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 Carraher’s
POLYMER
CHEMISTRY
Eighth Edition

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K10478.indb ii 9/14/2010 3:35:42 PM
 Carraher’s
POLYMER
CHEMISTRY
Eighth Edition

Charles E. Carraher, Jr.

K10478.indb iii 9/14/2010 3:35:42 PM

CRC Press
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 Foreword

Polymer science and technology have developed tremendously over the last few decades, and the
production of polymers and plastics products has increased at a remarkable pace. By the end of
2000, nearly 200 million tons per year of plastic materials were produced worldwide (about 2%
of the wood used, and nearly 5% of the oil harvested) to fulfill the ever-growing needs of the plas-
tic age; in the industrialized world plastic materials are used at a rate of early 100 kg per person
per year. Plastic materials with more than $250 billion per year contribute about 4% to the gross
domestic product in the United States. Plastics have no counterpart in other materials in terms of
weight, ease of fabrication, efficient utilization, and economics. It is no wonder that the demand and
the need for teaching in polymer science and technology have increased rapidly. To teach polymer
science, a readable and up-to-date introductory textbook is required that covers the entire field of
polymer science, engineering, technology, and the commercial aspect of the field. This goal has
been achieved in Carraher’s textbook. It is eminently useful for teaching polymer science in depart-
ments of chemistry, chemical engineering, and material science, and also for teaching polymer
science and technology in polymer science institutes, which concentrate entirely on the science and
technologies of polymers.
This eighth edition addresses the important subject of polymer science and technology, with
emphasis on making it understandable to students. The book is ideally suited not only for graduate
courses but also for an undergraduate curriculum. It has not become more voluminous simply by
the addition of information—in each edition less important subjects have been removed and more
important issues introduced. Polymer science and technology is not only a fundamental science but
also important from the industrial and commercial point of view. The author has interwoven dis-
cussion of these subjects with the basics in polymer science and technology. Testimony to the high
acceptance of this book is that early demand required reprinting and updating of each of the previ-
ous editions. We see the result in this new significantly changed and improved edition.

Otto Vogl
Herman F. Mark Professor Emeritus
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
University of Massachusetts
Amherst, Massachusetts

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K10478.indb vi 9/14/2010 3:35:43 PM
 Preface

As with most science, and chemistry in particular, there is an explosive broadening and increase in
the importance of the application of foundational principles of polymers. This broadening is seen
in ever increasing vistas allowing the advancement of our increasingly technologically dependant
society and solutions to society’s most important problems in such areas as environment and medi-
cine. Some of this broadening is the result of extended understanding and application of already
known principles, but it also includes the development of basic principles and materials known to
us hardly a decade ago. Most of the advancements in communication and computers, medicine, and
air and water purity are tied to macromolecules and a fundamental understanding of the principles
that govern their behavior. Much of this revolution is of a fundamental nature and is explored in this
latest edition. This book deals with these basic principles and their application in real-life situations.
Technology is the application of scientific principles. In polymers there is often little, if any, division
between science and technology.
The importance of the environment and our interaction with it is becoming increasingly evi-
dent. Industries are increasingly emphasizing on green science and practices that are favorable to
the environment. Polymer science also emphasizes on these practices and contributes critical com-
ponents toward solutions. This text continues to emphasize these measures including special sec-
tions that deal directly with environmental issues as well as integrating green science appropriately
woven within the fabric that is polymer chemistry. Consistent with the continued emphasis on green
chemistry, new sections dealing with photochemistry and green materials have been added.
Polymers are found in the organic natural world as the building blocks for life itself. They are
also found as inorganic building blocks that allow construction of homes, skyscrapers, and roads.
Synthetic polymers serve as basic building blocks of society today and tomorrow. This text includes
all three of these critical segments of polymeric materials.
A basic understanding of polymers is essential to the training of today’s science, biomedical, and
engineering students. Carraher’s Polymer Chemistry complies with the American Chemical Society’s
Committee on Professional Training guidelines as an advanced or in-depth course. It naturally inte-
grates and interweaves the important foundational areas since polymers are critical to all of the foun-
dational areas with all of these foundational areas contributing to the growth of polymer science. Most
of the fundamental principles of polymers are an integral part of the syllabi of the undergraduate and
graduate training courses for students. This allows students to integrate their chemical knowledge and
establish a connection between fundamental and applied chemical information. Thus, along with the
theoretical information, application is integrated as an essential part of the information. As in other
areas such as business and medicine, short case studies are presented as historical material.
While this book is primarily written as an introductory graduate-level course, it can also be used
as an undergraduate course, or as the introductory undergraduate–graduate course. The topics are
written so that the order and inclusion or exclusion of chapters or parts of chapters will still allow
students an adequate understanding of the science of polymers. Most of the chapters begin with
the theory part followed by the application portion. The most important topics are generally at the
beginning of the chapter followed by important, but less critical, sections. Some would prefer to
take up the synthesis-intense chapters first, some would prefer to take up the analytical/analysis/
properties chapters first, and others may simply prefer to take up the chapters as they appear in the
text. The book contains all of the elements of an introductory text with synthesis, property, appli-
cation, and characterization all present, allowing this to be the only polymer course taken by an
individual or the first in a series of polymer-related courses taken by the student.

vii

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 viii Preface

This edition continues in the “user-friendly” mode, with special sections in each chapter contain-
ing definitions, learning objectives, questions, and additional reading. Application and theory are
integrated so that they reinforce one another. There is a continued emphasis on picturing, reinforc-
ing, interweaving, and integrating basic concepts. The initial chapter is shorter, allowing students
to become acclimated. Other chapters are written so they can be covered in about a week’s time or
less. Where possible, difficult topics are distributed and reinforced over several topics. Case studies
are woven into the text fabric.
The basic principles that apply to synthetic polymers apply equally well to inorganic and biolog-
ical polymers and are present in each of the chapters covering these important polymer groupings.
The updating of analytical, physical, and special characterization techniques continues. A num-
ber of topics have been increased and include carbon nanotubes, tapes and glues, butyl rubber,
polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene, poly(ethylene glycols), shear-thickening fluids, photo-
chemistry and photophysics, dental materials, and aramids. New sections on a number of copoly-
mers, including fluoroelastomers, nitrile rubbers, acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene terpolymers, and
EPDM rubber, have been added. In addition, new units on spliceosomes, asphalt, and flyash and
aluminosilicates have been included. There is more emphasis on the molecular behavior of materi-
als, that is, nano-scale behavior, and on nanotechnology and nanomaterials.

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 Acknowledgments

The author gratefully acknowledges the contributions and assistance of the following in preparing
this text: John Droske, Eli Pearce, Charles Pittman, Edward Kresge, Gerry Kirshenbaum, Sukumar
Maiti, Alan MacDiarmid, Les Sperling, Eckhard Hellmuth, Mike Jaffe, Otto Vogel, Thomas
Miranda, Murry Morello, and Graham Allan; and a number of our children who assisted in giving
suggestions for the text—Charles Carraher III, Shawn Carraher, Colleen Carraher-Schwarz, Erin
Carraher, and Cara Carraher—to Erin for discussions on materials, Cara for her help with the bio-
medical material, and to Shawn for his help in relating the business and industrial aspects. Special
thanks to Gerry Kirshenbaum for his kind permission to utilize portions of articles by me that
appeared in Polymer News. This book could not have been written if not for those who are ahead
of us in this field, especially Raymond Seymour, Herman Mark, Charles Gebelein, Paul Flory, and
Linus Pauling; all of these friends shepherded and helped me. My thanks to them.
I thank my wife Mary Carraher for her help in proofing and allowing this edition to be written.

ix

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K10478.indb x 9/14/2010 3:35:43 PM
 Contents

Polymer Nomenclature ................................................................................................................ xxiii

How to Study Polymers ...............................................................................................................xxxv

Chapter 1 Introduction to Polymers ..............................................................................................1

1.1 History of Polymers ...........................................................................................1
1.2 Why Polymers? ..................................................................................................9
1.3 Today’s Marketplace ........................................................................................ 12
1.4 Environmental Assessment ............................................................................. 15
1.5 Summary ......................................................................................................... 18
Glossary ...................................................................................................................... 18
Exercises ..................................................................................................................... 19
Additional Reading ....................................................................................................20
General Encyclopedias and Dictionaries .................................................................... 21

Chapter 2 Polymer Structure (Morphology) ............................................................................... 23

2.1 Stereochemistry of Polymers...........................................................................24
2.2 Molecular Interactions ..................................................................................... 30
2.3 Polymer Crystals ............................................................................................. 38
2.4 Amorphous Bulk State .................................................................................... 42
2.5 Polymer Structure–Property Relationships ..................................................... 42
2.6 Cross-Linking ..................................................................................................44
2.7 Crystalline and Amorphous Combinations ..................................................... 47
2.8 Summary ......................................................................................................... 49
Glossary ...................................................................................................................... 50
Exercises ..................................................................................................................... 51
Additional Reading .................................................................................................... 52

Chapter 3 Molecular Weight of Polymers ................................................................................... 55

3.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 55
3.2 Solubility ......................................................................................................... 57
3.3 Average Molecular Weight Values .................................................................. 61
3.4 Fractionation of Polydisperse Systems ............................................................ 65
3.5 Chromatography .............................................................................................. 65
3.6 Colligative Molecular Weights ........................................................................ 69
3.6.1 Osmometry ......................................................................................... 69
3.6.2 End-Group Analysis ........................................................................... 71
3.6.3 Eublliometry and Cryometry ............................................................. 71
3.7 Light-Scattering Photometry ........................................................................... 71
3.8 Other Techniques ............................................................................................. 77
3.8.1 Ultracentrifugation ............................................................................. 77
3.8.2 Mass Spectrometry............................................................................. 79

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 xii Contents

3.9 Viscometry ...................................................................................................... 79

3.10 Summary ......................................................................................................... 86
Glossary ...................................................................................................................... 87
Exercises ..................................................................................................................... 89
Additional Reading ....................................................................................................90

Chapter 4 Polycondensation Polymers (Step-Reaction Polymerization) .................................... 93

4.1 Comparison between Polymer Type and Kinetics of Polymerization ............. 93
4.2 Introduction ..................................................................................................... 98
4.3 Stepwise Kinetics ............................................................................................ 98
4.4 Polycondensation Mechanisms ...................................................................... 103
4.5 Polyesters ....................................................................................................... 105
4.6 Polycarbonates ............................................................................................... 110
4.7 Synthetic Polyamides .................................................................................... 114
4.8 Polyimides ..................................................................................................... 120
4.9 Polybenzimidazoles and Related Polymers ................................................... 121
4.10 Polyurethanes and Polyureas ......................................................................... 122
4.11 Polysulfides .................................................................................................... 125
4.12 Polyethers and Epoxys ................................................................................... 126
4.13 Polysulfones ................................................................................................... 131
4.14 Poly(Ether Ether Ketone) and Polyketones ................................................... 131
4.15 Phenolic and Amino Plastics ......................................................................... 133
4.16 Furan Resins .................................................................................................. 135
4.17 Synthetic Routes ............................................................................................ 135
4.18 Liquid Crystals .............................................................................................. 136
4.19 Microfibers .................................................................................................... 140
4.20 General Stepwise Polymerization.................................................................. 141
4.21 Summary ....................................................................................................... 143
Glossary .................................................................................................................... 144
Exercises ................................................................................................................... 146
Additional Reading .................................................................................................. 147

Chapter 5 Ionic Chain-Reaction and Complex Coordination Polymerization.......................... 149

5.1 Chain Growth Polymerization—General...................................................... 150
5.2 Cationic Polymerization ................................................................................ 150
5.3 Anionic Polymerization ................................................................................. 156
5.4 Stereoregularity ............................................................................................. 161
5.5 Polymerization with Complex Coordination Catalysts ................................. 161
5.6 Soluble Stereoregulating Catalysis ................................................................ 163
5.7 Polyethylenes ................................................................................................. 166
5.8 Polypropylene ................................................................................................ 172
5.9 Polymers from 1,4-Dienes ............................................................................. 175
5.10 Polyisobutylene .............................................................................................. 178
5.11 Metathesis Reactions ..................................................................................... 179
5.12 Zwitterionic Polymerization .......................................................................... 179
5.13 Isomerization Polymerization........................................................................ 180
5.14 Precipitation Polymerization ......................................................................... 180
5.15 Summary ....................................................................................................... 181

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 Contents xiii

Glossary .................................................................................................................... 182

Exercises ................................................................................................................... 183
Additional Reading .................................................................................................. 185

Chapter 6 Free Radical Chain Polymerization (Addition Polymerization) .............................. 187

6.1 Initiators for Free Radical Chain Polymerization ......................................... 187
6.2 Mechanism for Free Radical Chain Polymerization ..................................... 191
6.3 Chain Transfer ............................................................................................... 197
6.4 Polymerization Techniques ...........................................................................200
6.5 Fluorine-Containing Polymers ......................................................................204
6.6 Polystyrene ....................................................................................................208
6.7 Poly(Vinyl Chloride) ..................................................................................... 210
6.8 Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) ............................................................................ 213
6.9 Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) and Poly(Vinyl Acetate) ............................................... 215
6.10 Polyacrylonitrile ............................................................................................ 216
6.11 Solid-State Irradiation Polymerization .......................................................... 217
6.12 Plasma Polymerizations................................................................................. 218
6.13 Summary ....................................................................................................... 218
Glossary .................................................................................................................... 219
Exercises ................................................................................................................... 220
Additional Reading .................................................................................................. 221

Chapter 7 Copolymerization ..................................................................................................... 223

7.1 Kinetics of Copolymerization ....................................................................... 223
7.2 Q-e Scheme ................................................................................................... 228
7.3 Commercial Copolymers ............................................................................... 229
7.4 Block Copolymers ......................................................................................... 230
7.5 Graft Copolymers .......................................................................................... 232
7.6 Elastomers ..................................................................................................... 233
7.7 Thermoplastic Elastomers ............................................................................. 236
7.8 Blends ............................................................................................................ 237
7.8.1 Immiscible Blends ............................................................................ 238
7.8.2 Miscible Blends ................................................................................ 239
7.9 Fluoroelastomers ........................................................................................... 241
7.10 Nitrile Rubber ................................................................................................ 241
7.11 Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene Terpolymers ............................................ 242
7.12 EPDM Rubber ............................................................................................... 243
7.13 Networks—General....................................................................................... 243
7.14 Polymer Mixtures ..........................................................................................244
7.15 Dendrites ....................................................................................................... 245
7.16 Ionomers ........................................................................................................ 247
7.17 Viscosity Modifiers ....................................................................................... 249
7.18 Summary ....................................................................................................... 251
Glossary .................................................................................................................... 252
Exercises ................................................................................................................... 253
Additional Reading .................................................................................................. 254

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 xiv Contents

Chapter 8 Composites and Fillers ............................................................................................. 257

8.1 Fillers ............................................................................................................. 257
8.2 Types of Composites...................................................................................... 259
8.3 Long-Fiber Composites—Theory..................................................................260
8.4 Fibers and Resins........................................................................................... 262
8.5 Long-Fiber Composites—Applications .........................................................264
8.6 Nanocomposites............................................................................................. 268
8.7 Fabrication ..................................................................................................... 270
8.7.1 Processing of Fiber-Reinforced Composites .................................... 271
8.7.2 Structural Composites ...................................................................... 271
8.7.3 Laminating ....................................................................................... 272
8.7.4 Particulate......................................................................................... 272
8.8 Metal-Matrix Composites.............................................................................. 272
8.9 Summary ....................................................................................................... 276
Glossary .................................................................................................................... 276
Exercises ................................................................................................................... 277
Additional Reading .................................................................................................. 277

Chapter 9 Naturally Occurring Polymers—Plants ................................................................... 279

9.1 Polysaccharides .............................................................................................280
9.2 Cellulose ........................................................................................................ 282
9.3 Paper ..............................................................................................................284
9.4 Cellulose-Regenerating Processes ................................................................. 286
9.5 Esters and Ethers of Cellulose ....................................................................... 288
9.5.1 Inorganic Esters................................................................................ 288
9.5.2 Organic Esters .................................................................................. 288
9.5.3 Organic Ethers..................................................................................290
9.6 Starch ............................................................................................................. 292
9.7 Homopolysaccharides.................................................................................... 294
9.7.1 Fructans ............................................................................................ 296
9.7.2 Chitin and Chitosan.......................................................................... 297
9.7.3 Others ............................................................................................... 298
9.8 Heteropolysaccharides ................................................................................... 299
9.9 Synthetic Rubbers ..........................................................................................302
9.10 Naturally Occurring Polyisoprenes ...............................................................307
9.11 Resins ............................................................................................................ 310
9.12 Balloons ......................................................................................................... 311
9.13 Lignin ............................................................................................................ 312
9.14 Melanins ........................................................................................................ 313
9.15 Asphalt ........................................................................................................... 315
9.16 Summary ....................................................................................................... 315
Glossary .................................................................................................................... 316
Exercises ................................................................................................................... 317
Additional Reading .................................................................................................. 318

Chapter 10 Naturally Occurring Polymers—Animals ............................................................... 321

10.1 Proteins .......................................................................................................... 322
10.2 Levels of Protein Structure ............................................................................ 325

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 Contents xv

10.2.1 Primary Structure............................................................................. 326

10.2.2 Secondary Structure ......................................................................... 326
10.2.3 Keratines .......................................................................................... 327
10.2.3.1 Silk .................................................................................... 329
10.2.3.2 Wool .................................................................................. 330
10.2.4 Collagen............................................................................................ 331
10.2.5 Elastin ............................................................................................... 332
10.2.6 Tertiary Structure ............................................................................. 332
10.2.7 Globular Proteins ............................................................................. 332
10.2.8 Fibrous Proteins................................................................................ 334
10.2.9 Membrane Proteins .......................................................................... 335
10.2.10 Quaternary Structure........................................................................ 335
10.3 Nucleic Acids ................................................................................................. 338
10.4 Flow of Biological Information ..................................................................... 342
10.5 RNA Interference ..........................................................................................344
10.6 Polymer Structure ..........................................................................................346
10.7 Protein Folding .............................................................................................. 349
10.8 Genetic Engineering ...................................................................................... 351
10.9 DNA Profiling ............................................................................................... 354
10.10 Human Genome—General............................................................................ 356
10.11 Chromosomes ................................................................................................ 361
10.12 Spliceosomes ................................................................................................. 372
10.13 Proteomics ..................................................................................................... 373
10.14 Protein Site Activity Identification ................................................................ 374
10.15 Summary ....................................................................................................... 375
Glossary .................................................................................................................... 375
Exercises ................................................................................................................... 378
Additional Reading .................................................................................................. 379

Chapter 11 Organometallic and Inorganic–Organic Polymers .................................................. 381

11.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 381
11.2 Inorganic Reaction Mechanisms ................................................................... 383
11.3 Condensation Organometallic Polymers ....................................................... 384
11.3.1 Polysiloxanes .................................................................................... 385
11.3.2 Organotin and Related Condensation Polymers............................... 388
11.4 Coordination Polymers .................................................................................. 390
11.4.1 Platinum-Containing Polymers ........................................................ 392
11.5 Addition Polymers ......................................................................................... 393
11.5.1 Ferrocene-Containing and Related Polymers .................................. 395
11.5.2 Polyphosphazenes and Related Polymers ........................................ 397
11.5.3 Boron-Containing Polymers............................................................. 398
11.6 Ion-Exchange Resins ..................................................................................... 399
11.7 Summary ....................................................................................................... 401
Glossary .................................................................................................................... 401
Exercises ................................................................................................................... 401
Additional Reading ..................................................................................................402

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 xvi Contents

Chapter 12 Inorganic Polymers ..................................................................................................405

12.1Introduction ...................................................................................................405
12.2Portland Cement ............................................................................................405
12.3Other Cements ...............................................................................................408
12.4Silicates..........................................................................................................408
12.4.1 Network ............................................................................................ 411
12.4.2 Layer ................................................................................................. 411
12.4.3 Chain ................................................................................................ 412
12.5 Silicon Dioxide (Amorphous) ........................................................................ 412
12.6 Kinds of Amorphous Glass ........................................................................... 415
12.7 Safety Glass ................................................................................................... 416
12.8 Lenses ............................................................................................................ 418
12.9 Sol-Gel ........................................................................................................... 420
12.10 Aerogels ......................................................................................................... 421
12.11 Silicon Dioxide (Crystalline Forms)—Quartz Forms ................................... 423
12.12 Silicon Dioxide in Electronic Chips .............................................................. 424
12.13 Silicon Dioxide in Optical Fibers .................................................................. 425
12.14 Asbestos ......................................................................................................... 426
12.15 Fly Ash and Aluminosilicates ....................................................................... 427
12.16 Polymeric Carbon—Diamond ....................................................................... 429
12.17 Polymeric Carbon—Graphite ....................................................................... 429
12.18 Internal Cyclization—Carbon Fibers and Related Materials........................ 431
12.19 Carbon Nanotubes ......................................................................................... 432
12.19.1 Structures ......................................................................................... 433
12.20 Bitumens ........................................................................................................ 438
12.21 Carbon Black ................................................................................................. 439
12.22 Polysulfur ......................................................................................................440
12.23 Ceramics ........................................................................................................ 441
12.24 High-Temperature Superconductors .............................................................. 443
12.24.1 Discovery of the 123-Compound ..................................................... 443
12.24.2 Structure of the 123-Compound....................................................... 443
12.25 Zeolites .......................................................................................................... 443
12.26 Summary ....................................................................................................... 445
Glossary ....................................................................................................................446
Exercises ................................................................................................................... 447
Additional Reading ..................................................................................................448

Chapter 13 Testing and Spectrometric Characterization of Polymers........................................449

13.1 Spectronic Characterization of Polymers ...................................................... 450
13.1.1 Infrared Spectroscopy ...................................................................... 450
13.1.2 Raman Spectroscopy ........................................................................ 451
13.1.3 NMR Spectroscopy .......................................................................... 451
13.1.4 NMR Applications ........................................................................... 453
13.1.5 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ............................ 454
13.1.6 X-Ray Spectroscopy ......................................................................... 454
13.2 Surface Characterization ............................................................................... 454
13.2.1 Auger Electron Spectroscopy and X-Ray Photoelectron
Spectroscopy .................................................................................... 455
13.2.2 Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy ........................................ 455

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 Contents xvii

13.2.3 Electron Microscopy ........................................................................ 456

13.2.4 SPM .................................................................................................. 456
13.2.5 Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy .................................................. 459
13.3 Amorphous Region Determinations .............................................................. 459
13.4 Mass Spectrometry ........................................................................................460
13.5 Thermal Analysis .......................................................................................... 461
13.6 Thermal Property Tests ................................................................................. 463
13.6.1 Softening Range ............................................................................... 463
13.6.2 Heat Deflection Temperature ........................................................... 463
13.6.3 Glass Transition Temperatures .........................................................464
13.6.4 Thermal Conductivity ......................................................................465
13.6.5 Thermal Expansion ..........................................................................466
13.7 Flammability .................................................................................................466
13.8 Electrical Properties: Theory ........................................................................466
13.9 Electric Measurements ..................................................................................469
13.9.1 Dielectric Constant ...........................................................................469
13.9.2 Electrical Resistance ........................................................................ 470
13.9.3 Dissipation Factor and Power Loss .................................................. 470
13.9.4 Electrical Conductivity and Dielectric Strength .............................. 470
13.10 Optical Properties Tests................................................................................. 472
13.10.1 Index of Refraction ......................................................................... 472
13.10.2 Optical Clarity ................................................................................ 473
13.10.3 Absorption and Reflectance ............................................................ 473
13.11 Weatherability ............................................................................................... 473
13.12 Chemical Resistance...................................................................................... 474
13.13 Measurement of Particle Size ........................................................................ 475
13.14 Measurement of Adhesion ............................................................................. 476
13.15 Permeability and Diffusion ........................................................................... 477
13.16 Summary ....................................................................................................... 478
Glossary .................................................................................................................... 479
Exercises ...................................................................................................................480
Additional Reading ..................................................................................................480

Chapter 14 Rheology and Physical Tests .................................................................................... 483

14.1 Rheology........................................................................................................ 483
14.1.1 Rheology and Physical Tests ............................................................ 486
14.1.2 Response Time ................................................................................. 489
14.2 Typical Stress–Strain Behavior ..................................................................... 489
14.3 Stress–Strain Relationships ........................................................................... 492
14.4 Specific Physical Tests ................................................................................... 494
14.4.1 Tensile Strength ................................................................................ 494
14.4.2 Tensile Strength of Inorganic and Metallic Fibers and Whiskers.... 496
14.4.3 Compressive Strength....................................................................... 497
14.4.4 Impact Strength ................................................................................ 497
14.4.5 Hardness ........................................................................................... 499
14.4.5.1 Brinell Hardness ............................................................... 499
14.4.5.2 Rockwell Hardness ........................................................... 499
14.4.6 Shear Strength .................................................................................. 501
14.4.7 Abrasion Resistance ......................................................................... 501
14.4.8 Failure............................................................................................... 501

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 xviii Contents

14.5 Summary ....................................................................................................... 502

Glossary .................................................................................................................... 503
Exercises ...................................................................................................................504
Additional Reading ..................................................................................................504

Chapter 15 Additives...................................................................................................................507
15.1 Plasticizers .....................................................................................................507
15.2 Antioxidants .................................................................................................. 511
15.3 Heat Stabilizers ............................................................................................. 512
15.4 UV Stabilizers ............................................................................................... 513
15.5 Flame Retardants........................................................................................... 513
15.6 Colorants........................................................................................................ 515
15.7 Curing Agents................................................................................................ 515
15.8 Antistatic Agents—Antistats ......................................................................... 516
15.9 Chemical Blowing Agents ............................................................................. 516
15.10 Compatibilizers ............................................................................................. 517
15.11 Impact Modifiers ........................................................................................... 517
15.12 Processing Aids ............................................................................................. 517
15.13 Lubricants ...................................................................................................... 517
15.14 Microorganism Inhibitors.............................................................................. 517
15.15 Summary ....................................................................................................... 518
Glossary .................................................................................................................... 518
Exercises ................................................................................................................... 519
Additional Reading .................................................................................................. 520

Chapter 16 Reactions on Polymers ............................................................................................. 521

16.1Reactions with Polyolefines and Polyenes ..................................................... 521
16.2Reactions of Aromatic and Aliphatic Pendant Groups ................................. 522
16.3Degradation ................................................................................................... 523
16.4Cross-Linking ................................................................................................ 525
16.5Reactivities of End Groups ............................................................................ 527
16.6Supramolecules and Self-Assembly .............................................................. 528
16.7Transfer and Retention of Oxygen ................................................................. 535
16.8Nature’s Macromolecular Catalysts............................................................... 538
16.9Photosynthesis ............................................................................................... 543
16.9.1 Purple Photosynthetic Bacteria ........................................................544
16.9.2 Green Sulfur Bacteria ...................................................................... 545
16.10 Mechanisms of Physical Energy Absorption ................................................546
16.11 Breakage of Polymeric Materials .................................................................. 548
16.12 Summary ....................................................................................................... 549
Glossary .................................................................................................................... 550
Exercises ................................................................................................................... 550
Additional Reading .................................................................................................. 551

Chapter 17 Synthesis of Reactants and Intermediates for Polymers .......................................... 553

17.1 Monomer Synthesis from Basic Feedstocks .................................................. 553
17.2 Reactants for Step-Reaction Polymerization ................................................. 558
17.3 Synthesis of Vinyl Monomers .......................................................................564

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 Contents xix

17.4 Synthesis of Free Radical Initiators .............................................................. 569

17.5 Summary ....................................................................................................... 571
Glossary .................................................................................................................... 571
Exercises ................................................................................................................... 571
Additional Reading .................................................................................................. 572

Chapter 18 Polymer Technology ................................................................................................. 573

18.1 Polymer Processing ....................................................................................... 573
18.2 Secondary Structures—Mesophases ............................................................. 575
18.3 Fibers ............................................................................................................. 576
18.3.1 Polymer Processing—Spinning and Fiber Production .................... 576
18.3.1.1 Introduction ...................................................................... 576
18.3.2 Melt Spinning ................................................................................... 577
18.3.3 Dry Spinning .................................................................................... 579
18.3.4 Wet Spinning .................................................................................... 579
18.3.5 Other Spinning Processes ................................................................ 580
18.4 Nonspinning Fiber Production ...................................................................... 581
18.4.1 Natural Fibers ................................................................................... 581
18.5 Elastomers ..................................................................................................... 582
18.5.1 Elastomer Processing ....................................................................... 582
18.6 Films and Sheets............................................................................................ 584
18.6.1 Calendering ...................................................................................... 585
18.7 Polymeric Foams ........................................................................................... 586
18.8 Reinforced Plastics (Composites) and Laminates ......................................... 586
18.8.1 Composites ....................................................................................... 586
18.8.1.1 Particle-Reinforced Composites—Large-Particle
Composites ...................................................................... 587
18.8.1.2 Fiber-Reinforced Composites ........................................... 588
18.8.1.3 Processing of Fiber-Reinforced Composites .................... 588
18.8.1.4 Structural Composites ...................................................... 589
18.8.2 Laminating ....................................................................................... 589
18.9 Molding ......................................................................................................... 590
18.9.1 Injection Molding ............................................................................. 590
18.9.2 Blow Molding ................................................................................... 592
18.9.3 Rotational Molding........................................................................... 594
18.9.4 Compression and Transfer Molding ................................................. 594
18.9.5 Thermoforming ................................................................................ 596
18.10 Casting ........................................................................................................... 598
18.11 Extrusion ....................................................................................................... 598
18.12 Coatings ......................................................................................................... 599
18.12.1 Processing ....................................................................................... 601
18.12.1.1 Rainwear .......................................................................603
18.13 Adhesives .......................................................................................................603
18.14 Summary .......................................................................................................608
Glossary ....................................................................................................................609
Exercises ................................................................................................................... 610
Additional Reading .................................................................................................. 611

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 xx Contents

Chapter 19 Selected Topics ......................................................................................................... 613

19.1 Conductive Polymeric Materials ................................................................... 613
19.1.1 Photoconductive and Photonic Polymers ......................................... 613
19.1.2 Electrically Conductive Polymers .................................................... 614
19.1.3 Nanowires......................................................................................... 620
19.2 Nonlinear Optical Behavior .......................................................................... 621
19.3 Photophysics and Photochemistry—Basics................................................... 622
19.4 Drug Design and Activity.............................................................................. 628
19.5 Synthetic Biomedical Polymers..................................................................... 630
19.5.1 Dentistry ........................................................................................... 634
19.6 Sutures ........................................................................................................... 636
19.7 Geotextiles ..................................................................................................... 641
19.8 Smart Materials ............................................................................................. 642
19.9 High-Performance Thermoplastics ............................................................... 643
19.10 Construction and Building ............................................................................ 645
19.11 Flame-Resistant Textiles ............................................................................... 647
19.12 Water-Soluble Polymers ................................................................................648
19.13 Anaerobic Adhesives ..................................................................................... 649
19.14 Hydrogels ....................................................................................................... 652
19.15 Emerging Polymers ....................................................................................... 652
19.16 Green Materials ............................................................................................. 657
19.17 New Materials—Additional Aspects ............................................................ 661
19.18 Summary ....................................................................................................... 663
Glossary ....................................................................................................................664
Exercises ...................................................................................................................664
Additional Reading .................................................................................................. 665

Chapter 20 Solutions ................................................................................................................... 667

Appendix A Symbols ................................................................................................................. 693
Appendix B Trade Names .......................................................................................................... 699
Appendix C Syllabus ................................................................................................................. 729
Appendix D Polymer Core Course Committees ........................................................................ 731
Appendix E Structures of Common Polymers .......................................................................... 733
Appendix F Mathematical Values and Units ............................................................................. 739
Appendix G Comments on Health ............................................................................................. 743
G.1 Fire................................................................................................................. 743
G.2 Measures of Toxicity ..................................................................................... 743
G.3 Cumulative Effects ........................................................................................ 743
G.4 Environment .................................................................................................. 744
Appendix H ISO 9000 and 14000.............................................................................................. 745
Appendix I Electronic Education Web Sites ............................................................................ 747
Appendix J Stereogeometry of Polymers ................................................................................. 749
Appendix K Statistical Treatment of Measurements ................................................................. 757
Appendix L Combinatorial Chemistry ...................................................................................... 759

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 Contents xxi

Appendix M Polymerization Reactors ........................................................................................ 761

M.1 Batch .............................................................................................................. 761
M.2 Plug Flow (Tubular) ....................................................................................... 762
M.3 Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor .................................................................. 762
Appendix N Material Selection Charts ...................................................................................... 765
Index .............................................................................................................................................. 767

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K10478.indb xxii 9/14/2010 3:35:44 PM
 Polymer Nomenclature

As with most disciplines, the system followed for naming or defining things is important. Here we
will focus on naming polymers with emphasis on synthetic polymers. Short presentations on how
to name proteins and nucleic acids are provided in Chapter 4 and those for nylons are provided in
Chapter 5.
The fact that synthetic polymer science grew up in many venues before nomenclature groups
were present to assist in standardization of the naming approach resulted in many popular polymers
having several names including common names. Many polymer scientists have not yet accepted the
guidelines given by the official naming committee of the International Union of Pure and Applied
Chemistry, IUPAC, because the common names have gained such widespread acceptance. Although
there is a wide diversity in the practice of naming polymers, we will concentrate on the most utilized
systems.

COMMON NAMES
Little rhyme or reason is associated with many of the common names of polymers. Some names
are derived from the place of origin of the material, such as Hevea brasilliensis— literally “rubber
from Brazil”—for natural rubber. Other polymers were named after their discoverer, as is Bakelite,
the three-dimensional polymer produced by condensation of phenol and formaldehyde, which was
commercialized by Leo Baekeland in 1905.
For some important groups of polymers, special names and systems of nomenclature were devel-
oped. For instance, the nylons were named according to the number of carbons in the diamine and
dicarboxylic acid reactants used in their synthesis. The nylon produced by the condensation of 1,6-
hexamethylenediamine (six carbons) and adipic acid (six carbons) is called nylon-66. Even here,
there is not a set standard as to how nylon-66 is to be written with alternatives including nylon 66
and nylon-6,6.

OH

NH2 OH
H2N + O

OH
O

NH R

R
NH n

OH
Nylon-6,6

SOURCE-BASED NAMES
Most common names are source based, that is, they are based on the common name of the reactant
monomer, preceded by the prefix “poly.” For example, polystyrene is the most frequently used name
for the polymer derived from the monomer 1-phenylethene, which has the common name styrene.

xxiii

K10478.indb xxiii 9/14/2010 3:35:44 PM

 xxiv Polymer Nomenclature

R
H2C
R n

Styrene Polystyrene

The vast majority of commercial polymers based on the vinyl group (H2C=CHX) or the vinyli-
dene group (H2C=CX2) as the repeat unit are known by their source-based names. Thus, polyethyl-
ene is the name of the polymer synthesized from the monomer ethylene; poly(vinyl chloride) from
the monomer vinyl chloride, and poly(methyl methacrylate) from methyl methacrylate.
Many condensation polymers are also named in this manner. In the case of poly(ethylene tere-
phthalate), the glycol portion of the name of the monomer, ethylene glycol, is used in constructing
the polymer name, so that the name is actually a hybrid of a source-based and a structure-based
name.

O
OH HO O
O O
⫹
HO O OH
O nR

Poly(ethylene terephthalate)

This polymer is well known by a number of trade names, such as Dacron, its common grouping,
polyester, and by an abbreviation PET or PETE.
Although it is often suggested that parentheses be used in naming polymers of more than one word
[like poly(vinyl chloride)], but not for single word-polymers (like polyethylene), some authors entirely
omit the use of parentheses for either case (like polyvinyl chloride) so even here there exists a variety
of practices. We will employ the use of parentheses for naming polymers of more than one word.
Copolymers are composed of two or more monomers. Source-based names are conveniently
employed to describe copolymers using an appropriate term between the names of the monomers.
Any of the half dozen or so connecting terms may be used depending on what is known about the
structure of the copolymer. When no information is known or intended to be conveyed the connec-
tive term “co” is employed in the general format poly(A-co-B), where A and B are the names of
the two monomers. An unspecified copolymer of styrene and methyl methacrylate would be called
poly[styrene-co(methyl methacrylate)].
Kraton, the yellow rubber-like material often found on the bottom of running shoes, is a copol-
ymer whose structural information is known. It is formed from a group of styrene units, that is, a
“block” of polystyrene attached to a group of butadiene units, or a block of polybutadiene, which is
attached to another block of polystyrene forming a triblock copolymer. The general representation
of such a block might be –AAAAAAAABBBBBBBAAAAAAAA–, where each A and B repre-
sents an individual monomer unit. The proper source-based name for Kraton is polystyrene-block-
polybutadiene-block-polystyrene, or poly-block-styrene-block-polybutadiene-block-polystyrene with
the prefix “poly” being retained for each block. Again, some authors will omit the “poly” use, giving
polystyrene-block-butadiene-block-styrene.

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 Polymer Nomenclature xxv

STRUCTURE-BASED NAMES
Although source-based names are generally employed for simple polymers, IUPAC has published a
number of reports for naming polymers. These reports are being widely accepted for the naming of
complex polymers. A listing of such reports is given in the references section. A listing of source-
and structure-based names for some common polymers is given in Table 1.

LINKAGE-BASED NAMES
Many polymer “families” are referred to by the name of the particular linkage that connects the
polymers (Table 2). The family name is “poly” followed by the linkage name. Thus, those polymers
that contain an ester linkage are known as polyesters; those with an ether linkage are called poly-
ethers, and so on.

TABLE 1
Source and Structure-Based Names
Source-Based Names Structure-Based Names
Polyacrylonitrile Poly(1-cyanoethylene)
Poly(ethylene oxide) Polyoxyethylene
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) Polyoxyethyleneoxyterephthaloyl
Polyisobutylene Poly(1,1-dimethylethylene)
Poly(methyl methacrylate) Poly[(1-methoxycarbonyl)-1-metylethylene]
Polypropylene Poly(1methylethylene)
Polystyrene Poly(1-phenylethylene)
Polytetrafluoroethylene Polydifluoromethylene
Poly(vinylacetate) Poly(1-acetoxyethylene)
Poly(vinyl alcohol) Poly(1-hydroxyethylene)
Poly(vinyl chloride) Poly(1-chloroethylene)
Poly(vinyl butyral) Poly[(2-propyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diyl)methylene]

TABLE 2
Linkage-Based Names
Family Name Linkage Family Name Linkage

O
||
Polyamide −N−C− Polyvinyl −C−C−
O O O
|| || ||
Polyester −O−C− Polyanhydride −C−O−C−
O H H O H
|| | | || |
Polyurethane −O−C−N− Polyurea −N−C−N−
O
||
Polyether −O− Polycarbonate −O−C−O−
Polysiloxane −O−Si− Polysulfide −S−

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 xxvi Polymer Nomenclature

TRADE NAMES, BRAND NAMES, AND ABBREVIATIONS

Trade (and/or brand) names and abbreviations are often used to describe a particular material or
a group of materials. They may be used to identify the product of a manufacturer, processor, or
fabricator, and may be associated with a particular product or with a material or modified mate-
rial, or a material grouping. Tradenames (or trade names) are used to describe specific groups of
materials that are produced by a specific company or under license of that company. Bakelite is the
tradename given for the phenol-formaldehyde condensation developed by Baekeland. A sweater
whose contents are described as containing Orlon contains polyacrylonitrile fibers that are “pro-
tected” under the Orlon trademark and produced or licensed to be produced by the holder of the
Orlon trademark. Carina, Cobex, Dacovin, Darvic, Elvic, Geon, Koroseal, Marvinol, Mipolam,
Opalon, Pliofex, Rucon, Solvic, Trulon, Velon, Vinoflex, Vygen, and Vyram are all tradenames for
poly(vinyl chloride) manufactured by different companies. Some polymers are better known by
their tradename than their generic name. For instance, polytetrafluoroethylene is better known as
Teflon, the tradename held by Dupont.
Abbreviations, generally initials in capital letters, are also employed to describe polymers.
Table 3 contains a listing of some of the more widely used abbreviations and the polymer associated
with the abbreviation.

CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS-BASED POLYMER NOMENCLATURE

The most complete indexing of any scientific discipline is done in chemistry and is done by chemi-
cal abstracts (CA). Almost all of the modern searching tools for chemicals and chemical informa-
tion are based on CA for at least some of its information base. It is critical for polymer chemists
to have some grasp of how CA names chemical compounds. The full description of the guidelines
governing the naming of chemical compounds and related properties is given in Appendix IV at
the end of the CA Index Guide. This description is about 200 pages. While small changes are made
with each new edition, the main part has remained largely unchanged since about 1972. Today,
there are computer programs, including that associated with SciFinder Scholar, that names materi-
als once the structure is given. For small molecules this is straight forward, but for polymers care
must be taken. Experiment with simple polymers before moving to more complex macromolecules.
If the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) # is known, this can be entered and names investigated for
appropriateness for your use.

TABLE 3
Abbreviations for Selected Polymeric Materials
Abbreviation Polymer Abbreviation Polymer
ABS Acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene terpolymer CA Cellulose acetate
EP Epoxy HIPS High-impact polystyrene
MF Melamine-formaldehyde PAA Poly(acrylic acid)
PAN Polyacrylonitrile SBR Butadiene–styrene copolymer
PBT Poly(butylene terephthalate) PC Polycarbonate
PE Polyethylene PET Poly(ethylene terephthalate)
PF Phenyl-formaldehyde PMMA Poly(methyl methacrylate)
PP Polypropylene PPO Poly(phenylene oxide)
PS Polystyrene PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
PU Polyurethane PVA, PVAc Poly(vinyl acetate)
PVA,PVAl Poly(vinyl alcohol) PVB Poly(vinyl butyral)
PVC Poly(vinyl chloride) SAN Styrene–acrylonitrile
UF Urea-formaldehyde

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 Polymer Nomenclature xxvii

CA organizes the naming of materials into twelve major arrangements that tie together about 200
subtopics. These main topic headings are as follows:

A. Nomenclature systems and general principles

B. Molecular skeletons
C. Principle chemical groups
D. Compound classes
E. Stereochemistry and stereoparents
F. Specialized substances
G. Chemical substance names for retrospective searches
H. Illustrative list of substitute prefixes
J. Selective bibliography of nomenclature of chemical substances
K. Chemical prefixes
L. Chemical structural diagrams from CA Index Names
M. Index

The section dealing with polymers is subtopic 222. Polymers. The subsection dealing with polymers
builds on the foundations given before and thus some of the guidelines appear to be confusing and
counterproductive to the naming of polymers but the rules were developed for the naming of small
molecules. Following is a description of the guidelines that are most important to polymer chemists.
Additional descriptions are found in the CA Appendix IV itself and in articles given in the readings.
The Appendix IV concentrates on linear polymers. A discussion of other more complex polymeric
materials is also found in articles cited in the readings section.

GENERAL RULES
In searching the chemical literature, in particular systems based on CA, searches for particular
polymers can be conducted using the Chemical Abstract Service Number, CAS # (where known),
or by repeat unit. The IUPAC and CAS have agreed upon a set of guidelines for the identification,
orientation, and naming of polymers based on the structural repeat unit (SRU). IUPAC names poly-
mers as “poly(constitutional repeat unit)” while CAS utilizes a “poly(structural repeating unit).”
These two approaches typically give similar results.
Here we will practice using the sequence “identification, orientation, and naming” first by giving
some general principles and finally by using specific examples.
In the identification step, the structure is drawn, usually employing at least two repeat units.
Next, in the orientation step, the guidelines are applied. Here we will concentrate on basic guide-
lines. Within these guidelines are subsets of guidelines that are beyond our scope.
Structures will be generally drawn in the order, from left to right, in which they are to be named.

SENIORITY
The starting point for the naming of a polymer unit involves determining seniority among the subunits.
A. This order is
Heterocyclic rings>
Greatest number of most preferred acyclic heteroatoms>
Carbocyclic rings>
Greatest number of multiple bonds>
Lowest or closest route (or lowest locant) to these substituents>
Chains containing only carbon atoms
with the symbol “>“ indicating “is senior to.”

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 xxviii Polymer Nomenclature

This is illustrated below:

Heterocyclic ring > Acyclic hetero atoms > Carbocyclic rings

> –O – CH2– >

N
H

> Multiple bonds > Lowest locant > Only carbon chains
> –CH=CH– > – CF2 – CHF>– CHF – CF2– > – CH2 – CH2–

This order is partially derived from guidelines found in other sections, such as section 133
Compound Radicals where the ordering is given as

Greatest number of acyclic hetero atoms>

Greatest number of skeletal atoms>
Greatest number of most preferred acyclic hetero atoms>
Greatest number of multiple bonds>
Lowest locants or shortest distance to nonsaturated carbons

The lowest locant or shortest distance refers to the number of atoms from one senior subunit to the
next most senior subunit when there is only one occurrence of the senior subunit.
This order refers to the backbone and not to the substitutions. Thus, polystyrene and poly(vinyl
chloride) are contained within the “chains containing only carbon atoms” grouping.
B. For ring systems the overall seniority is
Heterocyclic>
Carbocyclic
but within the rings there is also an ordering (Section 138) that is
Nitrogenous heterocyclic>
Heterocyclic>
Largest number of rings>
Cyclic system occurring earliest in the following list of systems; spiro, bridged fused, bridges
nonfused, fused>
Largest individual ring (applies to fused carbocyclic systems)>
Greatest number of ring atoms

For example,

Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic >Heterocyclic >Carbocyclic

H
N O

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 Polymer Nomenclature xxix

and

8-Membered ring >7-Membered ring >6-Membered ring >5-Membered ring

and

>

C. For hetero-atomed linear chains or cyclic rings, the order of seniority is O> S> Se> Te>
N> P> As> Sb> Bi> Si> Ge> Sn> Pb> B> Hg
Thus, because –O–CH2– is senior to –S–CH2–, it would be named first in a polymer that contained
both –O–CH2– and –S–CH2– segments. Further, a polymer containing these alternating units would
not be poly(thiomethyleneoxymethylene) but would be named poly(oxymethylenethiomethylene).
Another example,

O
—
—

−(−O−C−CH2−)n−

is named poly[oxy(1-oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)] or less preferred poly[oxy(1-oxoethylene)] but not poly[(2-

oxo-1,2-ethanediyl)oxy] or poly[(2-oxoethylene)oxy].
D. Unsaturation is senior to saturation. The more it is unsaturated the more senior it is with
all other items being equal. Thus 1,4-phenylene is senior to 2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4diyl,
which in turn is senior to 2-cyclohexene-1,4-diyl, which is senior to cyclohexane-1,4diyl.
For linear chains –CH=CH–CH=CH– is senior to –CH=CH–CH2–CH2–, which is in turn
senior to the totally saturated chain segment.

ROUTE
A. From the senior subunit determined from “Seniority” take the shortest path (smallest num-
ber of atoms) to another like or identical unit or to the next most preferred subunit. Thus,
for the homo polymer poly(oxymethylene) it is simply going from one oxygen to the next
oxygen and recognizing that this is the repeat unit. For a more complex ether this means
going until the chain begins to repeat itself going in the shortest direction from the senior
unit or atom to the next most senior unit or atom.
Thus, –O–C–C–O–C–C–C– is named “oxy-1,2-ethanediyloxy-1,3propanedily” rather
than “oxy-1,3-propanediyloxy-1,2-ethanediyl.”

B. Where the paths are equal, such as in some nylons, the repeat unit is named so that the
heteroatom “N” is first named and then more highly substituted (carbonyl) unit appears
next. Thus, nylon 3,3, with the structure

K10478.indb xxix 9/14/2010 3:35:47 PM

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RCAF h 529 Deloraine av (N Y) —Virginia Mrs kitchen hlpr W & A
Gilbey r 1021 Edgeley av ( Lakeview) —Walter foremn McFarlane-
Gendron h 718 Hillsdale av east —Walter T elk Shell Oil h 123 Lake
Shore rd (Etob) —Walter W ftr Gas Co h 87i Watson av (Y T) — Wm
buffer Can Steel h 5, 100 Twenty-Fifth (L B) — Wm commnr h 406
Arlington av (Y T) — Wm drvr Consolidated Transp h 615 Wellington
w — Wm plstr h 184 Belsize dr — Wm toolmkr Rolled Metal h 76
Trowell av (Y T) — Wm C dist rep Star r 118 William e (Oshawa) —
Wm E installation foremn Bell Tel h 57 Montgomery avenue — Wm J
H prof engineer Law Constn h 54 Burnhamthorpe Pk blvd (Etob) —
Wm M h 633 Balliol — Wm P asst suprvsr Colgord Invest h B1A,
3017 Queen e (Scar) — Wm T h 61 Coleridge av (E Y) — Wm T
foremn Loblaws h 8 Colfax (Y T) — Wm T packing servicemn Conti
Can h 11 Mountalan av — Wm V slsmn Modern Housewares r 21
Manhattan dr (Scar) Hawkridge Grace slsldy Grimsby Wines Ltd r
315 Sheppard av w (N Y) —Leonard mach Orenda Engines h 43
Harding av (N Y) Hawkrigg Bros (Geo C & Nelson Hawkrigg) genl
contrs 245 Islington av s (Etob) — Geo. C (Hawkrigg Bros) h 245
Islington av s (Etob) — Marg emp Bell Tel r 11 Verbena av (Swan) —
Nelson (Hawkrigg Bros) h 4749 Dundas w (Etob) — Wm L admitting
& discharge officer Workmen's Compensation Bd r 4 Saskatoon
(Etob) Hawks Gordon M D bacteriologist St Michael's Hosp h 116
Ridge dr — Harry mach Anaconda Amer Brass r 67 ThirtyEighth (L B)
— Shiela H elk Bell Tel r 32 Annesley av Hawksbee Wm A audit
officer Bank of Com h 237 Byng av (N Y) Hawkshaw Allin R credit
acct Simpson Sears (Hamilton) r 64 Wales av — Edwd h 788 Gerrard
e — Jennie A (wid Fred) h 412 St Clarens av — John studt r 226 First
av —John A insulation improver Norman A Smith Co h 88 Coleridge
av (E Y) — John G with Natl Trust h 167 Gough av — Kathleen elk
United Co-Op h 109, 109 Erskine av —Mary (wid Fred) r 12 Howland
rd — Sadie h 798 Carlaw av — Vera Mrs pekr Westons h 301, 295
Sackville — Wm H lab Streets Div (City) h 226 First av Hawksworth
Amy r 53 Sandown av (Scar) — Clifford emp Bell Tel h 86 Cavell av
(Mim) —Raymond emp Northern Pigment h 6 Cavell av (Mim) —
Ruby h 121 Kenwood av (Y T) Hawkyard Frank P customs elk S G
Benness Ltd h 307, 98 Elmer av —Rowland H sis instructor TCA h 5
Clearbrooke circle (Etob) Hawland H h 503 , 262 Jarvis ♦Hawley, see
also Holley and Hollie — Alex J parts wholesale roadmn Anderson
Pontiac GMC h 42 Doris dr (E Y) — Betty Mrs r 77 Edwin av — Carl
sis elk Candn Tire r 150 High Pk av — Carl H wldr Standard Iron &
Steel h 1349 Dundas w — Chas drvr Bloor Taxi h 34, 196 Wellesley e
— Chas polisher Supreme Aluminum Industries h 123 Bexhill av
(Scar) —Chas supt constn Turnbull Elev h 235 Brighton av (N Y) —
Chas trk drvr Johnson's Haulage h 31 Matilda — Dan elect Turnbull
Elev r 235 Brighton av (N Y) — David H chief of comml operations C
N Tel res Oakville —David W with Tor Hydro h 161 Emerson av — E
Jas engineer's asst Metro Tor h 191 Florence av (NY) — Edwd C lab
Loblaws h 37 Munro — Edwin A engineer CNR h 16 Bertmount av —
Elizth Mrs parceller Eatons r 60 Doncaster av (E Y) —Frank B
customs officer h 218, 155 Balmoral av —Geo W h 15 Sidney —
Gerald G wks acct Underwood Ltd h 18 Warland av (E Y) — Gisella
(wid Wm J) h 13 Lonsdale rd —Gladys Mrs emp Etob Municipal
Office h 18 Smithfield dr (Etob) —Gordon A with Underwood Ltd r
105 Broadlands blvd (Don Mills) — Harold R elk Ont Hydro r 161
Emesson av — Harry G insp supt Candn Standards Assoc h 29 Royal
York rd s (Etob) — Haydon plstr h 231 Bowood av —Hazel h 276
Durie — Hugh J with Tor Hydro h 12 Thompson — I Miss r 95
Roxborough e — J Allen h 210 Pickering — Jas tire mkr Goodyear
Tire r 4 Aspen av (E Y) — John apprentice O'Keefe's r 9, 26 Oakburn
pi (Willowdale) — John wldr Gas Co r 300 Rhodes av —John B lab
asst Sinclair & Valentine Co h 9, 4 Pell (Scar) — John C elk Bank of
Com h 246 Evelyn av — John S h 52 Imperial —John W vice-
president Carmichael Heat & Power Ltd h 68 North Hills terr (N Y) —
Kenneth wtr Y6 Ole Tavern h 633 Huron — Leslie A h 9E Glenforest
rd —Lila Mrs r 155 P>arliament — Margt insp CGE r 122 Lauder av
— Margt A ribbon winder Acme Carbon & Ribbon res RR 2 Pickering
—Mariam O Mrs h 106, 2 Sultan —Marie Mrs keypunch opr Bongard
& Co r 5112 Dundas w — Myrtle elk Birks r 276 Durie — Norris M wtr
Walker House Hotel h 4 Aspen av (E Y) — Ralph plant mgr Sinclair &
Valentine Co h 6 Queensgrove rd (Scar) — Robt H elk Ont Hydro r
161 Emerson av — Simon L p c Metro Pol h 269 Shore rd (Scar) —
Sybil Mrs housemaid Anglican Women's Training College r 217 St
George — Timothy slsmn Jacks Carpet r 235 St Clair av w — Wilfred
P asst acct Charles King & Co r 204 Melita av — Wm r 310 Ontario —
Wm lab asst Roxalin of Canada Ltd r 10A Mimico av (Mim) — Wm
prof engineer Powerlite Devices h 10 Hardwood gate (Ths) — Wm G
printing dept mgr Stainton Office Supply h 70 Argyle Hawman Arthur
C trk drvr Star res Dunbarton — Hanna Mrs h 2 Ashton manor (Etob)
— Henry H mech Regent Refining (Canada) h 45 Fairfield av(LB) —
Kenneth S road bldg contr h 20 La Rush dr (Etob) — Margt r D, 95
St Clarens av — Mary E elk Candn Kodak res RR 1 Kleinburg — Ormy
M (G Hawley Walker) h 4 Kirk Bradden rd w (Etob) Hawn Garry
metal wkr h 236 Kingswood rd — Harold M slsmn h 3, 318 The
Kingsway (Etob) — Nelvah L model Beaver Vogue Cloak h 1 Denvale
rd (E Y) ♦Haworth, see also Hawarth, Howarth and Howorth —
Annie (wid Entwistle) h 334 Deloraine av —Arnold engineer A V Roe
h 68 Evelyn av — Audrey bkpg mach opr Ont Hydro r 304, 230
Cosburn av (E Y) — Cecelia h 549 Silverthorn av (Y T) — Colin sheet
metal wkr D H Newman & Co h 304, 230 Cosburn av (E Y) —Dorothy
elk-typist Robertson, Lane, Perrett, Frankish & Estey h 4, 3 Withrow
av — Eric acct exec E G Hirst Ltd h 333 Glen rd — Florence (wid
Frank) h 106 Curzon — Fred emp Massey- Ferguson r 549
Silverthorn av (Y T) — G Wm ctr E S & A Robinson r 42 Miller — Geo
h 141 Christie —Geo engineer Tor Iron Wks r 84 Yorkville av — Geo
shpr Can Radio Corp h 42 Miller — Gordon pub rep Globe & Mail h
572 Pape av — Norman W asst acct Bank of N S h 55 Kirknewton rd
(Y T) —Peter h ill Cluny dr — R Bonar pressmn CGE h 4, 1A Olive av
— Richd J industrial sis mgr Webster & Sons h 308, 787 Vaughan rd
(Y T) — Thos r 229 Gerrard e — Woodrow steelwkr Dom Bridge r
250 Parkview av (Willowdale) Hawrali Jim bus boy King Edwd Hotel r
46 Augusta avenue Hawran Henry K test engineer A V Roe h 209
William (Wstn) Hawranek Hans mech Provincial Butcher Mach h 408,
1535 Bathurst (Y T) Hawrelak Wm ftr Disher Steel h 44 Clinton
Hawrish Fred J lab York Steel h 104, 1 Leila lane (N Y) Hawrwsh
Fred emp CNR r 14 Brookfield Hawrych Nestor emp Swifts h 12 Atkin
av Hawrychuk Mathew M pipe ftr Vipond Sprinklers h 5, 35 Third (N
T) — Michl rubber wkr Goodyear Tire h 204 Alderbrae av (Etob) —
Wm emp CNR h 250 Beta (Etob) Hawrylak John btehr Can Packers h
82 Crawford — Lydia hrdrsr h 365 Parkside dr — Mike r 4 Rusholme
dr — Olga stenog CNR h 3214 Dundas w — Peter dock Direct
Winters h 68 Muir av — Petro trk drvr Lake Simcoe Ice r 61 Lewis
Hawrylez Michl food processor Glenwood Products h 311 Palmerston
blvd Hawrylishyn Peter firemn Streets Div (City) h 232 Symington av
Hawrylk Zina Mrs r 31 Nordin av (Etob) Hawrylkew John (Dundas
Runnymede Supplies) h 6 Viking rd (Etob) Hawrylkiw Dimitro r 74
Laws —Geo mach opr Debutant Shoe h 21 Lomond dr (Etob) —
Orestwils lab opr Columbia Carbon r 21 Lomond dr (Etob) Hawrylko
Michl chauf Ault & Wiborg h 25 Margueretta Hawrylowicz Frank emp
Barwood Sales h 70 Massey Hawryluik Mark elk Dom Stores h 122
Woodrow blvd north (Scar) Hawryluk Alice stenog Natl U S Radiator
Corp r 324 Willard av —Andrew emp Swifts h 336 Quebec av — Ann
r 11 Brookmount rd —Bill emp Dempster's Bread r 61 Harrison —
Fred caster h 6 Newsham — Helen r 27 Euclid av — Ignace h 2
Adelpha dr (Etob) —Jerry elk Ont Hydro h 214 Humberside av —
John r 31 Bright —John emp Toronto Brick h 351 Woburn av —John
lab Braemore Upholstering r 1048 Dovercour —Jules drftsmn Beaver
Engineering h 2100 Stonehouse cres (Port Credit) —Louis E
(Peacock's Hdwre) h 1026-1028 Queen w _ Margarethe Mrs pekr
Simoniz Co Ltd h 1403 Birchmount rd (Scar) —Mike lab Can
Steamship Lines r 198 John 3,obt roofer h 715 Markham raras supt
Massey- Ferguson h 112 Edinborough ct. (Y T) red emp Century
Engineering h 228 Lippincott Wm r 38 Phoebe wrylychyn Peter contr
h 182 Humberside av wrylyshyn Paul tchr Bd of Educ h 81 Foxley
wrylyszyn Dymtro h 60 Follis av wryn John cook Metro Tor h 334
Montrose av Vlike emp CIL h 290 Symington av Nicholas lab Swifts h
128 Evelyn cres Walter emp CIL h 12 Elora rd QO wrys Jean bio-
chemist Connaught Lab h 188 Rnohamnton flV ysch Nicholas techn
Ont Hydro h 16 Indian Rd cres il h 16 Indian Rd cres yschuk John h
208 Franklin av syl mach opr Victory Soya Mills h 109 Givins ysh
Nestor J prof engineer Hinde & Dauch r 4 Ericksdale rd (Etob)
yshkewich Peter (European Marketeria) h 307bt Hawrysio Dmitro
crane opr TTC h 72 Pinewood av (Y T) —Robt comml artist Maple
Leaf Press h 1600 Dufferin Haws Deanna J elk-typist Halifax Ins r
310 N Taylor Mills- (Richmond Hill) — Don artist Art Associates Ltd r
1069 Rebecca (Oakville) HAWS — Donald H Natl Health & Welfare r
37 Cartwright av (N Y) — Frank W trk drvr Hendrick Co h 37
Cartwright av (NY) — J Roy h 147 Fairlawn av —Neville AtpcPOh 383
Montrose av — Ronald W pekr Photo Engravers & Electrotypers Ltd r
36 Sledman (Malton) Hawsen Erik mech Candn Dressed Meat h 10
Edinborough ct (Y T) Hawthorn Jas h 54 Richardson av (Y T) —
Jennie r 271 Spadina rd — Jessie G (wid Martin) h 655 Mortimer av
(E Y) — John foremn Walter Selke h 118 Springdale blvd (E Y) —
John R head elk Dept of Ins h 81 Citadel dr (Scar) — Margt tchr r
434 Clinton — Maxine emp CGE r 348 Main (Etob) — Minnie Mrs h
348 Main (Etob) — Raymond emp J Fraser Plumbing & Heating h
348 Main (Etob) — Ronald O advertising slsmn Northern Miner Press
h 207 Huron (Oshawa) — Wm D jr engineer Bepco Can Ltd h 43
Frimette ct (Scar) — Wm J carp h 434 Clinton Hawthorne Adam supt
h V, 350 St Clair av w — Apartments 44 Huntley —Archie J
maintenancemn Adelaide-Peter Bldgs h 119 Shaw — Arthur G mgr
Candn Foundry Supplies & Equipment h 368 The Kingsway (Etob) —
C Miss elk Confed Life Assn r 99 Robinson av (Scar) —Cecelia bkpr
Ford Home Improvement Eastern Ltd h 15 Jellico av (Etob) —
Donald emp Air Conduit Co h 102 , 470 Dundas e — Donald J elk
North Am Life r 5 Athlone rd (E Y) — Edith M (wid Adam) h 120
Tyrrel av — Eric emp Frigidaire r 119 Shaw — Ernest h 12 Fernbank
av — Ethel r 126 McCaul — Fanny Mrs r 7 Newmarket av — Fredk W
opr TTC h 22 Westwood av (E Y) — Fredk W vice-pres Callard & Co
h 2, 1218 Avenue rd n — H R natl suprvsr B A Oil res RR 1 Oakville
— J Douglas credit mgr Martin-Senour r 123 Lee av — Jas elk A & P
Stores r 2 Harshaw av — Jas suprvsr Excelsior life Ins r 5 Athlone rd
(E Y) —John A opr TTC h 99 Robinson av (Scar) — Jos trk drvr
Canada Cartage System h 5 Athlone rd (E Y) — Lewis opr TTC h 144
Scarborough rd — M June elk Simpsons r 124 Geoffrey — Mathew
city order elk Candn Tire h 104, 1111 Broadview av (E Y) — Nevil G
chart acct Deloitte, Plender, Haskins & Sells h 347 Cleveland —
Norma studt r 15 Wayland av —Norman A suprvsr telegram dept
Bank of Com h 712 Pharmacy av (Scar) — Orland W emp Can Wire
& Cable h 295 Harvie av (Y T) — Press, The (Fred C Lister) 2nd fir,
100 Simcoe — Raymond H elk Kresges h 49 Aldridge av — Regd h
124 Geoffrey — Robt comml artist Broderick Sign Co London Ont h
15 Wayland av — Robt ertkr Eatons h 93 Park Home av (Willow) —
Ronald ertkr Procter & Gamble h 102 , 470 Dundas east — Thos
studt h 262 Lippincott — Victor A housemn Park Plaza Hotel h 476
Glen Park av (NY) — Wm teletype opr Equitable Securities r 405,
1520 Bathurst (Y T) Hawthornethwaite David ertkr Church house,
The Anglican Ch of Can Dom Off h 600 Jarvis Hawtin Edna K Mrs h 2
, 2520 Bloor w (Swan) — Geo M dentist 204, 749 Yonge h 35 Old
Colony rd (N Y) — Gordon G foremn Canada Malting Co h 954 Main
n (N Y) — H Barry ins adjuster Wawanesa Mutual Ins h 1 Abbotsfield
Gate (Agincourt) — Harold with Tor Hydro h 146 Deloraine av —
Howard T customs excise suprvsr h 52 Bertha av —Richd G elk DVA
h 92 Wallasey av (N Y) — Sidney W bookbinder Grand & Toy h 86
Hopedale av (E Y) Hawton Austin L opr Candn Liquid Air Co h 99
Faith av (N Y) — Gordon opr Can Wire & Cable h 68 Omagh av (N Y)
— Irene L opr J Henry Peters r 310 Salem av — Jas P h 116
Glenwood cres (E Y) — Julia Mrs h 310 Salem av — Philip foremn
Business Systems Ltd h 20 Glenshaw cres (E Y) Haxby Russell sec
head Eatons h 124 Woodrow blvd n (Scar) Haxhi Osman (Howard
Shoe Repair) h 17 Howard Haxton Anne L studt r 47 Glengowan rd
— Fred R off elk John Inglis h 48 Byng av (Scar) —Garry drftsmn
Candn Lines Material r 48 Byng av (Scar) — Henry W slsmn Griplock
of Can Ltd h 281 St Germain av — Jas G mgr Mont Trust h 47
Glengowan rd — Jas S trust officer Montreal Trust h 312, 2655 Bloor
(Etob) — John R off mgr Gair Co h 21 Seven Oaks av (Etob) —John
T foremn Fruehauf Trailer h 50 Garside cres (NY) — Robt storekpr
City of Tor r 339 Balliol Hay A Miss Natl Health & Welfare h 74
Lansdowne av — A W vice president Saunders-Cook Ltd r 14
Innismore cres (Scar) — Abe supt Redpath Apts h 106, 182 Eglinton
av e — Albt emp Sanderson Binding Ltd h 37 Shannon —Alex h 7,
487 Ontario — Alex J foremn Gas Co h 2, 1319 Dundas w — Amelia
with DVA h 114 , 550 Jarvis — Amy F (wid Adam) h 28 Golfdale rd
— Ann filing elk Natl Health r 74 Lansdowne av — Anne h 47 Saulter
— Annie (wid John G) h 2075 Dufferin (Y T) — Annie housemaid
Trinity College r 76 Bexley cres (Y T) — Annie Mrs practical nurse
Ascona Reg r 57 Vanderhoof av (Leas) —Archie W r 406 Strathmore
blvd — Arthur emp Art Craft Printing h 373 Coxwell av —Arthur J
mach opr h 120 Mortimer av (E Y) — Barbara emp Etob Hydro r 107
Foxwell (Y T) — Barbara emp Candn Food Products r 263 Wright av
— Barbara L sec Irwin Bender Tools r 35 Cedarcrest dr (Etob) —
Barclay slsmn Office Specialty h 1, 156 Kingston rd — Barry elk Bd of
Educ r 212, 373 Lake Shore rd (Mim) — Basil mgr Chas A Branston
Ltd h 121 Bowood av — Bruce emp Massey- Ferguson h 263 Wright
av — Bruce A chief engineer Intrusion-Prepakt Ltd h 39
Meadowcrest rd (Etob) — Carol D Natl Health & Welfare r 74
Lansdowne av — Catherine pekr Scholl Mfg Co Ltd r 2, 733
Broadview av — Chas A mach J B Smith Lumber h 74 Lansdowne av
— Charlotte Mrs h 462 Beresford av --Christine hsekpr r 112 Stephen
dr (Etob) — Christopher E W engineer's asst Metro Tor r 71 Appleton
av HAY — Colin C R engineering techn Surveying Div (City) h 245
Nairn av (Y T) —David emp Toronto Golf Club r 325 Rusholme rd —
David pntr Puddicombe Motors r 27 Bridgetown rd (Etob) —David
prof Knox College h 311 Rose Pk dr —David supt Square D h 124
Galt av —David A bindery ctr Grand & Toy h 247 Springdale blvd (E
Y) —Donald r 931 College —Donald elk Stelco Steel h 55 Lunness rd
(Etob) —Donald emp Carlton Cards r 249 Dovercourt rd —Donald 1 c
PO h 194 Santa Monica blvd (Scar) —Donald I maintenancemn Frank
Smith r 208 Geary av _ Donna M customs elk J MacD Thomson Ltd r
102 Tyndall av —Doreen M off mgr Davis & Wilson r 35 Cedarcrest
dr (Etob) — Dorothy Mrs r 580 Church — Douglas A mgr Tor-Dom
Bank Br h 23 Evans av — Douglas R asst sec-treas Warren
Bituminous Paving h 15 Culford rd (N Y) —Douglas W slsmn h 36
Eugene av (N Y) —Duncan S prntr Dun & Bradstreet h 718
Windermere avenue _ , . — E chief elk Lackawanna Railroad r 1287
Birchview dr (Lorne Pk) avenue — Edwd h 6 Keystone av —Elbert G
distribution mgr Shell Oil h 40 Pheasant lane (Etob) — Elizth (wid
JohnD) h 675 Jane (Y T) — Elizth D W h 34 Roselawn av —Ernest
emp John Inglis h 16D, 445 Lake Shore rd (Mim) —Ethel B (wid
Thos) h 28 Halton —Ethel B (wid Meryn R) tchr Bd of Educ h 101E
Montgomery av — Ethel M h 94 Dunvegan rd — Evelyn r 149
Golfdale rd —Evelyn emp Baker Bros h 374 Brunswick av —Evelyn N
off elk Eatons r 419 Parkside dr — Florence (wid Thos A) h 376
Brock av —Florence Mrs r 11 Hoyle av —Florence G tchr Hughes Schl
h 203, 1524 Bathurst h 203, —Frances W stenog Ont Dept Educ r 14
Leith pi — Frank h 40 Rose Park dr —Fred D planer opr J & J Taylor
Ltd r 230 Sterling road — Fredk slsmn Claire Hecla Heating Co r 123
Leslie —Fredk G mach opr Lily Cup h 28 Duncombe blvd (Scar) —
Geo (Alderwood Marketeria) h 420 Horner av (Etob) — Geo guard
CGE r 550 Spadina av — Geo poundkeeper Twp of EY h 200
Holborne av (E Y) — Geo A p o PO h 185 Coleridge av (E Y) —Geo H
drftsmn Ont Hydro h 2 Oak Hampton blvd (Etob) — Geo M h 119
Ashdale av —Geo W h 406 Sackville —Georgina box opr r 119
Marlborough av — Gordon D vice president - genl sis mgr Gordon A
MacEachern Ltd h 62 Wimbleton rd (Etob) —Gordon V lino opr
Evening Telegram h 163 Deloraine av — H Maxwell sis mgr Browns'
Bread Ltd h 271 Chine dr (Scar) —Hanna Mrs r 783 Markham —
Harry r 229 Gerrard e — Helen Mrs h 1 , 37 Arundel av — Helen Mrs
r 204, 5 Benlamond av — Helen sec B C Boyne h 602, 169 St George
— Helen E Mrs elk h 814 Carlaw av — Hilda Mrs emp Drug Trading h
212 , 373 Lake Shore rd (Mim) — Hugh C treas Hamilton Gear &
Mach h 118 Wembley rd (F H) — Isabel emp Blatchfords Shoe
Factory r 119 Marlborough av — J r 1, 56 St Clair av w — J Peter
slsmn Consolidated Fire & Safety Equip Ltd r 101 Lawnside dr (N Y)
— Jack E staty engineer Metro Tor h 27 Bellwoods av — Jas mach
opr Can Packers h 108 Regent (Y T) — Jas mechanical servicemn
TTC r 119 Marlborough avenue — Jas A h 23 Buttonwood av (Y T) —
Jas J L dealer training rep McColl-Frontenac Oil h 45 Claremore av
(Scar) — Jas L marine engineer Tor Dry Dock h 24 Glenhurst av (Y
T) — Janet S h 2, 308 Kingsway s (Swan) — Jean serv rep Ont
Hydro r 36 Eugene av (N Y) — Joan A typist Crown Life Ins r 35
Cedarcrest dr (Etob) — John h 1, 24 Macdonell av — John elk
Penguin Sea Foods h 1, 1234A St Clair av west — John elk Ont
Hydro r 290 Thirteith (Etob) — John emp CNR r 11 Bisley —John p c
Metro Pol r 56 Grovedale av (N Y) —John trk drvr Nu-grape Co h 365
Ossington av —John D h 95, 494 Avenue rd — John D (Vaughan-
Eglinton Motors) r 20 Dunloe rd (FH) — John J trk drvr A Staiman &
Sons Ltd h 90 Aileen av (Y T) — John M firemn Lever Bros h 173
Phyllis av (Scar) — John M insp of investigation CNR h 711 Sammon
av (E Y) —John S vice-president Cochran, Murray & Hay, Ltd h 5
Oriole pkwy —John W pressmn Star h 4, 94 Homewood av —John W
slsmn Ont Tobacco h 19 Worthington cres (Swan) — Jos h 419
Parkside dr —Jos h 203 Thirtieth (Etob) — June bkpr Parliament
Bldgs r 73 Billings av —Kenneth R Tor sis mgr Hanson Transp h 5,
1091 Eglinton av w (Y T) —Laura (wid Wallace B) h 35 Cedarcrest dr
(Etob) — Leonard stmftr h' 61 Harbord — Leonard T elect
maintenancemn Metro Tor h 228 Monarch Pk av —Margt (wid Jas) h
119 Marlborough av — Margt elk Bank of Com r A7, 569 Broadview
av —Margt nursing instructress Hosp for Sick Children h 509, 214 St
George —Margt Mrs stenog Marsh-& McLennan Ltd r 5, 1091
Eglinton av w —Margt A (wid J) drsmkr Olga Fowler Gowns h 28, 76
Eglinton av e —Marie (wid John) h 2, 2092 Yonge —Marion h 94
Dunvegan rd — Marketeria (Tony Pileggi) grocery & meats 116 Hay
av (Etob) —Mary (wid Robt) h 119 Ashdale av — Mary elk r 73
Billings av — Mary A tchr York Twp Schl Bd h 783 Markham —
Norman W m h PO h 60 Marmaduke —Olive emp Modern Containers
r 6 Linden av (Scar) —Olive A studt r 311 Rose Park dr — R r 11, 58
Sherwood av —Rachel r 76 Bexley cres (Y T) —Ralph E firemn CNR
h 7 Kingston rd — Richd L elk Air Reduction r 102 Tyndall av —Robt
(Bacque, Hay & Co) h 20 Dunloe rd (F H) — Robt radio rprmn
Eatons h 1694 Dundas e —Robt radio - tv stock controller Eatons ;
94 _ Stavelv cres (Etob) _
 -562THORNE, MULHOLLAND, HOWSON & McPHERSON
CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS R. S. McPherson and H. E. Crate,
Licensed Trustees SUITE 902 111 RICHMOND ST. WEST TORONTO
Telephone EMpire 3-0661 HAY — Robt wtchmn Dunlop Tire h 11
Bisley — Robt A mach Sunnybrook Hosp h 276 Salem av —Robt F r
3979 Bloor (Etob) —Robt G sec-treas Polybottle Ltd r 24 Glenhurst
av (Y T) — Robt W emp Alderwood Marketeria —Roger E shpr
Brandram-Henderson r 55 Inniswood dr (Scar) — Ronald p c Metro
Pol r 107 Foxwell (Y T) — Rose r 39 Heath w —Ross R Ont sis mgr
flour & feed The Quaker Oats Co h 48 Connaught blvd (Willowdale)
— Roy r 4 Boston av — Ruby foreldy Candn Chenille Co r 365
Ossington av — Russell G elk Boeckh Paint Brushes r 2 Oak Hampton
blvd (Etob) — Ruth M Mrs paper box wkr Teller Paper Box r 71
Montrose av — Sadie A nurse h 40 , 485 Duplex av — Sharon lab
techn Womens College Hosp r 77 Spring Garden av (N Y) — Stewart
h 6 , 102 Tyndall av — Vera Mrs blg>r Russell Willis & Crlspo h 659
Dovercourt rd — Vida cash Wm D Hay r 54 Dunblaine av (N Y) —
Viola assmblr Sonograph h 4 Boston av — W Hubert produce opr
Dom Stores h 57 Vanderhoof av (Leas) — Walter h 2 Ramsgate rd (L
B) — Walter G (Metro Engravers) h 139 Dell Pk av (N Y) — Wm r 45
A Jerome — Wm h 165 Shaver av n (Etob) — Wm bkr Wilson Bakery
h 73 Billings av — Wm clnr Browns' Bread h 123 Leslie — Wm emp
Homecare Services h 24A, 1501 Queen w — Wm 1 c PO h 45A
Jerome — Wm mach Globe & Mall h 29, 223 Woodbine av — Wm
slsmn h 600 Lauder av (Y T) — Wm trk drvr United Paper Mills h 161
Beta (Etob) — Wm A tchr Plains Rd Pub Schl r 711 Sammon av (E Y)
— Wm D grocer 3058 Yonge h 54 Dunblaine av (N Y) — Wm J h 3
Birchmount rd (Scar) — Wm J h 208 Geary av — Wm J r 28
Saunders av — Wm J bindery wkr Murray Printing h 107 Foxwell av
(Y T) — Wm J inkmn Murray Printing r 300 Renforth dr (Etob) —
Wm J plstr's hlpr Reg Porter r 208 Geary av — Wm M h 12, 1914
Bloor w — Wm N IBM opr Ont Hydro r 212, 373 Lake Shore rd (Mim)
— Wm Y elk Mount Denis Hdwre h 207, 14 Tichester rd (Y T) Haya
Walter punch press bpr Massey-Ferguson h 112 Lis gar Hayakawa
Frances stenog Beck Electric r 214 Gilmour av — Harry H uphol
Braemore Upholstering Ltd h 253 Broadway av — Ishigoro h 52
Hickson — Masanori emp Lichee Gardens h 214 Gilmour av — NUdo
whse elk Zenith Electric Supply r 214 Gilmour av — Shirley stenog
Teela Market Survey r 214 Gilmour avenue Hayasha Saburo emp
TUerite Ltd h 669 Rhodes av Hayashi Akiko emp North West Sports
Wear r 3 Phin avenue — Arthur lab techn Allanson Armature h 56
Yardley av (E Y) — Chiyono C assmblr Taylor Instrument r 34
Mortimer av (E Y) — Douglas mech Golden Mile Motors r 13 Clark —
Eiichi h 71 Albani (Mim) — Frank H (Niagara Iron Wks) r 774
Richmond w — Gengi C staty engineer The Imperial Flo-glaze Paints
Ltd h 132 First av —Geo 1 c PO h 76 Concord av —Gibson veneer
wkr Brunswick-Balke-Collender h 10 Dingwall av — Hachijiro
woodwork mach Brunswick-BalkeCollender h 10 Dingwall av —Harry
carp r 209 Maria — Harry lab Liberty Ornamental Iron r 18 Hunter —
Jas S trans refrig mech Motorways Depot h 29 Jodphur av (N Y) —
Kenneth K maintenancemn Gilchrist Baking Co h 54 Nassau —
Kisaku pres & treas Maiko Optical & Photo Products r 52 Amelia —
Mami r 1 Grenadier hgts (Swan) — Mas aircraft wkr r 57 Pinewood
av (Y T) — Masatsugu (M & M Food Store) h 639 Annette —
Noritsugu emp Danforth Clnrs r 3 Phin av — Norman drvr PO r 593
Carlaw av — Ronald (Ron's Television Service) r 13 Clark —Roy
photo fnshr Rapid Grip & Batten h 32 Henry —Sam lab CPRh 391
Ontario —Sam metaUurgist Candn Foundries r 132 First av —Studio
(Theodore Hayashi) cameras - photo supplies 1384^ Queen w —
Sue cash Beneficial Finance Co r 1 Hazelwood av — Takeo studt h
344 Ashdale av —Theodore (Hayashi Studio) h 1384j Queen w —
Tojiro gdnr h 3 Phin av — Toshio lab CPR r 3 Phin av — Tsunekichi
gdnr h 1 Hazelwood av — Yosotaro h 13 Clark — Yosoya pntr h 57
Pinewood av (Y T) Hayashida Sumiko elk Juvenile & Family Court r
289 Milverton blvd — Taki shpr Bathurst Power & Paper h 210 Santa
Monica blvd (Scar) Hayball Albt emp Electrical Storage Battery h 153
Vine av — Benj R slsmn Robertson’s Motors h 45 Briar Dale blvd
(Scar) — Betty emp Lobiaws r 256A Crawford — Chas A shipping
dept Coleman Lamp h 8 Rednor rd (E Y) — Ernest emp Gage h 29,
383 Sherbourne — Grace L stenog Trane Co r 45 Briardale blvd
(Scar) — Lorraine emp Diamond State Fibre Cor 8 Rednor rd (E Y) —
Olive h 256A Crawford — Wm orderly St Michael's Hosp r 86
Maitland Haybyrne Jas rubber wkr Viceroy Mfg h 101, 1525 Bathurst
(Y T) Haychuk Anthony emp Sword Tavern r 332 Wellesley e -
Haycock, see also Heacock —Carl sis dept Standard Tube & T I Ltd r
14 Selby —Sydney B btehr Barneys Meat Mkt h 185 Waverley road
Haycox Leslie r 262 Royal York rd s (Etob) Hayd Jos tool & die mkr h
869 Manning av Hayday Ronald L insp Bank of N S h 38 , 40
Clearview hgts (Y T) -Hayden, see also Heyden and Heydon —Ashley
emp St Joseph's Hosp r 10 Maynard av _ HAYDEN —Basil J
advertising asst Inti Nickel h 1584 Old Lake Shore rd w (Oakville) —
C Grace tchr Vaughan Rd Coll Inst h 404, 3110 Yonge — Catherine
elk Inti Harvester r 3, 340 Westmount av (Y T) — Cecil trk drvr
McCord Co r 39 Napier — Chas L dir public relations The Candn
Military Journal h 202 , 55 Mutual — Dennis sis Eatons r 130
Elmhurst dr (Rexdale) — Dora (wid Thms) h 140 Hepbourne —
Douglas N with Tor Hydro h 34 Manderley dr (Scar) — Ethel Mrs h
158 Randolph rd (Leas) — Frank (Parswell Clnrs) h 33 O'Connor dr
(E Y) — Freda M stenog O'Keefe's r 140 Hepbourne — Fredk elk TTC
h 210, 99 Coe Hill dr (Swan) — Geo r 53 Sparkhall av — Gerald F
barr & sol McCarthy & McCarthy h 31 Arjay cres (N Y) — Glynn F set
up man Monroe Acme Co h 11, 2 Jasper av (Y T) — Gordon R asst
underwriter Commercial Life Assce r Bldg 10, Apt 3, 281 Sheppard
av e (N Y) — Harold plmbr J Norton & Co h 2513 Dundas w —Henry
H r 21 Canning av — Howard r 39 Gloucester — Investments Ltd
Harold F Fishleigh pres, John C Cragg vice-pres real est 1st fir, 35
Hayden — Isabel Mrs typist Might Directories Ltd r 372 Bathurst — J
M & Co (Ralph Hayden) plmbrs 372 Bathurst — Jas with Atlas Chem
r 135 Morse — Jas F terminal passenger agt CNR r 140 Hepbourne
—Jas R emp Genl Motors r 83 Kipling av n (Etob) — Janet S (wid
Arthur) elk Workmen's Compensation Bd h 41 Normandy blvd —
John r 125 Maitland — John r 21 Mountnoel av — John F president
Accurate Meter Ltd h 240 Queen's dr (Wstn) — Jos drvr Sinnott
News h 16 Windsor av (Scar) — Josephine nurse r 155 Wellesley e
— Kathleen r 372 Bathurst — Kenneth C firemn Streets Div (City) h
879 Runnymede rd (Y T) — Lawrence steelwkr Dom Bridge h 44
Beechborough av (Y T) — Marjorie Mrs h 402 Leslie —Mary h 409
Wellesley e — Mary r 3 , 340 Westmount av (Y T) — Michl studt r
201, 40 Glen rd — Paul drftsmn Hanks , Irwin & Pearson r 56
Saybrook av (Etob) — Philip P with Accurate Meter Ltd h 53
Dalbeattie av (N Y) — Phyllis (wid Jas) h 202 Cedarvale av (E Y) —
Ralph (J M Hayden & Co) h 372 Bathurst — Richd J stkmn
Woolworths r 240 Queens dr (Wstn) —Robt h 265 Linsmore cres (E
Y) — Robt mgr C Cole & Co Ltd (Br) 206, 650 Dawes rd (E Y) —
Robt slsmn r 704, 85 Lowther av — Robt A asst mgr tax & ins dept
Shell Oil h 62 Lankin blvd (E Y) — Robt J emp Engelhard Industries
of Canada Ltd h 665 Milverton blvd — Robt J lathe hand American
Stand Prod h 17A Wade avenue — Roderick M mech Cragg Motors h
1 , 441 Kingston rd — Russell slsmn Blantyre Dairy h 28 Berkshire av
—Ruth I sec-treas & dir Mackellar, Wisener Ltd h 42, 83 Isabella —
Sales Ltd Gordon H Connell & Wilfred A McCracken dirs, Donald
Bascombe sec-treas sis promotion 153 St Clair av w — Salter A
(McCarthy & McCarthy) h 140 Heath w —Salter A off mgr Union
Carbide h 343 Ridley blvd (N Y) — Thos communication wkr Weather
Bur h 508, 206 St George — Thos A despatcher Lime Sand Mortar of
Can Ltd r 210, 99 Coe Hill dr (Swan) — Virginia (wid Harry) h 4,
2183 Bloor w — Vivien barber h 88 Sorauren av — Wm r 409
Wellesley e — Wm with Can Packers h 3, 340 Westmount av (Y T) —
Wm A elementary schl insp Ont Dept of Educ h 86 Lyndhurst av —
Wm G asst advertising mgr Simpson Sears h 83 Kipling av n (Etob)
Hayder David kitchen wkr House of Providence r 58 Sackville Haydes
Stephen V prof engineer Bell Tel h 504 Windermere av Haydock Jill
nurse interne Tor Western Hosp r same — John h 153 Kingston rd —
John emp Can Packers r 60 Galley av — John J patent medicines 214
Oak Park av (E Y) h — Margt hsekpr r 57 Dunloe rd (F H) Haydon
Alfred W lino opr Star h 45 Agar cres (Etob) — Annie D (wid N W J)
h 564 Pape av —Arthur W mgr Bank of N S h 156 Jane — C Florence
suprvsr Genl Accident Assce r 414 Armadale av — EUen r 690 Oriole
pkwy —Evelyn Mrs emp Dom Paper Box r 320 Wellesley e — Frank
emp Johnson, Matthey & Mallory h 1678 Jane (Wstn) — Henry serv
stn attdt h 142 Tyrrel av — John C master Ont Dept of Educ r 8
Mulgrove dr (Etob) — Louise h 1678 Jane (Wstn) — Mabel E priv sec
PO r 414 Armadale av —Mabel P (wid Wm G) h 414 Armadale av —
Marion h 690 Oriole pkwy — Norman emp Johnson Matthey &
Mallory h 1678 Jane (Wstn) — Rollo C H die designer Renco Ltd h
160 Gledhill av (E Y) — Wm r 15 Grassmere rd Haydou I School of
Music (Irene Haydou) violin tchr 37 Gilgorm rd (F H) — Irene (I
Haydou Schl of Music) h 37 Gilgorm rd (FH) —Leslie (Haydou
Packers) r 37 Gilgorm rd (F H) —Packers .(Leslie Haydou) poultry,
eggs & game 377 Manning av Haydu Leslie asst chief engineer Robt
Bausch Co h 32 Parkview gdns Hayduk Hilda wtrs r 267 Concord av
— Nellie Mrs h 8 Cameron Haye Les route slsmn Sunbeam Bread r
19 Bardwell cres (Scar) Hayeem Sophie sis elk Eatons r 1071
Eglinton av w Hayeems Benj S (Rumack, Seigel & Co) r 22
Heathcote av (N Y) Hayer Josef barber h 26 Walsh av (N Y)
Hayerwander Berg r 158 Clinton -Hayes, see also Hay, He yes and
Heys — A Leonard suprvsr Gas Co h 83 Westbury cres (YT) HAYES
— Abbie M with Tor Hydro h 33 , 433 Sherbourne — Aileen P nurse
Campbells Soup h 2, 28A Third (N T) — Albt maintenancemn
Fairglen Dairy Ltd h 428 RideUe av (Y T) — Albt E taxi drvr h 493
Hopewell av (Y T) — Albt J lithographic platemkr Sampson-
Matthews Press h 5 Anndale dr (WiUowdale) — Alex G (Hayes
Hdwre) h 8 Wynnview ct (Scar) — Allan metal wkr Ryerson Press r
98 Bellwoods av — Allan tester Candn Kodak h 106 Strathnairn av (Y
T) —Alma Mrs r 442 Parliament — Anita cash typist Citizens Finance
r 599 Durie — Ann (wid Chas) h 515 Carlaw av —Ann (wid Stephen
J) h 51 Greenlaw av —Anne h 41 Glebemount av — Anne Mrs h 701,
828 Kingston rd — Anne Mrs h 241 Silver Birch av — Anne head chkr
Lobiaws r 56 Bude — Arlene M ldgrkpr Bank of Mont r 43 Lockerbie
(NY) — Aubrey F trk drvr Streets Div (City) r 5 , 418 Roncesvalles av
— Audrey cash Ely Ltd r 1151 Dupont — Barbara A teller Bank of
Com r 202 Elmwood av (Willowdale) — Barry B pres & genl mgr
Toronto Carpet Mfg Co Ltd h 141 Riverview dr — Barry P Jr vice-pres
Toronto Crrpet Mfg Co Ltd rss RR 2 Maple — Basil rest wkr h 87
Edgeley av n (Scar) —Beatrice nurse r 181 Woburn av — Bernadette
M mailing elk Candn Brazilian Services r Gil, 1546 Kingston rd (Scar)
— Bernard actor CBC r 19 Edgewood cres —Beryl nurse r 141
Grenadier rd — Betty emp Simpson Sears r 176 First av — Bill tchr
Franklin Horner Pub Schl r 11 Winston Pk blvd (N Y) — Bridget Mrs
hsekpr h 1, 36 Station rd (Mim) —Bryan h 211, Unit 4, 415 Lake
Shore rd (Mim) — Carl drvr Donlands Dairy h 106, 470 Mortimer av
(E Y) — Catharine mgr legal dept Ont Motor League r 53 Elvina gdns
— Cecil S crane hlpr CNR r 34 Highcroft rd —Chas emp Rogers Oil &
Fuel h 30 Earl Grey rd — Chas A opr TTC r 718 Lansdowne av —
Chas P h 1305, 63 Belshaw pi — Chas W h 289 Oriole pkwy — Chas
W parts slsmn Paul Willison Motors h 511, 18 Englehart cres (Scar)
— Clair J pntr & decorator Reitmans h 19 Peterlee av (Etob) — Clara
(wid Gordon) r 1062 Dundas w — Clarence J shpr J W Barrington &
Son h 213 King Edward av (E Y) — Clayton E president Hayes Mfg
Ltd h 396 Douglas av (N Y) — Constance J (wid John B) confy &
tobacco 2644 Yonge h same — Cornelius h 279 Westlake av (E Y) —
D Mrs stenog Ont Hydro r 19 Dunning cres (Etob) — Dack mach opr
Acme Carbon & Ribbon r 280 Markham — Danl motor mech r 21
Glenburn av (E Y) — David B p c PO h 39 Cree av (Scar) — David C
prof engineer Ont Hydro h 76 Portsdown rd (Scar) — David P h 265
Wolverleigh blvd — Dennis swimming instructor Etob Swimming Pool
r 2 Cabot ct (Etob) — Derek C studt r 289 Oriole pkwy — Donald J
asst supt car equip CPR h 1153 Stavebank rd (Port Credit) — Doris J
librarian Geo H Locke Memorial Library r 17 Douglas av — Dorothy
(wid Orman) h 604, 21 Tichester rd (Y T) — Dorothy key punch opr
KCS Data Control r 53 Walmer rd — Dorothy (wid Christopher) pekr
British Drug Houses h 14, 26 Albert av (Mim) — Douglas emp
Lobiaws h 302, 166 Carlton — Douglas J sr elk McColl-Frontenac Oil
h 112, 165 Balliol — E J T genl mgr Reeves & Sons r Mineola rd (Port
Credit) —Edna Mrs h 112 Harcourt av — Edwd h 36 Delaney cres —
Edwd h 147 Dovercourt rd — Edwd r 279 Westlake av (E Y) —Edwd
chkr The Borden Co Ltd h 517 Jane (Y T) — Edwd clnr Mt Sinai Hosp
r 240 Queen w — Edwd mech Evans Motors h 82 Westhead rd
(Etob) — Edwd J emp Queen City Glass h 63 Carlaw av — Edwd J
with Tor Hydro h 79 Bywood dr (Etob) — Edwd R stkmn Ont Hydro r
10 Chilcot av (Etob) — Eileen (National Maintenance) r 272 Sumach
— Eileen elk Ont Co-operative Credit Soc r 77 Benson av — Eleanor
h B , 2 Albany av — Eleanor automatic opr CNT r 641 WiUard av (Y
T) — Eliza pekr Adams Brands r 71 Hillside dr (E Y) — Elizth A tchr
St Bonaventure Schl r 453 Mortimer av (E Y) — Elizth F Mrs
receptionist Sunnybrook Hosp h A21, 477 Bayview av (Leas) — Ella
(wid Jas C) h 16 WeUesley av —Ellen (wid Wm) r 8 Cherry Nook
gdns — Elmer J suprvsr Excelsior Life Ins h 144 Close av — Elva Mrs
h 599 Durie (Y T) — Emerson H porter Air Terminal Transp h 5, 109
Ryerson av — Emily r 12 Aldergrove av — Emily r 3838 Bloor (Etob)
— Ernest emp J B Smith Lumber h 19 Sword — Esther emp R & F
Knitting r 641 Willard av (Y T) — Ethel Mrs r 17 Strathcona av —
Ethel Mrs switchbd opr St Michael's Hosp r 133 Yarmouth rd — Ethel
M phy 335, 170 St George h 139 Airdrie rd (Leas) — Evaline h 308,
2707 Yonge — Evelyn G (wid Geo A) priv sec McMillan, Binch, Stuart,
Berry, Dunn, Corrigan & Howland h 83 Glengarry av — Florence h 71
Alton av — Florence h 5 Rideau av — Florence (wid John) h 665
Victoria Pk av (Scar) — Florence sec r 27 Truman rd (N Y) —Frances
emp Bell Tel r 176 First av —Francis B h 102 Lee av — Frank h 5,
418 RoncesvaHes av — Frank r 564 Sherbourne — Frank A rubber
wkr Dunlop of Canada h 5 Kingston road —Frank I with Natl Trust h
2, 125 Silver Birch av — Fred emp A V Roe h 17 Boyd av (Wstn) —
Fred C barr 1502, 80 Richmond w h 2, 269 Soudan avenue — Fred J
slsmn Gair Co h 79 Bideford (N Y) _ HAYES — Fred J steel wkr
Baines & David h 20 Norway av — Fredk C president Container
Statistics Ltd h 19 Moorehill dr (E Y) — G Lillian elk Bank of N S r 81
Westbury cres (Y T) — G Shimp (Canada) Ltd W D Wilson mgr
importers 2 College — Garnet shpr Monogram Glass h 114A Thirtieth
(Etob| — Garnet W drvr Natl Gro h 228 Cocksfield av (Downs view)
— Geo r 299 Parliament — Geo h 80 Warnica av (Etob) — Geo h
1009A Weston rd (Y T) —Geo maintenancemn Birks r 68 Victor av —
Geo shpr Laidlaw Lumber h 1518 Lawrence av w (NY) — Geo
toolmkr h 920 Dundas e — Geo B maintenance millwright Fruehauf
Trailer h 137 Carson n (Etob) — Geo F prntr Bradshaw's Ltd h 43
Lockerbie (N Y) — Geo H emp Natl Cash Register h 43 Pepler av (E
Y) — Geo O seller Ont Jockey Club r 230 Manor rd e — Geo R mgr
Hayes Hdwre r 8 Kennedy rd s (Scar) — Geo W (Power Cable
Installations) res Richmond Hill) — Geo W sis dept Canada Foils h 17
Hickson — Gerald pntr & decorator r 8 Cherry Nook gdns — Gerald C
elk Kraft Foods h 208 Axminster dr (Richmond HiH) — Gerald J
claims adjuster Halifax Ins h Gil, 1546 Kingston rd (Scar) —
Gladstone emp Birks h 68 Victor av — Gladys (wid Geo) h 70 Hiltz av
— Gladys opr Industrials Textiles Ltd r 218, 201 Dawes rd —Gordon
(Hayland's Marine & Sports) r 115 Bevdale rd (NY) — Gwendoline R
elk Tor-Dom Bank r 12 Elm Grove av —Hardware (A G Hayes) 2261
Kingston rd (Scar) — Harold r 398 Dundas e — Harold emp
Corrugated Paper Box h 8 Cherry Nook gardens — Harold E
framemn BeU Tel h 112 Emperor (Ajax) — Harold J leading
wrehsemn McColl-Frontenac h 9 Fernwood Pk av — Harold N emp
CGE h 3 Indian Rd cres —Harold O steward CNR h 12 Rochdale av
(Y T) — Harold W (Power Cable Installations) r 52 Benleigh dr (Scar)
— Harriet (wid Thos) r 39 White Pine av (E Y) — Harry h 45 Munro
— Harry buffer A V Roe h 129 Jay (N Y) — Harry emp Goodyear Tire
h 43 Ashbury av (Y T) — Harry emp Neilson's h 23 Amherst av (Y T)
— Hazel elk Gas Co r 251 Lauder av (Y T) — Hazel ins elk r 252
Dufferin — Henry J (Power Cable Installations) r 2340 Bayview av (N
Y) — Herald S trav Breslin Industries h 9 Bellevue cres (Wstn) —
Herbt Held underwriter The Mutual Life Ins Co r 421 Lake Shore rd
(Mim) — Herbt F messr Bank of Com h 195 Hallmark av (Etob) —
Herbt W elk Roy al- Liverpool Ins Group h 1283 Weston rd (Y T) —
Hilliard E h 15, 36 Rosecliffe av (Y T) — Howard J shpr Colonial
Traders r 213 King Edward av (E Y) — Hugh P emp Bank of Com h
107, 14 Tichester rd (Y T) —Inez Mrs h 641 Willard av (Y T) — J Rev
parish priest Church of Our Lady of Mt Carmel (RC) r 141 McCaul —
J Gordon br mgr Tor-Dom Bank r 8 Caswell dr (Willowdale) — J J
Mrs r 453, 110 Broadway av — Jack btehr h 495 Glenholme av (Y T)
— Jack foremn Long Branch Council h 46 Burlingame 1 rd (Etob) —
Jack emp A V Roe r 26 Lake Shore rd (Mim) — Jas r 45 Chelsea av
— Jas r 135 Sherbourne —Jas bar tender Brockton Hotel h 1101
College — Jas Rev curate St Vincent De Paul (RC) Ch r 263
Roncesvalles av — Jas emp G G Sheet Metal r 98 Logan av — Jas
emp Outdoor Neon h 60 Haig av (Scar) — Jas motor mech r 21
Glenburn av (E Y) — Jas sub foremn A V Roe h 21 Boyd av (Wstn)
— Jas window clnr Natl Maintenance h 272 Sumach — Jas C foremn
A V Roe h 21 Boyd av (Wstn) — Jas D shpr & genl off wkr Acme
Electric h 10 Ashby pi — Jas E elk Toronto Carpet h 49 Gilmour av —
Jas F h 98 Logan av — Jas M h 5, 1488 Avenue rd n (N Y) — Jane r
13 Mattice rd (Etob) — Jane (wid Robt) h 137 Vaughan rd (Y T) —
Janet h 7, 4750 Dundas w (Etob) — Jean Mrs h 1239 Bloor w —
Jean Mrs h 414 St Clarens av — Jean copywriter Cockfield Brown &
Co r 17 Boyd av (Wstn) — Jean emp Drug Trading r 467 Danforth av
— Jean E bkpr Genl Plumbing & Heating Supplies Ltd r 125 Alberta
av —Jeanette stenog Arthurs-Jones Ltd r 793 Adelaide w —Jennie
(wid F L) h 292 Inglewood dr — Jennie J E h 77 Glenview av — Joan
r 8 Whitney av — Joan bkpr Jack Purcell & Co h 15, 1998 Bathurst
(Y T) --Joan emp TCA h 317, 55 Broadway av — Joan Mrs tchr
Dewson Schl r 3, 2146 Bloor w — John r 36 Delaney cres — John
chauf Dept Property h7, 280 Woodfield rd — John elk Eatons h 7
Kenmore av (Scar) —John elk Danforth Radio h 61 Redwood av —
John district mgr Sunbeam Bread h 661 Annette — John drvr
Property Dept Metro h 604, 1691 Gerrard e — John emp City of Tor
h 29 Badgerow av —John emp State Farm Ins r 453 Mortimer av (E
Y) — John janitor Direct Winters Transp h 242 Hastings avenue —
John oiler Massey-Ferguson h 6 Classic av — John shpr John C
Winston h 91 Hazelton av — John studt h 118 Walmer rd —John
with M E P C Candn Properties Ltd rss Hoskin av — John A crane opr
Plate & Structural Steel r 1 Wishing Well dr (Scar) —John B
instructor Lobiaws h 20 Furnival rd (E Y) — John C (Master Steel
Rule Dies) h 453 Mortimer av (E Y) — John D ch of bd Laura Secord
Candy Shops Ltd h 405, 150 Balmoral av — John D supt CNR h 131
Glenvale blvd (Leas) — John F sis rep Remington Rand h 2, 36
Station rd (Mim)
 Page 563 HAYES —John F vice president & mng dir
Southam Printing h 53 Bennington Heights dr (E Y) —John J (Harold
& Jack) h 11 Barbara cres (E Y) —John J emp Dufferin Taxi r 1239
Bloor w —John J press opr Ekco Prod r 7 Kenmore av (Scar) _ John
McK (Coleman The Tailor) h 505, 450 Winona dr (Y T) —John Rpc
Metro Pol h 16 Corinth gdns (N Y) — John R slsmn Fenwick & Co h
95 Esgore dr (N Y) —John W apprentice Design Craft Ltd r 6, 29
Lester avenue _ John W slsmn Westway Auto Electric h 39 White
Pine av (E Y) — Jos h 65 Ritchie av —Julia (wid Albt B) h 81
Westbury cres (Y T) —Julie (wid Richd) h 531 Sherbourne —
Kathleen r 3 Indian Rd cres _ Kenneth sec-treas Gypsum Lime &
Alabastine (Can) Ltd h 161 Coldstream av — Kenneth S mechanical
engineer White Motor Co h 173 Northcliffe blvd (Y T) —Kenneth T h
1 Saunders cres (Etob) —Kenneth W emp A V Roe h 10 Ranwood dr
(N Y) — Len padder Hilroy Envelopes & Staty Ltd r 524 McRoberts av
(Y T) — Lena r 19 Venn cres (Y T) — Leonard emp CNR h B3, 12
Elm Grove av —Leonard prntr h 307, 345 Westmonnt av (Y T) —
Leonard serv mgr A S Leitch h 524 McRoberts av (Y T) — Lillian r 81
Westbury cres (Y T) — Lillian elk Loblaws r 29 Badgerow av — Linda
M elk United Steel Corp r 1151 Dupont — Luke E (Hayes & Lailey) h
1, 133 Crescent rd — Manufacturing Ltd Clayton E Hayes pres
cleaning powders 396 Douglas av (N Y) — Margt h 328, 150
Farnham av — Margt r 18, 1165 Kingston rd (Scar) — Margt r 173
Northcliffe blvd (Y T) — Margt hostess Loblaws r 29 Badgerow av —
Margt priv sec Candn Auto Chamber of Commerce h 707, 87
Jameson av —Margt A trimmer Beaunit Mills r 31 Castlefield av —
Margt M elk Dom of Can Genl Ins r 98 Pitt av (Scar) —Marguerite
(wid Emmett) nurse h 31 Castlefield av —Marie switchbd opr Eatons
r 3 Indian Rd cres —Marion tchr Dublin Public Schl r 428 Ridelle av
(Y T) — Marjorie r 70 Hiltz av —Marjorie F stenog Armour, Boswell,
Cronyn & Tolley r 15 Clarendon av — Martha Mrs h 3, 1858 Dundas
e — Mary h 53 Elvina gdns — Mary (wid Jos W) h 465 Kingswood rd
— Mary Mrs r 1 Rushbrooke av —Mary biller CPR h 112 Harcourt av
—Mary A h 11 Macnaughton rd (Leas) — Mary A sec Bank of Com h
4A, 315 Tweedsmuir av (Y T) — May Mrs h 3790 St Clair av e (Scar)
— May sis Eatons r 85 Eastwood rd — Michl engineer CNR h (rear)
B, 1505 Dundas w — Michl J carhouse opr TTC r 42 Old Mill dr (Y T)
— Murray bkpr Chassis Serv r 173 Northcliffe blvd (Y T) — Myrtle h
151 Balliol — N H with Telegram res Agincourt — Nancy off elk
Eatons r 1, 107 Homewood av — Nancy E bkpr Swift Investments r
83 Glengarry av — Nathaniel A h 391 Wellesley e —Nicholas garage
attdt r 723 Ontario — Norah dom r 2 Great Oak dr (Etob) — Norm
bell hop Westminster Hotel h 372 Sackville — Ockeland A emp De
Havilland h 7 Grenadier rd — Oliver L trk drvr H W Bacon Cartage h
206 Sackville Green — Patrick h 41 Glebemount av — Patrick constn
engineer h 3 Kingslea ct (Etob) — Patrick C ty p c PO r 1239 Bloor w
— Patrick E asst acct Bank of Com h 112, 165 Balliol —Paul h 281
Dundas e —Paul h 15 HoHand av (E Y) — Paul genl sis mgr Mason-
Neilan Regulator Co h 2 , 2814 Bloor (Etob) — Paul RCAF r 83
Glengarry av — Pearl Mrs sec Victoria Paper Company h 17 Bauty pi
(Scar) — Percy R sis mgr General Theatre Supply Co h 4 Haig av
(Scar) — Peter M genl ins brkr 580 Queen w h 185 Park Home av (N
Y) — Peter S sec-treas Container Statistics Ltd h 9 Burnham rd (E Y)
— Philip h 5 Earribridge — R emp Page & Steele r 87 Albertus av —
R A casualty supt Alliance Assce r 115 Grandview av (Willowdale) —
Ralph E emp Abltibi Power & Paper h 10 Sandringham dr (N Y) —
Randolph emp Fenwick & Co r 95 Esgore dr (N Y) — Robt h 591
Logan av — Robt emp Metro Sheet Metal r 68 Victor av — Robt sis
engineer Rudel Mach h 60 Wantanopa cres (Scar) — Robt E S
master mech IBM r 31 Castlefield av — Ronald r 147 Dovercourt rd
— Rose r 5 Rideau av — Ruth r 106 Beverley —Sandra J elk Bank of
Com r 43 Pepler av (E Y) — Sarah priv sec North American Life &
Casualty Co r 128 Rosedale hgts — Shirley r 37 Prince Arthur av —
Shirley bkpr Tubecraft of Canada r 43 Ashbury av (Y T) —Shirley Mrs
elk Bank of Com r 244 Church —Shirley receptionist Fredk S
Nishikawa r 60 Haig av (Scar) — Shirley A elk Bell Tel r 252 Dufferin
—Stephen A studt r 745 Coxwell av — Stuart & Co Ltd Wm G
Stewart mgr marine surveyors 501, 21 King e —Susan J typist
Stevenson & KeUogg r 10 Sandringham dr (N Y) — Sydney elect h
86 Seaton — Sylvester emp Can Steamship Lines r 47 Northcote — T
with Telegram r 1 Marydon cres (Agincourt) — Terance meter reader
Gas Co r 177 WoodviUe av (E Y) — Theresa priv sec Beneficial
Finance r 43 Lockerbie av (N Y) — Thos tlr Simpsons h 745 Coxwell
av — Thos tchr Park Pub Schl r 745 Coxwell av —Thos D chief
engineer Cannon Electric h 138 Tower dr (Scar) —Thos J t p c PO r
1239 Bloor w — Thos J H elk Premier Cycle & Sport Shop r 194 Perth
av — Thos T C locksmith Brimstin & Dollack h 194 Perth av —
Veniata practical nurse r 189 Margueretta —Victor N ins adjuster W
A King & Co Ltd r 16 Wellsworth dr (Etob) —Victoria r 173 Northcliffe
blvd (Y T) —Violet V Mrs nursing aide Metro Tor r 189 Margueretta
— W Geo tchr Riverdale Coll Inst h 180 McKee av (Willowdale) —
Waltdr h 31 Huron —Walter elk Ryder's r 1, 36 Station rd (Mim) —
Walter W h 50 Maclean av — Warren r 102 Lee av —Warren
musician h 658 Kennedy rd (Scar) HAYES — Wilfred h 1279 Gerrard
e — Wilfred assmblr Massey- Ferguson r 176 First av — Wm h 66
Evans av (Etob) — Wm h 191 Lansdowne av — Wm r 5 Rideau av —
Wm asst shpr D A Balfour Co r 29 Badgerow av — Wm emp Laidlaw
Co r 47 Northcote av — Wm firemn CPR h 414 Lansdowne av — Wm
garbage coll Leas Municipal Offices r 1161 Woodbine av (E Y) — Wm
opr Cuttell Bros r 8 Alton av — Wm steelwkr Standard Steel h 8
Alton av — Wm tchr Etob Bd of Educ r 11 Winston Park blvd (N Y) —
Wm timekeeper Township of Leaside r 22 Canning avenue — Wm A
h 232 Ridley blvd (N Y) — Wm E elk CNR h 31 Olive av (Willowdale)
— Wm E p c PO r 73 Ellerslie av (Willowdale) — Wm G h 95
Macdonell av — Wm J h 25 East rd (Scar) — Wm T sec assessment
committee Workmen's Compensation Bd r 28 Benary cres (Scar) —
Wm W h 133 Yarmouth rd — Winnifred drsmkr r 137 Vaughan rd (Y
T) — Wyman G vice-pres & sis mgr McVittie-Hayes Co Ltd h 7
Cedarwood av (N Y) — & Lailey (Luke E Hayes) religious textiles
416, 64 Wellington w Hayesmore Cecil P maintenance engineer Dom
Bridge Hayes-Sheen Chas steelwkr Dom Bridge r 62 Wishing Well dr
(Scar) Hayford Harry S h 35 Woodrow blvd n (Scar) — Lionel E
(Devon Metal Products) h 15 Madelaine av (Scar) Haygarth Fredrick r
148 Margueretta — Meta A h 148 Margueretta — Wallace S vehicle
mech Bell Tel r 77 Cadorna av (E Y) — Wm P issuer CNR h 77
Cadorna av (E Y) Hayhoe Ann tchr Queen Victoria Schl r 64 Indian
Grove — Arthur P sec-treas R B Hayhoe & Co Ltd h 29 Highview cres
— Caleb J studt r 64 Indian Grove — Elizth Mrs h 305, 2 Regal rd —
Frank R elk Bank of N S r 29 Highview cres — Geo E vice pres R B
Hayhoe & Co Ltd h 64 Indian Grove — H Aileen dietitian R B Hayhoe
& Co r 591 Lake Shore rd (Mim) — Harold vice pres W M Martin
Wholesale Ltd res Pine Grove — J Cecil president R B Hayhoe & Co
Ltd h 40 Halford av (Y T) — Kathleen sis elk Birks r 166 Pape av —
Mary E tchr Rawlinson Public Schl r 64 Indian Grove — R B & Co Ltd
J Cecil Hayhoe pres, Geo Hayhoe vice-pres, Arthur Hayhoe sec-treas
tea, coffee & conf supplies 1381 Castlefield av (Y T) — R J elk Rosco
Metal res Pine Grove — Ralph J h 591 Lake Shore rd (Mim) — Richd
S president Maypole Dairy Ltd h 8 Riverside trail (Swan) Hayhurst
Cigar Store (Mrs Ada McDonald) cigars & tob 1216 Queen e — Dia
sec r 66 Madison av — Donald trk drvr Reliable Tobacco Co r 457
Huron — Ena h 208 Greenwood av —Eric purch officer Reform
Institutions Dept r 45 Thurston rd — F H Co Ltd, The W Palmer
Hayhurst pres. Geo F Hayhurst vice-pres & sec-treas advertising 2nd
& 4th fir s , 7 King e — G F electrical engineer Ont Hydro h 12
Meadowvale dr (Etob) — Geo E slsmn Peckover's Ltd r 939 Gerrard e
— Geo F vice-pres F H Hayhurst Co h 1 Sherbourne n — Isaac B
personnel suprvsr Candn Kodak h 51 Meadowvale dr (Etob) — J
Stanley mach J S Armstrong Machines r 939 Gerrard e — John M
traffic mgr Lincoln Electric h 183 Woburn avenue — Reginald mach
Massey- Ferguson h 173 Eastwood road — Richd A r 939 Gerrard e
— Robt B acct Union Carbide h 85 Eastwood rd — Sophia (wid
Isaac) h 3, 17A Cordelia av (Y T) — Thos h 939 Gerrard e — Victor J
m h PO r 6 Rushley dr (Scar) — Wm L patent attorney Ridout &
Maybee h 103 Clyde (N Y) — Wm P president F H Hayhurst Co h 109
Dunvegan rd (F H) Hayland's Marine & Sports (Gordon Hayes &
Clarence Bland) 767 Main n (N Y) Hayle Thos B typist Life
Underwriters Assn of Can r 71 Wilson av Hayler Chas staty engineer
Gair Co h 98 Ambleside av (Etob) —Kenneth elk Truck Crane
Services r 98 Ambleside av (Etob) Hayles Donald W chief elk The
Chesapeake & Ohio Rly Co res Port Credit —Edna E Mrs elk Bank of
Mont r 19, 81 Clearview hgts (Y T) —Harold assmblr Moffats h 51
Gaydon av (N Y) —John E A emp Moffats h 33 Harding av (N Y) —
John R emp Gerrard Hotel r 316, 260 Sumach Hayley Garth H chart
acct McDonald, Currie & Co h 83 Moore av —Roy mach Barber Green
h 49 Magnolia av (Scar) — Wm carp h 307 Scarlett rd (Etob) Haylock
Chester pressmn Star r 108 Hollis av (Scar) — Edith A h 33 Twenty-
Fourth (LB) — Edwd J prntr Copp Clark Co r 33 Twenty-Fourth (L B)
—John R lab Metro Tor h Highland Creek dr (Scar) —June E stenog
Shell Oil r 54 Westgate blvd (N Y) —Robt emp CBC h 202, Unit 1,
415 Lake Shore rd (Mim) —Robt W insp Candn Surety h 25
Merryfield dr (Scar) —Russel G emp Reg L Boxer h 83 Thirty-Eighth
(L B) --Thos emp CNR h 83 Thirty-Eighth (L B) —Thos emp Reg L
Boxer h 83 Thirty-Eighth (L B) — Wm G sec-acct American Optical h
54 Westgate blvd (N Y) Hayloft Bar-B-Q (Douglas H Foster) 753 The
Queensway (Etob) Haylow Lawrence slsmn OPW Paints h 14
Romana dr (Scar) Hayman Albt emp Sunnybrook Hosp r 530
Strathmore boulevard —Anthony S rep Ont Hosp Serv Commn r 114
Poyntz av (Willowdale) _ Arthur A brkr Hector M Chisholm & Co h
501, 660 Eglinton av w (F H) —Beatrice (wid Thos) r 642 Glen Grove
av w (N Y) _ Carl drvr Can Packers r 218 Wright av — E M Miss elk
Confed Life Assn r 429 Woodfield rd —Edison h 402 , 110 St Clair av
w _ Eva (wid John) h 470 Clendenan av _ Fred mfrs agt 106
Adelaide w res Richmond Hill _ Gordon V acct Phillips Radio r 231
Victor av — Hye (Bestway Garage) h 297 Ridley blvd (NY) — Ida r
87 Oxford —Jean (wid Arthur S) h 42 Kingsway cres (Etob) —Jessie
(wid John) r 3 , 2 Huntley — John p c Metro Pol h 55 Forman av —
John L dir Goulding, Rose & Turner Ltd h 93 _ Esgore dr (N Y)
HAYMAN — Joy bkpr h 99 Browning av — Julius publisher The
Jewish Standard h 3, 44 Meadowbrook rd (NY) — Keith grouphead
copy dept J Walter Thompson Co h 606, 214 St George — Laura D
(wid Cyril) h 231 Victor av — Lewis h 26 Castle Frank cres — Margt
elk CNR h 30 Pinewood av — Melvin wrehsemn h 29 Jennings av —
Norman taxi drvr h 1570 Dupont —Patricia studt nurse Tor Western
Hosp r same — Phyllis emp CIL r 470 Clendenan av — Roy mech F &
E Lightning Cheque Writer Sales r 3800 Lawrence av e (Scar) —
Stanley elk C N Exp h 429 Woodfield rd —Stanley D moulder Modern
Containers Ltd h 4 Harcourt av — Thos aero engineer A V Roe h 5 ,
2 175 Avenue rd n (NY) — Wendy J sec Park Plaza r 26 Castle Frank
cres — Wilhelmina (wid Thos) h 5, 2175 Avenue rd n (N Y) — Wm J
field sis engineer Beckman Insrruments r 355 Beechgrove dr (Scar)
— Wm W barber King Cowan Barber Shop h 9 Keystone avenue —
Wilma hsekpr r 545 Douglas av (N Y) Haymes Alanbkr Mimico
Bakery r 63 Station rd (Mim) — Jas A security guard Keith's Clnrs h
20 Northcliffe boulevard Haynar Fred mail carrier PO h 569 Danforth
rd (Scar) Hayne Alan E tchr Scar Bd of Educ h 5 Harewood av (Scar)
— David M registrar Univ College res Highland Creek — Donald R
customers' man S J Brooks & Co h 208, 120 Broadway av — Doris M
dictaphone opr Candn Ins Services r 71 Lynn dres (Scar) — Harwood
pipe ftr English & Mould h 44 Aldgate av (Etob) — John E comml
suprvsr results Bell Tel h 123 Lascelles blvd — John R splicer Bell Tel
r 123 Lascelles blvd — Vernon (Capital Signs) r 71 Lynvalley cres
(Scar) *Haynes, see also Haines and Hanes —Ada P (wid Chas) h
15, 100 Vaughan rd (Y T) — Allan A m h PO h 105 Oxford — Alloys
Co (div of Union Carbide Can Ltd) 805 Davenport rd —Anne (wid
Wm H) h 2065 Gerrard e — Archie W elect h 297 Milverton blvd —
Art Gallery (Chas E Howard) paintings 60 Avenue road — Arthur elk
Ford Motor Co h 588 Warden av (Scar) — Auto Electric Ltd Pat
Harford mgr auto electrical rprs & tune ups 154 York — B J asst prof
civil engineering U of T r 8 Dervock cres (Willowdale) —Bertha M elk
Metro Treas Dept r 318 Waver ley rd —Bessie hsekpr r 69 Bayview
Ridge (N Y) —Betty Y chkr Royal Bank h 577 Woburn av (N Y) —
Chas pntr h 42 Eastville av (Scar) — Chas H foremn wldr Deckert &
Dancy Assoc h 125 Brownville av (Y T) —Clarence porter CNR h 899
Bathurst —David R engineer Federal Equip h 10 Dewitt rd (Etob) —
Donald C elk Mnfrs Life res Stouffville — Edwd trk drvr Oshawa
Wholesalers h 180j Albany avenue — Edythe with Steele Briggs r
311 Sherbourne — Elsie (wid Herbt) h 87 Woodville av (E Y) — Elsie
Mrs graduate nurse Tor Western Hosp r 376 Gladstone av —Eric T
slsmn Rochester & Pittsburgh Coal Co h 147 Leacrest rd (Leas) —
Esther L hrdrsr Rosann Cherry Beauty Salon r 1401 Eglinton av w (Y
T) — Florence (wid F G) h 7 Campbell cres (N Y) — Fred J ins 307,
80 Richmond w r 1, Bldg 32 Sheppard av e (N Y) — Fredk h 4
Whaley dr (Etob) — Gary cook h 685 Spadina av — Geo decorator h
39 Marlborough av — Geo dispatcher Checker Taxi h 8I5
Marlborough av — Geo engineer Gibson Bros h 31 Sammon av (E Y)
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