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•
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•

Electrical
Published by the Institution of Engineering and Technology, London, United Kingdom
The Institution of Engineering and Technology is registered as a Charity in England & Wales
(no. 211014) and Scotland (no. SC038698).
The Institution of Engineering and Technology is the institution
formed by the joining together of the lEE (The Institution of
Electrical Engineers) and the liE (The Institution of Incorporated
Engineers).

© 1992, 1995, 1998, 2002, 2004 The Institution of Electrical Engineers

© 2008, 2011, 2015, 2018 The Institution of Engineering and Technology
First published 1992 (0 85296 537 0)
Reprinted (with amendments) May 1993
Reprinted (with amendments to Appendix 9) July 1993
Reprinted (with amendments) 1994
Revised edition (incorporating Amendment No. 1 to BS 7671:1992) 1995
Reprinted (with new cover) 1996
Revised edition (incorporating Amendment No.2 to BS 7671:1992) 1998
Second edition (incorporating Amendment No. 1 to BS 7671:2001) 2002 (0 85296 987 2)
Reprinted (with new cover) 2003
Third edition (incorporating Amendment No.2 to BS 7671:2001) 2004 (0 86341 374 9)
Fourth edition (incorporating BS 7671:2008) 2008 (978-0-86341 -854-9)
Reprinted (with amendments) October 2008
Fifth edition (incorporating Amendment No. 1 to BS 7671 :2008) 2011 (978-1-84919-287-3)
Reprinted 2012
Reprinted (with minor corrections) 2013
Reprinted 2014
Sixth edition (incorporating Amendment No.3 to BS 7671:2008) 2015 (978-1-84919-887-5)
Reprinted (with minor corrections) 2015
Seventh Edition (incorporating 18th Edition to BS 767 1:201 8) 2018 (978-1-78561 -442-2)
This publication is copyright under the Berne Convention and the Universal Copyright Convention. All
rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism
or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be
reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, only with the prior permission in
writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of
licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those
terms should be sent to the publishers at The Institution of Engineering and Technology, Michael
Faraday House, Six Hills Way, Stevenage, SG l 2AY, United Kingdom.
Copies of this publication may be obtained from:
PO Box 96, Stevenage, SGl 2SD, UK
Tel: + 44 (0)1438 767328
Email: [email protected]
www.theiet.org/wiringbooks
While the author, publisher and contributors believe that the information and guidance given in
this work are correct, all parties must rely upon their own skill and judgement when making use of
them. The author, publisher and contributors do not assume any liabifity to anyone for any loss or
damage caused by any error or omission in the work, whether such an error or omission is the result
of negligence or any other cause. Where referen ce is made to legislation it is not to be considered
as legal advice. Any and all such liability is disclaimed.
ISBN 978-1-78561-442-2 (wiro bound)
ISBN 978-1-78561-443-9 (electronic)
Typeset in the UK by the Institution of Engineering and Technology, Stevenage
Printed in the UK by A Mclay and Company Ltd, Longwood Drive, Forest Farm, Cardiff, CF14 7ZB
Published by the Institution of Engineering and Technology, London, United Kingdom
The Institution of Engineering and Technology is registered as a Charity in England & Wales
(no. 211014) and Scotland (no. SC038698).
The Institution of Engineering and Technology is the institution
formed by the joining together of the lEE (The Institution of
Electrical Engineers) and the liE (The Institution of Incorporated
Engineers).

© 1992, 1995, 1998, 2002, 2004 The Institution of Electrical Engineers

© 2008, 2011, 2015, 2018 The Institution of Engineering and Technology
First published 1992 (0 85296 537 0)
Reprinted (with amendments) May 1993
Reprinted (with amendments to Appendix 9) July 1993
Reprinted (with amendments) 1994
Revised edition (incorporating Amendment No. 1 to BS 7671:1992) 1995
Reprinted (with new cover) 1996
Revised edition (incorporating Amendment No.2 to BS 7671:1992) 1998
Second edition (incorporating Amendment No. 1 to BS 7671:2001) 2002 (0 85296 987 2)
Reprinted (with new cover) 2003
Third edition (incorporating Amendment No.2 to BS 7671:2001) 2004 (0 86341 374 9)
Fourth edition (incorporating BS 7671:2008) 2008 (978-0-86341 -854-9)
Reprinted (with amendments) October 2008
Fifth edition (incorporating Amendment No. 1 to BS 7671 :2008) 2011 (978-1-84919-287-3)
Reprinted 2012
Reprinted (with minor corrections) 2013
Reprinted 2014
Sixth edition (incorporating Amendment No.3 to BS 7671:2008) 2015 (978-1-84919-887-5)
Reprinted (with minor corrections) 2015
Seventh Edition (incorporating 18th Edition to BS 767 1:201 8) 2018 (978-1-78561 -442-2)
This publication is copyright under the Berne Convention and the Universal Copyright Convention. All
rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism
or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be
reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, only with the prior permission in
writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of
licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those
terms should be sent to the publishers at The Institution of Engineering and Technology, Michael
Faraday House, Six Hills Way, Stevenage, SG l 2AY, United Kingdom.
Copies of this publication may be obtained from:
PO Box 96, Stevenage, SGl 2SD, UK
Tel: + 44 (0)1438 767328
Email: [email protected]
www.theiet.org/wiringbooks
While the author, publisher and contributors believe that the information and guidance given in
this work are correct, all parties must rely upon their own skill and judgement when making use of
them. The author, publisher and contributors do not assume any liabifity to anyone for any loss or
damage caused by any error or omission in the work, whether such an error or omission is the result
of negligence or any other cause. Where referen ce is made to legislation it is not to be considered
as legal advice. Any and all such liability is disclaimed.
ISBN 978-1-78561-442-2 (wiro bound)
ISBN 978-1-78561-443-9 (electronic)
Typeset in the UK by the Institution of Engineering and Technology, Stevenage
Printed in the UK by A Mclay and Company Ltd, Longwood Drive, Forest Farm, Cardiff, CF14 7ZB
Cooperating organisations 6
Preface 7
Foreword 9
Section 1 Introduction 11
1.1 Scope 11
1.2 Building Regulations 12
1.3 Basic information required 15
1.4 Intended departures from BS 7671 15
Section 2 The electrical supply 17
2.1 General layout of equipment 17
2.2 Function of components 19
2.3 Separation of gas installation pipework from the electrical installation 23
2.4 Portable generators 24
Section 3 Protection 31
3.1 Types of protective device 31
3 .2 Protection against overload current 31
3.3 Protection against short-circuit current and earth fault current 31
3.4 Protection against electric shock 32
3.5 Automatic disconnection 33
3.6 Residual current devices (RCDs) 34
3.7 Surge protective devices (SPDs) 38
3.8 Arc Fault Detection Devices (AFDD) 45
Section 4 Earthing and bonding 47
4.1 Protective earthing 47
4.2 Legal requirements 47
4.3 Main protective bonding 47
4.4 Earthing conductor and main protective bonding conductor
cross-sectional areas 48
4.5 Main protective bonding of plastic services 49
4.6 Supplementary bonding 50
4.7 Additional protection -supplementary equipotential bonding 51
4.8 Supplementary bonding of plastic pipe installations 51
4.9 Earth electrode 51
4.10 Types of earth electrode 51
4.11 Typical earthing arrangements for various types of earthing system 52

On-Site Guide 3
©The Institution of Engineering and Technology
 The Institution of Engineering and Technology acknowledges the invaluable contribution
made by the following individuals in the preparation of the On-Site Guide:

Institution of Engineering and Technology

J. Bradley BSc CEng FIET FCIBSE Eur lng Leon Markwell MSc, BSc(Hons), CEng,
MIET, MCIBSE, LCGI
S. Devine MIET
G.D. Cranshaw CEng FIET G. Gundry MIET
P.E. Donnachie BSc CEng FIET

Special thanks to:

.,.. A Samad Khan MEng (Hons) CEng MIET, MIEEE PEL 37/1, GEL 81
.,.. John Peckham - Stroma Certification
.,.. Bob Cairney - SELECT

We would like to thank the following organisations for their continued support:

British Cables Association ERA Technology Ltd

British Electrotechnical & Allied Manufacturers Association Ltd Electrica I Safety First
British Gas Health and Safety Executive
British Standards Institution IHEEM
Certsure trading as NICEIC and Elecsa NAPIT
Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local Government The Safety Assessment Federation (SAFed)
ECA UHMA
Electrical Contractors' Association of Scotland t/a SELECT Society for Public Architecture,
Construction, Engineering and Surveying
ENA
NEC Ltd

Revised, compiled and edited

M. Coles BEng(Hons) MIET, The Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2018

6 On-Site Guide
©The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Section 11 Operation of RCDs 117
11.1 General test procedure 118
11.2 General-purpose RCCBs to BS 4293 118
11.3 General-purpose RCCBs to BS EN 61008 or RCBOs to BS EN 61009 and
BS EN 62423 118
11.4 RCD protected socket-outlets to BS 7288 118
11.5 Additional protection 118
11.6 Integral test device 119
11.7 Multipole RCDs 119

Appendix A Maximum demand and diversity 121

Appendix B Maximum permissible measured earth fault loop
impedance 125
Appendix C Selection of types of cable for particular uses and
external influences 133
Appendix D Methods of support for cables, conductors and
wiring systems 139
Appendix E Cable capacities of conduit and trunking 145
Appendix F Current-carrying capacities and voltage drop for copper
conductors 151
Appendix G Cert.ification and reporting 163
Appendix H Standard circuit arrangements for household and similar
installations 187
Appendix I Resistance of copper and aluminium conductors 195
Appendix J Selection of devices for isolation and switching 199
Appendix K Identification of conductors 201
Appendix L Degrees of protection provided by enclosures
(IP code) 207
Index 209

On-Site Guide 5
© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
 The Institution of Engineering and Technology acknowledges the invaluable contribution
made by the following individuals in the preparation of the On-Site Guide:

Institution of Engineering and Technology

J. Bradley BSc CEng FIET FCIBSE Eur lng Leon Markwell MSc, BSc(Hons), CEng,
MIET, MCIBSE, LCGI
S. Devine MIET
G.D. Cranshaw CEng FIET G. Gundry MIET
P.E. Donnachie BSc CEng FIET

Special thanks to:

.,.. A Samad Khan MEng (Hons) CEng MIET, MIEEE PEL 37/1, GEL 81
.,.. John Peckham - Stroma Certification
.,.. Bob Cairney - SELECT

We would like to thank the following organisations for their continued support:

British Cables Association ERA Technology Ltd

British Electrotechnical & Allied Manufacturers Association Ltd Electrica I Safety First
British Gas Health and Safety Executive
British Standards Institution IHEEM
Certsure trading as NICEIC and Elecsa NAPIT
Ministry of Housing, Communities & Local Government The Safety Assessment Federation (SAFed)
ECA UHMA
Electrical Contractors' Association of Scotland t/a SELECT Society for Public Architecture,
Construction, Engineering and Surveying
ENA
NEC Ltd

Revised, compiled and edited

M. Coles BEng(Hons) MIET, The Institution of Engineering and Technology, 2018

6 On-Site Guide
©The Institution of Engineering and Technology
 The On-Site Guide is one of a number of publications prepared by the lET to provide
guidance on certain aspects of BS 7671 :2018 Requirements for Electrical Installations,
lET Wiring Regulations, 18th Edition. BS 7671 is a joint publication of the British Standards
Institution and the Institution of Engineering and Technology.

11 0.1 The scope generally follows that of BS 7671 . The Guide includes material not included in
BS 7671, it provides background to the intentions of BS 7671 and gives other sources of
information. However, it does not ensure compliance with BS 7671 . It is a simple guide
to the requirements of BS 7671; electrical installers should always consult BS 7671 to
satisfy themselves of compliance.
It is expected that persons carrying out work in accordance with this guide will be
competent to do so.
HSR25, EWR Electrical installations in the United Kingdom which comply with the lET Wiring
Regulation 16 Regulations, BS 7671, must comply with all relevant statutory regulations, such as the
Electricity at Work Regulations 1989, the Building Regulations and, where relevant, the
Electricity Safety, Quality and Continuity Regulations 2002, as amended.

114.1 It cannot be guaranteed that BS 7671 complies with all relevant statutory regulations.
115.1 It is, therefore, essential to establish which statutory and other appropriate regulations
apply and to install accordingly. For example, an installation in licensed premises may
have requirements which differ from or are additional to those of BS 7671, and these
will take precedence.

On-Site Guide 7
©The Institution of Engineering and Technology
8 On-Site Guide
e The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Part 1 This Guide is concerned with limited application of BS 7671 in accordance with paragraph
1.1: Scope.
BS 7671 and the On-Site Guide are not design guides.

It is essential to prepare a design and/or schedule of the work to be done prior to

commencement or alteration of an electrical installation and to provide all necessary
information and operating instructions of any equipment supplied to the user on
completion.

Any specification should set out the detailed design and provide sufficient information to
enable competent persons to carry out the installation and commissioning.

The specification must provide for all the commissioning procedures that will be required
and for the production of any operation and maintenance manual and building logbook.
The persons or organisations who may be concerned in the preparation of the
specification include the:
Ill> Designer(s)
Ill> lnstaller(s)
Ill> Electricity Distributor
Ill> Installation Owner and/or User
Ill> Architect
Ill> Local Building Control Authority/Standards Division or Approved Inspector
Ill> Fire Prevention Officer
Ill> CDM Coordinator
Ill> BIM Coordinator
Ill> Regulatory Authorities
Ill> Licensing Authority (where necessary)
Ill> Health and Safety Executive.

In producing the specification, advice should be sought from the installation owner and/
or user as to the intended use. Often, such as in a speculative building, the detailed
intended use is unknown. In those circumstances the specification and/or the operation
and maintenance manual and building logbook must set out the basis of use for which
the installation is suitable.

On-Site Guide 9
©The Institution of Engineering and Technology
 Precise details of each item of equipment should be obtained from the manufacturer
and/or supplier and compliance with appropriate standards confirmed.
The operation and maintenance manual must include a description of how the installed
system is to operate and must include all commissioning records. The manual should also
include manufacturers' technical data for all items of switchgear, luminaires, accessories,
etc. and any special instructions that may be needed.
Building Regulations 2010, Part L 2013 (Amended 2016) of England, for example,
requires that building owners or operators are provided with summary information
relating to a new or refurbished building which includes building services information
and the maintenance requirements in a building logbook. Information on how to develop
and assemble a building logbook can be obtained from CIBSE:

Tel.: 020 8675 5211

Website: www.cibse.org

Address: CIBSE
222 Balham High Road
London
SW1 2 985

The Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974 Section 6 and The Construction (Design
and Management) Regulations 2015 are concerned with the provision of information.
Guidance on the preparation of technical manuals is given in BS EN 82079-1 :2012
Preparation of instructions for use. Structuring, content and presentation General
principles and detailed requirements and BS 4940 series (1994) Technical information
on construction products and services. The size and complexity of the installation will
dictate the nature and extent of the manual.

10 On-Site Guide
© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
 1.1 Scope
This Guide is for installers (for simplicity, the term installer has been used for electricians
and electrical installers). It covers the following installations:

(a) domestic and similar installations, including off-peak supplies, supplies to

associated garages, outbuildings and the like; and
(b) small industrial and commercial single- and three-phase installations.
Part 7 Note: Special Installations or Locations (Part 7 of BS 7671) are generally excluded from this Guide.
Advice, however, is given on installations in locations containing a bath or shower and
underfloor heating installations.

This Guide is restricted to installations:

313.1 (a) at a supply frequency of 50 Hz
(b) at a nominal voltage of 230 V AC single-phase or 400/230 V AC three-phase
(c) supplied through a distributor's cut-out having a fuse or fuses rated at 100 A or
less to one of the following standards:
- BS 88-2
- BS 88-3
- BS 88-6
- BS 1361 Type II
Note: BS 1361 was w ithdrawn in March 2010 and replaced by BS 88-3; BS 88-2.2 and BS 88-6 were
withdrawn in March 2010 and replaced by BS 88-2 (BS EN 60269-2) but fuses complying w ith
these w ithdrawn standards w ill be found in existing installations for many years to come.

(d) typical maximum values of earth fault loop impedance, Ze, for TN earthing
arrangements outside the consumer's installation commonly quoted by
distributors are as follows:

ll> TN-C -S arrangement - 0.35 0, see Figure 2.1 (i)

ll> TN-S arrangement - 0.8 0, see Figure 2.1 (ii)

Note: The values of 0.35 0 and 0.8 0 are typical maximum values as quoted by distributors of
electricity upon enquiry which will aid, for example, designs for new-build installations.

Table 4 1. 5 For a TT arrangement, 21 0 is the usual stated maximum resistance of the

542.2.4 distributor's earth electrode at the supply transformer. The resistance of the
consumer's installation earth electrode should be as low as practicable and an

On-Site Guide 11
©The Institution of Engineering and Technology
 1
earth electrode resistance or Ze measurement exceeding 200 0 may not be
stable due to environmental changes, i.e. drying out in summer and freezing in
winter.
Appx E This Guide also contains information which may be required in general installation work,
for example, conduit and trunking capacities, bending radii of cables, etc.
The Guide introduces the use of standard circuits, which are discussed in Section 7.
However, because of simplification, this Guide may not give the most economical result.
This Guide is not a replacement for BS 7671, which should always be consulted.
Defined terms according to Part 2 of BS 7671 are used.
In compliance with the definitions of BS 7671, throughout this Guide the term line
conductor is used instead of phase conductor and live part is used to refer to a conductor
or conductive part intended to be energised in normal use, including a neutral conductor.
The terminals of electrical equipment are identified by the letters L, N and E (or PE).
Further information is available in the series of Guidance Notes published by the lET:
Ill> GN 1 Selection & Erection
Ill> GN 2 Isolation & Switching
Ill> GN 3 Inspection & Testing
Ill> GN 4 Protection Against Fire
Ill> GN 5 Protection Against Electric Shock
Ill> GN 6 Protection Against Overcurrent
Ill> GN 7 Special Locations
Ill> GN 8 Earthing & Bonding
Notes:
For clarification:

.,. the distributor of electricity is deemed to be the organisation owning or operating the electrical
supply equipment, and
.,. the supplier of electricity is the organisation from whom electricity is purchased.

1.2 Building Regulations

Refer to the lET publication Electrician's Guide to the Building Regulations for more in-
depth guidance on electrical installations in dwellings.

1.2.1 England - The Building Regulations 2010

Persons carrying out electrical work in dwellings must comply with the Building
Regulations of England, in particular Part P (Electrical safety - dwellings).
Persons responsible for work within the scope of Part P of the Building Regulations may
also be responsible for ensuring compliance with other Parts of the Building Regulations,
where relevant, particularly if there are no other parties involved with the work. Building
Regulations requirements relevant to installers carrying out electrical work include:

12 On-Site Guide
© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
1
1.2.2 The Building (Scotland) Regulations 2004 (as
amended)
The detailed requirements are given in the Technical Standards for compliance with the
Building (Scotland) Regulations.
Guidance on how to achieve compliance with these Standards is given in two Scottish
Building Standards Technical Handbooks- Domestic and Non-domestic.
These handbooks contain recommendations for electrical installations, including the
following:
- compliance with BS 7671
- minimum number of socket-outlets in dwellings
- minimum number of lighting points in dwellings
- minimum illumination levels in common areas of domestic buildings, for
example, blocks of flats
- a range of mounting heights of switches and socket-outlets, etc.
- separate switching for concealed socket-outlets, for example, behind white
goods in kitchens
- conservation of fuel and power in buildings.
With regard to electrical installations in Scotland, the requirements of the above are
deemed to be satisfied by complying with BS 7671.
Note: The handbooks are available in electronic format only from the Building Standards Division of
the Scottish Government from website: www.scotland.gov.uk/bsd

1.2.3 The Building Regulations of Northern Ireland

The Building Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2000 (as amended) apply.
Note: Information can be obtained from the website: www.buildingcontrol-ni.com

1.2.4 The Building Regulations of Wales

On 31 December 2011 the power to make building regulations for Wales was transferred
to Welsh Ministers. This means Welsh Ministers will make any new building regulations
or publish any new building regulations guidance applicable in Wales from that date.
The Building Regulations 2010 and related guidance for England and Wales, including
approved documents as at that date, will conti nue to apply in Wales until Welsh Ministers
make changes to them. As guidance is reviewed and changes made, Welsh Ministers will
publish separate approved documents.

14 On-Site Guide
©The Institution of Engineering and Technology
 1
313.1 1.3 Basic information required
Before starting work on an installation which requires a new electrical supply, the installer
should establish the following information with the local electricity distributor:
(a) the number of live conductors required by the design
(b) the distributor's requirement for cross-sectional area and maximum* length of
the consumer's tails
(c) the maximum prospective fault current (lpf) at the supply terminals
(d) the typical maximum earth fault loop impedance (Ze) of the earth fault path
outside the consumer's installation
(e) the type and rating of the distributor's fusible cut-out or protective device
544.1 (f) the distributor's requirements regarding the size of main protective bonding
conductors
312 (g) the conductor arrangement and system earthing
(h) the arrangements for the incoming cable and metering.

*Some distributors will specify a maximum permitted length for consumer's tails. The
distributor may also apply pa rticular requirements for isolation or protection.
132.16 For additions and alterations to existing installations, installers should satisfy themselves
as to the suitability of the supply, the distributor's equipment and the earthing and
bonding arrangements.

120.3 1.4 Intended departures from BS 7671

Where the designer decides to depart from the requirements of BS 7671, the resulting
degree of safety must not be less than that obtained by compliance with the Regulations.
The designer is responsible for the safety of the design. Any intended departure from
the requirements of BS 7671, although the designer is confident regarding safety, must
be recorded on the Electrical Installation Certificate. There is a difference between an
intended departure and a non-compliance; points to note:
- an intended departure must be recorded on the Electrical Installation
Certificate
- an intended departure not recorded on the Electrical Installation Certificate
is unacceptable, as it is simply a non-compliance and the certificate would,
therefore, be worthless.

On-Site Guide 15
© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
1

16 On-Site Guide
e The Institution of Engineering and Technology
2.1 General layout of equipment
The general layout of the equipment at the service position is shown in Figures 2.1 (i) to
2.1(iii), including typical protective conductor cross-sectional areas.
The following scenarios are considered:

. ,._ Figure 2.1 (i) TN-C-S (PME) earthing arrangement

. ,._ Figure 2.1 (ii) TN-S earthing arrangement (cable sheath earth)
. ,._ Figure 2.1 (iii) TT earthing arrangement (no distributor's earth provided/used)

T Figure 2.1 (i) TN-C-S (PME) earthing arrangement

circuit protective metal water metal gas

conductors pipe pipe
consumer's tails
LABEL (see Figure 6.5)
•·••••41
kWh
isolator
switch -
/ ~
~ n
- RCBOs

•
main switch

water gas
service service
pipe pipe

Note: An electricity isolator switch may not always be installed by the distributor.

On-Site Guide 17
©The Institution of Engineering and Technology
 2
T Figure 2.1(ii) TN-S earthing arrangement (cable sheath earth)
circuit protective metal water metal gas
conductors pipe pipe
consumer's tails
LABEL (54!e Figure 6.5)

isolator
switch
/
lOmm' lOmm'
RCBOs
.
t• I •
main switch

16mm2

gas meter

water gas
service
pipe

Note: An electricity isolator switch may not always be installed by the distributor.

T Figure 2.1 (iii) n earthing arrangement (no distributor's earth provided/used)

circuit protective metal water metal gas
conductors pipe pipe
consumer's tails
LABEL (see Figure 65)

/
" RCBOs
IOmm'

electricity
isolator main switch
switch

16mm'
IOOA
gas meter

LABEL (see Rgure 6.5)

~
earth water gas
decbode service service
pipe pipe

Note 1: An electricity isolator switch may not always be installed by the distributor.
542.3.1 Note 2: See Table 4.4{ii) for further information regarding the sizing of the earthing conductor for a
TT earthing arrangement.
Note 3: See 2.2.6 for requirements for consumer unit enclosures.

18 On-Site Guide
©The Institution of Engineering and Technology
 2
2.2 Function of components
2.2.1 Distributor's cut-out
This will be sealed to prevent the fuse being withdrawn by unauthorised persons. When
the consumer's tails and consumer unit are installed in accordance with the requirements
of the distributor, the cut-out may be assumed to provide protedion against fault current
up to the consumer's main switch.
As the cut-out is the property of the distributor, installers must not cut seals and withdraw
cut-out fuses without permission. Where removal of the cut-out for isolation is required,
the supplier of electricity should be contacted to arrange disconnection and subsequent
reconnection.
Note: The supplier of electricity may not be the same organisation as the distributor; see 1.1.

2.2.2 Eledricity meter

The terminals will be sealed by the meter owner to prevent interference by unauthorised
persons.

2.2.3 Meter tails

521.10.1 Meter tails fall into two categories, supplier's tails and consumer's tails and there is a
need to differentiate between the two.

T Figure 2.2.3 Meter tails

consumer's tails

RCBOs

• •
supplier's
tai ls electricity
isolator main switch
switch

-
l OOA

On-Site Guide 19
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2.2.3.1 Consumer's tails
The cables between the electricity meter and the consumer unit, known as the
consumer's tails, are part of the consumer's installation and should be insulated and non-
metallic sheathed or insulated and enclosed within containment, for example, conduit or
trunking. Consumer's tails are provided by the installer and are the responsibility of the
owner of the electrical installation.
514.3.1 Polarity should be indicated by the colour of the insulation and the minimum cable size
should be 25 mm 2 • The distributor may specify the maximum length of tails between
the meter and the consumer unit in addition to the minimum cross-sectional area
(see 1.3). In some cases, the distributor may require an electricity isolator switch
(see 2.2.4).
434.3(iv) Where the consumer's tails are protected against fault current by the distributor's cut-out,
the method of installation, maximum length and minimum cross-sectional area of the
tails must comply with the requirements of the distributor.

2.2.3.2 Supplier's tails

The cables between the supplier's cut-out and the electricity meter, known as the
supplier's tails, are part of the supplier's equipment.
5226202 Where tails are buried in walls or enclosed within the fabric of the building, further
5526.203 protection is required (see 7.3.2).
It is important that both supplier's and consumer's tails are sufficiently protected from
mechanical damage and disturbance by the use of trunking and/or cable clips; see 2.2.6
of this Guide.

2.2.4 Eledricity isolator switch

Distributors may provide and install an electricity isolator switch between the meter and
the consumer unit, labelled as Electricity isolator switch in Figures 2.1 (i) to 2.1 (iii) and
2.2.3. This double-pole switch permits the supply to the installation to be interrupted
without withdrawing the distributor's cut-out fuse.

2.2.5 Consumer's cont.rolgear

536.4.201 A consumer unit assembly (to BS EN 61439-3:2012) is for use on single-phase
installations up to 100 A and may include the following components:
Jilt- a double-pole isolator
Jilt- fuses, circuit-breakers or RCBOs for protection against overload and fault
currents
Jilt- RCDs for additional protection against electric shock
Jilt- RCDs for fault protection.
Jilt- Arc Fault Detection Devices (AFDD) for additional protection against fire.
Alternatively, a separate main switch and distribution board may be provided.

20 On-Site Guide
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All devices and components shall only be those declared suitable accordi ng to the
assembly manufacturer's instructions or literature. The scope of BS EN 61439-3 includes
distribution boards with an incoming rated current not exceeding 250 A and outgoing
circuits not exceeding 125 A. They are intended to be operated by ordinary persons.They
can be used in domestic and commercial single and three-phase installations up to 100
A within the scope of this guide.
See lET Guidance Note 1 -Selection and Erection and BEAMA guide Overload protection
of an RCCB or switch in an LV assembly to BS EN 61439-3 available at http://www.
beama.org.uk/resource-library.html.

2.2.6 Consumer unit assemblies

.
421.1.201 Where a consumer unit assembly is installed in domestic (household) prem1ses,
domestic garages and outbuildings, one of the following applies:
..,. the enclosure is to be manufactured from non-combustible material; or
..,. the consumer unit is enclosed in a cabinet constructed from non-combustible
material.
Ferrous metal, i.e. steel, is deemed to be an example of a non-combustible material.
Plastic enclosures manufactured from 960 degree glow-wire rated material would not be
classified as 'non-combustible' in the context of this regulation.
Where a steel consumer unit is installed in an installation forming part of a n system,
the earth fault loop impedance, 4, is likely to be much higher than the maximum that
is permitted for use of the overcurrent protective device, i.e. cut-out, in order to provide
fault protection. Should the consumer's tails become loose or damaged and make
contact with the metal enclosure, it is likely that the overcurrent device will not operate
within the maximum permitted time of 5 s.
421.1.201 The lET's Wiring Regulations Policy Committee, therefore, advises the following:
(a) A Class I metal consumer unit is installed and each outgoing circuit is protected
by an RCBO
531.3.5.3.2. (b) A split, Class I metal consumer unit is installed, where the double-pole main
201
switch of the consumer unit should incorporate an S type (time delayed)
RCCB, e.g. 100 mA S-type R CCB.
Note: In cases where RCBOs protect each outgoing circuit, the risk of the solid busbar (connecting
the supply side of each RCBO) making contact with the ferrous enclosure is minimal. In
split consumer units, where two or three RCCBs protect multiple circuits through individual
circuit-breakers, the risk of the single-insulated conductors (connecting the load side of the
double-pole main switch to the supply side of the RCCBs) making contact with the ferrous
enclosure due to vibration and/or abrasion or being damaged is far higher. In essence, where
the construction and layout of the consumer unit is such that the risk of live conductors making
contact with the ferrous enclosure is minimal, then the double-pole main switch need not
incorporate an S-type RCCB.

On-Site Guide 21
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In all cases:
412.2.4.1 (a) the consumer's tails need to meet the requirements for the protective measure
531.3.5.3. of double or reinforced insulation throughout their length. This can be achieved
2.201
by the use of single-core insulated and non-metallic sheathed cable with the
sheath being kept on the right up to the terminals of the incoming device (main
switch or RCD) of the consumer unit.
522.8.1 (b) the consumer's tails need to be protected to avoid mechanical damage and
disturbance at the incoming terminals in the consumer unit in order to avoid
the line conductor becoming disconnected and making contact with the metal
enclosure. This can be achieved by, for example, clipping or clamping the
consumer's tails, or by installing them in trunking and the use of a suitable
cable-entry gland. In all cable entry arrangements, the enclosure shall not have
sharp edges that could damage cables.

T Figure 2.2.6a Example of clipping tails to arrest movement

Cables clipped at relevant positions circuit protective metal water metal gas
to arrest movement ~sumer's tails conductors pipe pipe

LABEL (see Figure 6.5)

electricity
isolator
switch
/
- RCBOs

•
main switch

supplier's tails

16mm2
lOOA ~----------==================?

water gas
service service
pipe pipe

(c) The cable installation entry method shall, so far as is reasonably practicable,
maintain the fire containment of the enclosure. It is essential that account be
taken of the manufacturer's instructions, if any.
This can generally xbe achieved by the installer ensuring that cable access
holes they make in the enclosure do not to leave gaps greater than:
• 1.0 mm for the horizontal top surface and
• 2.5 mm for all other surfaces of the enclosure that are accessible after
installation.
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The installer could for example, select as they deem appropriate; trunking,
conduit, cable gland or cable entry accessories to minimise the opening around
the cables.

522.8.1 (d) the consumer's tails also need to be protected to avoid any foreseeable damage
521.5.1 and, where entering a ferrous enclosure, do so through the same entry point.
A non-combustible enclosure includes base, cover, door and any components, e.g.
hinges, covers, screws and catches necessary to maintain fire containment. Devices and
blanks are contained within the non-combustible enclosure and, therefore do not have
to be manufactured from a non-combustible material, e.g. steel. However, the use of
non-combustible blanks is not precluded.
Note: Information on consumer units kindly provided by BEAMA. This and more can be found here:
http://www.beama.org.uk/en/publications/technical-bulletins.cfm

Where the consumer unit is to be located in an external non-habitable building, e.g. a

garage or shed, which is not in close proximity to a dwelling, consideration could still be
given to installing a consumer unit of non-ferrous construction. The term "not in close
proximity" is always a moot point and the decision to install a non-ferrous enclosure
must be supported by a documented risk assessment, which must be appended to the
Electrical Installation Certificate.

2.3 Separation of gas installation pipework

from the electrical installation
Where gas installation pipework is not separated from electrical equipment or cables
by an insulating enclosure, dividing barrier, trunking, or conduit, the following separation
distances shall be followed:
(a) at least 150 mm away from electricity supply equipment, such as metering
equipment, main service cut-outs or supplier (main) isolation switches and
distribution boards or consumer units;
(b) at least 25 mm away from electrical switches, sockets and electricity supply
and distribution cables.
The installation pipework shall not be positioned in a manner that prevents the operation
of any electrical accessory, i.e. a switch or socket-outlet.
Note: Where these spacing requirements are impracticable the pipework should either be sheathed
with an electric insulating material rated at 230 V or more, or a panel of electrical insulating
material should be interposed.

The cited distances are quoted within BS 6891:2015 Specification for the installation
and maintenance of low pressure gas installation pipework of up to 35 mm (R 1114) on
premises, clause 8.4.2.

On-Site Guide 23
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T Figure 2.3 Separation from the gas installation

-
'
I
'~...-
I

I I
Separation of at least 25 mm from switches,
socket-outlets and supply or distribution cables

- Supply cable or
distribution cable

Minimum
- distance
150mm

Separation of at least 1SO mm from electricity supply equipment,

e.g. metering equipment, main service cut outs or supplier (main)
isolation switches and distribution boards or consumer units

2.4 Portable generators

551.4.4 It is recognised that generators will be used occasionally as a temporary or short-term
means of supplying electricity for use; for example:
ll> on a construction site
.,.. on sta lls at a street market
ll> at an externa l gathering or function attended by the general public, such as a
country show.
Temporary generators can be divided into two classes, i.e. portable and mobile:
ll> portable generators with an electrical output rating of up to 10 kVA are used for
small-scale work for short-term use, i.e. less than one day, and
.,.. mobile generators are those used for longer periods and can be in excess of
10 kVA output.

This Guide considers three scenarios relating to the use of portable generators; see 2.4.1
to 2.4.3.

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551 For information relating to the permanent use of generators see lET Guidance Notes 5
and 7 and Section 551 of BS 7671 :2018.
Where generators are used to supply concession vehicles, such as burger vans, see
Section 717 Mobile and Transportable Units of BS 7671 :2018 and lET Guidance Note 7.

1.4.1 Portable generator isolated from earth

551.4.4 Portable generators ranging in output from 0.2 kVA to 10 kVA single-phase are often
isolated from Earth, i.e. there is no connection between the chassis and/or earth
connection of socket-outlet(s) of the unit and the neutral of the generator winding and
Earth. The ends of the generator winding are brought out to one or more three-pin
socket-outlets which should conform to BS EN 60309-2. The earth socket-tube of the
socket-outlet(s) is usually connected internally to the frame of the generator only; see
Figure 2.4.1.
413 This arrangement is a form of electrical separation, where basic protection is provided
418.3 by basic insulation of live parts or by barriers and enclosures, and fault protection is
provided by simple separation of the separated circuit from other circuits and from Earth.
The requirements for electrical separation can be found in Section 413 of BS 7671
where one item of equipment is supplied and Regulation 418.3 where more than one
item of equipment is supplied by the separated circuit. However, the requirements of
Regulation 418.3 could prove difficult or impracticable to meet in a typical application of
a portable generator.
It is extremely important to note that a portable generator isolated from earth should
only be used to supply equipment in the following permutations:
..,. one or more items of Class II equipment
..,. one item of Class I equipment
..,. one or more items of Class II and one item of Class I equipment.
The supply of only Class II equipment, however, is preferable.
No more than one item of Class I equipment should be supplied at any time as faults can
be presented as voltages and operatives can provide a path for current flowing between
exposed-conductive-parts of faulty electrical equipment.

On-Site Guide 25
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T Figure 2.4.1 Portable generator used with a floating earth

~------~-~~--~ Load
Current-using
equipment
~------~-~-*--~
Socket-outlet
with overcurrent
protection

Generator

2.4.2 Portable generator used without reference to the

condudive mass of the Earth (floating)
551.4.4 Where more than one item of Class I equipment is to be supplied by a single-phase
portable generator, it is important to ensure that the earth connections of the socket-
outlets at the generator are connected to the neutral of the generator winding in addition
to the chassis or frame of the generator. See Figure 2.4.2.
Such a configuration will provide a return path for any fault current caused by contact
between live parts and exposed-conductive-parts of the connected equipment. Note
that neither of the live conductors of the generator are connected to the conductive
mass of the Earth. If this method of supply is used, extreme care should be taken
to ensure that there is no intended or casual interconnection with any other electrical
system, such as extraneous-conductive-parts or exposed-conductive-parts from other
electrical systems.
RCDs providing additional protection at 30 rnA are required for all circuits supplied in
this manner.

26 On-Site Guide
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T Figure 2.4.2 Generator supplying more than one item of equipment

Socket-outlets
with overcurrent
Generator protection and RCD
protection at 30 mA

1.4.3 Portable generator referenced to the condudive

mass of the Earth
BS 7430: Where there are extraneous-conductive-parts or exposed-conductive-parts of other
2011+A1:
electrical systems present, generator reference earthing, by means of an earth electrode
2015
to the conductive mass of the Earth, should be installed. See Figure 2.4.3(i).
Note that this does not create a n system; the system will be TN-S from the generator,
the neutral or star point being referenced to the conductive mass of the Earth.
Where an earth electrode is supplied it will need to be tested by the standard method
using a proprietary earth electrode resistance tester; see 10.3.5.2.
Note that an earth fault loop impedance tester cannot be used for this test as the
earth electrode is not used as a means of earthing, it is used to reference the portable
generator to the conductive mass of the Earth and does not form part of the earth loop.
As the earth electrode is used for referencing and not as a means of earthing, its
resistance should, ideally, be less than 200 0.
Table If buried, generator reference earthing and/or bonding conductors should be sized
54.1 in accordance with Table 54.1 and suitably protected in accordance with Regulation
543.3.1 2
543.3.1 . For example, a 16 mm conductor would generally be adequate for short-term
use where no mechanical protection is provided.

On-Site Guide 27
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 2
T Figure 2.4.3(i) Generator reference earthing - using earth electrode

I
I

Socket-outlets
with overcurrent
Generator protection and RCD
protection at 30 rnA

Earth electrode

Where restrictions, such as concreted/paved areas or the portable generator is being

used some distance above ground level, make it impossible to install an earth electrode,
simultaneously accessible metal parts, i.e. accessible extraneous-conductive-parts and/
or exposed-conductive-parts from other electrical systems, may be bonded to the main
earthing terminal of the generator. See Figure 2.4.3(ii).
544.1.1 Where separate accessible extraneous-conductive-parts and/or exposed-conductive-
parts from other electrical systems are connected together, protective conductors ca n
be sized in accordance with Regulation 544.1.1. For example, a l6mm 2 cond uctor would
generally be adequate for short-term use where no mechanical protection is provided.

28 On-Site Guide
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SCENE I.] HAMLET. 47 I saw him yesterday, or t'other day,

Or then, or then, with such, or such, and, as you say, There was a'
gaming, there o'< rtook in's rouse, There falling out at tennis:' or
perchance, 'I saw him enter such a house of sale,1 Co Videlicet, a
brothel, or so forth. See you now ; Vour bait of falsehood takes this
carp of truth: And thus do we of wisdom and of reach, With
windlasses and with assays of bias, 65 By indirections find directions
out: So, by my former lecture and advice, Shall you my son. You
have me, have you not ? Rey. My lord, I have. Pol. God be wi' ye :
fare ye well. Rey. Good my lord ! 70 Pol. Observe his inclination in
yourself. Rey. I shall, my lord. Pol. And let him ply his music. Key.
Pol. Farewell ! Well, my lord. [Exit Reynaldo. Enter OPHFa.IA. How
now, Ophelia! what's the matter? 56. F3F4. .;7Poj 58. 59Q4Q5
t'other] tether F,F2. Mother th" ether Qq. Or then, or then,] Or then,
or such] Qq. and such Yi. a] ,1 Qq. hi I . gaming, there] gaming,
there Ff. gaming there I o'ertook] or tooke Qq. There] Their F2F3.
such] QaQjFf. such or such such and such Qg. sale] Qq. saileFtFa.
sail¥}Y4. 61, 62. Videlicet... now] As in Capcll. One line in QqFf. 63.
falsehood takes] falshood takes Q6. falshood. If. falshood take • ;.
falshood: take Q4QS. earf] carpe Qq. cape Ff. 65. 0 ays] essayes Qg.
66. indirections] indirecls Q-iQsQ,-,67. advice] FfQ6. tidrise Q3Q3Q4
Qs69. hew? ye] buy ye Qq. foj I I Fj. b'-Jyou F4. y&rfj,-] Q6. /zr jv
Q2Q3. far Q4Q5. fare you Ff. 70. GVW wr lord.'] Dyce. wr Lord.
QqFf. Go> i my Lord — Rowe /•'///, my good lord, — Capell conj.
71. ///] e'en Ilanmer. 74. [Exit Reynaldo.] Exit (after lord). Exit. Ff
(after lord). 1 11.] Pope. [Enter * >phelia.] As in Singer
 4 8 HAMLET. [act ii. Opli. O, my lord, my lord, I have been
so affrighted ! 75 Pol. With what, i' the name of God ? OpJi. My lord,
as I was sewing in my closet, Lord Hamlet, with his doublet all
unbraced, No hat upon his head, his stockings foul'd, Ungartcr'd and
down-gyved to his ancle ; 80 Pale as his shirt, his knees knocking
each other, And with a look so piteous in purport As if he had been
loosed out of hell To speak of horrors, he comes before me. Pol. Mad
for thy love? Oph. My lord, I do not know, 85 But truly I do fear it.
Pol. What said he? Oph. He took me by the wrist and held me hard;
Then goes he to the length of all his arm, And with his other hand
thus o'er his brow, He falls to such perusal of my face 90 As he
would draw it. Long stay'd he so ; At last, a little shaking of mine
arm, And thrice his head thus waving up and down, He raised a sigh
so piteous and profound As it did seem to shatter all his bulk 95 And
end his being: that done, he lets me go: ed. 1). Before Farewell! in
QqFf. 84. horrors, he] Qq. horrors: he Enter Ophelia, hastily. Capell.
Ff. horrors; thus he Pope, horrors 75. 0, my lord,] Qq. Alas, Ff. there,
//('Anon. conj. 76. i'the] t'tk Qq. intheYl. 85, 86. My lord. ..it.} As in
Qq. God] Qq. Heaven Ff. One line in Ff. 77. sewing] Warburton.
sowing Qq 87. and held me hard] Omitted in Ff. reading Q (1676).
F2F3F4. closet] Q6. closset Q2QjQ4Qs. 91. As he] Ff. As a Qq.
chamber Ff. Long] Longtime Pope. 78. Lord] PrinceQ (1676). 92.
mine] QqFr my F2F3F4. his 79. fouVd] FfQ6. fouled Q2Q3Q4 Pope
(ed. 2). Qs. loose Q (1676). See note (xi). 94. piteous] Q6. />ittious
Q2Q3Q4 80. down-gyved] F3F4. downe Q5I ',. hideous 1'21'3F4.
gyved ',).< ) |Q6. downe gyred Q4Q$. 95. As] Qq. That Ff. vedFv
downe-gyvedFa. down- 96. that done,] 'Jinn Tope. gyred Theobald.
me]om. F2F3F4.
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SCENE I.] HAMLET. 49 IOO »°f» And with his head over his
shoulder turn'd, I [e seem'd to find his way without his e) i For out o'
doors he went without their helps, And to the last bended their light
on me. Pol Come, go with me: I will go seek the king. This is the
very ecstasy of love; Whose violent property fordoes itself And leads
the will to desperate undertakings As oft as any passion under
heaven That does afflict our natures. I am sorry. What, have you
given him any hard words of late? Opk. No, my good lord, but, as
you did command, I did repel his letters and denied I I is access to
me. Pol That hath made him mad. I am sorry that with better heed
and judgement I had not quoted him: I fear'd he did but trifle And
meant to wreck thee; but beshrew my jealousy! By heaven, it is as
proper to our age To cast beyond ourselves in our opinions As it is
common for the younger sort To lack discretion. Come, go we to the
king: This must be known; which, being kept close, might moveMore
grief to hide than hate to utter love. Come. [Exeunt. 120 1 10 1 1
97. skouIder]Q,JQy s&ntldersthe rot. 99> ''"'■''' ' "] Theobald adot 1
> Q3. a doores 4. of dooi ^-f^adort I 1 . I ** IQ '.'";■ .
QsQefaQ»(Qs)FsFr : 1 r4. 101. Come] Qq. om. F£ 103. fordoes]/
Q4Q Qfr 105. passion] F£ passions ', lit. I am] I' in I 'ope. i*d]QsQ&
AeedeQ spud Ff. 11:. quoted] Ff. COb ' • ' ' 1 \ . ■■ led W arbarl
fear'd] Qq. feare FXF2. fear I I> did but trifle] tfifl'd Pope. wreck I
Wrack < J< | F3 !•'.,. wracke I \ I ■'_,. rack Upton conj. beshrew]
FfQg. beshroz Q3Q4QS. 1 14. By heaven,] (Qx)Qq. Itseemes I I . It
scans F3F4. I I7. 7
 5o HAMLET, [act i Scene II. A room in the castle. Flourish.
Enter King, Queen, Rosencrantz, Guildenstern, and Attendants. King.
Welcome, dear Rosencrantz and Guildenstern! Moreover that we
much did long to see you, The need we have to use you did provoke
Our hasty sending. Something have you heard Of Hamlet's
transformation; so call it, 5 Sith nor the exterior nor the inward man
Resembles that it was. What it should be, More than his father's
death, that thus hath Dut him So much from th' understanding of
himself, I cannot dream of: I entreat you both, 10 That, being of so
young days brought up with him And sith so neighbour' d to his
youth and haviour, That you vouchsafe your rest here in our court
Some little time: so by your companies To draw him on to pleasures,
and to gather 15 So much as from occasion you may glean, Scene
ii.] Scena secunda. Ff. Rosencraus Qq. Rosincrance F z. RoSCENE ill.
Pop wroiFj, Rosincross Y3Y4. A room...] Capell. The Palace. 1, .;;,.
34. Guildenstern] Rowe. Rowe. Guyldensterne Q2Q3Q4Qs-
GuildenFlourish.] om. Ff. sterne FxQg. Guildenstare F.,I-'-F4.
Rosencrantz, ]Malone. Rossen- - 33> 34- Rosencrantz] Malon
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\r. ii.] //. / ML J Whether aught to us unknown affli6ls him

thus, That open'd lies within our remedy. gentlemen, lie hath much
talk'd of you, And sure I am two men there arc not living To whom
he more adheres. If it will please you To show us so much gentry
and good will As to expend your time with us awhile For the supply
and profit of oar hope. Your visitation shall receive such thanks As
fits a king's remembrance. Ros. Both your majestii Might, by the
sovereign power you have of us, Put your dread pleasures more into
command Than to entreaty. Gut/. But wc both obey, A 'i.l h re give
up ourselves, in the full bent To lay our service freely at your feet, To
I mmanded. King. Thanks, Rosencrantz and gentle Guildenstern. v;/.
Thanks. Guildenstern and gentle Rosencrantz: And I beseech you
instantly to visit My too much chan son. G >u, And bring these
gentlemen where Hamlet is. Gut/. Heavens make our presence and
our practices Pleasant and helpful to him ! Qn. Ay, amen ! {Exeunt
Rosencrantz, Gui/dettstem, and some . Xttettdants. 3° 35 '7in Ff iv
:o. ::. »3,.thus,]Q j. < knitted If... \ "111. Q | 1676). arc-] gentry]
gentleness Q (il ■/(/] exit nploy V (163 shall] should Q6. :7- of 19.
/<>] into Keightley. ] Qq. We Ff. -,>l- I Qq. ' 32. To i\-
commanded?] < Emitted in < » ,< » ■ My you,] As in Qq. Two lines
in If. you] Qq. ye Ff. IT. 39- -/.".I Cap 11. / Q otn. I • [men,
Keightley. [Exeunt Rosencrantz...] Exeunt and Gul, Attendants with
1! I 1 t Ros I 1 . I . nor him). Exeunt I r him).
 52 HAMLET. [act ir. Enter POLONIUS. Pol. The ambassadors
from Norway, my good lord, 4° Arc joyfully return'd. King. Thou still
hast been the father of good news. Pol. Have I, my lord? I assure
my good liege, I hold my duty as I hold my soul, Both to my God
and to my gracious king: 45 And I do think, or else this brain of
mine Hunts not the trail of policy so sure As it hath used to do, that
I have found The very cause of Hamlet's lunacy. King. O, speak of
that ; that do I long to hear. 50 Pol. Give first admittance to the
ambassadors ; My news shall be the fruit to that great feast. King.
Thyself do grace to them, and bring them in. {Exit Polonius. He tells
me, my dear Gertrude, he hath found The head and source of all
your son's distemper. 55 Queen. I doubt it is no other but the main ;
His father's death and our o'erhasty marriage. King. Well, we shall
sift him. Re-enter Polonius, with Voltimand and Cornelius. Welcome,
my good friends ! 43. [Aside to the King. Anon. conj. 54. my dear
Gertrude] Capell. my I assure] Qq. Assure you, Ff. deere Gertrard
Q2Q3. my decree: Ger45. and] Qq. one Ff. trud Q4Qs, my deare
Gertrud Q6. my 47. sure] be sure F3F4. t queene, that Ff {queen
l'3V\). 48. it hath] Qq. IhaveYt. 57- o'erhasty] hastie
CU^'^Qe5°that; that] Capell. that, that hasty Q4. QqFf. 581 Scene
iv. Pope. do I] doe I Qq. / do F^F^ Re-enter Polonius ] TheoIdoeY..
bald. Enter I'olonius, Voltimand, 52. Jruit] QSQ6. fruite Q2Q3. and
Cornelius. Ff (Voltumand, FA, frute Q4. newes FxFa. news F3F4.
after line 57. Enter Embassadors. nuts Hunter conj. Qq, after line 57.
to] of Johnson. ' ' ***"> »0'] ' ' T*«mu home, lonius.] Ex. Pol. Rowe.
S. Walker conj. Omitted in QqFf. "W\ Qq- om- Ff 
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SCENE II.] HAMLET. 53 Say, Vbltimand, what from our

brother Norway? /'<>//. Most fair return of greetings and desires.
Upon our first, he sent out to suppress His nephew's levies, which to
him appear'd To be a preparation 'gainst the Polack, But better
look'd into, he truly found It was against your highness: whereat
grieved, That so his sickness, age and impotence Was falsely borne
in hand, sends out arrests On Fortinbras; which he, in brief, obeys,
Receives rebuke from Norway, and in line .Makes vow before his
uncle never more 1 ■ give the assay of arms against your majesty. \\
hereon old Norway, overcome with joy, Gives him three thousand
crowns in annual fee And his commission to employ those soldiers,
So levied as before, against the Polack: With an entreaty, herein
further shown, [Giving a paper. That it might please you to give
quiet pass Through your dominions for this enterprise, On such
regards of safety and allowance As therein are set down. King. It
likes us well, And at our more considered time we'll read, Answer,
and think upon this business. Meantime we thank you for your well-
took labour: Go to your rest; at night we'll feast together: Most
welcome home! \Exeunt Voltimand and Cornelius. Pol. This business
is well ended. 60 7o 75 so 59. Voltimand] F2E3E4. VoltemandQq.
Voltumand Fx. :. levies} 63, 75. Polack} Polacke (Qx). Pollaeke Qq.
Poleak Fx. Polak 1 I 1 .. 7;,. three] (QX)F£ threescore Qq. shown]
shone QaQ W^s[Giving a paper.] Malone om. QqFt Letter. Collier MS.
Seenote(tl). 1. his Ff. that ^ ] herein I 81. consider V] El", cat:. 82.
Answer, and think upon] And think upon an answer to I Limner. 83.
than/:] tak '-: '■] : ell-look't I I '-luck'd Theobald conj. (withdrawn).
85. [Exeunt Vol. and Cor.] CapelL Exeunt I l.xit AmI'.'i 
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54 HAMLET. [ACT II. My liege, and madam, to expostulate

What majesty should be, what duty is, Why day is day, night night,
and time is time, Were nothing but to waste night, day and time.
Therefore, since brevity is the soul of wit And tediousness the limbs
and outward flourishes, ! will be brief. Your noble son is mad: .Mad
call I it; for, to define true madness, What is't but to be nothing else
but mad? But let that go. Queen. More matter, with less art. Pol.
Madam, I swear I use no art at ail. That he is mad, 'tis true : 'tis true
'tis pity, And pit\- 'tis 'tis true: a foolish figure; Tut farewell it, for I
will use no art. Mad let us grant him then: and now remains That we
find out the cause of this effect., Or rather say, the cause of this
defect., For this effect defective comes by cause: Thus it remains
and the remainder thus. Perpend. I have a daughter, — have while
she is mine, — Who in her duty and obedience, mark, Hath given
me this: now gather and surmise. [Reads. ' To the celestial, and my
soul's idol, the most beautified Ophelia,' — 90 95 100 logo, since] Ff.
om. Qq. brevity is] brevity' I 91. limbs] lines Theobald conj.
(withdrawn). 93. it;]it? Q 11676,. 94. mad!] Q4Q Q6. mad, Q Q3.
mad. Ff. 97. he is] Ff. /tee's Q Q Q4Q6. he's Q5. mad, 'tis] mad, is I
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SI I NT. II.] HAMLET. That's an ill phrase, a vile phrase;

'beautified' is a vile phrase: but you shall hear. Thus: [AV 'In her
excellent white bosom, these,1 e\'c. 'teen. Came this from Hamlet to
her? Pol. l^>^(\ madam, stayawhile; I will be faithful. [Reads. ■
Doubt thou the stars are ("ire; 1 loubt that the sun doth move; J
>oubt truth to be a liar; But never doubt I love. ' 0 dear Ophelia, I
am ill at these numbers; I have not art to reckon my groans: but
that I love thee best, (J m best, believe it. Adieu. 'Thine evermore,
most dear lady, whilst this machine is to him, 1 1 AM I .! l .' This in
obedience hath my daughter shown me; And more above, hath his
solicitings, As the}' fell out by time, by means and place. All given to
mine ear. Ki But how hath she eived his love? Pol. What do you think
of me? King. As of a man faithful and honourable. Pol. I would fain
prove so. But what might you think, When I had seen this hot love
on the wing, — As I perceived it, I must tell you that, :ore my
daughter told me, —what might you. 1 1 I 20 1 2 a 130 no : F3.
\utified\ that beatify d Cabell, reading . vile] QqF* vilde F.F^j. 111,
112. Thus:... these,1 C y.J See jcii). in. [Reads.] Dyce. om. QqFf.
112. excellent white] excellent-white S. Walker conj.;. .] Qq. om. Ff.
1 1 4. [Reads.] Reading. K Letter. Qq. om. F£ 1 2 ;,. //. 1 .)//. E T. ]
See note (XIIl). 124. shown] sh 1 15. al ve] r.l'jK4. a ioue Fx. about
Qq. above, hath] about have Q6. concernii solicitings] Qq. solieitin
127, i:\ But...love7] As in CapelL One line in QqFf. 130. think,]
Capell. think* think! If. 131. this] his F3F4. V,—] win-, Qal
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s6 HAMLET. [act it. Or my dear majesty your queen here,

think, If I had play'd the desk or table-book, i35 Or given my heart a
winking, mute and dumb, Or look'd upon this love with idle sight ;
What might you think? No, I went round to work. And my young
mistress thus I did bespeak: ' Lord Hamlet is a prince, out of thy
star; M0 This must not be:' and then I prescripts gave her, That she
should lock herself from his resort, Admit no messengers, receive no
tokens. Which done, she took the fruits of my advice ; And he
repulsed, a short tale to make, M5 Fell into a sadness, then into a
fast, Thence to a watch, thence into a weakness, Thence to a
lightness, and by this declension Into the madness wherein now he
raves And all we mourn for. I5° King. Do you think this? Queen. It
may be, very like. Pol. Hath there been such a time, I 'Id fain know
that, That I have positively said ' 'tis so,' When it proved otherwise?
King. Not that I know. 134. your] you F2. x35- play? d\ ply? d
Keightley conj. 136. a win kin
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scene ii.] HAMLET. 57 Pol [Pointing to his head and

shoulder] Take this from this, if this be otherwise: 155 If
circumstances lead me, I will find Where truth is hid, though it were
hid indeed Within the centre. A7//i,r. I [ow may we try it further? Pol
Vou know, sometimes he walks four hours together 1 1 ere in the
lobby. Queen. So he does, indeed. 160 Pol At such a time I'll loose
my daughter to him: He you and I behind an arras then; Mark the
encounter: if he love her not, And be not from his reason fall'n
thereon, Let me be no assistant for a state, 165 But keep a farm and
carters. King. We will try it. Queen. But look where sadly the poor
wretch comes reading. Pol. Away, I do beseech you, both away : I'll
board him presently. [Exeunt King, Queen, and A ttendants. Enter
Hamlet, reading. O, give me leave: how does my good Lord Hamlet?
170 Ham. Well, God-a-mercy. Pol. Do you know me, my lord ? 155.
[Pointing... shoulder] Pope, then, Marie QqFf [Mark F4). arras; ed. 2
(Theobald). 0111. QqF£ then Mark Staunton, arras then To this. if...
otherwise:'] this, if... mark Keightley. atkerwii Q4Q5. this ; if 166.
But] Qq. AndYt. other- . •. Fx. this, if. ..otherwise, F2 ami] of Q
(1703). V l'iF4. 167. Scene v. Pope. t5& further] farther Collier.
reading.] One line in .160. You.. .lobby.] As in Qq. Qq. Two, the first
ending wretch, in Three lines, ending sometimes. ..heere If. ...lobby,
in Ff. 168. you, both] Ft you 60th Qq. 159. four] F3F4. foure The
rest you loth, Anon. conj. for Hanmer. 169. [Exeunt... Enter...] See n
■ no. does] Q4QSQ6. dooe 7 V»3- (XTV). *aVF,. ■ ; i i i7r. Weil, God-
a-mercy.] Exedl i":. /;
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>8 HAMLET. [act n. Ham. Excellent well ; you are a

fishmonger. Pol. Not I, my lord. Ham. Then I would you were so
honest a man. 175 Pol. Honest, my lord ! Ham. Ay, sir; to be honest,
as this world goes, is to be one man picked out of ten thousand. Pol.
That's very true, my lord. Ham. For if the sun breed maggots in a
dead dog, 180 being a god kissing carrion — Have you a daughter ?
Pol. I have, my lord. Ham. Let her not walk i' the sun: conception is
a blessing; but as your daughter may conceive, — friend, look to't.
185 Pol. [Aside] How say you by that? Still harping on my daughter:
yet he knew me not at first; he said I was a fishmonger: he is far
gone: and truly in my youth I suffered much extremity for love; very
near this. I'll speak to him again. What do you read, my lord? 190
Ham. Words, words, words. Pol. What is the matter, my lord ? Ham.
Between who ? Pol. I mean, the matter that you read, my lord. 173.
Excellent] Qq. Excellent, but not as... conceive. Friend 'Ff. excellent
IT. 186 — 190. How. ..again.] Marked are] Qq. fareYL you're as
'Aside' by Capell. Dyce. Still... again.] Marked 176. lord!] lord? PTQ6.
lord. Q2 a^ 'Aside' by Steevens. Verse, MaO3Q4Q5. ginn conj.,
ending die lines on... first; x77) [78. Ay, sir... thousand.] Prose ...he
is... youth... love;... again. in Ff. Two lines, the first endmggoes, 187.
at first] at the first Q (1676). in Qq. 1S7, 188. he said... he] Ff. a
said 17S. man] om. F3F4. ...a Qq. but said. ..he Q (1676). ten]
QsQg. tenne QA'jQ-j- *88 — 190. he is... again.] Mark..! PiooYi. as
'Aside' by Pope, who reads as 180. Ham.] Ham. [reads]. Staun- three
lines of verse. ton. 188. far gone] Qq. farre gone, [81. god kissing
carrion] Hanmer farre gone Ff. (Warbiirton). good kissing carrion Qq
189. much] om, Maginnconj. Ff. god-kissing carrion Malone conj.
190, 192. lord:] FfQg. lord. Q2 good, kissing carrion Whiter conj.
Q5Q4Q5. carrion kissing god Mitford conj. 193. who?] FZQ6. who.
Q2Q3Q4 carrion—] Ff. carrion. Qq. Q5. whom? I 184. but as
conceive,— friend] 1^4. that you read] Qq. you meant Malone. but
as... cone eave, friend Q\. F,Fa. you mean F3F 4.
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NE II.] HAMLET. Ham. Slanders, sir: for the satirical roj here
that old men have grey beards, that their faces are wrinkled, their
eyes purging thick amber and plum-tree gum, and that they have a
plentiful lack of wit, together with mi weak hams: all which, sir,
though I most powerfully and potently believe, yet I hold it not
honesty to have it thus set down; for yourself, sir, shall grow old as I
am, if like a crab you could go backward. Pol. [Aside] Though this be
madness, yet there is method in't. Will you walk out of the air, my
lord? Ham. Into my grave. 205 Pol. Indeed, that's out of the air.
[Aside] How pregnant metimes his replies are! a happiness that
often madness hits on, which reason and sanity could not so
prosperously be delivered of. I will leave him, and suddenly contrive
the means of meeting between him and my daughter. My -10
honourable lord, I will most humbly take my leave of you. Ham. You
cannot, sir, take from me any thing th.it I will more willingly part
withal: except my life, except my life except my life. j Qq. slave Ff.
197. and plum-tTi rluiu1 f. 'Vs- •'•■'■ -1 - \ ' :' _■ lock F3F4. j Qq. 1
mi. Ff. 201. /"F3F4. shall grow elJ~\ Qq. should hall be but as old 1
Limner, shall 103. [Aside] I ir>t mark pelL 203, 204. Though... lord
T\ Pn Qq. Three I ./.' in If. Two Universe, the first ending in't, in
Kowe. 203. there is] : - iwe. 205. Qq. 206 — 2ii. Indeed... you.]
Prose in Qq. Kle\cn irregular lines in Ff: nine in Rowe and Pope. J
Qq. that is cut ot/i Ff. [Aside] Marked first '■ 207. 1 madness
Jennens. 20s. ] ] : and sanitie !•",. reason and san sanity and reason
Tope. Z08, 20cj. so : happily be Qg. be S 1'. ipe. 209. I will] I'll
Pope. 2o'[. 21 :. m. Qq. 213. mill] Ff. 213, 211. \ Three times in Qq.
my life, my life. Ff. Pope. [A "j
 60 HAMLET. [act n. Pol. Fare you well, my lord. 2I5 Ham.
These tedious old fools ! Enter Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. Pol.
You go to seek the Lord Hamlet; there he is. Ros. [To Polonius] God
save you, sir! [Exit Polonius. Guil. My honoured lord ! Ros. My most
dear lord ! 220 Ham. My excellent good friends ! How dost thou,
Guildenstern? Ah, Rosencrantz ! Good lads, how do you both? Ros.
As the indifferent children of the earth. Guil. Happy, in that we are
not over-happy; On Fortune's cap we are not the very button. 225
Ham. Nor the soles of her shoe ? Ros. Neither, my lord. Ham. Then
you live about her waist, or in the middle of her favours ? Guil. Faith,
her privates we. 230 Ham. In the secret parts of Fortune? O, most
true; she is a strumpet. What's the news ? Ros. None, my lord, but
that the world's grown honest. Ham. Then is doomsday near : but
your news is not 216. These... fools!] Tlwu...fooll as by I Limner.
Two lines, the first endMaginn conj. ing lap, in Qq {cap Q6). Prose in
Ff. Enter...] As in Capell. Enter over-happy; On For/line's cap
Guyldersteme, and Rosencraus. Qq we] Hanmer. over-happy: on
For(after line 214). Enter Rosincran and tune's cap, we Ff. ever
happy on forGuildensterne. F,. Enter Rosincros tunes lap, We Qq
{cap Q6). and Guildenstar. F2F3. Enter Rosin- 225. On] Of Anon.
conj. cros and Guildensterne. F4 (after line 226. shoe] shooes Collier
MS. See 217 in Ff). note (il). 217. the Lord] Qq. my Lord Ff. shoe?]
shoo? Fr shooe? F2 lord Pope. F3F4. shooe. Qq. 21S. SCENE vi.
Tope. 22S. waist] Johnson, wast Qq. [To Polonius] Malone. waste Ff.
[Exit Polonius.] As in Capell. 229. favours?] Pope, favors. Qq. Exit.
Pope (after line 217). favour.' Ff. 219. My] Qq. MtneFf. 230. her] in
her Pope, ed. 2. 22). excellent] extent Q.,Q3. cxe- 232. Waal's the]
Ff. IThatQq. lentQ.4. news?] newes? QqFr newes. 222. AA]Q6.
fQ2Q3Q4Q5. OhYi. F3F3. news. F4. I Qq. ye Ff. 233. ///«/] Ff. om.
Qq. U4, 225. Happy... button^] Arranged 234. latt] sure (j (1676).
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scene ii.] HA ML E 1 '. 6 1 true. Let me question more in

particular: what have you, 235 my good friends, deserved at the
hands of Fortune, that she sends y.>u to prison hither? Guil. Prison,
my lord ! Ham. Denmark's a prison. Ros. Then is the world one. 240
Ham. A goodly one; in which there are main- confine wards and
dun-eons, Denmark being one o' the worst. Ros. We think not so,
my lord. Ham. Why, then 'tis none to you; for there is nothing either
good or bad, but thinking makes it so: to me it is a 245 prison. Ros.
Why, then your ambition makes it one; 'tis too narrow for your mind.
Hani. O God, I could be bounded in a nut-shell and count myself a
king of infinite space, were it not that 1 250 have bad dreams. Guil.
Which dreams indeed are ambition; for the very substance of the
ambitious is merely the shadow of a dream. Ham. A dream itself is
but a shadow. Ros. Truly, and I hold ambition of so airy and light a
255 quality that it is but a shadow's shadow. Ham. Then are our
beggars bodies, and our monarchs and outstretched heroes the
beggars' shadows. Shall we to the court? for, by my fay. I cannot
reason. Ros. Guil. We'll wait upon you. 260 Ham. Xo such matter: I
will not sort you with the rest of my servants ; for, to speak to you
like an honest man, I am most dreadfully attended. But, in the
beaten way of friendship, what make you at Elsinore ? Ros. To visit
you, my lord ; no other occasion. Ham. Beggar that I am, I am even
poor in thanks; but ■235 — 263. Let me...attended.] It. 2^0. Ros.
GuiL] Both. Ff. Omitted in Qq. 264. friendships QqFx. friendship.
242. a* the] o* th' FL of the CspeU. FJ';1> 244. 245. Why. ..so:]
Two lines of 164,35a. Elsinore] Malone. . the firbt ending nothing, S.
noure Q3Q • ,■ Walker conj. El 1 • I 151. bad] had Anon. conj. 1
fay] Pope. /.>• Ff.
 62 HAMLET. [act it. I thank you: and sure, dear friends, my
thanks are too dear a halfpenny. Were you not sent for? Is it your
own inclining ? Is it a free visitation ? Come, deal justly with me:
come, come; nay, speak. 27° Guil. What should we say, my lord ?
Ham. Why, any thing, but to the purpose. You were sent for ; and
there is a kind of confession in your looks, which your modesties
have not craft enough to colour : I know the good king and queen
have sent for you. 275 Ros. To what end, my lord ? Ham. That you
must teach me. But let me conjure you, by the rights of our
fellowship, by the consonancy of our youth, by the obligation of our
ever-preserved love, and by what more dear a better proposer could
charge you withal, be 280 even and direct with me, whether you
were sent for, or no. Ros. [Aside to Guil.] What say you? Ham.
[Aside] Nay then, I have an eye of you. — If you love me, hold not
off. Guil. My lord, we were sent for. 285 Ham. I will tell you why; so
shall my anticipation prevent your discovery, and your secrecy to the
king and queen moult no feather. I have of late — but wherefore I
know not — lost all my mirth, foregone all custom of exercises; and
indeed it goes so heavily with my disposition that this goodly 290
frame, the earth, seems to me a sterile promontory ; this most -268.
a halfpenny'] of a halfpenny 2S2. [Aside to Guil.] Edd. (Globe
Theobald, at a halfpenny Hann ed.). To Guilden. Theobald. To 269.
Come, deal] Ff. come, come, Hamlet. Delius conj. ale Qq. 28.1, 084.
Ham. Nay. ..of.] Omit272. Why] I 1. om. Qq. ted by Jennens. any
(king, but] Qg. any 283. [Aside] Marked first by Steething but
Q2Q3Q4Qs- anything. Jy>ut vens (1793). Ff. vou. — ]ofyo'u:F{. of
you? purpose. You] purpose you Q Q2Q3- of you. Q^QsQg- °" '
(1676). I larness conj. 273. of] Qq. om. Ff. 287. discovery, and]
discovery of "Ff. 278. our fellowship] our fellowships 2S7, 28S. and
your... moult] Qq. Q6. your fellowship F3F '4. of your...queenc: moult
Ff. of your ■270. ever-pi ■preferred ...queen. MoultKmght. Q (1676).
2S8. feather. 1] feather: / Q6. 280. could] Ff. can Oq. feather, /The n
charge] chatty Qs. 289. exercise | Qq. exercise Yl. 281. no.] QqFf.
no? Pope. 290. keavi v] Qq. heavenly Ff.
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SCENE II.] HAMLET. excellent canopy, the air. look you, this
bi [ing firmament, this majestical roof fretted with golden fire, why,
it appears no other thing to me than a foal and pestilent
congregation of vap >urs. What a piece of work is a man ! how
noble in m! how infinite in faculty! in form ami moving how express
ami admirable! in a. tion how like an angel! in apprehension how lik
»d! the beauty of the rid! the paragon of animals! And yet, to me.
what is this quintessence of dust? man delights not me; no,
norwoman 3^o neither, though by your smilin seem to say so. Ros.
My lord, there was no such stuff in my thoughts. Ham. Why did you
laugh then, when 1 said ' man delights not me' ? K lenten
entertainment the players shall receive from you: wc cotcd them on
the way; and hither are they coming, to offer you service. Ham. lie
that plays the king shall be welcome; his maj hall have tribute of
me; the adventurous knight 310 shall use his foil and target; the
lover shall not ratis; the humourous man shall end his part in peace ;
the clown shall make those laugh whose lungs are tickled o' the
sere, and the lady shall say her mind freely, or the blank' verse shall
halt for't What players are the)-3 315 tg] brave hanging S. Wnlker
conj. 1 ore-hanged Q4 firmament] Qq. < Emitted in If. '' i- &pptarII
.. 1 -.- ireth Qq. no other thing to me than] nothing to rin- hit Q a pi
] 1 i\' . peece a man] man > l . faculty] Ff. facu ' 396 298. faculty!.
..g ■'.') I' asinQ, and I rtantially. facul. (no ."■,00. n ] ■ 'in. Qq. ' Q
{2s;,or. Si •//] see an- F2. 303. you]] 1. then] Qq. om. I , 306.
lenten] ■ The rest. 307. coted] Q2Q • ! 'cost 1 U. quoted Jennens
conj. / Staunton conj. arc they] a; ;,io. 0/1 31 1. sigh] .51 :, 313. thi
] ( Emitted in
 04 HAMLET. [act n. Ros. Even those you were wont to take
such delight in, the tragedians of the city. Ham. How chances it they
travel? their residence, both in reputation and profit, was better both
ways. Ros. I think their inhibition comes by the means of the 320
late innovation. Ham. Do they hold the same estimation they did
when I was in the city ? are they so followed ? Ros. No, indeed, are
they not. Ham. How comes it? do they grow rusty ? 3^5 Ros. Nay,
their endeavour keeps in the wonted pace : but there is, sir, an eyrie
of children, little eyases, that cry out on the top of question and are
most tyranically clapped for't: these are now the fashion, and so
berattle the common stages — so they call them — that many
wearing rapiers 330 are afraid of goose-quills, and dare scarce come
thither. Ham. What, are they children ? who maintains 'em ? how are
they escoted ? Will they pursue the quality no longer than they can
sing? will they not say afterwards, if they should grow themselves to
common players,— as it is 335 most like, if their means are no
better, — their writers do them wrong, to make them exclaim
against their own succession? Ros. Faith, there has been much to do
on both sides, and the nation holds it no sin to tarre them to
controversy : 316. suck] Qq. om. Ff. F3F4. 317. in, the] QqF4. in the
FIF2F3. eyases] Theobald. Vases Ff. 318. they] the Q4Q5. 328.
question] the question Capell. //-azv/] Q6F3F4. travaile The 329.
fashion] faclion Hughs. rest. berattle] be- rattle F3F4. be 319. was]
were Anon conj. ratleF2. de-ratted Fr 320. 321. inhibition
..innovation.] 330. stages] stagers Theobald conj. itineration
innovation. Theobald (withdrawn). conj. (withdrawn), innovation...
inhi~ 332. \'ni] them Capell. bition. Johnson o 335. players,]
players? Pope(e& 1). 320. the means] means Johnson. 336. most
like,] Pope. UkemostFl. 321. innovation.] innovation? Ff. like, most,
Capell. like most will, 322. Do they] Do the Q4Q5. Anon. conj. 324.
are they] Q2Q3Q4Qs. they no] not F2. are FfQ6. them] them on
Pope (ed. 2). 325—345. Ham. How... load too.] ^.succession?] Pope,
ed. 2 (TheoOmitted in Qq. bald), succession. "Ff. 327. eyrie] ayrieFz.
ayryF2. airy
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scene ii.] HAMLET. 65 there was for a while no money bid

for argument unless 340 the p >-'t and the player went to cuffs in
the question. Ham. Is't possible ? Cuil. O, there has been much
throwing about of brains. J lam. Do the boys carry it away ? Ros. Ay,
that they do, my lord ; Hercules and his load too. 345 Ham. It is not
very strange; for my uncle is king of Denmark, and those that would
make mows at him while my father lived, give twenty, forty, fifty, a
hundred ducats a-piece, for his picture in little. 'Sblood, there is
something in this more than natural, if philosophy could find it out.
350 [Flourish of trumpets within. Guil. There are the players. Ham.
Gentlemen, you are welcome to Elsinore. Your hands, come then:
the appurtenance of welcome is fashion and ceremony: let me
comply with you in this ^arb, lest m}- extent to the players, which,
1 tell you, must show fairly outwards, should more appear like
entertainment than yours. You are welcome: but my uncle-father
and aunt-mother are deceived. Guil In what, my dear lord ? Ham. I
am but mad north-north-west: when the wind 360 is southerly I
know a hawk from a handsaw. Enter Polonius. Pol. Well be with you,
crentlemen ! 345. load] club Theobald conj. the players? Q (1676).
(withdrawn'. 353. then} Qq. om. Ff. 346. very strange; for] Qg. very
appurtenance} apportenanct strange,) q. th Ff. 347. mows] tnowes
Ff. mouths Q2 354, 355. lest my] FfQg. let me Qa Q3Q4Q5. mouthes
Q6. Q,. let my Q4n5. 348. fifty] Qq. om. 1 ■'!". 355. extent] ostent
Collier conj. a] Qq. an l\~. 356. outwards] Qq. outward Ff. 349.
'Sblood] & blood Q6. S'bloud handsaw] Ff. ///,QaQ3Q4Qs. om. Ft Q3
*«*
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accurate

66 HAMLET. [act it. Ham. Hark you, Guildenstern; and you

too: at each ear a hearer: that great baby you see there is not yet
out of his swaddling clouts. 365 Ros. Happily he's the second time
come to them; for they say an old man is twice a child. Hani. I will
prophesy he comes to tell me of the players; mark it. You say right,
sir: o'Monday morning; 'twas so, indeed. 370 Pol. My lord, I have
news to tell you. Ham. My lord, I have news to tell you. When
Roscius was an actor in Rome, — Pol. The actors are come hither,
my lord. Hajn. Buz, buz ! 375 Pol. Upon my honour, — • Hani. Then
came each actor on his ass, — Pol. The best actors in the world,
either for tragedy, comedy, history, pastoral, pastoral-comical,
historical-pastoral, tragical-historical, tragical-comical-historical-
pastoral, 380 scene individable, or poem unlimited : Seneca cannot
be too 363. too: at] Ff. too, at Q6. to, "I Q2Q3. to, arc Q4Os. 364.
you see there is] as you see is Q4Q5Q6365. S7i>addling clouts']
swadling clouts Qq. swathing clouts Ff. swath' ling clouts Rowe (ed.
2). 366. Happily] < Mv>3Q4Q5FiF2F3Happely Q6. Haply Y4. he's]
Fjl'^F,;. he is Qq. hes F2. 368. prophesy he] prophecy, he Q2 Q3-
prophecy that lie Q4. prophecie that lie Q5Q6. prophesie. P/ee Fr
prophesie, He I'.,I''jI''4. 369. it. You} it: You Q6. it, Yon QaQ3- a, you
Q4Q5Ff. ojCapell. aQq. foraY, 'j''3- for on F4. morning;] morning,
Q2Q3. morning Q4QsFfQ6. 370. so](QI)Y{. then Qq. 372. Roscius]
F2F3F4. A'ossius Qq 373Qq. 376. ?oas] Qq. om. Ff. Rome, — ] Rome
— Ff. Rome. my] Qq. mine IT. honour, — ] honour — Rowe. honor,
or honour. QqFf. 377. Then... ass, — ] Marked as a quotation by
Steevens (Johnson conj.). came] Qq. can Ff. ass, — ] asse — Ff.
asse. Qq. 379. 3S0. pastoral-comical, historical-pastoral] Q4Q5Q6.
pastoral! comicall, historical! pastorall Q2Q3. pastoricall - eomicall -
historicall -pastorall IT. 380. tragical -historical, tragical comical-
historical-pastoral] Omitted in Qq. 381. scene] seeme Q4Q5.
individable] indevidible Q2Q3. individable Q4 Qb Q6. indivible Ff.
imdividable Rowe.
The text on this page is estimated to be only 21.93%
accurate

\r. ii.] HAMLET. 67 jpo heavy, nor Plautus too light. For the
law of writ and the liberty, these are the only men. Ham. 0
Jephthah, judge of Israel, what a treasure hadst thou ! Pol What a
treasure had he, my lord ? Ham. Why, • One fair daughter, and no
more, The which he loved passing well.' Pol. [Aside] Still on my
daughter. Ham. Am I not i' the right, old Jephthah? Pol. If you call
me Jephthah, my lord, I have a daughter that I love passing well. J
lam. Nay, that follows not. Pol. What follows, then, my lord? Haui.
Why, 'As by lot, God wot,' and then, you know, ' It came to pass, as
most like it was,' — the first row of the pious chanson will show you
more; 4°° f>r look, where my abridgement comes. **, 383. / V,
these] Theobald, light for... liberty : thesi Qa . light, fbr...liberty.
These light for liberty; these 'J or,/,,. rit] wit Q l 1676] and Rowe.
.-:..- . the liberty\liberty (3(1676). O Jephthah Israeli A- a quotation
in Pope. . Jephthah] Ilanmer. //:.-.■ 1,1- Jephta I I '.,. What a
treasure] (( What treasure iKce, ed. : (S. Walker conj.). 387—389.
Why well*] As in ell. Prose in Qq. Two lines in Marked as a quotation
in Pope. ;,0o. [Aside] Marked first by Ca1 ell. 392—394. Pol. If..
.not.] Omitted inQ4QsQ6393. v. .'.-J th 'ti Jennens. . 397.
Why...wot,'] As in Milone. Prose in QqFf. Pope prints as a quotation
by i. and then.. ! Prose in QqF£ 400. pious chanson] Potts Chanson
F,. Pans Chanson I F3 V4. pans chanson Qg. godly rubrichQ(i6-;6).
Pontchansons Hannier. Pont chanson (i.e. 'chanson da Pont Neuf)
Hunter conj. 40 r. abridgement comes] (< . igment comes (J/J,1,1.
men Is come F£ .-teas,'] As in abridge* I 2
 68 HAMLET. [act ii. Enter four or jive Players. You are
welcome, masters ; welcome, all. I am glad to see thee well.
Welcome, good friends. O, my old friend! Why thy face is valanced
since I saw thee last; comest thou to beard me in Denmark? What,
my young lady and mis- 405 tress! By 'r lady, your ladyship is nearer
to heaven than when I" saw you last, by the altitude of a chopine.
Pray God, your voice, like a piece of uncurrent gold, be not cracked
within the ring. Masters, you are all welcome. We'll e'en to 't like
French falconers, fly at any thing we 410 see: we'll have a speech
straight: come, give us a taste of your quality; come, a passionate
speech. First Play. What speech, my good lord ? Ham. I heard thee
speak me a speech once, but it was never acled; or, if it was, not
above once; for the play, I re- 415 member, pleased not the million ;
'twas caviare to the general: but it was— as I received it, and
others, whose judgements in such matters cried in the top of mine
— an excellent play, well digested in the scenes, set down with as
much modesty as cunning. I remember, one said there were no
sallets in 420 the lines to make the matter savoury, nor no matter in
the F.nter ] FT. Enter the Players. French] (Q^Ff. friendly Qq. Qq.
Enter certain players, usher'd. falconers] (Q,). fankners Q2 Capell.
Q3. fankners Q4QsQ6- fanlconers Ff. 40:. Ycuare] Qq. V'areFL 413,
446, &c. First Play.] 1 Play. 403. thee'] yon Hanmer. Ff. Player. Qq.
my] Ff. om. Qq. 413. good] (Q£)Qq. om. Ff. 403,404. 1 1 'hy, thy]
Qq. Thy Ff. 416. caviare] Johnson. cauiaryQa 404. valanced]
vallanced (QT). va- Q3Q4Qs- cauiarieFx. caulary F2F3 land Q2Q3.
valanc' d Q^Q5C)6. va- F4. caviary Q6. a caviary Q (1676). liant Ff.
caviar Rowe. contrary Long MS. 406. By'r lady] Byrlady F1. Ber- 417.
received] conceived Collier MS. lady F2F3F4. biirlady (Q,). by lady
See note (ii). Q2QiQ4- my Ladie Qs. my Lady Q6. judgements] Qq.
judgementYi. ladyship] lordship F3F4. 420. were no sallets] Qq. was
no to heaven] Qq. heaven Ff. sallets (Q,)Ff. was no salts Pope (ed.
407. chopine] (Q,)Qq. choppine 1). was no salt Pope (ed. 2). were
no Ff. chioppine Pope, chapin Jennens. salts Capell. were no saletes
Becket 4 to. e'en to V] Q6. enlo't Q2Q3Q4 conj. Qs. /// 7 Ff.
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accurate

SCENE I I.J HAMLET, phrase that might indict the author of

affec"lion; but called it an honest method, as wholesome as sweet,
and by very much more handsome than fine. One speech in it I
chiefly loved: 'twas /Eneas' tale to Dido; and thereabout of it
especially, where he speaks of Priam's slaughter: if it live in your
memory, begin at this line; let me see, let me see; 'The rugged
Pyrrhus, like th' Hyrcanian beast,' — It is not so: it begins with '
Pyrrhus.' 'The rugged Pyrrhus, he whose sable arms, Black as his
purpose, did the night resemble When he lay couched in the
ominous horse, Hath now this dread and black complexion smear'd
With heraldry more dismal : head to foot Now is he total gules ;
horridly trick'd With blood of fathers, mothers, daughters, sons,
Baked and impasted with the parching streets, That lend a
tyrannous and a damned light To their lord's murder: roasted in
wrath and fire, And thus o'er-sized with coagulate gore, With eyes
like carbuncles, the hellish Pyrrhus Old grandsire Priam seeks.' So,
proceed you. 4::. indie?] Collier, indite (, affection] Qq. aff gelation
F£ but] but /Johnson conj. 4:;, 424. as wholesome... Jine]Qc\. (
taiittecl in Ff. 4:4. speech] Qq. eheefe speech Fv ehiefe speech Fa.
chief speech F I ,. M»*](Qx)Ff. »V»VQq. 4:5. .•/•."//-'] l'opc. Aeneas
Q3Q$. ^««rQ4Q5FfQ6. fc&HQJFE talhe Qq. talkt Q,,676). 42^1.
where] (Q,)J f. 1 'hen ■ 4:8. th" Hyrcanian] Ff. 77.' nian Q3Q rQ4Qs.
•'•' ircanian Q . 4?g, // is not so:} If. t is not so, Q2Q3. lis not Q4Q5.
'tis not 'tis not, Q(i6o5). 431. his] he FaF3. 4;,:. he] his FJ"4. the
ominous] (Q,)Ff. th" any4-. 430 nous Q2Q3. ///' ominous Q4Q 433.
this] his {Q^Q 43.. heraldry] heraldy QaQ3Q4Q5. dismal: head to
foot] Pointed as in Ff. d is mall head to foote, QaQ3 Q4Q5. dismail
head to foot: Q6. 435. total gules] totall Gules 'Qq. to take Geulles
F,Fa. to take Geules F3F4. 437. impasted] i minis ted Q4QsQfi.
streets] fires Pope. 438. and a] (Jq. and Ff. 4 30. their lord's murder]
their Lords nmrther QaQ3Q4Qs- their Lords murder Qg. their vilde
Murthers F, F3F3. their vile Murthers Y 4. th. Murthers Rowe.
murlher I their lords' murder S. Walker conj. 440. o'er-sized] ore
cised Qq. 44 t. carbuncles] carbuncle Q . 443. A', proceed you.] Qq.
Omitted in Ff. 435 44°
 •o HAMLET. [ACT II. Pol. 'Fore God, my lord, well spoken,
with good accent and good discretion. 445 First Play. 'Anon he finds
him Striking too short at Greeks; his antique sword, Rebellious to his
arm, lies where it falls, Repugnant to command: unequal match'd,
Pyrrhus at Priam drives; in rage strikes wide; 450 But with the whiff
and wind of his fell sword The unnerved father falls. Then senseless
Ilium, Seeming to feel this blow, with flaming top Stoops to his base,
and with a hideous crash Takes prisoner Pyrrhus' ear: for, lo! his
sword, 455 Which was declining on the milky head Of reverend
Priam, seem'd i' the air to stick : So, as a painted tyrant, Pyrrhus
stood. And like a neutral to his will and matter, Did nothing. 460 But
as we often see, against some storm, A silence in the heavens, the
rack stand still, The bold winds speechless and the orb below As
hush as death, anon the dreadful thunder Doth rend the region, so
after Pyrrhus' pause 465 Aroused vengeance sets him new a-work;
And never did the Cyclops' hammers fall 447. antique} Tope, antickc
or auiiek QqFf. ■M.8. to /it's] in /lis Rcnve (cd. 2). 449. match'd]
malcht Qq. match IT. 452. falls. ..Ilium'] falls then senseless. Ilium
Theobald conj. (withdrawn). Then senseless Ilium] If. Omitted in Qq.
453. this] Qq. his Ff. 454. base] Qq. Bace Ff. Y: 5, 465, 4^9.
Pyrrhus1] Apostrophe inserted by Pope. 457. reverend] Ff. reverent
Qq. 458. painted] Omitted in F3F4. 459. And like] FrF4. like Qq. And
lik"d F2F3. and matter] Erased in Long MS. 459, 460. And nothing.]
As in Qq. One line in Ff. 462. rack] rackgs Qg. wrack Theobald conj.
(withdrawn). 463. winds] wind Qg. 465. region, so] Qq. region. So
Ff. 466. Aroused] Collier. A raiused QqF2F3F4. A ro wsed F,. A roused
Theobald (ed. 2). a-work] a-worke F,. aworke Q6. a worke
Q2Q3Q4QSF2. a work F3F4. a' work Capell. 4^7. Cyclops1]
Apostrophe inserted by Theobald.
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