A TECHNICAL REPORT ON STUDENT

INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE

SCHEME (SIWES)

UNDERTAKEN AT

INDEPENDENT NATIONAL ELECTORAL

COMMISSION (INEC)

ONOJA VICTOR
(SCI20STA051)

DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS,
FACULTY OF SCIENCE, FEDERAL
UNIVERSITY LOKOJA.

JUNE-NOVEMBER, 2024.
 DECLARATION

I, ONOJA VICTOR declare that this Technical Report is based on the

experiences I acquired during my six (6) months of Industrial Training at

INDEPENDENT NATIONAL ELECTORAL COMMISSION

HEADQUARTERS, LOKOJA. This report is written by me under the

supervision of Mr. I. A. Adeniyi. The information derived from the work was

been duly acknowledged in the text and a list of reference provided.

Name of Student Signature Date

2
 CERTIFICATION

This is to certify that ONOJA VICTOR with the matriculation number

SCI20STA051 in the Department of Statistics, Faculty of Sciences, Federal

University Lokoja, wrote this SIWES report on completion of his Industrial

Training at Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC).

________________ ____________

Mr. I. A. Adeniyi Date

Departmental supervisor

______________ _____________

Dr. Benson Onoghojobi Date

Head of Department

______________ _____________

Institutional SIWES Coordinator Date

Dr O. P. Otaru

3
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I wish to express my profound gratitude to God Almighty for his guidance and

grace throughout my life.

I am grateful to the entire staffs of National Inland Water Ways Authority

Lokoja, Kogi State for accepting me as a SIWES proposal in the Ministry, my

profound gratitude to Mr. Adams Kayode A, the Director of Planning

Research and Statistics department , for welcoming and educating me and also

for constant supervision as well as guidance to see the success of the course

program.

I appreciate all my amazing lecturers in the department, my wonderful

supervisor, Mr. I. A. Adeniyi thank you for support and advice. I am very

grateful to my departmental SIWES coordinator for the hard work and big effort

since the beginning of the program.

My regards to my parents, Mr/Mrs. Hamza Salau, my Uncle Pharm.

Abdulkareem Jamiu Asuku who financially supported my educational pursuit,

I say remain blessed by God Almighty and to my beloved siblings, Halima and

Kabir Hamza, I love you both, you are the best.

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 ABSTRACT

The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) established by the

Federal Government of Nigeria was aimed at exposing students of higher

institutions to acquire industrial skills and practical experiences in their

approved courses of study and also to prepare students for the Industrial work

situation which they are likely to meet after graduation. This Technical Report

is based on the experiences gained during my six (6) months of Industrial

Training undertaken at the Independent National Electoral Commission,

State Headquarters, Lokoja, Kogi State.

This report describes the activities and experiences gained during the period of

training. I acquired practical knowledge on application of statistical packages

such as using Microsoft Excel for Data Computation, Tabulation, Budget

Analysis and Performance. This report also elaborates the skills gained during

the training justifying the importance of the training scheme in equipping

students with necessary skills and experience for technical competence to thrive

when they are graduates and already in the real world.

DEDICATION

I dedicate this work to Almighty God.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE ……….……………………………………..……. 1

6
DECLARATION …………………………………………………………. 2

CERTIFICATION ……………………………..………………… 3

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT …………………………………………. 4

ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………. 5

DEDICATION……………………………………………………….… 6

TABLE OF CONTENT …………………………………………………. 7

CHAPTER 1 SIWES

1.1 Introduction ………………………………………………….. 10

1.2 Student’s Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES)……….

CHAPTER 2 INEC

2.1Historical Background of SIWES…………………………………… 11

2.2Aim and Objective…………………………………………………… 11

2.2.1 Aim………………………………………….

2.2.2 Objectives………………………………….

2.3Historical Background of INEC…………………………………… 13

2.4INEC Administration………………………………………………... 14

CHAPTER 3 RESEARCH, PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENT

3.0.1 Research, Planning and Environment…………………………… 17

3.1 Planning and it Role in INEC……………………………………. 17

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3.1.1 Budgeting and Budgeting Administration………………………… 18

CHAPTER 4 ANALYSIS

Regression Analysis ……………………………………………… 24

Annual Average Cost of Water Transportation ………………………… 25

CHAPTER 5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND

RECOMMENDATION

Summary ……………………………………………………………… 26

Conclusion ……………………………………………………………… 26

Recommendation ………………………………………………………. 27

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 CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME (SIWES)

According to Achiagha (1995), practical knowledge is learning without which

mastery of an area of knowledge may be too difficult to achieve. Practical

knowledge involves developing skills through the use of tools or equipment to

perform tasks that are related to a field of study. Such skills enable one to

harness the available resources to meet needs of society. It was to this

background that SIWES otherwise known as Industrial Training (IT) was

introduced in Nigerian tertiary institutions. SIWES is a skill development

program designed to prepare students of universities, polytechnics,

monotechnics and colleges of education for transition from the college

environment to work (Akerejola 2008). Oyedele (1990) states that work

experience is an educational program in which students participates in work

activities while attending school. This work experience gives students the

opportunity to be part of an actual situation outside classroom. SIWES is a

cooperative industrial internship program that involves institutions of higher

learning, industries, the federal government of Nigeria, Industrial Training Fund

(ITF), Nigerian Universities Commission (NUC), and NBTE/NCCE in Nigeria.

Students that participates in this work experience program includes those

studying library sciences, engineering, vocational, technological, other sciences

9
related courses in institutions of higher learning. SIWES forms part of the

approved minimum academic standards in these institutions. Eze (1998) points

out that the government has recognized the importance of SIWES through

establishment of the Industrial Training Fund (ITF). The ITF was established in

1971 and was charged with human resource development and training.

Following the establishment of ITF, SIWES was established in 1974.

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 CHAPTER TWO

HISTORICAL REVIEW

2.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF SIWES

Prior to the schemes establishment, there was growing concern among our

industrialists that graduates of our institutions of higher learning lacked

adequate practical background studies preparatory for employment in industries.

Thus, the employers were of the opinion that theoretical education going on in

higher institutions was not responsive to the need of the employers of Labour.

The Industrial Training Fund, during its formed in the years 1973/1974 was

introduced to acquaint students with the skills of handling employers equipment

and machinery.

2.2 Aims and Objectives of SIWES

2.2.1 Aims

SIWES was established with the aim of making education relevant and to bridge

the gap between the theory and practice of engineering, technology, and

science-related disciplines in tertiary institutions in Nigeria.

2.2.2 Objectives

The specific objectives of SIWES were summarized by the federal government

in its gazette of April, 1978 as follows:-

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1 To provide an avenue for students in institutions of higher learning to

acquire industrial skills and experiences in their courses of study.

1 To provide students with an opportunity to apply their knowledge in real

work and actual practice.

2 To make the transition from school to the world of work easier and to

enhance students contacts for later job placement.

3 To expose and prepare students of universities, polytechnics, colleges of

technology, colleges of agriculture and colleges of education to industrial

work situation they are likely to meet after graduation.

4 To expose students to work methods and technique in handling equipment

and machineries that may not be available in the institution.

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2.3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF NATIONAL INLAND

WATERWAYS AUTHORITY (NIWA)

National Inland Waterways Authority (NIWA) is a Parastatal of the Federal

Ministry of Transport. It is in charge of Inland Waterways, a branch of water

transport of the Ministry. The Authority is mainly in charge of planning,

monitoring, regulating and advising the FGN on all Inland Waterways activities

nationwide.

NIWA was established in 1998 as a Parastatal from the erstwhile (Old Marine)

Inland Waterways Department (IWD) of the Federal Ministry of transport,

which itself was established in 1956.

The National Inland Waterways Authority (NIWA) established vide an

Act of the National Assembly, CAP 47, Laws of the Federation of

Nigeria (LFN), 2004 (Decree No. 13 of 1997) is under the supervision of

the Federal Ministry of Transport.

The Law establishing NIWA gave it the following statutory roles:

 Provide regulation for inland water navigation;

 Ensure development of infrastructural facilities for a national inland

waterways connectivity with economic centers using the River Ports and

nodal points for inter-nodal exchanges;

 Ensure the development of indigenous technical and managerial skills to

meet the challenges of modern inland waterways transportation;

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  There are several other functions and powers of the Authority properly

enunciated and documented in laws establishing NIWA (NIWA ACT

CAP 47 LFN 2004).

NIWA is the Principal Regulator and Operator of activities in all Nigerian

Inland Waterways. It has the Power of exclusive management, direction

and control on the Nigerian Waterways. This Power is exercised on

Nigeria’s 10000km of navigable inland waterways from the

Nigeria/Niger and Nigeria/Cameroon borders to the Atlantic Ocean. The

inland waterways of Nigeria comprise the main river system (Rivers

Niger and Benue) which form a confluence at Lokoja, Creeks, Lagoons,

Lakes and Intracoastal waters.

NIWA is one of the seven Parastatals under Federal Ministry of

Transport. It has 20 Area offices with 1 Liaison office in Abuja (Federal

Capital Territory). It has its Headquarters in Lokoja.

2.4 NIWA ADMINISTRATION

NIWA is under the superintending responsibility of the Federal Ministry of

Transport and a Board of Directors. Its day-to day operations are driven by a

Managing Director/CEO who is assisted by General Managers and Heads of the

Units

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Departments

 Administration/ Human Resources;

 Finance and Accounts;

 Research, Planning and Environment;

 Engineering Services;

 Audit;

 Procurement;

 Marine Engineering, and

 Survey Unit

 Legal;

 Corporate Affairs.

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Fig.1: NIWA’s Organizational Structure

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 CHAPTER THREE

3.0 RESEARCH, PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENT DEPARTMENT

3.0.1 Research, planning and environment department is a one of the

departments that play vital roles in the upholding the effectiveness and

efficiency of running the Authority’s day-to day activities. As indicated in the

name, the department consist three (3) sub-units, namely:

I. Research;

II. Planning;

III. Environment.

As a statistics student I was privileged to have undergone my SIWES

programme under the Planning sub-unit in the department, under the

supervision of the Authority’s very Statistics Officers and planners.

III.1 Planning And Its Role in NIWA

The roles of the planning unit in NIWA were given as follows:

I. Short, Medium and long planning for Organization;

II. Budget and budgeting administration (i.e. Capital Budget and IGR

Budget);

III. Budget Implementation and Performance Report (different Form &

Purpose);

IV. Periodic Financial Report (quarterly, semi-annually and annual);

V. Routine Project Monitoring and Evaluation Report and others.

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III.1.1 Budget and Budgeting Administration: A budget is a financial

document used to project future income and expenses. The budgeting

process may be carried out by individuals or companies to estimate

whether a person/ company can continue to operate with its projected

income and expenses, the process therein is known as Budgeting

Administration and outcome/ document result from this logical process is

called Budget Proposal. In NIWA, there are Two (2) Different types of

Budget proposal. They are: Capital/ Subvention Budget and Internally

Generated Revenue Budget (IGR)

 Capital/ Subvention Budget

A Capital Budget (capital assets budget) includes planned outlays for capital

assets with long expected lives and which are designed to produce income or

support operations as well as provide social services to the beneficiaries. These

usually exceed cost minimums as dictated by accounting or tax rules, but not

limited to:

 Land

 Buildings

 Machineries

 Office Equipment

 Furniture And Fixtures

 Vehicles

 Investment in Other Companies

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  Internally Generated Revenue (IGR) Budget

This is another type of budget I experienced during my SIWES programme with

NIWA. In this case, all the expenditure is shouldered by the Internally

Generated Revenue, i.e., the revenue generated by the organization itself as

income, unlike subvention that is sponsored by FGN.

FEATURES OF AN IGR BUDGET

Unlike Capital Budget, the IGR Budget is characterized by the following:

 Source of income and projected income (not in Capita Budget) are self-

determined by the organization;

 Projected Expenditure both recurrent and Capital strictly in accordance

with the organization’s expected or projected income;

 Details of the Projects and proposed Expenditure must be spelt for

scrutiny, accountability and service delivery.

 Remittance: this is the part of the generated fund to be remitted to

Consolidated Revenue Fund (CRF) usually calculated in Percentage (%),

as for NIWA it was formerly 30% of the total revenue. However, it was

increased to 50% recently.

The below is the formal template of NIWA’s IGR Budget Proposal in

summary:

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 NATIONAL INLAND WATERWAYS AUTHORITY
PROPOSED YEAR 2020 INTERNALLY GENERATED REVENUE
YEAR 2020 PROPOSED INTERNALLY GENERATED REVENUE AND
EXPENDITURE BUDGET
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

S/N DETAILS AMOUNT TOTAL

(NGN)

1. PROJECTED REVENUE ************

2. EXPENDITURE

i. RECURRENT ***********
*
ii. CAPITAL ***********
*

3. REMITTANCE TO CRF ***********

*

4. OPERATING SURPLUS ***********

*

TOTAL *********** ************

*

20
COD SOURCE OF INCOME YEAR 2020 PROPOSAL
E

001 Right of Way ************

002 Dredging ************

003 Ferry Services ************

004 Dockyard Services ************

005 Water Users Association ************

006 Rent ************

007 Harbour/ Berthing ************

008 Advertisement ************

009 Utility ************

010 Consultancy ************

011 River Guide ************

012 Tender Documentation ************

013 Hiring Equipment ************

014 Others ************

TOTAL ************

During my period of SIWES, a survey was made on the 5yrs revenue

performance of NIWA with respect to the number of staffs (man

power) .A regression analysis was used to establish and measure the

21
degree of relationship between the revenue performance and the

manpower involved.

YEAR PROPOSED ACTUAL REVENUE GENERATED NO OF STAFF

2016 2520000150.00 990729991.92 513
2017 2550000000.00 1861634859.39 494
2018 2726212845.00 1473601850.00 530
2019 3262209850.83 1663501721.00 635
2020 3490112751.00 1751497262.28 786
2021 400652973.19 2151497262.28 825

YEAR ACTUAL REVENUE GENERATED NO OF STAFF

2016 990729991.92 513
2017 1861634859.39 494
2018 1473601850.00 530
2019 1663501721.00 635
2020 1751497262.28 786
2021 2151497262.28 825

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A graphical representation of the Actual revenue generated against

the years

BAR CHART SHOWING ACTUAL REVENUE

GENERATED
ACTUAL REVENUE GENERATED

2151497262.28

1861634859.39
1751497262.28
1663501721.00
1473601850.00

990729991.92

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

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 CHAPTER FOUR

4.1 ANALYSIS

REGRESSION ANALYSIS

Using the regression analysis to check the significant relationship and fit a

linear model to predict the Actual Revenue Generated when given the Number

of staff available in that year;

To show the linear model showing the relationship between Actual Revenue

Generated when given the Number of staff; I carried out the Regression

Analysis with R and below is the result;

Interpretation;

Y = 56531208.4 + 1718367.987X

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Conclusion

The linear model above implies that for each unit increase in Staff, there is a

corresponding 1718367.987 increase in the Actual budget. We cannot take this

too serious because it has a corresponding p – value of 0.18 which is not

significant at 5% level of significance.

ANNUAL AVERAGE COST OF WATER TRANSPORT PER STATE

Even though water transportation may not have been at its best in Nigeria, a lot

of Nigerians still travel within Nigeria through our water ways. The average

number of commuters as well as the cost varies significantly from state to state

obviously due to the presence of large water bodies in those states.

BAR CHART SHOWING THE ANNUAL AVERAGE COST OF WATER

2500.00 TRANSPORT PER STATE FOR THE YEAR 2018
2000.00

1500.00

1000.00

500.00

0.00
IA A RA LSA RNO LTA O GU O A A GI OS IGER DO O RS A A
AB AW MB E ED NU IM UN TSIN KO G OY IVE AB FAR
AY BO DE E D LA N ON R R
A M A B KA KA TA M
AD A N ZA

ANNUAL AVERAGE

Conclusion; Since Bayelsa, River and Delta states have the longest

bars in the above bar chart, it implies that they have the highest

25
average price for the year and probably the highest number of

transporters.

CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

SUMMARY

The Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is a paramount

exercise that prepares students for excellence in their respective fields and

should be taken seriously encouraged to widen student’s knowledge of their

field or profession. The federal government has done a great deal of setting up

ITF to cater for this program. My six (6) months Student Industrial Work

Experience at NIWA, I learnt about budget at large, internally generated

revenue and how to carry out some analysis on them

CONCLUSION

The SIWES programme is never a waste of time or resources as we Nigeria is in

dire need of a paramount shift from theory to practical application of

knowledge. It’s relevance to student in higher institution cannot be

overemphasized, because practically it has helped to acquaint and breach the

knowledge of the student in relation to what has been taught in the classroom.

Although there were a few challenges we had in the course of the SIWES; the

absence of resourceful data being one of them. The only dataset we could lay

26
our hands on was that of budgeting alone. This goes a long way to show that

Nigeria has a long way to go with relevant and necessary data collection.

RECOMMENDATIONS

Upon the completion of my SIWES in NIWA, I discovered that a lot more can

be done with this programme. I will like to recommend that the Institution

SIWES unit should ensure proper and consistent checking on the students. This

is to ensure that they are actually learning the necessary things. The Department

SIWES unit should build relationship with the directors of the organization

where student are been trained so as to ensure seriousness and encouragement to

the workers to teach the student well.

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