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HISTORY OP GREENE COUNTY. 147 of the slain, —
grenadier caps, officers' gold-laced coats, and glitteringepaulettes, —
■flourishing swords and sabres, or liring off muskets, and uttering
tiend-like yells of victory. But when De Contrec(jeur was informed of
the utter rout and destruction of the much dreaded British army, his
joy was complete. He ordered the guns of the fort to be lired in
triumph, and sent out troops in pursuit of the fugitives.'Braddock lost
all his papers, orders and correspondence, even to his own
commission, his military chest containing £25,000 in money, and one
hundred beeves. Washington lost his journal and the notes of his
campaign to Fort Necesity of the year before. Indeed, with the
exception of Orme's journal and a seaman's diary, no papers were
sa^ed. In a letter to his brother Augustine, Washington recounted
his losses and privations in his several public services, in a repining
strain. " 1 was employed to go a journey in the winter, when I
believe few or none would have undertaken it, and what did I get by
it?— my expenses borne. I was then appointed, with trifling pay, to
conduct a handful of men to the Ohio. What did I get by that? Why,
after putting myself to a considerable expense in equipping and
providing necessaries for the campaign, 1 went out, was soundly
beaten, and lost all! Came in and had my commission taken from
me; or, in other words my command reduced, under a pretence of
an order from home (England). I then went out a volunteer with
General Braddock, and lost all my horses, and many other things.
But this being a voluntary act, I ought not to have mentioned it; nor
should I have done it, were it not to show that I have been on the
losing order ever since I entered the service, which is now nearly
two years." Ah! George, this does look like a sad case to you now!
You did lose a few horses with their trappings; you did suffer on a
winter tramp through the forest and were flred at by the savage,
and hurled into the icy current of the river. Yo\j did get entrapped at
Fort Necessity, and on Braddock's field innumerable bullets were
aimed at you, when pale with sickness you rode np and down that
bloody ground. But, my young friend, did you ever cast up your
gains in these campaignings? You did sufter some losses in horses
and bridles and the like. But there was not a true breast in all
America that did not swell with pride when it knew of the fidelity and
resolution you displaj^ed in the trusts imposed upon you, and the
gallant manner in which you acted on that fatal field, when all
around you seemed stricken with terror and dismay, and your
General was bleeding with a mortal hurt. You did indeed lose some
sleep, and disease preyed upon your system in consequence of
exposure; but there was not an Englishman anywhere in the civilized
world who M'as not touched with some share of your anguish when
the story ol 7*
148 HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY, your heroism was
rehearsed; not a Christian in all the land who could not join with the
President of Princeton College, the Rev. Samuel Davis, who referred
in a sermon preached not long after the event to "that heroic youth.
Colonel Washington, whom I cannot but hope Providence has
hitherto preserved in so signal a manner for some important service
to his country." CHAPTER X. Seven Years' War Opened — Indians
Inspired by Defeat of Braddock — Terrible War Upon Settlers —
French Offer Rewards FOR Scalps — Line of Forts Along the
Kittatinny Hills P^RANKLIN in CoMMANI) ARMSTRONG AT
KiTTANNING LoRD Loudon Unsuccessful — Williaje Pitt Comes to
Power — AberCROMBIE AND BoSCAWEN TiCONDEROGA HeLD, BUT
FrONTENAC Lost by the French — General Forbes at Fort du Quesne
— Moravian Post Sent to the Indians — The Vicegerent of the Lord
— Indians Superstitious — Indian Methods — Fort du Quesne
Occupied — Amuerst in Command — Ticonderoga and Crown Point
and Niagara Taken— Wolf on the Plains of Abraham — Quebec
Defended — Montreal Captured — The French Expelled From North
Amekk a East of the Mississippi— Pitt's Yigokous Policy Everywhere
Crowned with Success — But at a Cost of $560,000,000 — EncxLIsh
Speaking and Not French. ri^HOUGIl some advantages had been
gained at Nova Scotia and at X Fort William Henry in New York, yet
the great disaster to Braddock, on whose success towering hopes
had been formed, spread gloom through the colonies and touched
the pride of the British nation. Seeing that the claims of the French
to the country west of the Alleghany Mountains as well as the
northern frontiers of the colonies were likely to be vigorously
pushed, the English government determined to assert counter claims
with even greater vigor. Accordingly war was declared against
Fj"ance on the 17th of May, 1756, and General Abercrombie was
sent to take active command in the Held in place of Shirley, who had
succeeded to the command on the fall of Braddock, and Lord
Loudon, who had been appointed Governor of Virginia, was placed in
supreme command of all the armies in America. The plan of
campaign of 1756 was a vigorous one.
HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY. 149 Teu thousand men
were to attuck C'ro\vn Point, six thousand were to advance upon
Niagara, three tliousand were to constitute the cohnnn to move
against Fort du Quesne, and two. thousand were to descend from
the Kennebec upon the French upon the Chaudiere River. But before
any movement could be made, tlie French, under Montcahn, crossed
Lake Ontario, captured Fort Ontario, killing tlie commander, Colonel
Mercer, took fourteen hundred prisoners, a quantity of arms and
stores, and several vessels, and liaving destro^'ed the forts,
returned to Canada without serious loss. This threw" the whole
frontier of New York and the Six Nations, who had remained loyal to
the English, open to the French. Previous to the expedition of Bi-
addock, the Indians along the upper Ohio, the Shawneese and
Delawares, had been kept by frequent friendly messages from their
Fathers, the Governors of the colonies, but more by high piled up
presents, true to their allegiance to the English. Indeed so much
confidence had the friendship of the tribes inspired that several
families had settled along the valley of the Monongahela, in
Pennsylvania. But the coming of a detachment of the French army
with their great guns, dressed in showj^ uniforms, the officers
bedecked with gold lace and nodding plumes, and taking possession
unopposed of the strong fort the English were building, changed all
this. They concluded that the French had established themselves
permanently here, and consequently they were easily won over, and
induced to light with what they judged was the stronger party. When
Braddock came they were seized with fear at the appearance of
strength, and were with great difficulty induced to go out with
Beaujeu to offer light. But when they found how easily this great
force of English was overcome, and what a harvest of scalps and
booty they gathered with little loss to themselves, they were inspired
with great contempt for the red coats, and a corresponding
admiration for the French. That battle aroused all the bloody
instincts that are common to the savage breast. So confident did the
French become that they could hold the country by the aid of the
natives, that instead of reinforcing the fort with additional troops,
they actually sent away a portion of those who were there to
Yenango and other posts beyond. "VVlien, therefore, Braddock's
column retreated out of the Monongahela valley, the settlers,
knowing their insecurity, fled to the nearest forts for safety. The
savages had now the taste of blood, and like wild beasts would not
be satisfied until they w^ere gorged. Not two months from the time
when the English retired, the warrior chieftain, Shingiss, with a band
of warriors from the Delawares and Shawneese, had moved out to
the Alleghanies and crossed the summits. Being now upon tlie war-
path, witli stenltliy step lie came upon the unsuspecting settle)-, and
his stony heart was untouciied by
150 HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY. the cries for pity. The
tender infant and trembling age were mercilessly tomahawked and
scalped, and their cabins burned. On the 4th of October, wrote to
Col. Burd: "Last night came to the Mill at Wolgomoth's, an Express
going on to the Governor of Maryland with an account of the
inhabitants being out on Patterson's Creek; and about the fort the
express says, there is forty killed and takeli, and that one whole
family was burned to death in a house. The Indians destroyed all
before them, firing Houses, Barnes, Stackyards and everything that
will burn." Governor Sharpe, of Maryland, writes a few days later to
the Governor of Pennsylvania, "I have received several letters
advising me that the Indians have since the 1st inst. (Oct.) cut off a
great n>any families who lived near Fort Cumberland, and on both
sides of Potowmack some miles eastward of the fort. It is supposed
that near one hundred persons have been murdered, or carried
away prisoners by these barbarians, who have burnt the houses, and
ravaged all the plantations. Parties of the enemy appear within sight
of Fort Cumberland every day, and frequently in greater numbers
than the garrison consists of. As I presume it will not be long before
these people pay a visit to your borders. I take this opportunity of
intimating what I think may be expected." And now the torch of
savage warfare liglited up all the bordei'. and even penetrated far
into the older settled portions of the country. AVeiser, the Indian
trader, sent word to Governor Morris of a massacre which had taken
place on John Penn's Creek, Avliich flows into the Susquehanna five
miles above the confluence of the North and West branches.
"Several people have been found scalped and twentyeight are
missing; the people are in great consternation, and are coming down
leaving their plantations and corn behind them." A party who had
been to Shamokiu to ascertain where the enemy had come from
who had perpetrated the outrages on Penn's Creek, were fired on by
lurking savages on their return, and four were killed and four
drowned in attempting to cross the river. Warned of their danger, the
settlements for fifty miles along the river Susquehanna were
abandoned. "The people," says Governor Morris to the Governor of
Virginia, " are mostly without arms, and struck with such a panick
that they flee as fast as they can from their habitations." The
portents of Indian depredations now thickened on every side, and no
doubt exaggerated reports of the coming of the French and Indians
helped to swell the consternation. The settlement at Great Cove, in
Cumberland County, was attacked on Sunday morning, Nov. 2d,
when six were killed and seventeen borne away into a captivity more
terrible than death. The town of Little Cove and Conoloways, on the
following day were attacked, and the sherifi' of the county, Mr.
Potter, reported "that of ninety-three fantilies which were settled in
HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY. 151 tlie two Coves and tiie
Conoloways, forty-seven were either killed or taken and the rest
deserted." Encouraged by their snccesses gained over defenseless
settlers whom they stole npon and murderetl, the Indians pushed on
into Berks County, and on the 18th of November the Governor
informed the Mayor of Philadelphia, "that the Indians have fallen
upon the settlements of Tulpehoscon; that they had slaughtered
many of the inhabitants, and laid waste the country, and were
moving towards the town of Reading, which is within sixty miles of
this city. The Moravian settlement on the Lehigh was attacked, and
their meeting-house, dwellins^ houses, barns, in which were hay,
horses, and forty head of fat cattle, were destroyed. The Indians had
now compassed the whole frontier east of the mountains, stretching
from the Delaware Water Gap to the Potomac waters, a distance of
150 miles, and a breadth of twenty to thirty miles. In a report to the
Council made on the 29th of November, the Secretary said, the
frontier -• has been entirely deserted, the houses and improvements
reduced to ashes, the cattle, horses, grain, goods, and elfects of the
inhabitants either destroyed, burned, or carried off by the Indians.
All our accounts agree in this, that the French since the defeat of
Gen. Braddock, have gained over to their interest the Delaware?,
Shawanees, and many other Indian nations formerly in our alliance,
and on whom, through fear and their large promises of rewards for
scalps, and assurances of reinstating them in the possession of the
lantls they have sold to the English, they have prevailed to take up
anus against us, and to join heartily with -them in the execution of
the ground they have been long meditating, the possession of all the
country between the river Ohio and the river Susquehanna, and to
secure that possession by building a strong fort at Shamokin, which,
by its so advantageous situation at the conflux of the two main
branches of Susquehanna, one whereof interlocks with the waters of
the Ohio, and the other heads in the center of the country of the Six
Nations, will command and make the French entire masters of all
that extensive, rich and fertile country, and of all the trade with the
Indians, and from whence they can at pleasure enter and annoy our
territories, and put an effectual stop to the future extension of
oursettlement on that quarter, not to mention the many other
obvious mischiefs and fatal consequences that must attend their
having a fort at Shamokin." So deadly had the Indian incursions
become and so threatening to the peace and safety of the colony,
that the Governor, on the 14th of April, issued liis proclamation
declaring war against the Delawares, and offering a reward for
Indian scalps and prisoners. In Virginia the enemy showed a like
activity hovering about the fort at Mills Creek, and even ])ushing
forward till they had actually reached and invested the town of
Winchester. Whereu])on the Gov
152 HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY. ernor called out the
militia of the eleven contiguous counties. But the campaign
undertaken was fruitless, for when the Indians perceived a
competent force opposed to them, dispersed and disappeared, or
lured their pursuers on to destruction. To check the progress of
these savage inroads upon the settlements troops were raised in
Pennsylvania through the influence of Franklin, and a line of forts
was erected along the Kittatinny Hills, extending from the Delaware
to the Patomac, at a cost of £85,000; those on the east bank of the
Susquehanna being Depui, Lehigh, Allen, Everitt, Williams, Henry,
Swatara, Hunter, Halifax and Augusta, and those on the west bank
Louther, Morris, Franklin, Granville, Shirley, Lyttleton and Loudoun.
Much difficulty was experienced in overcoming the scruples of the
Quakers; but Franklin issued and circulated a dialogue answering the
objections to a legalized militia, and at the earnest solicitation of the
Governor, he was put in command of the troops raised. As soon,
however, as he had the requisite force and saw the work of locating
and building the forts well under way he retired to take his seat in
the assembly, and Colonel Clapham was left m command. In July,
1756, King Shingiss, with a hostile band, appeared before P'ort
Granville, now Lewistown, and finding it feebly manned, carried it by
storm, killing some of its defenders, and carrying away captives a
considerable number of inmates. The home of this formidable chief
was Kittanning, on the banks of the Allegheny Kiver. Here he had
quite a town, and here dwelt Captain Jacobs, chief of the Delawares.
The French supplied them with arms and ammunition and needed
supplies, which were floated down the Venango and Allegheny
liivers. At the time of this attack u]ion the fort at Lewistown, Colonel
John Armstrong was in command of the Second regiment of
Pennsylvania troops, stationed west of the Susquehanna, and it was
determined to send him in pursuit of these dusky warriors.
Cantiousl}' pushing forward from tlie point of rendeznous at Fort
Shirley, now Huntingdon County, with a force of some three hundred
men, sending forward scouting parties to prevent discovery, he
fortunately came in close upon the town without discovery. From his
official report dated at Fort Lyttleton (Bedford), September 14, lie
says: AVe lost much time "from the ignorance of our pilots, who
neither knew the true situation of the town, nor the best paths that
led thereto; by which means after crossing a number of liills and
valleys our front reached the river Allegheny about one hundred
perches l)elow the main body of the town a little before the setting
of the moon, to which place, rather than by pilots, we were guided
by the beating of the drum, and the whooping of the warriors at
their dances. It then became us to make the ])est use of onr
moonlight; but we were aware an Indian whistled in a very singular
History of oreene county. 153 manner, about thirty perches
from our front in the foot of a cornfield, upon which we iininediately
sat down, and after passing silence to the rear, I asked one Baker, a
soldier, who was our best assistant, whether that was not a signal to
their warriors of our approacii. He answered, "no;" and said it was
the manner of a young fellow calling a squaw, after he had done his
dance, who, accordingly kindled a tire, cleaned liis gun, and shot it
off before he went to sleep." The night w'as warm and the Indians
prepared to sleep in different parts of the corn field, building some
light tires to drive aw^ay gnats. Sending a part of his force along
the hills to the right to cut off retreat in that direction, he himself led
the larger part below and opposite the cornfield where he supposed
the warriors- lay. At break of day the attack was made, advancing
rapidly through the corn and sending a detachment to advance up in
the houses. "Captain Jacobs then gave the warwhoop, and with
sundry other Indians, as the English prisoners afterwards told us,
cried, 'the white men were at last come, they would have scalps
enough,' but at the same time oi'dered the squaws and children to
flee to the woods." The lire in the corn field was brisk, and from the
houses, which were built of logs and loopholed, the Indians did
some execution without exposing themselves. Accordingly the order
was given to fire the houses, and as the flames spread the Indians
were summoned to surrender, but one of them said: "I am a man,
and will not be a prisoner." He was told that he would be burned. To
this he replied that he did not care for he would kid four or five
before he died. "As the fire began to approach, and the smoke grow
thick, one of the Indian fellows to show his manhood began to sing.
A squaw in the same house, and at the same time, was heard to cry
and make a noise; but for so doing was severely rebuked by the
men; but, by and by, the fire being too hot for them, two Indian
fellows and a squaw sprang out and made for the corn field, who
were immediately shot down; then surrounding the houses, it was
thought Captain Jacobs tumbled himself out at the garret or cockloft
window at which he was shot— our prisoners offering to be qualified
to the powder-horn and pouch, there taken off him, which they say
he had lately got from a French officer, in exchange for Lieutenant
Armstrong's boots, wiiich he carried from Fort Greenville, where the
Lieutenant was killed. The same prisoners say they are perfectly
assured of his scalp, as no other Indians there wore their hair in the
same manner. They also say they know the squaw's scalp by a
particular bob, and also know the scalp of a young Indian called the
King's Son. Before this time. Captain Hugh Mucer, who early in the
action was wounded in the arm, had been taken to the top of the hill
above the town, to where a number of the men and some of the
officers were gathered."
X54 HISTOEY OF GREENE COUNTV. Wlieii all the houses
had been lired Colonel Armstrong determined to take to the hills
before destroying the corn and beating up the savages probably
lurking there, for fear of being surrounded and cut off by
reinforcements from Du Quesne, or French comijig down the rfver,
as Indians had been seen crossing the river from above, "DuriuD-
the burning of the houses," says Colonel Armstrong, " wliich were
nearly thirty in number, we were agreeably entertained with a quick
succession of charged guns gradually tiring off, as they were reached
by the lire; but more so with the vast explosion of sundry bags and
large kegs of gun powder, where with almost every house abounded.
The prisoners afterwards informed us that the Indians had
frequently said they had a suthcient stock of ammunition for ten'
years, to war with the English. AVith the roof of Captain Jacob's
house, when the powder blew up, was thrown the leg and thio-h of
an Indian, with a child of three or four years old, such a height that
they appeared as nothing, and fell into the adjacent coi'n field.
There was also a great quantity of goods burnt, which the Indians
had received but ten days before from the French." On the day
before a party of twenty-four Indians had been sent out from
Kittanning as the advance force that was to have followed, to
destroy Fort Shirley, Croghan's fort on the Juniata. This scoutino-
party fell in with a party of Armstrong's men, under Lieutenant
Hoo:g, who had been left in charge of the horses and baggage, and
a sharp skirmish ensued causing loss on both sides, but in which the
savages were eventually put to tlight. Lieutenant Hogg was mortally
wounded. Thou'di there was not so miuch accomplished as could
have been desired, owing to the ignorance of the guides, and the
difficulty of approaching so alert and wily a foe, yet it must be
regarded as a sio-nal success, brought about by a display of bravery
and skill rarely excelled in conducting campaigns against Indians.
The place had to be found by ways entirely unknown to them ; the
log-houses were well provided with port-holes, from which the
occupants could fire upon the troops approaching without exposing
themselves, and the corn field gave cover to the skulking manner of
savage warfare. In the face ot'these difficulties Armstrong boldly
advanced till lie found the town, skillfully posted his little force so as
to cut off retreat, and after a stubborn tight put the savages to the
swofd, burned their town, destroyed their supplies of ammunition
and French goods, and brought ofi" his force with but the loss of
seventeen killed, thirteen wounded, and nineteen missing. The loss
of the Indians was unknown, "but on a moderate computation, it is
generally believed that there cannot be less than thirty or forty killed
or mortally wounded." The blow was sorely felt by the Indians. It
called a halt in their ravacres, and reminded them that there were
blows to take as well as
The text on this page is estimated to be only 0.12%
accurate
- l^rSst^iS^- \ — i; J^J^G-i^^ € ^ad
HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY. 157 give. It caused them to
ask themselves what tliey were gaining by their warfare upon the
English, and what they were really receiving from the French beyond
ammunition and guns with whicli to prosecute the war. They found
themselves pushed forward to do the figliting while the French could
lay back in their secure fortilications, and reap the advantages of
their temerity. Great was the rejoicing in Philadelphia at the result of
this expedition; the councils voted thanks for the success attendincr
the enterprise, and the sum of £150, for the purcliase of presents for
tlie officers and for the relief of the families of the killed. On the
commander M^as bestowed a medal bearing on one side the words,
" Kittanning destroyed by Colonel Armstrong, September, 1756," and
on the other, "The gift of the corporation of Philadelphia.'' The
campaign of 1757 in America, was conducted on tlie part of the
English with little judgment or vigor. The dilatory, brainless Lord
Loudoun was in supreme command in xVmerica, and confined his
principal operation to an attack upon Louisburg. But when arrived
with a strong land force and a powerful fleet, l)eing told that the
enemy outnumbered him, he abandoned the enterprise and returned
to New York without even showinc^ a hostile front. In the
meantime, the French under Montcalm, had struck a blow at Fort
William Henry in northern New York, and compelled the garrison to
surrender, three thousand strong. In marchincr ofl' with the honors
of war accorded them by Montcalm, the enraged Indians, not
accustomed to see an enemy escape in that way, fell ujion the
retreating English and made a great slaughter, plundered their
baggage, and pursued them to their shelter. At this juncture of
disgrace (29th of June, 1757,) William Pitt was called to the head of
the British ministry. Mortified by the failures of his country, he
planned to prosecute the war in America in his peerless way. The
heartless Lord Loudoun was recalled and (4eiieral Al)ercroml)ie M'as
placed in command of the land, and Admiral Boscawen of a strong
naval force. Twelve thousand additional regulars were dispatched to
America, and the colonies were asked to raise twenty thousand
more, Pitt promising in the name of Parliament to furnish arms and
provisions, and to I'eimburse all the money expended in raising and
clothing them. The word of Pitt was magical, flfteen thousand
volunteering from New England alone. Louisl)urg, Ticonderoga, and
Fort Du Quesne, were to be the points of attack in the campaign of
1758. Admiral Boscawen arrived at Halifax in May with forty vessels
of war and twelve thousand men, under Generals Amherst and
Wolfe. Louisburg was invested, and though a vigorous defence for
fifty days was maintained, it was compelled to surrendei' with a loss
of Ave thousand prisoners, a large quantity of
158 HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY. munitions of war, and
the destruction of all the shipping in the harbor. But not so well fared
the advance upon Ticonderoga, which was made by General
Abercrombie and the young Lord Howe. With seven thousand
regulars, nine thousand provincials, and a heavy artillery train, an
advance was made upon the fort defended by Montcalm with
scarcely four thousand French. The attack was vigorously made, but
Lord Howe was killed in a skirmish with a scouting party, and after
four hours of severe lighting and the loss of two thousand men,
Abercrombie, finding the work stronger than he had anticipated, fell
back discomforted, and after sending out a force under Colonel
Bradstreet, who captured Fort Frontenac, and subsequently built Fort
StauAvix, where Rome, New York, now stands, and garrisoned Fort
George, he retired with the main body to Albany. The fall of
Frontenac, with the loss of a thousand prisoners, ten armed vessels,
lifty serviceable cannon, sixteen mortars, a large quantity of
ammunition and stores, and valuable magazines of goods designed
for trade with the Indians, was a heavy blow to the French, as it
deprived them of their great store-house for supplies. The campaign
against Fort I)u Quesne was entrusted to General John Forbes, with
about nine thousand men, including the Yirginia ^ militia under
Wasliington, stationed at Fort Cumberland. Forbes was a sick man,
and was detained on that account in Philadelphia, while Boquet, who
was second, moved forward with his forces. Washington favored an
advance by Braddock's road, but Boquet chose a line more direct,
and further north. The labor of cutting an entirely new road through
the trackless forest and over craggy steeps was toilsome. Li the
meantime, that the Indians, who had thus far fought desperately for
the French, might be weakened in their adherence, a messenger
was sent to visit the tribes upon the Ohio, to show these dusky men
of the forest how they were being used by their -masters the
French, for their own selfish purposes. The agent selected M-as a
Moravian, Christian Post, a man who had spent much time among
the Indians, and had married among them. He was a pious man
speaking much in scripture phrase, and apparently sincerely
believing that he was under the special care of divine Providence,
and it is a singular fact confirmatory of his belief, that although he
made two journeys back and forth conveying messages from the
Governor and from General Forbes, through a country everywhere
infested l»y hostile savages thirsting for scalps, he escaped
unharmed, and was everywhere kindly received and his pious
conversation treasured in their hearts. His broad brimmed hat was
like a halo over him. In closing his journal after a safe return, he
says, "The Lord has preserved me through all the dangers and
difficulties I have ever been
HISTORY OF GREENE COUNTY. 159 under. He directed me
according to his will, by his holy spirit. I had no one to converse with
but him. He brought me under a thick, heavy, and a dark cloud, into
the open air; for which I adore, praise, and worship the Lord my
God, that I know has grasped me in his liands, and has forgiven me
all my sins, and has sent and washed my heart with his most
precious blood; that 1 now live not for myself, but for him that made
me; and to do his holy will is my pleasure." Such was the spirit in
which he went, and it was this spirit which inclined the most warlike
and hostile Indians to listen. They would sliare with him their last
morsel, would conduct him on his way, and watch patiently over him
through the long hours of the gloomy night, that no evil should
befall him. They were, therefore, disposed to listen to his message,
and when he showed them tliat they were being put forward by the
French to light their battles, and that the purpose of the French was
to hold all this line country, and if they were successful in driving off
the English, they would then turn upon the poor Indians and drive
them off, they began to realize the truth of his words. The following
fragment of a conversation recorded in Post's first journal will
illustrate the nature of his mission: "Now Brother (Post), we
(Pisquetnmen, Tom Hickman, and Sliingiss), love you, but cannot
help wondering why the English and P^rench do not make up with
one another, and tell one another not to fight on our land."" Post
replied to them, " Brother, if the English told the French so a
thousand times, they never would go away. Brother, you know so
long as the world has stood there has not been such a war. You
know when the French lived on the other side the war was there,
and here we lived in peace. Consider how many thousand men are
killed, and how many houses are burned since the French lived liere;
if they had not been here it would not have been so; you know we
do not blame you; we blame the French; they are the cause of this
war; therefore, wedo not come to hurt you, but to chastise the
F'rench." The effect which the words of the messenger had upon the
Indians, may be judged by the following answer which was made to
a messenger of the Frencli wJio had come with wampum to summon
them to the fort, by a party of chieftains who had assembled to
confer with Post: '' Give it (the wampum) to the French captain and
let him go with his young men; he boasted much of his fighting;
now let us see his fiffhtin^. We have often ventured our lives for
him; and hardly a loaf of bread, when we came to him; and now he
thinks we sliould jump to serve him." The Indian is naturally a
worshiper, a bundle of superstitions. Though possessed of savage
instincts they were captivated by Post because he professed to be
ever under the control of the great spirit, and spoke with such trust,
as though he was upon earth a vicegerent
160 IIISTOltY OF GREENE COUNTY. of the Lord. Post
himself says of tliein; " There is not a prouder, or more high-minded
people, in themselves, than the Indians. They think themselves the
wisest and prudentest men in the world; and that tliey can
overpower both the French and English when they please. The white
people are in their eyes, nothing at all. They say that through their
conjuring craft, they can do what they please, and nothing can
withstand them. In their way of lighting, the}^ have this method, to
see that they first shoot the officers and commanders, and then they
say they shall be sure to have them. They also say, that if their
conjurers run through the middle of our people no bullet can hurt
them. They say too that when they have shot the commanders the
soldiers will all be confused, and will not know what to do. They say
of themselves, that every one of them is like a king and captain, and
fights for himself. They say that the English people are fools; they
hold their guns half man high, and then let them snap; we take sight
and have them at a shot and so do the French. They say the French
load with a bullet, and six swan shot. We take care to have the first
shot at our enemies and then they are half dead before they begin
to tight." The efforts of the messenger had great infiiience with the
savages. In the midst of his conference with them, a Cayuga Chief
delivered a string in the name of the Six Nations, who had always
remained true to the English, with these words: " Cousing, hear
what I have to say; I see you are sorry, and the tears stand in your
eyes. I would open your eyes, and clear your eyes from tears, so
that you may see, and hear what your uncles, the Six Nations have
to say. We have established a friendship with your brethren, the
English. We see that j^ou are all over bloody, on your body. I clean
the heart from dust, and your eyes from tears, and your bodies from
the blood, that you may hear and see your brethren, the English,
and appear clean befoi'e them, and that you may speak from the
heart with them." It is not strange -that the grave Cayuga chief
should say, remembering how the Ohio Indians had imbrued
themselves in the affair with Braddock and had murdered and
massacred along the whole frontier, "you are all over bloody, on your
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