-
ful guidance, and very substantial help along the way. I have also benefited
much from the comments of the anonymous readers for Cambridge
University Press.
In the production of this book, I was very fortunate to receive excellent
professional assistance and a friendly attitude from Phyllis Berk, Mark
Fox, and Regina Paleski. Thanks also to Joy Mizan for her patience and
for facilitating the communication among all those involved.
I am especially grateful to Yael Agam, who encouraged me along the
way.
I would like to dedicate this book to two young and extraordinary
persons I loved who died during their military service: Michal Amit
(1961–80) and my cousin Ephraim Chowers (1960–82).
Earlier versions of some parts of this book have been published else-
where. I would like to thank the following publishers for kindly allow-
ing me to make use of the following materials: “The End of Building:
Zionism and the Politics of the Concrete,” by Eyal Chowers, The Review
of Politics, Vol. 64 (no. 4), Sept. 2002, pp. 599–626, © 2002 University
of Notre Dame. Reprinted with the permission of Cambridge University
Press; Eyal Chowers, “Language and Democracy in the Thought of
Hannah Arendt,” in Hannah Arendt: A Half-Century of Polemics, Idith
Zertal and Moshe Zuckermann (eds.), pp. 33–48 (Tel Aviv: Hakibbutz
Hameuchad, 2005), © 2005 Hakibbutz Hameuchad. Reprinted with the
permission of Hakibbutz Hameuchad; Eyal Chowers, “The Marriage of
Time and Identity: Kant, Benjamin, and the Nation-State,” Philosophy
and Social Criticism, May 1999, Vol. 25 (no. 3), pp. 55–80, © 1999, Sage
Publications. Reprinted with the permission of Sage Publications; Eyal
Chowers, “Gushing Time: Modernity and the Multiplicity of Temporal
Homes,” Time and Society, Sept. 2002, Vol. 11 (nos. 2 & 3), pp. 235–
249, © 2002, Sage Publications. Reprinted with the permission of Sage
 Acknowledgments xi

Publications; Eyal Chowers, “Time in Zionism: The Life and Afterlife

of a Temporal Revolution,” Political Theory, Vol. 26 (no. 5), Oct. 1998,
pp. 652–85, © 1998, Sage Publications. Reprinted with the permission of
Sage Publications; Eyal Chowers, “Ahad Ha’am and the Jewish Volkgeist,”
in Global Politics: Essays in the Honour of David Vital, A. Ben-Zvi and
A. Kleiman (eds.), pp. 267–82 (London: Frank Cass Publishers, 2001), ©
2001, Taylor & Francis. Reprinted with the permission of the Taylor &
Francis Group.
 Introduction

There are rare moments in one’s life when radical change becomes
­inescapable. We do not seek these moments; they most often occur when
all other options have been pushed to the ground, and collapsed. We
have a number of tactics to cope with challenging times, tactics we cling
to more tightly when we are desperate to escape radical change. Some of
us flee into the present: We immerse ourselves in the little pleasures of
life, in intimacy and bonding, in the objects we possess and the achieve-
ments we have marshaled; the rest, the dreadful memories and cloudy
prospects – the events that are too certain and those that are wholly
uncertain – we tend to deliberately ignore. Not to think too much is the
credo of the present seeker. Or some of us try to trust in the future, hop-
ing to gradually reform ourselves and the world, believing, like Hegel
and Marx did, that the contradictions in human life must be resolved
through progress in history, that the promise of harmony, fulfillment,
and happiness eludes us just because we are limited by our location in
the narrative. We may be devoured by opposing forces, commitments,
relations – but on a higher plane, to which we shall be carried by the
wings of time, these forces are not incompatible. Still others among us
flee to the past: We believe that tradition possesses the ultimate author-
ity, that it contains truth and wisdom, that if we cling to the old ways of
dwelling in the world we will not only maintain dignity and identity, but
will also be able to cope well with the contingencies of circumstances.
When these and other strategies of escape have been exhausted, how-
ever – when the present becomes too harsh, the notion of the future as
progressive betterment is revealed as an illusion, and tradition is experi-
enced as totally at odds with actual circumstances – the moment arrives

1
2 The Political Philosophy of Zionism

when we accept that we must face a decision: to make a radical trans-

formation in the ways we act and think or to relinquish the hope of
becoming a whole, or at least capable, individual. This is a moment of
both sadness and excitement, of letting go of one mode of existence that
shaped us and exploring the unknown.
Something similar happens to communities. They also, at rare times
to be sure, reach points at which they must make decisions: change or
disappear, create themselves anew or perish in their old ways. These
are times for beginning from scratch, for destroying and inventing,
for forgetting and imagining. When individuals transform their lives,
they seclude themselves or change their vocation, or alter relations, or
exhume their inner voice; when communities seek transformation, they
give birth to or breathe new life into politics.
This book is about the crisis of the Jewish people in modernity, and
especially about the radical politics some of them have embraced in the
form of Zionism. Zionism is the creation of politics: of new institutions
and resources, of zealous leaders and committed movements, of lofty
ideologies and practical strategies and planning, of a public sphere (even
prior to the existence of a territory) and a language enlivened mainly for
the sake of that sphere – and ultimately, of course, of collective action
and mass mobilization. As a phenomenon embodying radical politics,
Zionism is inherently intertwined with a temporal crisis faced by some
Jews at the end of the nineteenth century: a dire present in which they
found themselves due to increasing anti-Semitism across Europe and to
economic deterioration in the East; a disbelief that the future promised
genuine integration into European nation-states or into a cosmopolitan
community; and a disenchantment with faith in an almighty God and
the enduring relevance of tradition. Underlying the rise of Zionism is
a transformation in the way a number of Jews viewed the meaning of
history, perceived its direction or lack thereof, conceived of its dangers
and potentials, and interpreted the times in which they were living: “In
the life of nations, as in the life of the private individual, there are rare,
weighty moments, and the way these moments are being handled would
determine that fate of the people or person in the future, for good or for
bad. We are currently undergoing such a moment.”1

1
Leo Pinsker, Auto-Emancipation [Selbstemanzipation, 1882], at http://www.benye-
huda.org/ginzberg/pinsker_autoemancipation.html. I have been assisted in the trans-
lations from this text by the English translation of the original German by Dr. D. S.
Blondheim, Federation of American Zionists, 1916, at http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.
org/jsource/Zionism/pinsker.html. (Unless I indicate otherwise, all translations in this
book are mine. EC)
 Introduction 3

Yet this study also seeks to go beyond Zionism, or rather to reflect

on certain aspects of modernity by virtue of understanding Zionism.
Specifically, the predicament of Jews in general and of Zionists in par-
ticular serves as a springboard for reflection on the temporal imagina-
tions of modernity, since in the European scene the modern Jews are the
prime temporal agents. They are considered by others (and sometimes
by themselves) to be the ultimate strangers, an uprooted people, and
therefore they have often become the most ardent believers in visions
of a future cosmopolitan society, for in such a future they will finally
be at home with others and enjoy equal rights and respect regardless of
primordial, territorial, cultural, national, religious, or other particular-
istic attachments. The Jews are also steadfast believers in their tradition:
They epitomize the power of human memory in their insistence on cer-
tain practices and customs, rituals and holidays, legal codes and learn-
ing. Their identity seems to depend on their capacity for remembrance
and on their ability to reinterpret and reproduce the past. Yet the Jews
are also the people most identified with industrialization, commerce,
and market capitalism generally. Therefore, they are often identified
with the present-centeredness of this economic system, with its promo-
tion of immediate gains, its cultivation of self-interest without regard
to prior or succeeding generations, its constantly looming materialism
and hedonism. In short, the Jews are the people most immersed in time,
as they lack a space or a polity of their own as alternative anchors of
identity. It is not an exaggeration to say, in fact, that the story of Jewish
temporality since the late eighteenth century reflects the story of modern
temporality at large.
I have used the term temporal imagination. By this I mean (to put it
briefly at this stage) the ways that people represent the nature of time,
as when they ponder such things as whether it is quantitative or quali-
tative, what connection (or lack of connection) exists among proximate
and distant events, and what the overarching structure and direction of
time is (ranging from a tight, progressing totality to complete arbitrari-
ness). But before I say more about the temporal imaginations of moder-
nity – and about their critical effects on Zionism – let us bear in mind
the familiar and important accounts of the crisis of modern Jewry and
the reasons for the emergence of Zionism.
This emergence is often described as the upshot of the deteriorating
status of citizenship experienced by Jews in the late nineteenth century.
In France, observes David Vital, “the question Jews had . . . increas-
ingly to face was less whether they would be allowed to become citi-
zens of the state than whether they would be granted membership in the
4 The Political Philosophy of Zionism

nation.”2 What was true in France was even more acutely felt in Central
and Eastern European countries, where organic nationalism, Volkish
ideologies, racism, and traditional stereotypes led many to view Jews
with suspicion because of their distinct religion, culture, language, and
origins. Indeed, toward the end of the nineteenth century, the universal-
ism and equality of citizenship that had characterized the emancipation
of the Jews since the French Revolution and the rise of bourgeois liberal-
ism were gradually evaporating, and they felt increasingly discriminated
against socially and humiliated.3 Although formally Jews gained equal
rights, this did not mean that they became part of the nation; the attempt
of state institutions (especially in Germany and France) to integrate them
into the general population ebbed with the emergence of new, populist
forces that made use of the emerging public sphere and transformed the
political discourse and practice by presenting Jews as interlopers. If in
France this phenomenon was epitomized in the Dreyfus affair, in Tsarist
Russia – where Jews were never considered equal citizens – matters
were much worse: The hundreds of pogroms that occurred in southern
Russia during the early 1880s demonstrated to them that their (limited)
bond with the state was finished, that because of its need to boost its
shaky legitimacy, the state withdrew its hold over the population and let
Jews be the prey of the city mob, the frustrated peasants, or the various
national minorities within its bounds.
In fact, Jews had begun to understand that even the equality of rights
that started to elude them everywhere would not have promised respect
in the eyes of nations, since such respect can only be given to members
of a cohesive nation with a place and political institutions of its own,
not to dispersed individuals that are alien everywhere and are always
dependent on the goodwill of others.4 It is not only the respect of oth-
ers that was missing, to be precise, but also self-respect, the profound
other-dependency of Jews affecting their perception of themselves and

2
David Vital, A People Apart: The Jews in Europe, 1789–1939 (Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 2000), p. 248.
3
For a history of the Jews in nineteenth-century Europe, see J. Frankel and S.
Zipperstein, eds., Assimilation and Community: The Jews in Nineteenth-Century
Europe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992).
4
As Leo Strauss notes, political Zionists, in particular, argued that the goal must be “the
restoration of their [Jews’] honor through the acquisition of statehood and therefore of
a country – any country.” Strauss seems to concur that Jewish honor and self-respect
are at the core of Zionism. See Leo Strauss, Spinoza’s Critique of Religion (Chicago:
University of Chicago Press, 1997), p. 5. On Strauss and Zionism, see Steven B. Smith,
Reading Leo Strauss (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2006), Chap. 2.
 Introduction 5

diminishing them internally. Because the Jews refuse to disappear as

a distinct people, on the one hand, but do not exist as an independent
and cohesive nation, on the other, noted Leo Pinsker, the world consid-
ers them as an “uncanny form of one of the dead walking among the
living,” as a kind of “ghostlike apparition of a living corpse.” At times,
the antipathy toward them is manifested through actual discrimination
and violence, and at other times through being “tolerated” with effort
and designated as a group needing special protection by the authorities.
But, according to Pinsker, “to be robbed as a Jew or to be protected as
a Jew is equally humiliating, equally destructive to the self-respect of
the Jews.” Only the restoration of the Jewish nation as an independent
political body in a land of its own would restore Jewish honor and sense
of self-worth.5
Economics and demographics also played their part in generating the
Jewish quandary of modern times. In the Pale of Settlement, at least a
third of the Jews were destitute and dependent on charity. They were
forced to leave the villages and move to the towns; there, the artisans
earned meager wages, the workers toiled in small businesses and mostly
as unskilled laborers, and the traders were often confined in their busi-
ness to the local level. As the fastest-growing population in Russia (as
well as in more prosperous Germany, incidentally), Jews lived in terri-
ble sanitary conditions, with entire families most often crowded into
one room, and with poor health services. In other words, many Jews of
Eastern Europe experienced some of the typical developments of mod-
ernization (they became more urban people and underwent a vast change
in their communal life and sheer demographics), yet they could not enjoy
the benefits offered by this modernization (e.g., promising vocations,
better quality of life, access to higher education). Their distinctiveness
prevented them from becoming members of the proletarian class that
was emerging in the heavy and more established industries, nor could
they become an integral part of the middle class due to severe restric-
tions on their movements, education, and mobility.
The economic and political crisis of modern Jewry was intermingled
with a more basic, existential one of individual and collective identity.
In order to become a part of the German nation, for example, Jews
had to master the German language and relinquish (at least in pub-
lic) their beloved Yiddish, to change their long-established commercial
occupations into “productive” ones, and to embrace bourgeois mores

5
Pinsker, Auto-Emancipation.
6 The Political Philosophy of Zionism

(e.g., an emphasis on hygiene, propriety, external appearance, emotional

restraint, and the small family unit),6 rather than maintain their more
expressive and communal way of life. Jewish identity devolved into a
state of confusion, veering between waning tradition – whose fixed prac-
tices and values offered less and less relevant answers – and seculariza-
tion, whose openness posed multiple and conflicting options. Primary
among these options were choosing Jewishness as a culture (rather than
as a religious faith) or embracing the general culture of the relevant
nation (which nevertheless remained foreign); eating kosher, not work-
ing on the Sabbath, covering one’s head, teaching the children Hebrew,
and so forth or ignoring all of these customs and traditions by surrender-
ing oneself to the demands of the external world. Should a Jew choose
communal life, which some experienced as suffocating, or a lonely exis-
tence with a much-shrunken family structure in the city? Should he or
she choose loyalty to the collective and to Jews wherever they are (arvut
hadadit) or give in to the nagging voice of self-interest characteristic of
the modern era? The Jews, in other words, were troubled by irresolvable
dilemmas in the most basic realms of their existence.
Although this generalized account of the emergence of Zionism is
enlightening, it is insufficient: The political, economic, and existential
crisis of modern Jewry does not lead naturally or necessarily to Zionism,
as some scholars suggest. The fact that a community experiences a break-
down in its old ways of life and that external circumstances become dire
does not mean that it will inevitably find a solution to that crisis, and
certainly not a radical new path; history is the graveyard of countless
communities that did not muster the power and inventiveness to over-
come the troubles that beset them. Moreover, the history of Jews in the
Diaspora is saturated with disasters that did not lead to radical solu-
tions. In Western Europe alone, Jews were occasionally massacred (com-
mencing with the massacres in the Rhineland during the First Crusade
in 1096), expelled abruptly (from England [1290], France [1306], Spain
[1492], and Portugal [1497]), ghettoized (first by Pope Paul IV in 1555),
harassed by accusations of ritual murder, discriminated against econom-
ically and degraded to utter impoverishment, and so forth. None of this,
however, led them to collective action aimed at returning to their ancient
land, and Jews optimized strategies of adaptation, not of revolution.
Indeed, it is not crisis alone that propels people to great deeds: They also

6
Shlomit Volkov, Bama’agal hamechushaf: yehudim, anti-shemim, vegermanim acherim
[The magic circle: Germans, Jews and Antisemites] (Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 2002), p. 172.
 Introduction 7

need to feel that action is possible, that the world is malleable and can
be crafted by humans; no less crucial, they need to perceive themselves
as potent beings, effective actors on the stage of history. Not even the
rise of nationalism in modernity explains how (some) Jews found the
boldness to define themselves as a viable nation – and succeed. How is it,
then, that around the turn of the twentieth century, a small but decisive
number of Jews began to see human affairs as hospitable to deliberate
intervention and willful rupture?
Before answering this question, it is worth bearing in mind the scope
of the Zionist revolution. Zionism emerged during the last decade of
the nineteenth century, mainly in Eastern and Central Europe. While
originally a movement of a small minority of Jews that was considered
outlandish by their peers, its institutional ingenuity, combined with
pressing external circumstances, gradually turned it into a viable option
for the Jewish masses. At the most basic level, Zionism aimed to restore
to the Jews a political body they could claim as their own; national inde-
pendence was seen as the way to guard the individual against physical
threats and economic want, and the collective against the menace of
assimilation and disintegration. Most Zionists – seeking to legitimize
their claim for nationhood and to echo the glorious Hebraic past of self-
government – thought that this modern project of renewal could succeed
only in Eretz Israel (Palestine). But Zionism meant more than political
independence in Palestine. It promised both material and spiritual trans-
formation: a modernized economy of and for the Jews, which would
eliminate their threatened, fleeting patterns of survival as well as their
dependent occupational structure (which often left them socially back-
ward), and the revival of the Hebrew language, which would launch a
secular, fresh cultural experiment and introduce new substance into the
Jewish collective identity. Some even hoped to form a new Jew: natural,
assertive, self-reliant, productive, and so on. Once we consider the rad-
ical and unprecedented nature of these goals, the question arises even
more forcefully: Where did the Zionists find the audacity to take on such
an all-engulfing experiment?
The answer has two components. The first concerns the nature of
modern men and women as historical, and the second, the specific tem-
poral quality of the late nineteenth century and of the Zionist percep-
tion of time in that era. Beginning with the French Revolution, asserts
Reinhart Koselleck, time “colored the entire political and social vocabu-
lary.” Since that period, he adds, “there has hardly been a central concept
of political theory or social program which does not contain a coefficient
8 The Political Philosophy of Zionism

of temporal change.”7 This new centrality of time in social and political

thought is familiar. Thinkers of the seventeenth century tended to view
time as neutral and could therefore envision a great degree of perma-
nence in the world order and humans’ place in that order. Locke, for
example, believed that the obligations of the Law of Nature “cease not
in Society.” Thus, he added, “the Law of Nature stands as an Eternal
Rule to all Men, legislators as well as others.”8 For Locke, then, the Law
of Nature, which defines our individual rights and commitments to one
another, was inscribed everlastingly in the world by the Divine.9 This
Law, and the overall order of which this Law forms a part, are wholly
transparent to human reason and are judged as inherently sensible by
that reason. Since neither the order and Law of God nor human reason
and judgment ever change, history is characterized by continuity and
coherence, rather than by constant transformation and difference.10
From the middle of the eighteenth century onward, however, this view
was no longer tenable. In Rousseau’s Second Discourse, for instance,
time itself became a factor in human life and was conceived as shaping
human consciousness, needs, motivations, character, options, and more;
in short, the individual, and the species as a whole, became historical.
This creed was formulated later by such diverse writers as Kant, Arndt,
Comte, Hegel, Marx, Spencer, and countless others. Since the late eigh-
teenth century, then, “time is no longer simply the medium in which all
histories take place; it gains a historical quality. Consequently, history
no longer occurs in, but through, time. Time becomes a dynamic and
historical force in its own right.”11 In the new vista, each epoch in his-
tory (especially each century) possesses a distinct quality evident in all
spheres of human existence: political institutions and economic modes
of production, fashion and arts, practices and habits, moral codes and
overall visions of life. To understand individuals and societies, we must
be attuned to all of these spheres and how they are shaped by history.

7
Reinhart Koselleck, “Neuzeit: Remarks on the Semantics of the Modern Concepts of
Movement,” in his Futures Past (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1985), p. 259.
8
John Locke, Second Treatise of Government (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1980), p. 71.
9
Locke professes that if we examine the reason imbued in Nature, we shall discover that
we have a right to life, health, freedom, and property – and that we must respect the
right of others to the same. Moreover, Locke’s Law of Nature is essentially oriented
toward the preservation of humankind and the enhancement of human sociability.
10
Locke, Second Treatise of Government, p. 104. For a general discussion of natural
law in the seventeenth century in authors such as Grotius, Pufendorf, Cumberland,
and Locke, see Knud Haakonssen, Natural Law and Moral Philosophy (Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 1996), esp. Chap. 1.
11
Koselleck, “Neuzeit: Remarks,” p. 246.
 Introduction 9

There is no belief in human nature as such and no model of a “best

regime” that is transhistorical. Indeed, there are considered to be no
predetermined, tradition-laden confines to what humans can will and
do; it is our specific location in time that opens some options of existence
and closes others. In order to understand this location correctly, we must
fathom the ontology and course of time by transcending its particular
manifestations. Historical time should be contemplated abstractly – as a
system with certain categories, rules, structure, rationale; in fact, some
even believe that we should see it as a totality, as a coherent phenomenon
that embraces all epochs as well as all places – as a world history. This
overarching vision is necessary not only to understand the quality of a
distant era but even more importantly to understand ourselves and the
paths receptive to our actions.
More specifically, history is essential for us as we seek to fathom the
answers to two clusters of critical questions. Firstly, what is the mean-
ing of our lives in this particular time and place, and of which emerging
order do we form a part? Are we the moral agents promoting in our
daily moral actions a universal community of justice and Right? Are
we the small cells cultivating the ancient spirit and body of the nation?
Are we the proletarian threshold from which a classless society will be
formed and solidarity reign? History answers these questions for us, for
meaning is not merely an individual project but is dependent on our
accurate comprehension of history and the truth that emerges from its
unfolding.
The second cluster of questions that history answers concerns whether
a certain action or policy is legitimate. For example, if history leads us by
its underlying narrative toward a mosaic of nation-states, then it would
be a senseless policy to weaken these institutions by strengthening trans-
national bodies or by forming fluid boundaries around the nation’s dis-
tinct culture. When we debate with each other about what is proper to
think and do, we must base our arguments on the nature of history, since
if our actions are counter to its essence they would be morally wrong and
politically pointless, even dangerous. The emergence of Zionism should
be explained in this context: If modern men and women are indeed his-
torical, and if Jews are prime temporal agents, then it is the Zionist
conception of time we should first probe – even prior to the political,
economic-demographic, or existential reasons for the emergence of this
movement. The Zionist revolution presupposed a temporal revolution, a
shift in the way Jews began to experience time, understand its ontology,
and thereby understand their political responsibility and potential. To be
10 The Political Philosophy of Zionism

perfectly clear, without this temporal revolution, the Zionism revolution

would not have been possible.
The significance of this study should be understood in the context
of the existing scholarship on Zionism, which includes – surprisingly
enough – little substantial political-philosophical dimension. A society
formed to a large extent by the ingenuity of political institutions and
actors – and a society in which philosophy blossomed through found-
ing figures such as Martin Buber, Nathan Rotenstreich, Shmuel Hugo
Bergman, and Yeshayahu Leibowitz (all of whom wrote about modern
Jewish nationalism)12 – nevertheless has failed to develop a significant
tradition of political philosophy with which to reflect upon itself: No key
problems have been identified, relevant concepts invented, pathbreaking
and founding texts accepted. To be sure, there are plenty of studies of
Zionist ideology13 and a vast number of historical writings on Zionism
(as well as studies of its sociology, language, culture, and more); these
resources stand, however, in odd contrast to the relatively few political-
philosophical writings that emerged from within Israel.14
Gershom Scholem believed that this predicament (he referred to phi-
losophy generally) stemmed from the chaotic character of the young
Hebrew language. “I think,” he noted, “that what is evolving here and is
alive cannot be articulated by a system or an enduring thought. I think
that the lack of language and concepts are objective not subjective mat-
ters, and do not derive from the weakness of philosophers but from actual

12
Martin Buber, On Zion: The History of an Idea (New York: Schocken Books, 1973);
Buber, A Land of Two Peoples: Martin Buber on Jews and Arabs (New York: Oxford
University Press, 1983); Nathan Rotenstreich, Jewish Philosophy in Modern Times:
From Mendelssohn to Rosenzweig (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1968);
Shmuel Hugo Bergman, Bamish’ol (Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 1976); Y. Leibovitch, Yahadut,
am yehudi umedinat yisrael [Judaism, the Jewish People, and the State of Israel] (Tel
Aviv: Schocken, 1975).
13
See, in particular, Zeev Sternhell, The Founding Myths of Israel: Nationalism,
Socialism, and the Making of the Jewish State, trans. David Maisel (Princeton, NJ:
Princeton University Press, 1998); Shlomo Avineri, The Making of Modern Zionism:
Intellectual Origins of the Jewish State (New York: Basic Books, 1981); and Gideon
Shimoni, The Zionist Ideology (Boston: Brandeis University Press, 1995).
14
Among the notable exceptions to the general picture painted here are Rotenstreich’s
Jewish Philosophy in Modern Time; Yael Tamir, Liberal Nationalism (Princeton,
NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993); Yaron Ezrahi, Rubber Bullets: Power and
Conscience in Modern Israel (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997); Adi
Ophir, Lashon hara’a [The order of evils: Toward an ontology of morals] (Tel Aviv:
Am Oved, 2000); Yoram Hazony, The Jewish State: The Struggle for Israel’s Soul
(New York: Basic Books, 2000); and Chaim Gans, A Just Zionism: On the Morality
of the Jewish State (New York: Oxford University Press, 2008).
 Introduction 11

circumstances.”15 Scholem’s insight is compelling: In fact, the Hebrew

language is still chaotic and rapidly evolving, with books written 40
years ago often looking anachronistic, their vocabulary seemingly odd
and dated. Moreover, the revived Hebrew does not lend itself easily to
abstractions, so that philosophical concepts seem highly artificial (e.g.,
sochen [agent] musari [moral], which stands for “moral agent”) or lack
the dimension of abstraction altogether (e.g., the word diyyon means
“deliberation,” but does not have the connotation of thoughtfulness and
reflection associated with the English word).
Perhaps, however, it was not only the chaotic nature of language
that was (and maybe still is) at fault but also its powerlessness in a pol-
ity in which actions (such as armed conflicts that lead to conquest and
defeat, settlement and evacuation) prevail over words. This hierarchy is
ingrained in the very foundations of Zionism and is essential for under-
standing this movement’s history as well as the Israeli state’s present:
The Jewish Agency, for example, decided to celebrate the centenary of
the First Zionist Congress (1997) with the slogan “Zionism is about
doing – yesterday, today, and tomorrow” (my emphasis; I will return to
this slogan and its broader meaning later in the book). While this may
at first seem counterintuitive, my choosing to write this book first in the
English language stems in part from the need to cope with the intense
changeability and matter-of-fact orientation of contemporary Hebrew,
as well as with its relative futility in shaping reality. As for the relation
between action and words in Zionism, this problem is one of my central
concerns here.
While this work offers a different order of reflection on Zionism, it
also calls for a departure from the prevalent theories and vocabularies
typically used to examine this movement. Contemporary scholarship on
Zionism is based on the dramatic rise of two political ideologies and
practices – nationalism and colonialism – during the last decades of the
nineteenth century. Scholars debate over which of these phenomena was
most decisive in shaping Zionism.
Critics of Zionism (who include some of the scholars known in Israel
as the “New Historians”) point to the colonial and imperialist elements
in Zionism, such as its economic exploitation of the native Arab pop-
ulation, its fixation on land acquisition through dubious methods, its
attempt to accumulate weapons and organize itself militarily, and its
perception of itself as the messenger of progress and high culture in a

15
Gershom Scholem, Devarim bego (Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 1975), p. 48 (in Hebrew).
12 The Political Philosophy of Zionism

backward environment. This approach argues that (most) early Zionists

were not interested in forming significant economic, political, or indeed
social relations with the Arabs and remained a self-enclosed community;
nor did these Zionists acknowledge the depth of the Arabs’ historical-
cultural and religious attachment to the land. The critics also point to
the partial expulsion of the Palestinian population by Israeli forces in
1948, the reluctance of Israeli leaders to accept responsibility for the fate
of these refugees, and the lukewarm reactions of Israel to various Arab
peace initiatives.16
In contrast, those who sympathize with the movement’s aims under-
score its affinity with other national liberation movements that evolved
during the nineteenth century, arguing that Zionism was a legitimate
reaction to anti-Semitism and the exclusion of Jews from European
nation-states. Not only is Jewish nationalism as legitimate as any other,
but Jews were actually pushed by their neighbors to embrace this polit-
ical ideology. From this perspective, Zionism sought to solve a crisis –
one of physical security, economic existence, and collective identity – not
to exploit and control others.17 The sympathizers note that, beginning
with Herzl’s Altneuland (1902), Zionism always contained strong liberal
principles despite its national goals, and that it aspired to act toward
Arabs as equals and partners. The friendly scholars suggest, however,

16
Revisionist works on Zionist historiography include Gershon Shafir, Land, Labor, and
the Origins of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, 1882–1914 (Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1989); Gershon Shafir and Yoav Peled, Being Israeli: The Dynamics
of Multiple Citizenship (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002); Ilan Pappe,
The Making of the Arab-Israeli Conflict, 1947–1951 (London: I. B. Tauris, 1994);
and Benny Morris, 1948 and After: Israel and the Palestinians (Oxford: Clarendon,
1990), as well as 1948: A History of the First Arab-Israeli War (New Haven, CT: Yale
University Press, 2008). Despite the troubling history he helped to uncover, however,
Morris is a Zionist.
17
This line of interpretation has been formed in Israel by historians such as Ben Zion
Dinaburg and Yitzhak Baer. The latter, for example, writes that “the Galut [Diaspora]
has returned to its starting point. It remains what it always was: political servitude,
which must be abolished completely.” See Yitzhak Baer, Galut (New York: Schocken
Books, 1988), p. 118. See also Baer, Mehkarim umasot betoldot am yisrael, 2 vols.
(Jerusalem: Hahevra Hahistorit Hayisraelit, 1985); Ben Zion Dinaburg, Bema’avak
hadorot shel am yisrael al artzo mihurban betar ad tekumat yisrael (Jerusalem, Mossad
Bialik,1975); and Dinaburg, Bemifne hadorot (Jerusalem, Mossad Bialik, 1971–72).
Nonrevisionist, contemporary historians in Israel are less driven by Zionist ideology,
but they are nevertheless inclined to highlight the just cause of this movement rather
than its colonial elements. See, e.g., David Vital, The Origins of Zionism (Oxford:
Clarendon, 1975); Vital, A People Apart; Walter Laqueur, A History of Zionism (New
York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1972); and Anita Shapira, Land and Power, The
Zionist Resort to Force, 1881–1948 (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992).
 Introduction 13

that the benign intensions of Zionists were answered with continuous

acts of terror by Palestinians toward Jews since at least the 1920s and
with propaganda against them, which began even earlier. These scholars
also point to the Jewish leadership’s acceptance of the principle of parti-
tion since 1937 and their approval of the United Nations partition plan
in 1947, while the Palestinians rejected this plan as well as others, and to
the invasion of Palestine in 1948 by the armies of the Arab League and
their responsibility for the deteriorating relations with the Jewish state.
Although these interpretations differ in their normative presupposi-
tions and theoretical frameworks, as well as in the facts they highlight,
they are nevertheless similar in their attempts to see Zionism through
comparative lenses that de-emphasize its singularity.
My purpose is to depart from these debates and to help move the dis-
cussion on Zionism to a different level of inquiry. The current approaches
tend to impose a theoretical grid for the sake of ideological battles; they
resemble one another in that their underlying concern is the legitimacy
or illegitimacy of the Zionist movement and the Israeli state. As Benny
Morris notes, “If Israel, the refuge of a people who have been contin-
uously harassed, was born in a pure-hearted and honest way, then she
deserves grace, material assistance and political support. . . . If, on the
other hand, Israel was born tainted and disparaged because of a pri-
mal sin [the partial expulsion of Palestinians in 1948], then she is not
worthy of this assistance more than its neighbors.”18 Yet this debate,
important as it was and is, can also limit our understanding of Zionism:
When it dominates the scene, it becomes difficult to explore the deeper
political-philosophical dimension of Zionism, and to highlight its
distinctiveness.
Zionism, this study suggests, is a unique national movement: It
departed from its milieu in its intellectual boldness and belief in the
unqualified efficacy of human action, carrying then-novel notions of
time (such as the formlessness of history, the possibility of introducing
intentional breaks in time, and the spiritual marriage of distant periods)
to their logical conclusions and translating them into a revolutionary
practice. The study of time, I would argue, offers a broader and perhaps
more important perspective for understanding Zionism than the current
theories that have examined it primarily in the context of nationalism
and colonialism (or imperialism).

18
Benny Morris, Tikun ta’ut [Correcting a mistake] (Tel Aviv: Am Oved, 2000), p. 28 (in
Hebrew).
14 The Political Philosophy of Zionism

Zionism is also a movement that combined two contradictory

aspects of modernity: a project-like logic involving rational planning
and premeditated shaping of the future, as well as valorization of
ancient images and aesthetic existence. It is a movement, moreover, that
revived a language but downplayed its ontological significance, display-
ing skepticism toward any language-based construction of the world
(as exemplified by its distrustful attitude toward international law and
agreements, a distrust reinforced ever since the mutual violations of
the 1949 armistice agreements). These aspects of early Zionist political
philosophy profoundly shaped the movement’s enduring notions of col-
lective action, territory, and nation building, language, and democratic
ethos. If the past and present of Zionism are to be better understood, in
short, the current disciplines and theories that dominate the field must
be surmounted.
The first chapter of this study attempts to set the temporal stage in
which Zionism burgeoned. In order to explicate this context, it devel-
ops a theory of time in modernity that makes two fundamental claims:
firstly, that since the late eighteenth century we can distinguish among
three incompatible temporal imaginations, and, secondly, that these all
gained weight in modern culture (rather than superseding one another).
The three imaginations that this chapter examines are a) the present-
­centered, b) the teleological-progressive, and c) the semicyclical; in the
late nineteenth century, these imaginations achieved a kind of balance
of power in the modern’s consciousness. Of particular interest are the
teleological and semicyclical imaginations, since Zionism emerged
with the decline of the former and the rise of the latter. I examine the
­teleological imagination of the Enlightenment (which underlies the pro-
ject of Jewish emancipation in Europe and of the Haskala) through the
writings of Kant, for whom linear and uniform time legitimizes expec-
tations that the individual would heighten his or her universal attributes
and play a part in the constant expansion of a moral community. The
desired end of Kantian philosophy is the establishment of an integrated,
homogeneous human space, a cosmopolitan stage upon which history
is finally redeemed.
This vision of time began to ebb toward the end of the nineteenth cen-
tury and the fin de siècle; instead, writers such as Freud, Proust, and later
Benjamin underscored the semicyclical nature of time (all of these writ-
ers, perhaps not incidentally, were of Jewish origin). This temporal imag-
ination suggests that the progressive notion of time is dangerous, since it
 Introduction 15

generates forgetfulness and the inner impoverishment of the individual

and the community. Instead, these writers advance a fragmented concep-
tion of time, one that allows conversation between distant moments and
the grounding of identity in concrete images or events. This rather poetic
recovery of memory involves the openness of historical actors to the past;
it leads them to exhume and relive the distinct and exclusive memory of
their community – rather than to promote a universal and cosmopolitan
identity. Such a vision of time was a prerequisite for making the idea
of return to the Holy Land feasible, even necessary. On the one hand,
then, this chapter suggests that Zionism is comprehensible only within
the context of these two temporal imaginations; on the other hand, it
contends that because the movement demonstrates these imaginations’
changing standing in European consciousness, Zionism may help us to
reflect on modernity at a critical juncture. Indeed, my effort here and
elsewhere is both to anchor Zionism more fully in modern thought and
to make manifest this movement’s temporal boldness and singularity.
(This chapter could appeal, in particular, to readers interested in the
intellectual background of Zionism, the main focus being the European
notions of time.)
While the semicyclical temporal imagination played a critical role in
the formation of Zionism during the twentieth century, the role of this
imagination in Zionist politics remained unclear, at least until the end
of the Uganda debate (1906). Was Zionism a movement aimed at Jews’
survival – indifferent to the historic nature of the territory it settled – or
was it committed to a genuine national revival, to a restoration of the
triangle of people, ancient land, and the Hebrew language? The choice
was made, and with this choice a particular temporal imagination was
embraced. But prior to that choice, things were more ambiguous: The
end of the nineteenth century is characterized by the existence of numer-
ous temporal imaginations, a temporal predicament which allowed a
unique sense of formlessness and openness. This offered individuals a
chance to take history into their own hands, to choose their own vision
of time and history, so to speak.
The second chapter, therefore, examines the emergence of Zionism
in the context of a particular temporal ontology that could be termed
sundered history. By this I mean a picture of history as shapeless,
devoid of binding meta-narratives or underlying structure. Such a his-
torical moment is most often short: Communities often seek to ground
collective action in a certain temporal order, and the belief in formless
16 The Political Philosophy of Zionism

history is hard to bear. But while the hiatus lasts, there is a sense of
both concern and excitement in the air, concern that human reality is
intrinsically chaotic and uncertain, and excitement because precisely
in these circumstances everything is seen as possible and malleable.
This experience of temporal fluidity is epitomized by early Zionism
and helps to explain both its belligerent attitude toward existing real-
ity and its sense of urgency and insecurity. These themes (evident in
otherwise very diverse strands of Zionism) were not only essential for
the emergence of the movement but also became constitutive of its
political praxis.
The third chapter explores how the Zionist, revolutionary notion of
time was translated into practice and how it molded the spatial vista
of this movement. Space was vigorously formed because shapeless time
also carried a sense of potency and of a narrow opportunity to act in
finding solutions to the increasingly dire predicament of European Jews.
Early Zionists often felt, for good reason, desperate and powerless. Yet
in Zionism, the experience of sundered history was also turned into a
radical conception of collective action that (in terms of the imagination
at work) is nearly unfettered by external circumstances and that pictures
participants as constructing their own edifice in toto, from the founda-
tion up.
It is no accident that the Zionist project in Palestine was very often
conceptualized as the production of a concrete and massive object, as the
making of a national building (binyan leumi): More than any other arti-
fact, buildings convey not only the power of human beings but also their
ability to inaugurate (and complete) complex projects in time according
to their own design. The celebration of building as the Zionists’ prime
metaphor also conveys, of course, their desire to escape the rootless
diasporic predicament by generating tangible anchors of identity. Yet
by conceptualizing their collective project as a building and envisioning
themselves as builders, Zionists espoused a problematic understanding
of democratic politics, since the practical skills required by builders are
different from those required by citizens, and the nonverbal solidarity
among builders is essentially different from the solidarity required by a
plurality of citizens. In other words, the ethos of capable builders that
was essential for establishing a commonwealth from scratch is funda-
mentally at odds with the ethos required for an ongoing, democratic
polity. As Aristotelian republicanism suggests, a polity requires the val-
orization of language as the main sphere that forms and sustains the
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72497 Malet. C. St. L., p. 270, 38401 ; Sir E. St. L., 5th Bt., p. 270,
38403 : E. V. St. L., p. 270, 38407 ; E. W. St. L.. p. 270, 38406 ; H.
A. H., p. 271, 38411 ; Capt, H. C, p. 270, 38405 de Mai. lev. Emily,
Ctss., p. 473.' 103248 Manmorto, Coriina. Vctss. of, p. 520, 130579
59'
 3nt*tx Jlaiwl Mr-. II. ('., j,. i';;:i, 36603 Mansergh, ( ), p.
361, 59842 ; ( ), p. 361, 59843; ( ), p. 361, 59844 ; H K. F., p. 361,
59845 Mansfield, Annie E. M., Lady, p. 333. 55488 ; F. H.E.. p. 333,
55491 ; J. C, p. 333. 554911 ; Maj.-Gen. J. C. E., p. 333, 554S9 ; M.
M. B., p. 333, 55492 MaiL'.lls. Mrs. C. C, p. 176. 27140; D. L. C, p.
176, 27144; G. C, p. 176, 27142 ; J. T. C, p. 176, 27141 ; M. C. B.,
p. 176, 27146; M. G. L., p. 176, 27145 ManiniT, A. A., p. 561,
135438 ; Lieut, B. L., p. 561. 135436 ; Mrs. F., p. 561, 135435 ; G.
M. M., p. 260. 3S244 ; H. I., ). 561, 135437 3. M„ p. 158, Man-is.
16863 D. S., p. 158, 16853 E. H.. p. 157, 16843 E. H., p. 157, 16844
E. L., p. 15S, 16854 H. A., p. 158, 16861 H. E., p. 158, 16855 H. E.,
p. 158, 16857 H. W., p. 158, 16850 J. A., p. 158, 16858 L. P., p. 15S,
16851 M. I., p. 157, 16845 N. L., p. 158, 16852 R. W., p. 158, 16846
R, W., p. 158, 16849 AV. C, p. 158, 16848 W. H., p. 157, 16842 W. J.,
p. 158, 16856 Marsh. Col. H. C, p. 250, 37559 Marshall Rev. C. C., p.
102, 10215, 41391 ; C. C, p. 141, 16196 ; Mrs. E. E.. p. 406. 79679 ;
Mrs. E." L. M., p. 42, 101 ; G. H. L.. p. 102, 10212, 41388 ; Mrs H.
G. p. 141, 16195, H. S. p. 100, 10171, 41347 Lieut, J., p. 102.
10211, 41387 Lucy M.. Ladv, p. 102, 10209, 41385 ; M. A C. p. 141,
16197 : M H.. p. 102, 10216 41392 R.. p. 102 10213, 41389; K.. ]>
102, 10214, 41390 Maj. r. E„ p. 102 10210, 41386 Martin. A. M„ p.
364 59916 ('. A., p. 304 59914 Lieut.-Col. D N., p. 361, 59849 ; J M.
W p. 361, 59852 J. W. p. 361, 59851 R, M. p. 361, 59848 V., p. 361,
39850; W.,p 361, 59853 ; W. J. B. p. 364 59915 Martin-Edmunds, C.
E M. A., p. 255. 37941 Mail on. A. ('.. p. 104 10256, 10355, 41432
41531 A. E., p. 104, 10257, 10356, 41433, 41532 Hon. Mrs. C G.,p.
104, 10242, 10341, 41418, 41517; G. B. H., p. 104, 10246,10345,
41422, 41521 ; G. H. P., p. 104, 10243, 10342, 41419, 41518; G. M.,
p. 104, 10258, 10357, 41434, 41533 ; Lieut, L„ p. 104. 10248,
10347. 41424. 41523; Rev. L. E., p. 104. 10247. 10346, 41423,
41522 ; O. E. C., p. 104, 10245, 10344, 41421, 41520 ; Capt. R. O..
p. 104, 10244, 10343. 41420, 41519 Marwood, Lieut. A. H. L., p.
352, 59648 ; A. p. 93, 10011 ; ' Lieut! C. P. L., p. 352, E. M., p. 92,
E. M. L., p. 352, 59650 9993 ; L., p. 93. 10012 ; Hon. Mrs. P. C, p.
352, Mason, A. D. H., p. 145, 16417 ; A. I., p. 208. 29915 ; Mrs. A.
P.. p. 257. 37995 : A. S.. p. 145. 16413; Rev. C. A., p. 145, 16412 ;
Mrs. C. AV. S.. p. 335, 55556 ; E. A. P. M.. M.,p. 257, 37999; Rev.
F.W. R.,p. 145,16410; G. F., p. 145, 16414; H. F, p. 145, 16419; J. O.
L., p. 145, 16415 ; Mrs. L. A. H., p. 266, 38248 ; M. D., p. 208,
29916 ; Mrs. M. E„ p. 427, 80306, 80450 ; Mrs. O. L„ p. 208, 29914;
Capt, R. H. M., p. 257, 37996 ; R. L., p. 145, 16411 ; T. G. M., p. 257.
37997; V. S., p. 20S. 29917 ; W. A. M., p. 257, 38000 ; AV. K., p. 145,
16416 ; AV. R., p. 145, 16418 Massey, Mrs. E., p. 64, p. 477, 703
Massie, Mrs 103363 Massingberd-Mundy, Mrs. E. H., p. 531, 131286;
F., p. 531, 131287; J., p. 531, 131288 Massy, A., p. 364, 59935 ; H.
H., p. 364, 59932 ; J. W., p. 364, 59933 ; R. C, p. 364, 59934
Masterman. Mrs. L. B., p. 45, 196 Matchett, A. G, p. 62. 636; C. P. T..
p. 62, 638 ; E. S., p. 62, 639 ; Rev. J. T., p. 62, 637 ; Mrs. S. E.. p.
62, 635 Mather, Mrs. A. E. J., p. 70, 892, 57311 ; M. H., p. 70, 893,
57312; P., p. 70, 894, 57313 Mathias, Mrs. A., p. 420, 80146 ; D.
L'E., p. 420, 80127 ; G., p. 420, 80128; G., p. 420, 80130; G. E., p.
420, 80117; G. H. D„ p. 420, 80129 ; H., p. 420, 80119; J. A. D., p.
420, 80148 ; L. A., p. 420, 80147 ; Lieut.-Col. L. J., p. 420, 80115:
Mrs. L. S., p. 419, 80105 ; L. AV. H., p. 420. 80116; M. E., p. 420.
80131 ; P. G„ p. 420, 80118 Matthey, C. J., p. 551, 135137 ; G. C. H.,
p. 551, 135136 Maturin, Mrs. A. G. p. 237, 36891 Maude, Mrs. R,. p.
294, 39478 Maudslay, C. E., p. 223, 36306 ; Mrs. E. E., p. 223,
36365 ; Mrs. F., p. 485, 103462. 103546 ; G. AV.. p. 485. 103464,
103548 ; I. I., p. 223, 36369 ; M. E., p. 223, 36368; P. C, p. 485,
103463, 103547 ; R. V„ p. 223, 36367 ; V. S., p. 223,36370 Maudslv,
Mrs. V.. p. 466, 103031 Maugham, Mrs. H. AV., p. 126, 11593 Maule,
E. M. St. J., p. 281. 38849 ; Mrs. F. C, p. 281, 38846 ; H. N. St. J., p.
2S1. 3SS47 ; W. J., p. 281. 38848 Maunsell, Mrs. J., p. 357, 59775 ;
Mrs. R. H., p. 555, 135252 Maxwell, C. L., p. 229, 36507 ; C. L.. p.
340, 56047 ; Lieut. D., p. 340, 56048 ; Mrs. D. F., p. 340, 56045 ; I.
M., p. 229, 36506 ; J., p. 340, 56049 ; J. H., p. 340, 56051 ; K. I., p.
229, 36508; Mrs. M. E., p. 48, 265 ; M. E., p. 229, 36504 ; M. E., p.
340, 56050 ; R., p. 229, 36505; V., p. 340, 56052 ; AV. G., p. 229,
36502 ; AV. J., p. 229, 36503 ; Lieut. AV. J. H., p. 340, 56046 Mee, A.
R„ p. 319,42563 ; B. B., p. 568 (App.); Mrs. C. A., p. 319, 42561 ; C.
J., p. 568 (App.); W. T., p. 319, 42562 Meek, F. F. O'B., p. 370,
00134. 64338; Mrs. H. S. K., p. 370, 60132, 64336 ; J. AV., p. 370,
60133, 64337 Mellish, D. K„ p. 180, 27329 ; E. A., p. 180, 27328; J.
S., p. 180, 27326 ; P. B., p. 180, 27327 Melly, A. J. M.. p. 59, 529; D.
H., p. 59. 536 ; E. M„ p. 59, 532 ; F. E.. p. 59. 538 ; F. H., p. 59. 535
; G. H., p. 58, 526 ; H. M., p. 58, 527 ; H. P. E. M., p. 59, 528 ; J. M.,
p. 59, 531 ; M. E..p. 59, 537 ; M. M„ p. 59, 530 ; Mrs. S. E. M., p.
58, 525 ; S. H., p. 59, 534 ; AV. R-.P533 212 s, A. 30060 Mercer, E.
A. V., p. 351, 59632, 60231, 64435; Mrs. E. E., p. 351, 59631,
60230, 64434; O. M. N., p. 351, 59633, 60232, 64436 de Mercy-
Argenteau, Alix E. D., Ctss., p. 505, 129185 Merivale. A., p. 58, 520 ;
Mrs. E. P., p. 58, 519 ; H. C. p. 82, 9734; P., p. 58, 521 Merriman,
Mrs. L. M., p. 359, 59820, 95299 Metcalfe. A., p. 94. 10034 ; Mrs. A.,
p. 561, 135433 ; A. E. G„ p. 419, 80095 ; A. F., p. 429, 80464 ; Rev.
A. G., p. 419, 80094 ; A. G.. p. 419, 81)103; A. G„ 428, 80457 ; A H.,
91, 9958 ;
 3fntie;c 0. C p. 114, 10651, I 11096, 41827, 42157; Lieut.
A. H„ p. 114, 10655, 11100. 41831, j 42161 ; A. H. E., p. 114.
10661. 11106. I 41837, 42167 : Lieut. the Hon. C. H. M., p. 114.
10645. 11090, 30322, 41821, 42151 ; ] D. B., p. 114, 10658, 11103.
41834, 42164; Hon. D. M. P.. p. 114, 10648, 11093, 30325, 41824,
42154 ; Elizabeth A. C, Lady. p. 114, 10643, 11088, 41819, 42149 ;
Maj. E. C, p. 114, 10659, 11104, 41835. 42165; Hon. G. C.,p.ll4,
10649, 11094. 30326, 41825, 42155 ; G. H.. p. 114. 10656, 11101.
41832. 42162: H. C, p. 114. 10653, 11098, 41829, 42159; Capt. H.
J., p. 114, 10654. 11099. 41830, 42160; Hon. H. W., p. 114, 10647,
11092, 30324, 41823, 42153; O. V. C, p. 114, 10660, 11105. 41836.
42166; Lieut. Col. R. F., p. 114, 10650, 11095, 41826, 42156; S. D„
p. 114. 10657. 11102, 41833, 42163 ; Hon. V. E.,p. 114. 10646.
11091. 30323. 41822. 42152 Michael. Mrs. M. A. E., p. 196, 29060.
29141, 29331 ; M. D.. p. 196, 29061, 29142, 29332 Middleton, D.
M., p. 242, 37331 ; Mrs. L. C, p. 242, 37329 ; R. C. p. 242. 37330
Miers, Mrs. S. A., p. 87, 9848 Mi.'ville. A. D.. p. 416, j 80020 ; C. A.,
p. 416. C. E., p. 416, E. A., p. 416, E. C, p. 416, \ E. F., p. 416,
80018; G., p. 416, 80021 ; H. LeS„ p. 416, O. V.. p. 416, Sir W. F., p.
416. 80016 MilkinU. Mrs. H. A. D., p. 171. 17819; J. G. F., p. 171.
17821; M. V., p. 171, 17820 Mill. .ink.-, Elizabeth M., Lady, p.
61,5911, 17569; Maj. Sir J. P., 10th Bt., p. 61, 591, 17570; J. P. C, p.
61, 592, 17571 ; M. R., p. 61. 594, 17573 ; R. M., p. 61. 593. 17572
Mills. A. E.. p. 147. 16553, 79891 ; A. F. H.. p. 147. 16551, 79889;
Rev. B. R. V., p. 146. 16550, 79888 ; Col. D. A., p. 147, 16555, 79893
; D. R. P., p. 314, 42384, 42456 ; E. M., p. 146, 16544, 79882 ; F., p.
146. 16540, 79878 ; F., p. 146, 16549, 79887 ; G.H. M.. p. 314.
42383. 42455 ; G. R. A., p. 16552 H., p. SIIOM ; 80(117 ; SOIH3 ;
NIHll'.l ; XIIOI5 ; 0; H. V.. p. 146, 16541, 79879 ; Mrs. I. P., p. 314,
42382, 42454; I. L.p. 314, 42385, 42457; M. F., p. 146, 16542,
79880; P.. p. 146, 16543. 79881 ; V. E., p. 147, 10554. 79892
ilman.F., p. 353, 59682 ; 3, 59687 ; H. 353, 59686 ; Katherine G..
Lady, p. 353, 596S1 Lieut. L. C. P., p. 353. 59684; S. W., p. 353,
59685 ; V. G.. p. 353. 59688 ; W. E., p. 353, 59683 Milne. Mrs. M. L.,
p. 189, 28843 : E. M., p. 189, 28845 ; R. H. J., p. 189. 28844 Milne-
Home, C. A., p. 332, 55466 ; Mrs. M. P., p. 332. 55465 Minster, Mrs.
O., p. 448. 94729 Mirehouse, C. E., p. 454, 95100; G. S. E., p. 454.
95098 ; R. V. E., p. 454, 95099 ; Col. R. W. B„ p. 454, 95097 Mitton,
Mrs. A., p. 549, 135084; G. H. N.. p. 549. 135085 ; G. M. A., p. 549,
135086 ; M. E.. p. 549, 135088 ; P. M. N., p. 549. 135087 Moberlv,
Mrs. B. M., p. 370, '60144, 64348 ; B. W„ p. 370, 60145. 64349
Modlin,Mrs. C. A., p. 319. 42577 Monckton. Mrs. E. M., p. 69, 853,
57272 Moneypennv, Mrs. K. A., p. 194, 29005, 29086, 29276 Monk-
Bretton, 2nd B„ p. 513. 130342 ; Caroline F., Bnss.. p. 513, 130341
Molineux. Rev. A. E., p. 325. 43144 ; A. I., p. 325. 43145; A. R., p.
325, 43152; Rev. C. H., p. 325, 43142; C. H., p. 327, 43173 : D. E..
p. 325. 43150: E. M„ p. 325. 43146; F., p. 327, 43192 ; F. M. P.. p.
327, 43175 ; G. B., p. 327. 43171 ; Rev. G. E. F.. p. 327, 43170; G. F.,
p. 325, 43141 ; Lieut. (1. K., p. 325, 43148; G. W., p. 327, 43180:
H., p. 325, 43154; H. G. K., p. 325, 43149 ; Maj. H. P., p. 325.
43147; L. P.. p. 327. 43172 ; M. B., p. 327, 43176; M. C, p. 325,
43153; M. E. S„ p. 327, 43174 ; P. H., p. 325, 43143; W.F. P.. p. 327,
43169 ; W. P., p. 327, 43168 Molony, Capt. A. D., p. i 149, 16629 ; A.
H., p. 148, 16582 ; A. W., p. 148, 16585 ; 148, 16600 ; Maj. F. L. S.,
M. E., M., r. M. S.. M. V., N., J C. V.. p. 148, 16603 ; D. K., p. 148.
16587 ; E. A., p. 148. 10578 ; E. F., p. 148, 16586 ; E. P.. p. 149,
16623 ; F. A., p. 148. 16579; p. 148, Rev. H. J., p. 148, 16589 ; H. J.
C, p. 149, 16627 ; I., p. 147. 16577 ; .1. A., p. 147, 16563 ; J. C. p.
149. 16U28 ; J. R. H., p. 148, 16593 ; J. R. P., p. 149, 16625 ; K. G..
p. 149. 16632; L. E., p. 148. 10583 ; p. 148. 16581 ; p. 148. 16588;
149, 16626 ; p. 14S. 16590 ; p. 148, 16595 ; 148. 16601 ; 148,
16602 ; P. W", p. 149. 16630 ; R. H., p. 148, 16596 ; Maj. T. C. W.,
p. 148, 1659S; T. J., p. 148, 16594 ; T. St. P., p. 14S, 16599 ; Capt.
W. B., p. 147, 16556 Monson, Augusta L. C Bnss., p. 333. 55493 de
Montalembert d'Esse, 2ndM.,p. 505. 129174; A., p. 505, 129179 ; G,
p. 505. 129183 ; J., p. 505, 129176; J„ p. 505, 129177 ; L., p. 505,
129180 ; Marie M„ Mchss., p. 505, 129173 ; M. M., p. 505, 129182 ;
N., p. 505, 129181 ; Ct. R.. p. 505, 129175; X., p. 505, 129178
Monteith. Mrs. E.. p. 509, 129247 Montgomery, Mrs. A. S. E., p. 329,
43208 : E. C. p. 237, 36904 ; Mrs. F.. p. 477. 103361 ; G. L. J., p.
237, 36905 ; Mrs. M. H. G, p. 107, 10313. 414S9 Moor, Rev. C. p.
195, 2901 1,29092, 29282 ; C. p. 195, 29012, 29093, 29283 ; F.. p.
195, 29013, 29094. 292S4 ; Mrs. F. D.. p. 194, 29010. 29091, 29281
; O., p 29095. 195, 29017, 29098, Moore, C. H. A., p. 353, 59678; C.
L. G.. p. 483. 103423 ; C. M., p. 291. 39135; E. L., p. 483. 103426 ;
Mrs. F. M., p. 374. 60236, 64440 ; G. E., p. 353, 59674 : G. H.. p.
483. 103424 ; Mrs. L., p. 483, 103422 ; L. G„ p. 483, 103425 ; Mrs.
L. P.St.L..p. 492. 128182; R. A., p. 353. 59677 ; Lieut. R. K„ p. 353.
59670 Moray. 17th E. of. p. 189, 2SS34 ; Edith D., Ctss. of. p. 190,
28867 Monlaunt ( ). p. 201, 29643. 79895 ; C, p. 201. 29647.
79899; F. L,,p.201, 29644,79896; H„ p. 201. 29046, 79898 ; H. I., p.
201, 29650. 79902 ; J., p. 201. 29645, 79897 ; Lieut. -Col. J. S.. p.
201, 29642, 79894 : K., p. 201. 29651, 79903; M., p. 201, 29649,
79901 ; P. M., p. 201. 29648, 79900 p. 360. 59824 Moreton, Hon.
Mrs. G. H., p. 527, 131235 Morgan. Mrs. A. C. p. 415. 80008 ; J., p.
415, 80009 : Mrs. M.. p. 393. 72029: S.. p. 415. 80010 Morgan-
Owen, Mrs. M. S.. p. 86, 9820. 9S78 Morland, Hon. Mrs. A. C, p.
329, 43214 Morlev, C. W., p. 550, 135128 ; D. C, p. 550, 135129 ;
Mrs. M. I., p. 550, 135127 ; V. I., p. 550, 135130 Morison, A. E. F., p
231, 36551 ; I. G., p. 231, 36552 ; Mrs. J. F., p. 231, 36550 Morris,
A. R„ p. 201, 29662; C. A. S., p. L., p. 202. 29698 ; C. S., p. 202,
29679; D. E., p. 201, 29657 ; D. E. S., p. 202. 29GS2 ; Maj. F.. p.
202, 29697 ; F. H., p. 202, 29691 ; G. C, p. 201, 29661 ; Lieut. G. L„
p. 202, 29684 ; H., p. 201, 29663 ; H., p. 201, 29665 : Lieut.-Col. J.,
p. 201, 29659; J. B., p. 201, 29664 ; J. H. A. B., p. 201. 29660 ; J. T.,
p. 201. 29654; K. D., p. 201, 29666; L. G., p. 201, 29655; L. G., p.
203, 29701 ; L. M.. p. 202, 29683; M., p. 202, 29688; M. D., p. 370,
60141, 64345 ; M. E., p. 202, 29686 ; Mrs. M. M., p. 185, 28570,
103410; M. T., p. 202, 29681 ; N.,p. 202, 29687 : Mrs. O. B„ p. 370,
60138, 64342 ; P. B., p. 202, 29699 : Sir R. A., 4th Bt., p. 201, 29652
; R. B„ p. 202, 29690 ; R. H., p. 202, 29696 ; R. T.. p. 202, 29078; S.
R., p. 201, 29658 ; T. B., p. 202. 296S9 ; T. R. A., p. 201, 29653; V.
E., p. 201, 29656 ; 148. 16597 : C. E. G., ! Morant, J. H. E.. 149,
286, 3S967 ; F. G., >, 370, 60139 64343 ; " W. G., p 370, 60140,
64344 Morrison, F. B., p. 118 593
 3fntie;c II 48 I 10757 ; H. O. E., p. 118. 10755; J. W. S., p.
118, 10754; Mrs. L. E.. p. 118, 10751 ; M. J., p. 118, 10753; R. J.
M.. p. 118, 10752 ; R. S. M.. p. 118, 10756 Morritt. C. G., p. 311,
42320; F. C, p. 311, 42321 ; Lieut. H. E., p. 311, 42319; H. M., p.
311, 42322 ; L. B., p. 311, 42323 Mosley, A. E., p. 106, 10300.
41476 ; Maj. A. R., p. 100, 10298, 41474; Maj. G., p. 106, 10299,
41475; J. A. M., p. 106. 10305, M. I., p. 106, 41479; S. G. 106,
10304, r. j 10302, 41478 p. 106, 10301, 41477 M. mm garret,
Robinia M.. Vctss., p. 143, 16301 Mundy. Mrs. G. H.. p. 365, 59954
Murray, A. J. P., p. 543, 134871 ; C. A., p. 543, 134869; C. F., p. 66,
756, 57175; Lieut. C. J., p. 543. 134S72 ; E.. p. 187. 28660, 28823;
E. J„ p. 187, 28657, 2S820: E. L.. p. 543. 134S7S ; E. M., p. 156,
16807; F.. p. 187, 2S659. 2SS22 : Col. F. J.G.,p. 543. 134870; G. E.,
p. 524. 130803 ; Mrs. G. H., p. 187, 28653, 28816; H.. p. 187,
28661, 28824; J. M.. p. 156, 16805 ; M. G, p. 524, 130802 ; M. E„ p.
156. 16S06 ; M. E., p. 187, 28655, 2S81S ; M. G., p. 187, 28658.
28821 ; M., p. 524. 130S04: Capt. the Hon. R. T. G., p. 524. 130801
; R. \V.. p. 543. 134S70; V., p. 187, 28656, 28819 ; W., p. 187.
28654, 28817 Mint on. E.. p. 245, 37428; Mrs. F., p. 245. 37426 ; N.,
p. 245. 37427 MiHLiave. A. F., p. 217, 30313; C. p. 199. 29576 ; G.
p. 217, 30306 ; C. B., p. 217, 30314; E. H.. p. 217, 30309 ; E. M., p.
217. 30307 ; G. A., p. 217, 30310; H. A. F., p. 217, 30311 ; H. E.. p.
216, 30305 ; N. G, p. 199, 29575 ; Lieut, P. G, p. 217. 30308; Lieut,
P. R., p. 199. 29577 ; Sir R. G.. 12th Bt„ p. 199, 29574; R. R., p. 217,
30312; T. G, p. 199, 29578 Nash, G. G. p. 214, 30105 ; Mrs. M., p.
214, 30103 ; M. E. E. V., p. 214. 30106; T. S., p. 214, 30104 Ntivlor,
Mrs. ( ), p. 57, 485; M., p. 157, 10832 Neave, D. F., p. 276, 1 38673 ;
E. A., p. 276, 38670 ; E. H., p. 276, 38676 ; Mrs. E. J., p. 276, 38669
; E. L. S., p. 276, 38675 ; G. M., p. 276, 38672 ; G. V., p. 276, 38671
; H. A.. ! p. 276, 38674 Neville, Mrs. F., p. 393, 72027 N -wcombe, A.
P. L., p. 387, 71761 ; H. V. M. L., p. 387, 71702 ; Mrs. M. B. M. L., p.
387, 71760 Newenha-n. Rev. A. O'B., p. 372, 60182. G4386 ; Norris,
Mrs. E. M.. p. 362. 59881 North. Lord, p. 285, 38956; Charlotte M.,
Dow.-Ladv. p. 285, 38954 ; Lieut, D. J., p. 285. 38959 ; H. G. M., p.
285, 38960 ; Hon. J. M.. p. 285, 3S957 ; Lady M. E., p. 285, 38958;
R,. p. 285, Northcote. Lady E. M., p. 114. 10665, 11110, 41841,
42171 ; Lady R. L., p. 114. 10GG4, 41840. 42170 372, 6017G,
Northey, Capt. A. ('.. p. 04380 60180, 64384 ; "F. A. J.,p. 372,
60178, 04382; F. G., p. 372, 60181, 64385; G.A.B.,p. 372, G01S3,
64387 ; I. A., p. 372. 60184, 043S8 ; R. O'B., p. 372, 60179, 64383 ;
W. E. B., p. 372. 60177. 64381 549. 135076 ; A. G, 549. 135096; A.
H. K. p. 548, 135070 ; G B. p. 549. 135078 ; E., p 548, 135072 ;
Rev. E. 3X102 ; 3S405 ; 38475 : 38470 ; 38471 ; W.. 548, 11558;
Mrs p. 124. 11556; K. R„ p. 124, 11557; M. P., p. 124. 11559
Newman, E., p. 246. 37451 ; Mrs. G. A., p. 497, 128287: Capt. .i. R.
B.. p. 496, 128279; Capt, R. G. O., p. 496, 128280 Newton, A. E.. p.
163, G. E., p. 548, 135068 ; Lieut, G. E. A., p. 548, 135069 ; Capt,
H. H.. p. 548. 135073 ; H. W. H., p. 548, 135074; M. L.. p. 549.
135083 ; P. A. 0.. p. 549. 135077; P. W.. p. 548, 135075; R.. p. 549.
135079 Northtnore, G., 51, 349, 378; J., p. 51. 353, 3S2 : J.. ]>. 52,
354, 383 ; J. M., p. 52, 356. 3S5 ; J. G. L., p. 52, 355. 384; T. W.. p.
51, 347, 376 ; T. W. W., p. 51, 348. 377 162, Northumberland, 7th D.
of, p. 67, 757, 57176 Nowell-TJsticke C. de V., p. 101, 10198, 41374;
G M., p. 101, 10197, 41373; C. S., p. 101, 10195, 41371 ; G. W., p.
101, 10194, 41370; Mrs. J., p. 101. 10182, 41358; M. S., p. 101,
10192, 41368; P. E.,p. 101, 10191, 10184; 41360. 41367 ; Capt, R,
M., p.lOl.lOlS'.l, (1305; R. S., p. 101, 10190, 10183. 41359. 41366;
R. S., p. 101. 10196, 41372; W. G. S., p. 101, 10193, 41369
Nunburnholme, Marjorie C. Buss., p. 174. 27069 Oakes, E. A. M.. p.
270. 38408 ; Mrs. E. St. L., p. 270. 38408 ; M. J., p. 270, 38410
O'Connor, Mrs. J. M., p. Nicholson, Mrs. A. M., p. 567 (App.) 528,
131258 . Oddin-Taylor, Mrs. M. O., 17075: B. E. P102. 17081 ; D. F.
P162, 17078; E. M. P163, 17084 ; F. J., P163, 17087 ; G. F., P162,
17080 ; Mr. • P 162, 17074; L. H. P163, 17085; M. G. P162, 17077;
M. T. P163, 17096 : R P162, 17076 ; R P163, 17094 ; W. "l. P162,
17079 Nieholetts. Mrs. E. F.. p. 108. 10371. 41547 ; G. E.,p. IDS,
11137. .41548; N. J., P108 10373, 41549 NichoU, Mrs. E D • P472,
11)320.-. ; G. M., p. 472 103208: Mrs. J. M.. p. 476, 103338: J. W. H
J472, 103206 ; O. E. P472, 103209 ; R C. P472, 103210 ; R I. P472,
103207 Nimo, D., p. 357, 59767 ; K.. p. 357. 59766 ; VY. P., p. 357,
59765 Nixon, J. O., p. 568 (App.); Mrs. L. E.. p. 319, 42575 ; R. O.,
p. 568 (App.) Noi'lmrv, C. P., p. 261, 3S096 ; Lucy H. K., [ Ctss. of, p.
332, 55459 ; Mrs. R. A. A., p. 261, Norman. Mrs. A. H.,' p. 509,
129241 van Norman, Mrs. E., p. 88, 9886 116. 10708. 11153,
"37634. 418S4. 42214 O'Donovan, M.. p. 52, 360. 389 : N. K.. p. 52,
359, 38S ; Mrs. O., p. 52, 357, 386 ; T., p. 52, 358, 387 Ogilby. A. G.
p. 237, 36908 ; B. E. E., p. 237, 36910; E. S.. p. 237, 36912 ; I. C, p.
237, 36909; J. D.. p. 237, 36907 ; L., p. 237, 36911 ; Mrs. E. F.. p.
148, 16591 Ogle, A. C, p. 43, 107; I B. G. p. 43, 106 ; H. M., p. 43,
105 : J. F. C, p. 43, 104 ; N. C, p. 43, 103 Okeover. Hon. Mrs. E. A.,
p. 544. 134903 ; H. G, p. 548, 135040; Capt. H. E., p. 544, 134904,
135041 ; M. A., 1 p. 544, 134905, 135H42 ; V. A., p. 544, 134918,
135055 Oldtield, H., p. 340, 56054 ; Mrs. M. D., p. 340, 56053
Olivier. A. C. S., p. 272, 38464 ; A. E„, p. 272, A. F., p. 272, E. M.. p.
272, E. M.. p. 272, G. E., p. 272, Rev. H. E., p. 272, 38460; J. E., p.
272, 38469 ; J. G., p. 272, 38461 ; L. R., p. 272, 38470 ; M. J., p.
272. 38463 ; R. E., p. 272, 38472 ; Capt, R. H.. p. 272, 3S473 ; R. H.
D., p. 272, 38467 ; S. J., p. 272. 38468 ; Comm. S. R., p. 272,
38466. Oram. E. M., p. 317, 42514; G. M., p. 317, 42513 ; Rev. R. A.,
p. 317. 42512 O'Reilly. E. P.. p. 246, 37457 ; Mrs. E. S. D., p. 246,
37456 ; L. H., p. 247, 37458 Oriel. ar. G K„ p. 243, 37371; C. M., p.
243, 37366 : D. E., p. 243, 37367 ; F. H., p. 243, 37373 : H„ p. 243,
37372 ; Rev. H. A., p. 243. 37364 ; J. A. A., p. 243. 37369 ; Rev. J.
E., p. 243. 37368; M. E. M., p. 243, 37370; R. G, p. 243, 37365
Orpen. D. E. P., p. 116, 10705, 11150, 37631, 41881, 42211; Mrs. R,
G.p. 116. 10704, 11149, 37630, 41880, 42210 Orton, A., p. 319,
42560; A., p. 568 (App.); B., p. 319. 42559; C, p. 567 (App.); E. J.,
p. 568 (App.); E. L., p. 319, 42557; H., p. 319, 42558 ; I. J., p. 318,
42550; K., p. 319, 42554; K., p. 319, 42556; M., p. 319, 42551 ; M.
M., p. 319, 42553 ; N. G, p. 567 (App.) ; R., p. 318, 42549 ; (App.)
42552 ; 42555 Osborne, F. D'A. G., p. 282, 38873; Mrs. M. D., p.
282, 38872 ; M. G„ p. 282. 38875 ; S. H. G., p. 282, 38874 O'Shee (
), p. 542, 134833 ; A. A., p. 542, 134838 ; C, p. 542, 134790.
134836 ; Lady E.C.K., p. 542, 134788; G., p. 542, 134837 ; Lady G.I.
A. M., p. 542, R. H.. p. 319, 594
 3inbtx 134830 ; Capt. G. I. P. P., p. 542, 134834 ; J. M. P..
p. 542, 134X32; P.I. R., p. 542, 134789, 134835 ; Maj. R. A. P., p.
542, 134831 Oswald, A., p. 565, J35512 ; Mrs. M. E., p. 565, 135507
; Lieut. N. W., p. 565, 135510 ; Maj. O. C. W., p. 565, 135508 ; P. E.
I. E. W., p. 565, 135509 Oswell, Mrs. M., p. 417, 80041 Otway, P. E.,
p. 448, 94728 Ovans, Mrs. C. C, p. 459, 95402 ; D. L., p. 459, 95404
; G. H., p. 459, 95405 ; J. M., p. 459, 95403 ; J. R., p. 459, 95406 ;
K. M., p. 459, 95407 Owen, Mrs. C. A., p. 400, 77849, 79358 Oyles,
Mrs. I., p. 371. 60155, 64359 Pack-Beresfobd, A. L., p. 348, 59551 ;
A. R., p. 347, 59547 ; Maj. C. G., p. 347, 59542 :D. J., p. 347, 59544
; D. R., p. 347, 59541; E. H., p. 348, 59550 ; Capt. H. J., p. 347,
59543 ; H. de la P., p. 348, 59549; J. A., p. 347, 59548 ; R. J., p.
347, 59546 ; T. A., p. 347, 59545 79656; G. F., p. 514, 130378 ; S.
A., p. 405, 79660 Paget, A. S., p. 129, 12177, 81010; Muriel E. V.,
Lady, p. 129, 12174, 81007 ; Mrs. F„ p. 110, 10479. 41655 ; F. M. E..
p. 110, 10483. 41659 ; Mrs. G. M., p. 337, 55956 ; P. \\\. p. 129,
12176, 81009; S. M., p. 129, 12175, Pain, Mrs. A. 22.-,. 36392 ; A.
B. 260. 3SM0S; C. M. 260. 3SIP65; H M. 260, 38(107 : .1. (!., 260,
38(11.1 ; M H. P 260, Paine, Mrs. G. C, p. 273, 38483 Pakenham, C.
S., p. 375, 60261, 64465 ; F. E. S., p. 375, 60256, 64460; F. H. G., p.
375, 60258, 64462 ; H. R., p. 375, 60260. 64464 ; I. C, p. 375,
60255, 64459 ; M. C. S., p. 375, 60257. 64461 ; R. S., p. 375, 60259,
64463 ; W. H. V., p. 375, 60254. 64458 ; Lieut.Col. W. W. V., p. 375,
60253, 64457 vanPallandt.Bn.A.L.A., p. 378, 64093, 64106. 64118;
Bnss. A. W., p. 379, 64126 ; Bnss. A. W. C, p. 379. 64117 ; Bnss. A.
W. C. W., p. 378, 64097, 64110. 64122; Bnss. C. E. L., p. 378,
64091. 64104 ; Bnss. C. L. W., p. 379. 64123; Bn. E. J.,p. 378,
64(194, 64107, 64119; Bn. E. J., p. 379, 64111 ; Bn. F. J., p. 379,
64112 W., 378, 64099 ; Bn. H. H. A., p. 378, 64088, 64101 ; ■ Bnss.
H. J. A., p. 378, 64096, 64109, 64121 ; Bnss. H. S. C, p. 378. 64090.
64103 ; Bn. K. VV., p. 378. 64095, 64108, 64120; Bn. R. J. C, p. 378.
64087, 64100 ; Bn. W. F. T., p. 378. 64089. 64102 ; Bn. W. K.. p.
378, 64092, 64105 Palliser( ), p. 75.9382; F., p. 75, 9384; Rev. M., p.
75, 9383 Palmer, Mrs. D. G., p. 65, 726; Mrs. E., p. 190. 28862 ; F.
R., p. 65, 729 ; G., p. 65, 727 ; G. D., p. 190, 28863 ; Maj. H. D.. p.
190. H. M., p. 65, 65, 728; R. H 730 Palmer-Douglas, A., p. 190,
28856 ; Mrs. M., p. 190, 28855 Palmer-Morewood, Mrs. P. M.. p.
335. 55554; R. C. A., p. 335, 55555 Palmes, B. W., p. 96, 10079 ; E.
W. E., p. 96. 10078 ; Mrs. G. R„ p. 96, 10076 ; G. St. M., p. 96,
10077 ; J. M. G., p. 96, 10082 Tark, Mrs. A. E., p. 272, 38439 ; F. I.
A., p. 272, 38440 Parke, A. F. \V„ p. 88, 9891 ; A. L., p. 88, 9883 ; C,
p. 8S, 9SS4 ; E., p. 88, 9882 ; E. R.. p. 88, 9890 ; F., p. 88, 9885; G.,
p. 88, 9888 ; G. M., p. S8, 9893 ; G. M., p. 88, 9894 ; L., p. 88, 9887
; R, P. W., p. 88, 9892; W., p. 88. 9889 Tarker, A. H., p. 274. 38510;
Mrs. C, p. 57, 483; D. B. H., p. 273, 38498 ; Capt. E. H., p. 273,
38495 ; F. L., p. 274, 38527; H. H., p. 273, 38493 ; J. B., p. 273,
38499; L. H., p. 273, 38496 ; Mrs. M., p. 205. 29757 ; M. H., p. 273,
38497 ; M. S. H., p. 273, 38494; S. H., p. 274. 38509 ; Rev. Sir W.
H., 10th Bt.. p. 273. 38491 ; W. S. H., p. 273, 38492 Parry, E. J. G.,
p. 166, M. D. 166. 17599 Parry-Crooke, C. P., 450, 94979 ; D. J. 450,
94977 ; Mrs. PPG. I 595 H., p. 450, 94976 ; L. VV„ p. 450, 94978
Partridge, Mrs. I-:. M.. p. 81. 972S Paul. C. S. T.. p. 546. 134979: E.
K. M., p. p. 546, 134977 ; H. \Y. M., p. 546, 134976 ; J. S. M., p.
546. 134980 ; Mrs. K. H., p. 540, 134975 Paulet, Joan F. M„ Lady, p.
467, 103066 Payne, E. E., p. 302, 598S5; J. C. W., p. 362, 59884 ; M.
\V„ p. 362, 59886 ; Capt. R. L., p. 362, 59883 ; S. H., p. 362, 59882
Pearce-Serocold, ( ), p. 241,37301 ; Mrs. B. L., p. 241. 37300 Peard,
Mrs. A.W., p. 493, 128193 ; E. St. H.. p. 493, 128194: L. L„ p. 493,
128205 ; P. G., p. 493, 128195 Pearson, Mrs. I., p. 424, S0219.
80363 ; Mrs. M. G., p. 102, 10201,41377 Pease, D. V.. p. 347, 59535
; L. M., p. 347, 59536 ; Mrs. L. V., p. 347. 59534 ; O. M. C, p. 347,
59537 Peirse-Duncoinbe, Mrs. A. G.. p. 312, 42324 ; C. S., p. 312,
42325; E. S., p. 312, 42327 ; E. S., p. 312, 42329 S., p. 312, 42328
S., p. 312, 42326 S., p. 312, 42336 Pell, A. L. A., p. 127, 11616; B.
K., p. 127, 11617 ; Mrs. C. M., p. 127, 11615 le Pelley, A. M., p. ISO.
27309'; C. M., p. 180, 27307 ; E. B., p. 180, 27305 ; E. C, p. 180,
27306 ; Mrs. F„ p. 180, 27304 ; F. E., p. 180, 27308 Pelly, A., p. 551,
135142 ; Maj. C. H. R., p. 551, 135134 ; Mrs. L. C. E., p. 550,
135133 Pemberton, C. L., p. 95, 10059; C. L., p. 110, 10459, 41635 ;
D. L„ p. 110, 10463. 41639; E. M., p. 100, 10165, 41341 ; G. L., p.
110, 10462, 41638; H. L., p. 110, 10461, 41637 ; J. S. G., p. 100,
10162, 41338 ; L. P., p. 100, 10169, 41345; M.A. S., p. 95. 10058 ;
Mrs. M. E.,p. 110, 10458.41634; M. L., p. 100, 10168, 41344; N. L..
p. 110, 10460. 41636 ; X. P.. p. 100, 10164, 41340; Mrs. R., p. 95,
10057 ; R. H., p. 100, 10166, 41342 ; R. L. S., p. 100, 10163, 10220.
41339, 41396 Pennefather. A., p. 353, 59695 ; A. L.. p. 354, 59701 ;
C, p. 356, 59764; C, p. 356, W. 59763 ; C, p. 350. 59758 ; C. E. de
F., p. 356. 59750 ; D. F.. p. 353, 59692 ; De F., p. 356, 59760 ; E., p.
356, 59759 ; " 59761 ; 59762 ; 59700 ; 5(1755 ; 59757 ; 59768 ; i.
L., p. apt. G. F.. p. 350, i. L„ p. 354, J., p. 356, J., p. 356, J., p. 357,
M.. p. 353, 59694 ; M. E., p. 354, 59699 ; M. E. de M., p. 360. 59S25
; R., p. 353. 59693 : R., p. 354, 59697 ; R. D., p. 354, 50702 ; Rev'.'
W. do M.', p. 360, 59S22 ; \V. V., p. 354, 59696 Pennv. A., p. 468,
103115; Capt. A. T., p. 468, 103114 I'eiiilivn, Gertrude J.. Lady, p.
44, 152 Pepvs. Mrs. A., p. 509, 129242 ; Capt. A. G. L., p 509.
129243 ; C. 509, 129245 ; L., p. 509, 129244; G. M. L., p. 509,
129246 Perceval, Mrs. E. M. B., p. 133. 15986 ; Mrs. H. M. M., p.
426, 80282, S0426 ; M. G, p. 133, 15988; R. J., p. 133, 15987 Percy.
Ear!, p. 67, 758, 57177 ; Capt. Lord A. I., p. 67, 759, 57178 ; Lord A.
M. A., p. 67, 767, 57186 ; Lieut. A. VY„ p. 67, 76S, 57187 ; G. p. 69,
871, 960, 57290, 57378 : Ladv E. 57285 ; E. J., p. 70, 891, 57310;
Lord E. S.C., p. 67, 761, 57180; Lieut. -Col. G. A., p. 67, 772, 57191 ;
Mrs. G. A., p. 70. 956. 57375 ; H., p. 69, 864. 572S3 ; H. E., p. 69,
868, 957, 57287, 57375 ; Capt. J. H. P., p. 69. 867, 572S0 ; J. R., p.
69. 869, 958, 57288, 57376 ; Ladv M., p. 67, 763, 571S2 ; Lady M.,
p. 67, 765. 57184; M., p. 69, 865, 57284 ; M., p. 69, 870, 959,
57289, 57377 ; Ladv M. E. N., p. 67, 766." 571S5 ; Lord W. R.. p. 67,
760, 57179 ; Lady V. A., p. 67. 764, 57183 Perkins, Mrs. G. E.. p.
519, 130561 Perret, Mrs. ( ), p. 3S8, 71787 Perrott, Mrs. E. M.. p.
360, 59841 Perrv, A. S. R.. p. 123, 11522 : Rev. C. R„ p. 123. 11521;
Mrs. E. B., p. 123, 11520; E. J.St. C, p. 123. 11523; W. E. V., p. 123.
11524 Peyton, Mrs. M. L., p. 525, 13(1990 ; R. L.. p. 525, 130997
 3Jntie;c Philips, B. P., p. 517, 130439, 130519 ; E. M„ p.
517, 131)440, 130520 ; Mrs. F. M„ p. 517, 130438. 130518 Phelps,
Mrs. A. S., p. 362, 39861 ; H. D., p. 529, 131273; Sub-Lieut. H. D., p.
529. 131275; H. G. H., p. 529, 131272 ; Rev. L. R., p. 529, 131276;
V. L., p. 529, 131274 Pliilipps, Mrs. A. E. E. G., p. 456, 95320 ; E. j J.
T„ p. 462, 95479 ; Mrs. I. F., p. 315, 42413 ; Mrs. M. L. E., p. 462,
95478 Philips. A. A., p. 104, i 10238, 10254. 10337, 10353, 41414,
41430, 41513, 41529; Lieut.H., p. 104, 10336, 41413, 41512 ; B. M.,
p. 104, 10241, 10340, 41417, 41516; J. A., p. 104, I 10239, 10338,
41415, 41514; Mrs. L. M.. p. 104, 10253, 10352, 41429, 41528
10237. F., Phillimore, Mrs, 513, 130337 453, 95062; G., 454, 95090;
B. L. A., p. 454, 95089 ; C. A., p. 453. 950S2 ; C. M., p. 453, 95073 ;
C. M. L„ p. 453, 95086 ; Rev. E. G., p. 454, 9508S ; E. G. B., p. 452,
95056 ; G. A., p. 543, 95072 ; G. G., p. 453, 95078 ; G. W., p. 453,
95061 ; H. A. G., p. 453, 95079 ; H. M. M., p. 453, 95081 ; J. G.. p.
452, 95057 ; J. G., p. 453, 95077 ; J. M. F., p. 453, 95085 ; J. S., p.
453, 95084 ; L., p. 453, 95074 ; M., p. 452, 95058 ; M. A., p. 453,
95080 ; R. A., p. 453, 95076 ; R. C, p. 453, 95060 ; Capt. R. F., p.
453, 95075 ; S. H., p. 453, 95003 ; V. A. V., p. 453, 95083 ; Coram.
V. E. B.. p. 454, 95087 ; Sir W. G. F., 2nd Bt., p. 453, 95059 Phillip.
Mrs. M. L., p. 237, 36892 Phillips. G. O'B., p. 370, 60129. 64333 :
Mrs. J., p. 370. 60128, 64332 ; Hon. Mrs. M., p. 544, 13490C,
135043 ; M. O'B., p. 370. 60130, 64334 Pieton-Jones, E. D., p. 451,
95021 ; Mrs. L., p. 451, 95020 Picton-Warlow, Mrs. H. C, p. 457,
95333 ; J. F., p. 457, 95334; R. W., p. 457. 95335 Pigott, B.,p. 467,
103071 ; Mrs. F. A., p. 467, 103070 ; F. A. G, p. 467, 103072 ; G. W„
p. 467, 103069 ; Capt. \V. G., p. 467, 103O6S Pilkington, Mrs. E. F.,
p. 389, 71811 ; E. M„ p. 389, 71813; U. W., p. 389, 71812 Pillans, D.
C. p. 257 38011 ; E. K., p. 257 38013 ; Mrs. E. K. G. p. 257, 38009;
R., p. 257, 38010 de Pimodan, Ctss. G. D. A. F. M„ p. 505, 129186
Pine-Coffin, E. C, p. 240, 37245 ; G. B., p. 240, 37247 ; G. M„ p.
240, 37248 ; Mrs. L. G. D., p. 239. 37244; R. G., p. 240, 37246
Pinnoy, Mrs. C. H., p. 537, 131696 Pinwill. Mrs. A. E., p 419,80113
Pipon, E. A., p. 523, 130786 ; G. M., p. 523. 130787 ; Mrs. L. A., p.
523, 130777 Piatt, Mrs. A. B., p. 102, 10217, 41393 ; Mrs. C. Le G.,
p. 306, 40334 ; E. G., p. 102, 10219, 41395; L. S., p. 102. 10218,
41394 Plestow, C. J. B., p. 217 30315 Plumer, Mrs. E. A. M., p. 389,
71828 Pochin, E. C. p. 475, 103306 ; E. G., p. 475, 103307 ; F. W. B.,
p. 475, 103305 Polignano, 6th D. of, p. 91, 9973 Pollard, Capt. A. E.
St. V., p. 226, 36417 ; A. R, E., p. 226, 36416 ; G. E., p. 226, 36421 ;
H. H. W., p. 226, 36415 ; Maj. J. H. W., p. 226, 36414 ; L. C, p. 226.
36419; R. E., p. 226, 36418 ; S. F., p. 226, 36420 Pollard -Urquhart,
Rev. A. deC. B., p. 229, 36510; A. L., p. 229, 36514 ; Lieut.-Col. F. E.
R., p. 229, 36509; L. A. M. H., p. 230, 36516; M. A., p. 229, 36512 ;
Lieut. M. B.. p. 229, 36511 ; W. E., p. 229 36513 Pollock, A. M. S., p.
320, 42607, 42650; A. W. S., p. 320, 42606, 42649; D. V.C.,p. 551,
135154; Mrs. E. M., p. 320, 42604. 42647 ; E. R. S.,p. 320. 42605,
4264S; F. A., p. 551, 135152 ; J. L., p. 551, 135153 ; Mrs. L. F., p.
551, 135151 Pomeroy. Capt. the Hon. E. A. G., p. 108. 10321, 41497
; Capt. the Hon. R. L„ p. 108, 10322, 41498; H. R. M., p. 108.
10323, 41499 Port, F. D. M., p. 468, 103113; F. G. R., p. 468,
103112; G. B. M., p. 468, 103111 Portal-Turner, Mrs. C. G„ p. 156,
16808 Portland, 6th D. of, p. 226, 36410 463, Portraan, Mrs. 95507
Post, C. A., p. 282, 38866; Mrs. G. M., p. 281, 38864; P., p. 282,
38865 Poti A. P., p C, p. 507, 129206 ; Slanie F. M., Vctss., p. 506,
129203 ; Vet. X. R., p. 507, 129205 Potter, A. M., p. 478, 103391 ; C.
F„ p. 478, 103381 ; C. N., p. 478, 103385; E., p. 478, " F. S., p. 478,
G. W., p. 478, Rev. H. E., 03387 ; L. F., p. 478, 103382 ; T. R, F., p.
478, 103388 Poulton. Mrs. S. E., p. 415, 79997 Powell ( ), p. 338,
56002 ; A. F., p. 338, 56005 ; Maj. A. L., p. 415, 79985 ; Mrs. C. H.,
p. 463, 95514 ; D., p. 110, 10488. 41664 ; D., p. 414, 79984 ; Mrs.
E., p. 468, 103096 ; E. B. S., p. 463, 95517 ; E. D., p. 338, 56007 ;
E. E., p. 415, 79987 ; F. E.. p. 415, 79988 ; G-. p. 110, 10487,
41663; H., p. 338, 80279, 80423 ; H„ p. 427, 80298, 80442 ; Col. H.
M., p. 427, 80289, 80433 ; H. R., p. 426, 1(1338!) ; 103386 ; p. 478,
80276. 80420 Capt. H. R. E., p. 427, 80293, 80437 H. S. A., p. 427,
80297, 80441 ; J. H., p. 426, 80270, 80414; L. H, p. 426, 80271
80415 ; P. M. M.. p. 427, 80290. 80434 ; R. H M., n. 426, 80275,
80419 ; U. F., p. 426, 80273, 80417 ; W. D. p. 427, 80292, 80436 ;
W. J. M., p. 426, 80274, 80418; W. R., p. 426, 80288, 80432
PtVSCOtt, A. R., p. 89, 9897 ; B. J., 9909; C. A., p. 89,' 9901 ; C. C,
p. 89, 596 oouuo ; ±1., p. aay, 56009 ; H. I. F„ p. 339, 56010 ; H.
W. M., p. 468, 103097; I., p. 110, 10486, 41662 ; J. A. L., p. 415,
79986; J. E., p. 338, 56001 ; L.. p. 338, 56004 ; M., p. 338, 56008 ;
Mrs. M. E. M., p. 110, 10485, 41661 ; N. C. W., p. 463, 95518 ; Mrs.
P. O. B„ p. 414, 79983 ; R., p. 338, 56003 ; R. D. F., p. 463, 95516 ;
Capt. R. M„ p. 415, 79989 ; V. H. de B., p. 463, 95515 Powles, F. B.,
p. 262, 38124, 38153 ; Lieut. J. C. p. 262. 38122. 38151 ; Mrs. M. E.
A., p. 262, 38121, 38150; Rev. R. C, p. 262, 38123, 38152 Poyser,
Mrs. A., p. 314, 42379, 42451 ; A. H. R. W., p. 314, 42380, 42452;
A. I., p. 314, 42381. 42453; I. G„ p. 314, 423S6, 42458 Praed, Mrs.
M., p. 138, 16135 Praslin. 6th D. of, p. 504, 129160 Pratt, A., p. 427,
80294, 80438 ; A. M., p. 426, 80278, 80422 ; B. E., p. 426, 80280,
80424 ; C. A., p. 426, 80277, 80421; Rev. D., p. 427, 80295. 80439 ;
D. L., p. 426, 80272, S0416 ; E. L., p. 427, 80291, 80435 ; E. R., p.
425, 80269, 80413 ; Col. E. R. M„ p. 426, 80268, 80412 ; G. H., p.
426, 9896 Preston. Mrs. C. F., p. 460, 95418 Pretyman, Mrs. G. E., p.
497, 128286 Price, A. M. F., p. 133, 15991 ; G A., p. 133, 15990; C.
W. B„ p. 133, 15984: Rev. E. H. B., p. 133, 15985 ; F. W., p 133,
15989; Brevet-Major J. N. B. p. 133, 15983 ; M G., L., p. 133, 15
Prichard, Mrs. 456, 95332 Priday, Mrs. E. E., p. 416, 80029 ; J., p.
416, 80030 Priest, E. C, p. 567 (App.) ; E. R., p. 567 (App.) Pringle,
Mrs. B. V., p. 456, 95312 ; Mrs. M„ p. 391, 71975 Probyn, M. E., p.
168, 17667 ; E. A., p. 168, 17666 ; E. H., p. 168, 17665 ; Mrs. E. M.,
p. 168, 17664 ; Victoria C. I., Lady, p. 551, 135146 Pruthero, Mrs. C,
p. 237, 36906 ; Mrs. M. C, p. 237, 36893 Pryor, A. V., p. 414, 59974 :
B. E. M„ p. 414, 79978 ; E., p. 414, 799S2 ; J. A., p. 414, 79975
Puekle, 37SS2 ; 37887 ; 37881 ; 37883 ; R., p. 414, i. H. p. 254, E.
H, p. 254, F. H, p. 254, G. H„ p. 254, G. H, p. 254, L. H. p. 254, M.
H., p. 254, P. H, p. 254, S. H, p. 254, 37886 ; 37885 ; 37884 ; 37880
Pulling, Mrs. E. A., p. 151, 16665, 72477 ; J. B., p. 151, 16666,
72478: V. E.. p. 151, 16667, 72479 PurcelI,A.,p. 498, 128312,
128322 ; A. H., p. 498, 128331 ; A. H„ p. 569
 3ntie;r (App.) A. L., p. 497, 128307 ; A. M. p. 497. 128311 ;
C. F. p. 497, 128306 ; C. H , p. 569 (App.) , E„ p. 498, 128334 ; E.
M. p. 497, 12S309 ; E. St L. H., p. 569 (App.) 12s:!:!il F. M., p. 498,
G. H., p. 569 (App.) H., p. 498, 1 .Vs329a ; H. H., p. 569 (App-). L.
C, p. 497, L. H„ 1283 10 L. St. p. 569 (App.); M., p 498, 12 S3 13.
128323 : M. H , p. 569 (App.) M. J., p. 497, 128304 ; M. M. p. 497, ;
R. H p. 569 R. J., (App.) Lieut. p. 497 L., p. 128305 ; T. L. 98,
128335; W. C. H„ p. 498, 12S333; W. H., p. 569 (App.) Purr-has. A.
F. E p. 309, D. M., 41927, 43120; p. 309 41028. 43121 ; Mrs. F S. A.,
p. 309, 41926, 43119 Purdon, Mrs. M. E. F., p. 438. 90130 Purefoy,
M. L. G , p. 449, 94919 ; Capt. R. P., p. 449, 94918 Purves, A. H., p.
317, 42507 A. L H., p. 274. 38525 ; A . M. C, p. 274 38.726 C. E., p.
317 42510 D. B. J., p. 84. 9785 E. M., p. 317 42809 H. G. J., p. 84,
9786 ; Mrs. L. W. p. 317 42506 ; Mrs. M. G. J , p. 84, 9784; T. B., p.
317, 42508 Puxlev, Mrs. D. F. M., p. 204 29708 29967 ; F. K., p. 496,
128271 ; F. L., p. 496, 128260 ; F. L., p. 496, 12S273 ; G. L., p. 496,
128270; W. E., p. 496, 128272 Pvke. E. p. 160, 17024 Tym, C B., p.
473, 103261 ; G., p. 106, 10309, 41485 : G. W. E., p . 106. 10308,
41484 J., p. 106, 10310, 4 14 SO. Cant. J. B , p. 473. 103262"; M.,
p. 473 103263 ; Mrs. M. A. E., p. 473, 103260 ; Mrs. M. G., p. 106.
10306, 41482 ; P. J. E„ p. 106, 10307, 41483 ; V., p. 106, 10311,
41487 Quilter, Hon. Mrs. G., p. 44, 155 ; G. E. C., p. 44, 156 : I., p.
44, 158; J. R., p. 44, 157 Radcliffe, Mrs. A., p. Ill, 10557, 41733 ; A,
E., p. 111. 10563, 41739; C. A., p. Ill, 10561, 41737; J. N. A., p. Ill,
10559, 41735; M. M., p. Ill, 10562, 41738; R. E. L.. p. Ill, 10558.
41734 ; Maj. W. S. W. p. Ill, 10560, 41730 Radclvffe, Mrs. T. C, p.
186; 28642 Radmall. Mrs. V. M., p. 319, 42586 Ragg, B. L. V., p. 180,
27332 ; Mrs. L. M., p. ISO, 27331 Raikes. D. C. G., p. 471. 103197 ;
E. B., p. 154, 16753 ; Mrs. H.,p. 154, 16749 ; Mrs. J. E„ p. 471,
103195; R. B., p. 154, 16751 : R. M. B., p. 154, 16752 ; T. B., p. 154,
16750 ; T. H. C, p. 471, 103196 Rainsford, Mrs. C. R., p. 397, 72299
Ram, A., p. 105, 10269, 10388. 41445. 41564; A. J. 105, 10387,
41444, 41563; Mrs. C. H., p. 105, 10267, 10386, 41443, 41562 ; F.
M. A., p. 541. 134739. 135288; G. E., p. 541, 134738, 135287 ; Mrs.
M.. p. 541, 134737, 135286 Ramsay, Caroline C, Ladv, p. 52, 375
Ramsden, A. A., p. 437, 90123 ; A. F„ p. 437, 90120; A. F., p. 437,
90126; A. G. F., p. 440, 90166; Capt. A. J., p. 439. 90165 ; C, p. 439.
90163 ; C, p. 439, 90164; C. H., p. 438. 90133 ; C. H. L., p. 438,
90134 ; E. A.. p. 439. 90157 ; E. C. p. 437, 90125; E. E. C, p. 438,
90131 ; E. F., p. 437, 90121 ; E. M. F., p. 438, 90137 ; E. P., p. 437,
90114 ; E. W., p. 438. 90142 ; F. C. H., p. 438, 90138; F. E. M., p.
438,90132; F. F., p. 439. 90159 ; F. G., p. 439. 90162 ; F. H., p. 440,
90169 ; F. P., p. 438, 90147 ; F. T., p. 437, 90128 ; Rev. G., p. 440,
90171 ; G. C. F., p. 438, 90140 ; G. E.. p. 437, 90127 ; Col. H. F. S.,
p. 438, 90139; J. E. C, p. 437, 90115; J. H. F., p. 440, 90167 ; J. P.,
p. 437, 90122 ; J. S., p. 439, 90161 ; M., p. 437, 90119; M. E., p.
438, 90141 ; M. H., p. 437, 90129 ; P. S. W., p. 438, 90135 ; R. C. P.,
p. 437, 90109 ; R. W., p. 437, 90124 ; W. E., p. 437, 90116; Rev. W.
F., p. 440. 90170 ; W. H. C. p. 438, 90136 ; W. .1. P., p. 439, 90158
Randolph, A Col. A. F., 139, 16147 139. 16162 141. 16215 A. M., p.
A. S., p. B. M., p. 141, 16208; B. N., p. 141. 16211 ; Rev. B. W..p.
141, 16209; Rev. C, p. 141, 16201 ; C. E., p. 139, 16141 ; C. F. M.,
p. 139, 16150 ; C. G„ p. 141, 16203 ; C. J., p 139. If 145 ; E. S. F., p.
140, 16180; Rev. E . S. L., 16139 . F. E„ p. 140, 16176; F. M., p. 141,
16216; G. A., p. 139, 16143 ; G. B. p. 140, 16172; G. F., p. 141,
16213 ; G. W. p. 139, 16140; H. L., p. 141. 16210; H. M. p. 139,
16144; J. C, p. 139, 16148 ; J. H., p. 141, Rev. J. 16202 . Right H.
G., p. 140, 16173; J. M., p. 140, 16174 ; L. F. A ., p. 140 16181 ; M.
A., p. 140, 16175; M. C, p. 140, 16177 ; M. F. F ., p. 141 16205 ; M.
I., p. 141, 16207 ; P. J. C . p. 140 16179 ; Rev. R." G., p. 140, 16163
; R. S., p. 141, 16212 . s. c, p. 141, 16214; S. E., p. 141, 16206, T.
B., p. 141, 16204 T. G., p. 139, 115 1M; 124. 16142; V. M.. p. 140.
16171 ; Rev. W. F. H. p. 139, 16146 Rankin, A. C, p. 351, 59611 ;
Mrs. A. H.. p. 350, 59610 ; J. M„ p. 351, 59612 Rankinsr. Mrs. V. E..
p. 110, 10484, 41660 dr- Karecourt, Duke G. R. F. C, p. 505, 120189
; J. M. L. C. p. 506, 129192; Duke L. G. P. M. I., p. 506. 129190; M.
L. E. A. M., p. 506, 129191 ; Duke P. G. H. L. C, p. 506, 129187
Ravensworth, Emma, Ctss. of, p. 60, 579, 17558 ; Sophia H., Bnss.,
p. 536, 131676 Rawson, A. E. G., p. 302, 40190 ; A. J. S., p. 302,
40193 ; C. D., p. 302, 40194 ; C. S., p. 302, 40192 ; D. A. J., p. 302,
40195 ; E. B., p. 302, 40200 ; E. F., p. 302. 40198 ; H. E., p. 302,
40188; H. E., p. 312. 40189; J. S., p. 302, 40191 ; M. S., p. 302.
40197 ; S., p. 302. 40196 Rawstorne, Mrs. A. F.. p. 306. 40341 ; F.
M., p. 306. 40345 ; G. S., p. 306, 40343 ; J., p. 306, 40346 ; M. E.
40347 ; R. A. 40342 ; R. G. 40344 Raymond, A. L 11538 ; A. M.
11553; C, 11533; Rev. C. A., p 124, 11547 ; E. C, p |.. :ioc,. p. 306.
p. 306, p. 124, 124, 1534 ; E. G., 123, 11529 ; Mrs. F. E. R., p. 126,
11604; H. M.. p. 124, 11550; H. P., p. 124, 11532; H. T., p. 124,
11537; J., p. 123 11527 ; J., p. 125, 11587 ; K. M., p. 123. 11528; L.,
p. 124, 11535; L. C, p. 124, • P11551; M. L., p. 124, 11546; M. M.,
p. 124, 11539; N. M., p. 124, 11552; O. C. p. 124, 11541 ; Rev. O.
E., p. 123, 11525 ; O. J., p. 123, 11526 ; O. M., p. 123. 11530 ; II.
\V. E., p. 124. 11549; P. A., p. 124. 11536; Rev. P. F., p. 124, 11531 ;
R. L„ p. 124, 11542 ; S. P. St. C, p. 123, 11508; Rev. W. M., p. 124,
11548 Rea, Mrs. M. F., p. 461, 95446 Reed, C. L., p. 283, 38905 ;
Hon. Mrs. E., p. 283, 38903 ; E. L., p. 283, 38906 ; Mrs. P. F. E., p.
34S, 59554 ; H. L., p. 283, 38904; Rees, Mrs. M. A. F., p. 418, 80071
474, 103281 ; F. L., p. 474, 103279 Reid, Mrs. S. M., p. 240, 37282
Rennie, Mrs. P. M., p. 204, 29710, 29969 Renny, A. G. L., p. 232,
36560 ; Mrs. M. F., p. 231, 36558; P. C. F. X., p. 232. 36559 ; S. A.,
p. 232, 36561 van Rensselaer, C. A., p. 337, 55977 ; Mrs. C. E., p.
337, 55976; 8., p. 337, 55978 von Reutersward, Bnss. E. R. F.. p.
472, 103214 ; Lieut. G. A. C, p. 472, 103216; M. F. A., p. 472,
103218; P. K. R., p. 472, 103215 ; V. A. F., p. 472, 103217 Revell, J.,
p. 495, 128241 Revoil, Mrs. C, p. 345. 59496 Reynard. C. E.. p. 96,
10084; C. F., p. 96. 10085; Mrs. E. M. G., p. 96, 10083 Reynolds, E.
O., p. 319, 42584 ; R. H., p. 319, 42585 Riaoh, Mrs. M. A. G., p. 144.
16319; N.. p. 144, 16322, R., p. 144, 16321 ; S.M.A.,p. 144, 16320
Ri.-rardi-Cubitt, 1st Ct., p. 264, 38193 ; C. C, p. 264, 38194 ; M. Y„
p. 264, 38197 ; T. F. M., p. 264. 38196 ; V. A. M.. p. 264. 38195 Rice,
Lieut. A., p. 240, 37294 ; Mrs. C. M., p. 96, 10086 ; Mrs. C. P., p.
240, 37292 ; D. T., p. 96, 10089 ; H. T„ p. 96, 10087 ; J. A. T., p. 96,
10088 ; Mrs. L. M., p. 240, 37293 Riee-Wiggin, C. F. S., p. 64, 701 ;
Mrs. H., p. 64. 700 Rirlmrdson, D. C, p. 276, 38654, 38730 ; E. W.
R., p. 278, 38725 ; G., 597 4 u
 Jnbtx p. 326, 43158 ; J. C. p. 278, 38727 ; K. D„ p. 276,
38655, 38731 ; Mrs. K. T„ p. 276, 3S653 ; L. G., p. 278, 38726 ; M.
E„ p. 276, 38656, 38732 ; Mrs. M. R., p. 326, 43157 ; R. E. R., p.
278, 3S729; R. E. Y. S., p. 278, 38728; Mrs. T. E., p. 278, 38724
Richmond, A. I., p. 563, 135465; Mrs. C. C, p. 302. 10185; Mrs. M.,
p. 563. 135464 ; S.. p. 563, 135466 Richmond-Gale-Braddvll, E. C,
p. 451. 95009 ; F. R., p. 451, 95011 ; H. E., p. 451, 95007 ; H. G., p.
451, 95022 ; H. S., p. 451, 95008 ; M. A., p. 451, 95010 Rickards,
Mrs. E. E., p. 554, 135248 ; Mrs. K. M., p. 42, 90; L. C. A., p. 554,
135251 ; M. C. A., p. 554, 135250; R.H.T.,p.554, 135249; T. M., p.
42, 91 Ricketts, Mrs. M. M. C, p. 21. 30095 Riddell, C. E., p. 359.
59802, 95281 ; E. A. B., p. 358, 59792. 95271 ; E. J., p. 359, 59805.
95284 ; Capt. E. V. D.. p. 358, 59791, 95270 ; F. A. I., p. 359, 59803,
95282 ; Capt. J. B., p. 358, 59793, 95272 ; L. A., p. 35S, 59796,
95275 ; Capt. R. B„ p. 358, 59790; 95269 ; Col. R. V., p. 358, 69789,
95268 Riley. A. M., p. 146, 16428; D. L.B.,r 16427 ; Mrs. E. 1 146,
16425 ; E. ] 146. 16429; Liei B., p. 146, 16426 Ringrose, Mrs. B., p.
244, 37378 ; C. H., p. 244. 37379 ; E. B., p. 244. 37380 Riplev. D. A.
S., p. 321. 42630; H. E., p. 321. 42629 Rivers, Emmeline L.. 146, t.
G. Bns 73, 9369, C. J., Roberts, E.. p. 63. 068 ; Mrs. E., p. 90, 9943 ;
Mrs. E. A., p. 356, 59742 ; E. D., p. 180, 27333 ; G., p. 51, 338 ; H.
A., p. 62, 629 ; Rev. H. B., p. 180, 27334; H. M., p. 180, 27330; K. H.
T., p. 51, 337 ; M. A., p. 62, 651 ; S. C. C, p. 51, 336; W., p. 62, 631
; Mrs. W. C, p. 190, 28861 Robertson. A. K. A., p. 202. 29675 ; C. A.
B., p. 202, 29672 ; Mrs. H. A. M.. p. 494, 128223 ; Mrs. H. C. M., p.
214, 30100 ; H. M.. p. 494, 128227 ; L. G., p. 214. 30101 ; M. D., p.
494. 128224; M. M. S. (!., p. 214, 30102 ; M. S., p. 494, 128226 ; N.
M., p. 202. 29676 ; N. W„ p. 494, 128225 ; P. R. M., p. 202, 29673 ;
R, L., p. 202, 29677 ; T. P. M., p. 202, 29674 Robertson-Glasgow,
Mrs. M. B., p. 459, 95388, 11631 ; R. C. p. 459, 95390. 11633; R.
W., p. 459, 95389, 11632 Robeson, Mrs. C. p. 278, 38723 Robins, A.
M. M., p. 409, 79828 ; A. P. T., p. 409, 79827 ; H. D. G. D., p. 409,
79826 ; Mrs. M. S., p. 409, 79825 ; S. R., j Robinson, 458; 409,
79S29 _C, p. 55, 56, 56, 463 ; B. B. T., 462; Mrs. D. M., p. 215,
30121 ; Mrs. E., p. 55, 454 ; E., p. 56, 470; Mrs. E. F., p. 275, 38652
; F„ p. 56, 461 ; F. H., p. 56, 460 ; Lieut. Sir F. V. D., 10th Bt.. p. 82,
9730 ; H. F., p. 56, 464 ; H. G., p. 55, 456; H. G., p. 55. 457 ; H. M.,
p. 55, 455 ; M. J.. 9732; Lieut. -Col. R. H., 5th Bt,, 493, 107, 10314,
41490; W. G, p. 56, 459 Robson, Mrs. A., p. 462. 95504 ; Mrs. F., p.
309, 41925, 43118 Roeh, Mrs. H. St. L., p. 499, 128337 Rochfort,
Mrs. H. C, p. 144. 16338 Rogers, Mrs. G. M., p. 438, 90145; M. R., p.
438, 90146 Roger-Smith, B., p. 109, 10397, 41573 ; B. H., p. 109,
10396, 41572 ; Mrs. D. E., p. 109, 10394, 41570 ; R., p. 109. 10395,
41571 Rogerson, E. M., p. 63. 686; Mrs. M., p. 63, 685 Rohan, D. G.,
128200 ; Mrs. p. 493. 128198 ; N. L.. p. 493, 128199 Rooke, Mrs. A.,
p. 267, 38287 ; Mrs. E. E., p. 281, 38850 Roper, Mrs. E. H.. p. 336,
55931 ; G. D., p. 336, 55933 ; G. F., p. 336, 55932 ; I. K., p. 336,
55934 ; Rose, Mrs. E„ p. 113, 10639, 11084, 41815, 42145; Mrs. M.,
p. 451, 95012 ; R. P. L., p. 113, 10640, 11085, 41816, 42146 Ross,
Mrs. H. E., p. 549, 135095; Mrs. M., p. 294, 39477 Rosser, Mrs. L., p.
394, 72213, 72318 Rossmore. Mitt.ie. Bnss., p. 157, 16828 Round,
Mrs. H. L„ p. 532, 131313 Roundell. C. F., p. 235, 36621, 72425; D.
G. A., p. 235, 36619, 72423 ; N. L., p. 235, 36620, 72424 ; Capt. R.
F., p. 235, 36617, 72421; R, H. S., p. 235, 36618. 72422 Roupell,
Mrs. M., p. 498, 128317, 128327 Rous, Lady B. H. J., p. 197, 29541,
29781 ; Lady C. C. p. 197. 29540, 29780; Lady P. E., p. 197, 29539, |
29779; Hon. W. K., p. 197, 29538, 29778 Rouse-Boughton - Knight,
Mrs. I. H., p. 69, 860, 57279 Routh, Mrs. B. P., p. 219, 30340
Rowden, D., p. 116. 10706, 11181, 37632, 41882,42212 ; E., p. 116,
10707, 11152, 37633, 41883, 42213 ; F. C. B.. p. 116, 10702, 11147.
37628, 41878, 42208 ; Mrs. L. C, p. 116, 10701, 11146. 37627,
41877, 42207 ; L. E., p. 116, 10703, 11148. 37629. 41879, 42209
Rowland, Mrs. C. I., p. 189, 28S46; E. M., p. 189, 28848; F. E., p.
189, 28849 ; G. E., p. H. I., p. W. G. S.. 189, 28851 189, 28850: p.
189, 28847 Rowley, G, p. 224, 36379 : D. T. G, " Mrs. M. 71801
71802 263, 38177 ; Capt. H., p. 263, 38179 Rudstow-Read, Mrs. L.,
p. 281, 38858 Ruggles-Brise, Lady D. L.. p. 66, 753. 57172
Rushworth, E. H., p. 115, 10673, 11118, 41849, 42179; W. A., p.
115, 10674, 11119, 41850, Russell, A. J. G., p. 143, 16306
Ruttledge, E. P. K., p. 389, 71817; J. F., p. 389, 71815; Mrs. M. C, p.
347, 59524 ; Mrs. M. O., p. 389, 71814; R. F , p. 347, 59525 ; R. T.,
p. 389, 71816; W., p. 347, 59526 Ruxleben, Bnss. E. O , p. 470,
103154 Ryan. C. A., p. 357, 59769 ; Mrs. S. B., p. 134, 16011 Ryde,
A. J., p. 228, '36489, 36581 ; A. M., p. 229, 36496, 36588 ; C. A., p.
229, 36493. 36585 ; C. E., p. 229, 36495. 36587 ; Maj. F. E.,p. 229,
36491.36583; H. F., p. 229, 36494. 36586 ; H. G., p. 229, 36492,
36584 ; Rev. L. 507, F., p. 229, 3049O. :ior,S2; W. E. C, p. 228,
36488, 36580 Sabban, 4th D. of, p. 507, 129210 de Sabran-
Ponteves, A. L. E. R. M. D., p. 507, 129212 ; R. L. M. E.. 129211
SalTord, Capt, C. J., p. 111. 10577,41753 ;Mrs. E. N., p. Ill, 10576,
41752; J. C, p. 112, 10579, 41755 ; Mrs. L. M.,p. 413, 79956; Capt.
N. E. F.. p. 112, 10578, 41754; S. F., p. 112, 10584, 41760; V. H. D.,
p. 112, 10580, 41756 Sainsbury, G. C. L. L., p. 538, 131718; G. L., p.
537, 131717; H. W. L., p. 537, 131710; K. L., p. 537, 131715 ; M. L.,
p. 537, 131716; T. A., p. 537, 131709 ; Rev. T. H. L., p. 537, 131708
St. Clair. A. J., p. 53, 396 ; C, p. 53, 395; Mrs. C. A., p. 53, 392 ; J.
S., p. 53, 393 ; L„ p. 53, 397 ; N. G., p. 53, 398 ; P. R., p. 53, 394 St.
Cvres, Vet,, p. 114, 10663, 11108, 41839, St. John, G. R., p. 242,
37343 ; Mrs. M. L., p. 242, 37342 ; M. O., p. 242, 37344 ; U. M., p.
242, 37345 St. Leger, Capt, A. J. B., p. 450, 94967 ; A. M., p. 492,
128178, 12N18S : B. M., p. 450, 94968 ; H. B., p. 450, 94970 ; I. G.,
p. 292. 12S1SO. 128190 ; N. E., p. 492, 128179, 128189; R. W. A.,
p. 450, 94971 ; V., p. 450, 94969 de Salis. Mrs. E. E., p. 215, 30129
Sah 1. F.. p. 206, 29871 ; F. M., p. 206, 29867 ; H. B., p. 206, 29869
; H. M., p. 206, 29868 ; I. F. F., p. 206, 29870 Sah in, Mrs. P. B., p.
262, 38142, 38171 ; P. M., p. 262, 38143, 38172 Saiieliiai'v, A. G. E.,
p. 400, 77842, 79351 ; C. T.,p. 400, 77841,79350; H. N., p, 400.
77843, 79352 ; I. G., p. 400, 77845, 79354; Mrs. M. E.,p. 400.
77840. 79349; M. F.A., p. 400, 77844, 79353 A. M., p. 115, 11122,
41853, D. A., p. 115, 11123, 41854, E. K., p. 115, 11124, 41855. G.
R., p. 115, 11121, 41852, Mrs. H. J., p. 0675, 11120, 12181 ; M. E.,
Sa'idhaeli 10677, 42183 ; 10678, 42184; 10679, 42185; 10676,
42182 ; 115. 41851, 598
 ^Jntier p. 115, 10681, 11126. 64130; Bnss. C. E. A., Seton,
A. H., p. 320, p. 349, 59573 ; T. M., 41857. 42187 ; V. M., p. 380.
64141 ; Bnss. 42597. 42640 ; Maj. B. p. 349. 59577 p. 115. 10680,
11125, C. M. H. A. G.. p. 380, G.. p. 320. 42596, Shippcrdson, I. H.,
p. 218, 41856, 42186 64140;Bn.F.C..p. 380. 42639 ; B. L., p. 320,
30327; T. H„ p. 218, 30320 Sandeman, Mrs. I., p. 462, 64136 ; Bnss.
F. M., p. 42598, 42641 ; C. B., 95502 ; Mrs. M. C, 380. 64139 ; Bn.
H. F. p. 320. 42018. -12022 ; Shore, H. A., p. 207, p. 456, 95313 ;
W. A., M„ p. 380. 64137 ; Bn. Lieut. C. C, p. 320, 29875; Lieut. L. H.
p. 462, 95503 H. N., p. 380, 64134 ; 42620; C. H., p. 321. P., p. 207,
29876 ; Hon. Sandford, A., p. 204, Bnss. I. H., p. 380, 64142 ; Bn. L.
F .C. p. 42621 ; C. M., p. 320, Mrs. M. A., p. 207, 29730, 29989 ; C,
p. 42601, 42644 ; Mrs. E. 29874 ; N. B. P., p. 204. 29729. 29988 ; F.
380, 64132 ; Bnss. L. H., E., p. 321, 42638 ; Maj. 207, 29877 G. M.,
p. 187. 28665, p. 380, 64133 ; Bnss. H. J., p. 321. 42627; Short, A.
H., p. 200, 2S828 ; Mary, Lady, p. M. C. A., p. 380, 64138 ; J. G., p.
320, 42599. 38253; Lieut. A. L. 204. 29720. 29985 ; Bn.B.H., p.
380,641 35; 42642 ; J. P., p. 320. H., p. 265, 38233 ; C. Capt. W. G.,
p. 187, 28664. 28827 Bn. W. A. A. J., p. 380, 42619, 42623 ; K. M.,
M., p. 266, 38254 ; D. 64131 p. 320. 42G03, 42640 ; B., p. 267,
38261 ; Capt. F. H., p. 200. 3S251 ; Sandford-WilK E.,p. 351,
ScholeBeld, Mrs. A. L. S., M.. p. 321, 42628 ; M. de S., p. 320,
42600, 59624, 60223, 64427 ; p. 102, 10206. 41382 ; J. H. B.. p.
102, 10207, Rev. F. W. H., p. 260. L. E., p. 351, 59625. 42643 ; Mrs.
V. A., p. 38252 ; J. H., p. 207, 60224, 64428 ; M. G., 41383 320.
42617 ; W. W., p. 38257 ; J. H., p. 267, p. 351, 59626, 60225,
Sehomberf;, Mrs. V. L.. 320. 42602, 42645 38258 ; J. L. B.. p. 200,
38255; K. R. B. H., 64429 p. 99, 10157, 41333 Shadwell, Mrs. F., p.
460, Snndham, A. M., p 199, Schott. Mrs. S. F., p. 478, 95424, 95450
p. 266, 38234 ; M„ p.. 29572. 29812 ; C. B., 103384 Shafto. C. M. F.
D.. p. 267, 38259 ; V., p. 267, p. 199. 29570, 29810 ; Sclater, Mrs. E.
H., p. 199, 290, 39090, 39136 38260 ; W. H., p. 207, Mrs. E. F.,p.
199,29569, 29568. 29808 Sliakespear, R. H., p. 550, 38256 ; W. J., p.
266, 29809 Scott, Mrs. F. A., p. 141. 135131 ; W. F., p. 550, 38250
Sandys, E. M., p. 145, 16194 135132 Shuckljurgh, C. E., p. 445,
16363 ; Mrs. H. K. E., Scott-Uattv, E. C, p. 527, Shann. A..p. 265,
38210; 94674 fE. H., p. 445. p. 145, 16362 ; H. M., 131223 ; Mrs. L.
M. H., Rev. G B., p. 265, 94667 ; G. F. S., p. 445, p. 145, 16365 ; S.
E., p. 527, 131222 38218; C. D., p. 265, 94666 ; Capt. G. S., p. p.
145. 16364 Scott -Murray, Mrs. M. M. 38214; E. K., p. 265, 445.
96471 ; L. M., p. Saunders, A. L., p. 138, J., p. 255, 37942 38221 ;
E. W., p. 265, 445, 94673 ; M. E., p. 445, 94672 ; Sir S. F. 16137; C.
I., p. 196, SeouL-all, C, p. 93, 10021 : 38212; F., p. 265, 29049,
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p. 265, D.. 10th Bt., p. 445, F. M., p. 196, 29048. 29129, 29319; G.
H„ 38227 ; G., p. 265, 94665 J. H., p. 93, 10020 38208 ; G. D., p.
265, Shuldhara, Lieut.-Col. A. p. 196, 2904G. 29127, Scovell. D. G..
p. 485. 38213; H., p. 265, I., p. 165, 17525 ; D. 29317 ; Mrs. H. C,
p. 103461, 103545 ; G. F.. 38225 ; H. C. p. 265, F. M. B., p. 164,
17513, 138, 16136; H. S., p. p. 485, 103459, 103543: 38211; K., p.
265, 17796; E. D., p. 164, 196, 29042. 29123, G. H.. p. 4S5.
1034GO, 38224 ; L. H., p. 265, 17504, 17787 ; F. N. 29313; M. I., p.
196, 103544 ; H. E.. p. 485, 38228; L. J., p. 265, Q., p. 164. 17515,
29044. 29125, 29315; 103458, 103542 ; Mrs. 38229 ; L. M.. p. 265,
17798; H. L. D., p. Mrs. 0., p. 195, 29041, I. H., p. 485, 103457,
3S220 ; M. G., p. 265, 164, 17506, 17789 ; M. 29122, 29312; O. E.,
103541 38226 ; Rev. R., p. 265, C. D., p. 164, 17505, p. 196, 29050.
29131, Scrivener. A. P. L., p. 454. 95106 ; Coram. E. 38217 ; R. A., p.
265, 17788; S. A. N„ p. 29321 ; R. P., p. 196, 38219; R. M., p. 265,
164, 17507, 17790 ; V. 29045, 29126. 29316; B. B. L., p. 454, 95104
; 38216 ; T. L.. p. 265, L.. p. 164. 17508, U. M. J., p. 196. 29043. E.
H. B. L., p. 454, 38223; V. F., p. 265, 17791 ; W. F. Q., p. 29124,
29314; V. C, p. 95105 ; I. T. L., p. 454, 38215 ; W. A., p. 265, 164,
17516, 17799 196, 29047. 29128, 95107 ; P. L„ p. 454, 3S222
Shuldham-Lve, Capt. H., 29318 ; Capt. W. St. 95109 ; W. V. L., p.
Shaw. A. A., p. 459, p. 165, 17524, 17807 Sidney, Lieut.-Col. the L.,
p. 138, 16138 454, 95108 95393, 11636; Mrs. B., Saurin. J., p. 369,
60105, Scrivener, P., p. 161, p. 54. 424 ; Mrs. B. Hon. A., p. 235.
36613. 64309 ; M. A., p. 369, 17035; T. V„ p. 161, M.,p. 386.
71733;C. H., 72417 ; M. O., p. 235, 60106, 64310 17034; Mrs. V., p.
161. p. 386, 71734; E. C. 36616. 72420 ; Hon. Savile. B. A. L., p.
353, 17033 H.. p. 459. 95392, W., p. 235, 36614, 59691 ; Capt. J. H.
D., Scale. Adela. Lady, p. Ill, 11635; Mrs. H. U., p. 72418; W. P.. p.
235. p. 353, 59690 10574, 41750 459, 95391, 11634 ; P., 36615,
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396, 459. 95394. 11637 9760; C. H.. p. 83, 42581 ; K. M., p. 319,
72278 Shea. Mrs. E. C. H.. p. 9754 ; E., p. S3, 9759 ; 42582; R. H.,
p. 319, Seemaim, E. D. G, p. 266. 38249 E. H., p. 83, 9756 ; 42583
421. 80150; Mrs. G. Shellcv. Mrs. E. E., p. Mrs. G. C, p. 82, 9753 ;
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S3, 9755 ; 71742 ; B. H., p. 214. G. C, p. 421, 80154 ; Shcii-foiie, A„
p. 373, G. F., p. 83, 9757 ; 30110; C, p. 386. J. A. H. A., p. 421,
60202, 64406 ; Mrs. A. M., p. 83. 9758 71745 ; D. A., p. 386. 80151
; M. A. I., p. E. G.. p. 373, 60201, Silvester. A. L., p. 559, 71744; D.
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; Rev. G. H. H. C, p. 450, 94941 ; E. F., p. 469, 103141 ; Sinclair. C.
G., p. 167, E. L.. p. 450, 94944 ; M. A., p. 469, 103143 17640 ; J. H.,
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17642 ; T. A., p. 167, H., p. 386. 71741 ; H. W., p. 386. 71739;
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450, 94942 ; L. F. M„ p. 450, 94943 ; M. 38516 167. 17639 ; W. F., p.
M. H.. p. 386, 71743 ; Sherrard, Mrs. A. L., p. 167, 17641 W. E.. p.
386, 71740; I., p. 450, 94945 284, 38931 ; A. W. E., Sitwell, Lieut.-
Col. F. IL, Rev. W. G., p. 386, Senior. Mrs. M. B„ p. 282. p. 284,
38932 p. 371. 60165. 04309 ; Lieut. W. 11. . p. 371, 71737 38881 ;
0. N., p. 282, Sherwood, Mrs. A., p. 349. 59572 ; A. A. F., p. Saxton,
Mrs. A. E., p. 38882 60163. 64367 : \V. 11., 318, 42542 ; D. J., p.
Scririson, C. M., p. 423, 349, 59578 ; A. J. H., p. 371. 60164. 64368;
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W. G. H.. p. 371, 318, 42543 C. W., p. 423, 80191, p. 349, 59576 ; F.
H., 60162, 64366 Sehinnnrlppnitifk van der 80335 ; P. I. E.. p. 423.
p. 349, 59575 ; R. G., Skipwith, E. K„ p. 09. Oye, 3rd B., p. 380,
80192, 80336 p. 349, 59574 ; T. E., 883. 57302 ; ti. IL, p. 599
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