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Fundamentals of Differential Equations 8th Edition R.
Kent Nagle Digital Instant Download
Author(s): R. Kent Nagle, Edward B. Saff, Arthur David Snider
ISBN(s): 9780321747730, 0321747739
Edition: 8th Edition
File Details: PDF, 6.57 MB
Year: 2011
Language: english
 EIGHTH EDITION

Fundamentals of
Differential Equations
This page intentionally left blank
 EIGHTH EDITION

Fundamentals of
Differential Equations

R. Kent Nagle

Edward B. Saff
Vanderbilt University

Arthur David Snider

University of South Florida

Addison-Wesley
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Nagle, R. Kent.
Fundamentals of differential equations. -- 8th ed. / R. Kent Nagle,
Edward B. Saff, David Snider.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-321-74773-0
ISBN-10: 0-321-74773-9
1. Differential equations--Textbooks. I. Saff, E. B., 1944- II.
Snider, Arthur David, 1940- III. Title.

QA371.N24 2012
515'.35--dc22 2011002688

Copyright © 2012, 2008, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 EB 15 14 13 12 11

ISBN-13: 978-0-321-74773-0
www.pearsonhighered.com ISBN-10: 0-321-74773-7
Dedicated to R. Kent Nagle

He has left his imprint not only on these pages but upon all who knew him. He was
that rare mathematician who could effectively communicate at all levels, imparting his
love for the subject with the same ease to undergraduates, graduates, precollege stu-
dents, public school teachers, and his colleagues at the University of South Florida.
Kent was at peace in life—a peace that emanated from the depth of his under-
standing of the human condition and the strength of his beliefs in the institutions of
family, religion, and education. He was a research mathematician, an accomplished
author, a Sunday school teacher, and a devoted husband and father.
Kent was also my dear friend and my jogging partner who has left me behind still
struggling to keep pace with his high ideals.
E. B. Saff

v
This page intentionally left blank
Preface

OUR GOAL
Fundamentals of Differential Equations is designed to serve the needs of a one-semester
course in basic theory as well as applications of differential equations. The flexibility of the
text provides the instructor substantial latitude in designing a syllabus to match the emphasis of
the course. Sample syllabi are provided in this preface that illustrate the inherent flexibility of
this text to balance theory, methodology, applications, and numerical methods, as well as the
incorporation of commercially available computer software for this course.

NEW TO THIS EDITION

With this edition we are pleased to feature some new pedagogical and reference tools, as well
as some new projects and discussions that bear upon current issues in the news and in acade-
mia. In brief:

• In response to our colleagues’ perception that many of today’s students’ skills in integra-
tion have gotten rusty by the time they enter the differential equations course, we have
included a new appendix offering a quick review of the methods for integrating func-
tions analytically. We trust that our light overview will prove refreshing (Appendix A,
page A-1).
• A new project models the spread of staph infections in the unlikely setting of a hospi-
tal, an ongoing problem in the health community’s battle to contain and confine dan-
gerous infectious strains in the population (Chapter 5, Project B, page 310).
• By including five new sketches of the various eigenfunctions arising from separating
variables in our chapter on partial differential equations (Chapter 10), we are able to
enhance the visualization of their qualitative features.
• We finesse the abstruseness of generalized eigenvector chain theory with a novel tech-
nique for computing the matrix exponential for defective matrices (Chapter 9, Section 8,
page 554).
• The rectangular window (or “boxcar function”) has become a standard mathematical
tool in the communications industry, the backbone of such schemes as pulse code
modulation, etc. Our revised chapter on Laplace transforms incorporates it to facilitate
the analysis of switching functions for differential equations (Chapter 7, Section 6,
page 384).

vii
viii Preface

• We have added a project presenting a cursory analysis of oil dispersion after a spill,
based roughly on an incident that occurred in the Mississippi River (Chapter 2, Project
A, page 79).
• Even as computer science basks in the limelight as the current “glamour” technology
profession, we unearthed an application of the grande dame of differential equations
techniques—power series—to predict the performance of Quicksort, a machine algo-
rithm that alphabetizes large lists (Chapter 8, Project A, page 493).
• Closely related to the current interest in hydroponics is our project describing the
growth of phytoplankton by controlling the supply of the necessary nutrients in a
chemostat tank (Chapter 5, Project F, pages 316).
• The basic theorems on linear difference equations closely resemble those for differen-
tial equations (but are easier to prove), so we have included a project exploring this
kinship (Chapter 6, Project D, page 347).
• We conclude our chapter on power series expansions with a tabulation of the histori-
cally significant second-order differential equations, the practical considerations that
inspired them, the mathematicians who analyzed them, and the standard notations for
their solutions (Chapter 8, pages 485–486).

Additionally, we have added dozens of new problems and have updated the references to
relevant literature and Web sites, especially those facilitating the online implementation of
numerical methods.

PREREQUISITES
While some universities make linear algebra a prerequisite for differential equations, many
schools (especially engineering) only require calculus. With this in mind, we have designed the
text so that only Chapter 6 (Theory of Higher-Order Linear Differential Equations) and
Chapter 9 (Matrix Methods for Linear Systems) require more than high school level linear
algebra. Moreover, Chapter 9 contains review sections on matrices and vectors as well as spe-
cific references for the deeper results used from the theory of linear algebra. We have also writ-
ten Chapter 5 so as to give an introduction to systems of differential equations—including
methods of solving, phase plane analysis, applications, numerical procedures, and Poincaré
maps—that does not require a background in linear algebra.

SAMPLE SYLLABI
As a rough guide in designing a one-semester syllabus related to this text, we provide three sam-
ples that can be used for a 15-week course that meets three hours per week. The first emphasizes
applications and computations including phase plane analysis; the second is designed for courses
that place more emphasis on theory; and the third stresses methodology and partial differential
equations. Chapters 1, 2, and 4 provide the core for any first course. The rest of the chapters are,
for the most part, independent of each other. For students with a background in linear algebra, the
instructor may prefer to replace Chapter 7 (Laplace Transforms) or Chapter 8 (Series Solutions of
Differential Equations) with sections from Chapter 9 (Matrix Methods for Linear Systems).
 Preface ix

Methods, Theory and Methods and

Computations, Methods (linear Partial Differential
and Applications algebra prerequisite) Equations

Week Sections Sections Sections

1 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 1.1, 1.2, 1.3 1.1, 1.2, 1.3

2 1.4, 2.2 1.4, 2.2, 2.3 1.4, 2.2
3 2.3, 2.4, 3.2 2.4, 3.2, 4.1 2.3, 2.4
4 3.4, 3.5, 3.6 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 3.2, 3.4
5 3.7, 4.1 4.5, 4.6 4.2, 4.3
6 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 4.7, 5.2, 5.3 4.4, 4.5, 4.6
7 4.5, 4.6, 4.7 5.4, 6.1 4.7, 5.1, 5.2
8 4.8, 4.9 6.2, 6.3, 7.2 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
9 4.10, 5.1, 5.2 7.3, 7.4, 7.5 7.4, 7.5
10 5.3, 5.4, 5.5 7.6, 7.7 7.6, 7.7
11 5.6, 5.7 8.2, 8.3 7.8, 8.2
12 7.2, 7.3, 7.4 8.4, 8.6, 9.1 8.3, 8.5, 8.6
13 7.5, 7.6, 7.7 9.2, 9.3 10.2, 10.3
14 8.1, 8.2, 8.3 9.4, 9.5, 9.6 10.4, 10.5
15 8.4, 8.6 9.7, 9.8 10.6, 10.7

RETAINED FEATURES
Flexible Most of the material is modular in nature to allow for various course configurations and
Organization emphasis (theory, applications and techniques, and concepts).
Optional Use The availability of computer packages such as Mathcad®, Mathematica®, MATLAB®, and
of Computer Maple™ provides an opportunity for the student to conduct numerical experiments and tackle
Software realistic applications that give additional insights into the subject. Consequently, we have
inserted several exercises and projects throughout the text that are designed for the student to
employ available software in phase plane analysis, eigenvalue computations, and the numerical
solutions of various equations.

Choice of Because of syllabus constraints, some courses will have little or no time for sections (such as
Applications those in Chapters 3 and 5) that exclusively deal with applications. Therefore, we have made the
sections in these chapters independent of each other. To afford the instructor even greater flexi-
bility, we have built in a variety of applications in the exercises for the theoretical sections. In
addition, we have included many projects that deal with such applications.
Group Projects At the end of each chapter are group projects relating to the material covered in the chapter. A
project might involve a more challenging application, delve deeper into the theory, or introduce
more advanced topics in differential equations. Although these projects can be tackled by an
individual student, classroom testing has shown that working in groups lends a valuable added
dimension to the learning experience. Indeed, it simulates the interactions that take place in the
professional arena.
x Preface

Technical Writing Communication skills are, of course, an essential aspect of professional activities. Yet few texts
Exercises provide opportunities for the reader to develop these skills. Thus, we have added at the end of
most chapters a set of clearly marked technical writing exercises that invite students to make
documented responses to questions dealing with the concepts in the chapter. In so doing, stu-
dents are encouraged to make comparisons between various methods and to present examples
that support their analysis.
Historical Throughout the text historical footnotes are set off by colored daggers (†). These footnotes typ-
Footnotes ically provide the name of the person who developed the technique, the date, and the context of
the original research.
Motivating Most chapters begin with a discussion of a problem from physics or engineering that motivates
Problem the topic presented and illustrates the methodology.
Chapter Summary All of the main chapters contain a set of review problems along with a synopsis of the major
and Review concepts presented.
Problems

Computer Most of the figures in the text were generated via computer. Computer graphics not only ensure
Graphics greater accuracy in the illustrations, they demonstrate the use of numerical experimentation in
studying the behavior of solutions.
Proofs While more pragmatic students may balk at proofs, most instructors regard these justifications
as an essential ingredient in a textbook on differential equations. As with any text at this level,
certain details in the proofs must be omitted. When this occurs, we flag the instance and refer
readers either to a problem in the exercises or to another text. For convenience, the end of a
proof is marked by the symbol (◆).
Linear Theory We have developed the theory of linear differential equations in a gradual manner. In Chapter 4
(Linear Second-Order Equations) we first present the basic theory for linear second-order
equations with constant coefficients and discuss various techniques for solving these equations.
Section 4.7 surveys the extension of these ideas to variable-coefficient second-order equations.
A more general and detailed discussion of linear differential equations is given in Chapter 6
(Theory of Higher-Order Linear Differential Equations). For a beginning course emphasizing
methods of solution, the presentation in Chapter 4 may be sufficient and Chapter 6 can be
skipped.
Numerical Several numerical methods for approximating solutions to differential equations are presented
Algorithms along with program outlines that are easily implemented on a computer. These methods are
introduced early in the text so that teachers and/or students can use them for numerical experi-
mentation and for tackling complicated applications. Where appropriate we direct the student
to software packages or web-based applets for implementation of these algorithms.
Exercises An abundance of exercises is graduated in difficulty from straightforward, routine problems to
more challenging ones. Deeper theoretical questions, along with applications, usually occur toward
the end of the exercise sets. Throughout the text we have included problems and projects that
require the use of a calculator or computer. These exercises are denoted by the symbol ( ).
Optional Sections These sections can be omitted without affecting the logical development of the material. They
are marked with an asterisk in the table of contents.
 Preface xi

Laplace We provide a detailed chapter on Laplace transforms (Chapter 7), since this is a recurring topic
Transforms for engineers. Our treatment emphasizes discontinuous forcing terms and includes a section on
the Dirac delta function.
Power Series Power series solutions is a topic that occasionally causes student anxiety. Possibly, this is due
to inadequate preparation in calculus where the more subtle subject of convergent series is (fre-
quently) covered at a rapid pace. Our solution has been to provide a graceful initiation into the
theory of power series solutions with an exposition of Taylor polynomial approximants to solu-
tions, deferring the sophisticated issues of convergence to later sections. Unlike many texts,
ours provides an extensive section on the method of Frobenius (Section 8.6) as well as a section
on finding a second linearly independent solution.
While we have given considerable space to power series solutions, we have also taken
great care to accommodate the instructor who only wishes to give a basic introduction to the
topic. An introduction to solving differential equations using power series and the method of
Frobenius can be accomplished by covering the materials in Sections 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, and 8.6.
Partial An introduction to this subject is provided in Chapter 10, which covers the method of separa-
Differential tion of variables, Fourier series, the heat equation, the wave equation, and Laplace’s equation.
Equations Examples in two and three dimensions are included.
Phase Plane Chapter 5 describes how qualitative information for two-dimensional systems can be gleaned
about the solutions to intractable autonomous equations by observing their direction fields and
critical points on the phase plane. With the assistance of suitable software, this approach pro-
vides a refreshing, almost recreational alternative to the traditional analytic methodology as we
discuss applications in nonlinear mechanics, ecosystems, and epidemiology.

Vibrations Motivation for Chapter 4 on linear differential equations is provided in an introductory section
describing the mass–spring oscillator. We exploit the reader’s familiarity with common vibra-
tory motions to anticipate the exposition of the theoretical and analytical aspects of linear
equations. Not only does this model provide an anchor for the discourse on constant-coefficient
equations, but a liberal interpretation of its features enables us to predict the qualitative behav-
ior of variable-coefficient and nonlinear equations as well.
Review of Linear The chapter on matrix methods for linear systems (Chapter 9) begins with two (optional) intro-
Algebraic ductory sections reviewing the theory of linear algebraic systems and matrix algebra.
Equations and
Matrices

SUPPLEMENTS
Student’s By Viktor Maymeskul. Contains complete, worked-out solutions to odd-numbered exer-
Solutions Manual cises, providing students with an excellent study tool. ISBN 13: 978-0-321-74834-8;
ISBN 10: 0-321-74834-4.
Instructor’s Contains answers to all even-numbered exercises, detailed solutions to the even-numbered prob-
Solutions Manual lems in several of the main chapters, and additional group projects. ISBN 13: 978-0-321-74835-5;
ISBN 10: 0-321-74835-2.
Companion Provides additional resources for both instructors and students, including helpful links keyed to
Web site sections of the text, access to Interactive Differential Equations, suggestions for incorporating
Interactive Differential Equations modules, suggested syllabi, index of applications, and study
tips for students. Access: www.pearsonhighered.com/nagle
xii Preface

Instructor’s By Thomas W. Polaski (Winthrop University), Bruno Welfert (Arizona State University), and
MATLAB, Maple, Maurino Bautista (Rochester Institute of Technology). A collection of worksheets and projects
and Mathematica to aid instructors in integrating computer algebra systems into their courses. Available in the
Manuals
Pearson Instructor Resource Center, www.pearsonhighered.com/irc.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The staging of this text involved considerable behind-the-scenes activity. We thank, first of all,
Philip Crooke, Joanna Pressley, and Glenn Webb (Vanderbilt University), who have continued
to provide novel biomathematical projects.
We also want to thank Frank Glaser (California State Polytechnic University, Pomona) for
many of the historical footnotes. We are indebted to Herbert E. Rauch (Lockheed Research
Laboratory) for help with Section 3.3 on heating and cooling of buildings, Group Project B in
Chapter 3 on aquaculture, and other application problems. Our appreciation goes to Richard H.
Elderkin (Pomona College), Jerrold Marsden (California Institute of Technology), T. G. Proc-
tor (Clemson University), and Philip W. Schaefer (University of Tennessee), who read and
reread the manuscript for the original text, making numerous suggestions that greatly improved
our work. Thanks also to the following reviewers of this and previous editions:
Amin Boumenir, University of West Georgia
*Mark Brittenham, University of Nebraska
*Weiming Cao, University of Texas at San Antonio
*Richard Carmichael, Wake Forest University
Karen Clark, The College of New Jersey
Patric Dowling, Miami University
Sanford Geraci, Northern Virginia
*David S. Gilliam, Texas Tech University at Lubbock
Scott Gordon, State University of West Georgia
Richard Rubin, Florida International University
*John Sylvester, University of Washington at Seattle
*Steven Taliaferro, Texas A&M University at College Station
Michael M. Tom, Louisiana State University
Shu-Yi Tu, University of Michigan, Flint
Klaus Volpert, Villanova University
E. B. Saff, A. D. Snider

*Denote reviewers of the current edition.

Contents

CHAPTER 1 Introduction
1.1 Background 1
1.2 Solutions and Initial Value Problems 6
1.3 Direction Fields 15
1.4 The Approximation Method of Euler 23
Chapter Summary 29
Technical Writing Exercises 29
Group Projects for Chapter 1 30
A. Taylor Series Method 30
B. Picard’s Method 31
C. The Phase Line 32

CHAPTER 2 First-Order Differential Equations

2.1 Introduction: Motion of a Falling Body 35
2.2 Separable Equations 38
2.3 Linear Equations 46
2.4 Exact Equations 55
2.5 Special Integrating Factors 64
2.6 Substitutions and Transformations 68
Chapter Summary 76
Review Problems 77
Technical Writing Exercises 78
Group Projects for Chapter 2 79
A. Oil Spill in a Canal 79
B. Differential Equations in Clinical Medicine 80
C. Torricelli’s Law of Fluid Flow 82
D. The Snowplow Problem 83
E. Two Snowplows 83

xiii
xiv Contents

F. Clairaut Equations and Singular Solutions 84

G. Multiple Solutions of a First-Order Initial Value Problem 85
H. Utility Functions and Risk Aversion 85
I. Designing a Solar Collector 86
J. Asymptotic Behavior of Solutions to Linear Equations 87

Mathematical Models and Numerical Methods

CHAPTER 3 Involving First-Order Equations

3.1 Mathematical Modeling 89

3.2 Compartmental Analysis 91
3.3 Heating and Cooling of Buildings 101
3.4 Newtonian Mechanics 108
3.5 Electrical Circuits 117
3.6 Improved Euler’s Method 121
3.7 Higher-Order Numerical Methods: Taylor and Runge-Kutta 132
Group Projects for Chapter 3 414
A. Dynamics of HIV Infection 141
B. Aquaculture 144
C. Curve of Pursuit 145
D. Aircraft Guidance in a Crosswind 146
E. Feedback and the Op Amp 147
F. Bang-Bang Controls 148
G. Market Equilibrium: Stability and Time Paths 149
H. Stability of Numerical Methods 150
I. Period Doubling and Chaos 151

CHAPTER 4 Linear Second-Order Equations

4.1 Introduction: The Mass-Spring Oscillator 153
4.2 Homogeneous Linear Equations: The General Solution 158
4.3 Auxiliary Equations with Complex Roots 167
4.4 Nonhomogeneous Equations: The Method of Undetermined Coefficients 175
4.5 The Superposition Principle and Undetermined Coefficients Revisited 182
4.6 Variation of Parameters 189
4.7 Variable-Coefficient Equations 193
 Contents xv

4.8 Qualitative Considerations for Variable-Coefficient

and Nonlinear Equations 203

4.9 A Closer Look at Free Mechanical Vibrations 214

4.10 A Closer Look at Forced Mechanical Vibrations 223
Chapter Summary 231
Review Problems 233
Technical Writing Exercises 234
Group Projects for Chapter 4 235
A. Nonlinear Equations Solvable by First-Order Techniques 235
B. Apollo Reentry 236
C. Simple Pendulum 237
D. Linearization of Nonlinear Problems 238
E. Convolution Method 239
F. Undetermined Coefficients Using Complex Arithmetic 239
G. Asymptotic Behavior of Solutions 241

CHAPTER 5 Introduction to Systems and Phase Plane Analysis

5.1 Interconnected Fluid Tanks 242
5.2 Differential Operators and the Elimination Method for Systems 244

5.3 Solving Systems and Higher-Order Equations Numerically 253

5.4 Introduction to the Phase Plane 263
5.5 Applications to Biomathematics: Epidemic and
Tumor Growth Models 276
5.6 Coupled Mass-Spring Systems 285
5.7 Electrical Systems 291
5.8 Dynamical Systems, Poincaré Maps, and Chaos 297
Chapter Summary 307
Review Problems 308
Group Projects for Chapter 5 309
A. Designing a Landing System for Interplanetary Travel 309
B. Spread of Staph Infections in Hospitals—Part 1 310
C. Things That Bob 312
D. Hamiltonian Systems 313
E. Cleaning Up the Great Lakes 315
F. A Growth Model for Phytoplankton—Part I 316
xvi Contents

CHAPTER 6 Theory of Higher-Order Linear Differential Equations

6.1 Basic Theory of Linear Differential Equations 318

6.2 Homogeneous Linear Equations with Constant Coefficients 327

6.3 Undetermined Coefficients and the Annihilator Method 333
6.4 Method of Variation of Parameters 338
Chapter Summary 342
Review Problems 343
Technical Writing Exercises 344
Group Projects for Chapter 6 345
A. Computer Algebra Systems and Exponential Shift 345
B. Justifying the Method of Undetermined Coefficients 346
C. Transverse Vibrations of a Beam 347
D. Higher-Order Difference Equations 347

7.1 Introduction: A Mixing Problem 350

CHAPTER 7 Laplace Transforms

7.2 Definition of the Laplace Transform 353
7.3 Properties of the Laplace Transform 361
7.4 Inverse Laplace Transform 366
7.5 Solving Initial Value Problems 376
7.6 Transforms of Discontinuous and Periodic Functions 383
7.7 Convolution 397
7.8 Impulses and the Dirac Delta Function 404
7.9 Solving Linear Systems with Laplace Transforms 412
Chapter Summary 414
Review Problems 416
Technical Writing Exercises 417
Group Projects for Chapter 7 418

xvi A. Duhamel’s Formulas 418

B. Frequency Response Modeling 419
C. Determining System Parameters 421
 Contents xvii

CHAPTER 8 Series Solutions of Differential Equations

8.1 Introduction: The Taylor Polynomial Approximation 422
8.2 Power Series and Analytic Functions 427
8.3 Power Series Solutions to Linear Differential Equations 436
8.4 Equations with Analytic Coefficients 446
8.5 Cauchy-Euler (Equidimensional) Equations 452
8.6 Method of Frobenius 455
8.7 Finding a Second Linearly Independent Solution 467
8.8 Special Functions 476
Chapter Summary 489
Review Problems 491
Technical Writing Exercises 492
Group Projects for Chapter 8 493
A. Alphabetization Algorithms 493
B. Spherically Symmetric Solutions to Shrödinger’s Equation
for the Hydrogen Atom 494
C. Airy’s Equation 495
D. Buckling of a Tower 495
E. Aging Spring and Bessel Functions 497

CHAPTER 9 Matrix Methods for Linear Systems

9.1 Introduction 498
9.2 Review 1: Linear Algebraic Equations 502
9.3 Review 2: Matrices and Vectors 507
9.4 Linear Systems in Normal Form 517
9.5 Homogeneous Linear Systems with Constant Coefficients 526
9.6 Complex Eigenvalues 538
9.7 Nonhomogeneous Linear Systems 543
9.8 The Matrix Exponential Function 550
Chapter Summary 558 xvii

Review Problems 561

xviii Contents

Technical Writing Exercises 562

Group Projects for Chapter 9 563
A. Uncoupling Normal Systems 563
B. Matrix Laplace Transform Method 564
C. Undamped Second-Order Systems 565

CHAPTER 10 Partial Differential Equations

10.1 Introduction: A Model for Heat Flow 566
10.2 Method of Separation of Variables 569
10.3 Fourier Series 578
10.4 Fourier Cosine and Sine Series 594
10.5 The Heat Equation 599
10.6 The Wave Equation 611
10.7 Laplace’s Equation 623
Chapter Summary 636
Technical Writing Exercises 637
Group Projects for Chapter 10 638
A. Steady-State Temperature Distribution in a Circular Cylinder 638
B. Laplace Transform Solution of the Wave Equation 640
C. Green’s Function 641
D. Numerical Method for 6u = ƒ on a Rectangle 642

APPENDICES
A. Review of Integration Techniques A-1
B. Newton’s Method A-8
C. Simpson’s Rule A-10
D. Cramer’s Rule A-11
E. Method of Least Squares A-13
F. Runge-Kutta Procedure for n Equations A-15

ANSWERS TO ODD-NUMBERED PROBLEMS B-1

INDEX I-1

xviii
CHAPTER 1

Introduction

1.1 BACKGROUND
In the sciences and engineering, mathematical models are developed to aid in the understanding
of physical phenomena. These models often yield an equation that contains some derivatives
of an unknown function. Such an equation is called a differential equation. Two examples of
models developed in calculus are the free fall of a body and the decay of a radioactive substance.
In the case of free fall, an object is released from a certain height above the ground and
falls under the force of gravity.† Newton’s second law, which states that an object’s mass times
its acceleration equals the total force acting on it, can be applied to the falling object. This
leads to the equation (see Figure 1.1)
d 2h
m  mg ,
dt 2
where m is the mass of the object, h is the height above the ground, d 2h / dt 2 is its acceleration,
g is the (constant) gravitational acceleration, and mg is the force due to gravity. This is a differ-
ential equation containing the second derivative of the unknown height h as a function of time.
Fortunately, the above equation is easy to solve for h. All we have to do is divide by m and
integrate twice with respect to t. That is,
d 2h
 g ,
dt 2
so
dh
 gt  c1
dt
and
gt 2
h  h AtB   c1t  c2 .
2

−mg h

Figure 1.1 Apple in free fall

†
We are assuming here that gravity is the only force acting on the object and that this force is constant. More general
models would take into account other forces, such as air resistance.

1
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Lumber Co), h 120 Maria Foster Mary A, (wid Wm) , h 8 Church
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Jos Carton), garage. 69 Main n Gram J Irwin, elect eng, l 134 Main n
Gram Wm B, carp, h 134 Main n Grand Trunk Ry Station, Fred T Hill,
agt, e s John Gray Alex, mgr, h 229 King Gray G Howard, barr, h 78
Rosemount av Gray H Kennedy, h 24 William Greaves Arthur, h 13
Cross Greenwood Martha, opr, 1 144 Main n Greenwood Percy, h 144
Main n (on active service) Greer Robt W, elect, h 163 Main n Gregg
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Jno W D, arch, h 28 William Griffith Ada, 1 116 Rosemount av
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116 Rosemount av Griffith Annie J, stenog, 1 420 Main n Griffith
Bros, Francis W jr, prop, btchrs, 39 Main n Griffith Ethel, 1 144
Rosemount av Griffith Francis W jr, (Griffith Bros), h e s Rosemount
av Griffith Frank, h 54 John Griffith Fredk R, stock shipper, 1 116
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Griffith Jas, 1 420 Main n Griffith Jane, 1 420 Main n Griffith Jos, h
420 Main n Griffith Jos A, 1 147 Main n Griffith Margt, 1 54 John
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Velmer, 1 180 John Hall Ethel M, tchr, Weston Publis School. 1 n s
King JOHN STARK & CO. MORTGAGES MONEY TO LOAN MONEY
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Jane G, (wid Jas), l 44 Cross Hall Sarah A, (wid Win), h 104 King
Hamraell Frank, mach, 1 43 King Hands Fredk, lab, h 43 Main s
Hargreaves William, h 69 John Harrington William E. smelter, h 34
Coulter Harris Albert, app, 1 Patk Harris Harris Irene, opr, Bell Tel Co
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Harris Maud, 1 45 South Station Harris Michl, elect, h 45 South
Station Harris Patk, mkt gdnr, r 42 St Johns rd w, h same Harris
Percy, elect, 1 Patk Harris Harris Percy, timekeeper, h 127 John
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Harrison Oliver, gdnr, 1 52 Coulter av Harrison Thos, acct, h 20
Myers av Hart Albert, bkpr, 1 99 King Hart Francis C, h 181 John Hart
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100 King Hassard Minnie, (wid Wm), h 100 King Hayes Herald S,
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pattern mkr, h 64 Coulter av Henderson David G, shoes, 13 Main n, h
4 same Hendry Annie, nurse, 1 89 Rosemount av Hendry Bertie,
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129 Main Hicks Ellen, 1 129 Main n Hicks Jas, mach, 1 129 Main n
Hicks Jas B. blksmth, 1 129 Main n Hill Arthur I, 1 108 William Hill
Bessie, stenog, Bell Tel Co, Ltd, 1 108 William Hill Calvin, 1 56
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16 Myers av Hill Reginald, 1 158 William (on active service) Hill
Stephen H, (HU1 & Shiells) gro, h 59 Main n Hill Thos J, carp, h 102
Maria Hill k Shiells, (Stephen H Hill, Wm Shiells) gro, 61 Main n
Hoggins Ethel M, itenog, 1 447 Main n Hoggins Geo F, h 44T Main n
Holley Danl, ledger elk, 1 139 Main n Holley Jas, opr, 1 139 Main n
HoUey Jos, gateman, h 139 Main n HoUey Milton, stove ftr, h 141
Main n Holley Nellie, stenog, 1 139 Main n Holley Thos J, carp, h 208
Beech Holley Wm R, mach, h 204 Beech Hollingshead Jos J,
wtchmkr, 8 Main s, h same Holinsworth Harry, mfg agt, h 161 Maria
Hopcroft Robt, lab, h 409 Main n Howell Jos W, cartage agt, h 4
Maria Hewlett Wm A, acct, h 326 Main n Huggett Lucy, opr, 1 17
Maria Huggett Martha, (wid Robt), h 17 Maria Higill Eric B, elk, 1 108
Rosemount av Hugill Jas, plumber and tinsmith, h 108 Rosemount av
Humber Home Development Co, The, Frank A Pearson see-treas.,
real est, 7 Main s Humphries Annie, 1 163 Main Humphries Jno,
caretkr, h 163 Main Hurren Chas, brklyr, h 50 Main s Hurrei Chas ir, 1
50 Main s Hutchison Alexander, mUlwrigbt, h 6 King George rd
Hutchison Alex ir, 1 6 King George rd Hutchison Bessie, stenog, 1 22
Eagle av Hutchison David, stenog, 1 6 King George rd Hutchison
Elsie, stenog, 1 22 Eagle av Hutchison Isabelle, bank elk, 1 22 Eagle
av Hutchison Jean, opr, 1 6 King George rd Hutchison Margt, 1 6
King George rd Hutchison Minnie, (wid WUliam), h 22 Eagle av Hutty
llizth (wid Edwd), 1 168 Rosemount av Hatty Minnie, charwoman, 1
168 Rosemount av Inch Wm J, druggist, 41 Main n and confr, 43
Main n h 27 John Irvin Jno C, local mgr, Gibson, McCormack Irvin Co
Ltd, h 39 Denisoi av Irvin Wm C, mng dir, Gibson, McCormack Irvin
Co Ltd, res Toronto Irvine Frank, shipper, l 9 John Irvine Jas, h 9
John Irvine Mary J, fa 129 Main n Irvine May, tchr, 1 9 John Irwii Eli
F, pfay, office 48 Main n, h 50 Main n Irwin Fredk, barr, h 112
Rosemount av Jackson Alfred, h 217 Main n Jackson David, h 465
Main n Jackson Louisa, (wid Jno), h 138 Main n Jacques Wm C, steel
wkr, h 185 Main n James Thos, h n s Park James Thos, pattern mkr,
h 414 Main n Jamieson Jno, b 189 Main n Jennings Henry F, florist,
322 Beech, h same Jennings Rhea, 1 322 Beech Jobson Ada, h 129
John Jobson Emma, h 129 John Jobson Wm J, lab, b 129 John
Johnson Alfred B, pattern mkr, h 219 Main Johnson Frank, mach, 1
219 Main Johnson Harold, 1 219 Main (on active service) Johnson
Margt, h 16 Mill Johnston David, bkpr, 1 57 Eagle av Jones J Hugh
Rev, rector St Johns (Ang) Church, h 135 Rosemount av Jones Robt
M, stove mkr. h 15 Myers av Jones Thos K, acct, h 106 Rosemeount
av Jones Walter T, elk, h n s Robert Joyce WUliam, h 142 Main n (on
active service) Kaake Andrew, h 232 Main n Kavanagh Clara, 1 219
Maria Kavanagh Jos, bkpr, 1 219 Maria Kavanagh Mary, (wid Jn
 (Ton federation XifeE Martin Jean, tchr, 1 43 Maria Martin
Lucy, 1 81 Maria Martin Mary A, stenog, 1 81 Maria Martin Win H, h
81 Maria Martin Willis, 1 43 Maria (on active service) Mashinter Geo,
local agt. International Harvester Co, agricultural implements, 1
Eagle av, h 135 Main n Mather Alex T, h 49 Maria Matthew Carroll, 1
163 Main n Mattison Fredk J, 1 56 Eagle av, (on active service)
Mattison Gordon, elk, 1 56 Eagle av Mattison Jno, messenger Bank
of British North America, (Weston branch), h 56 Eagle av Mattison
Jno jr, 1 56 Eagle av (on active service) Mattison Olive ,dk S Jno
Thomson, 1 56 Eagle av Maxwell Sarah, (wid Jno), h e s Elm May
Edwin J, carp, h 93 King May Reva, tchr, 1 93 King Meldrum Elizth,
nurse, 1 125 Rosemount av Meldrum Jno A, phy, 125 Rosemount av,
h same Meldrum Kathleen, stenog, 1 125 Rosemount av Meldrum
Norman G, 1 125 Rosemount av (on active service) Mercer Elmore, 1
47 Church Mercer Fred, 1 47 Church Mercer Margt, b 47 Church
Merchant Rose, feeder, 1 432 Main n Mertens Frank W, h 104 Church
Mertens Fredk, 1 104 Church Middleton Jas, h 24 Eagle av (on active
service) Middleton Wm, gdnr, h 5 Myers av Miller Florence, 1 326
Main n Moffat Alfred B, real est, 3 Main 8, h 128 Church Moffat
Beatrice, 1 15 Denison av e MofTat Chas L, asst genl mgr, Moffat
Stove Co, Ltd, h s s Denison av e Moffat Dorothy, 1 15 Denison av e
Moffat Fredk W, genl mgr, Moffat Stove Co Ltd, h 32 Denison av w
Moffat Jno K, pres Moffat Stove Co, Ltd, h 11 Denison av e Moffat
Stove Co Ltd, Thos L Moffatt sec., stove and range mfrs, s s Denison
av e Moffat Thos L, sec, Moffat Stove Co Ltd, h 15 Denison av e
Moody Bros, (Duncan D & Edward), flour and feed, 51 Main n Moody
Duncan D, (Moody Bros) , flour and feed, b Eagle House Moody
Edwd, (Moody Bros) flour and feed, res Toronto Moody Harvey,
btehr, h 6 Church Moody Martin, stockkpr, 1 8 Main s Moody Thos, h
41 Cross Moogk Geo B, contr, h 211 Main n Moore Ann, (wid Patk), h
44 King Moore Edgar, 1 48 George Moore Ethel, slslady, 1 95 Main n
Moore Fannie, (wid Geo C), h 48 George Moore Geo, elect, 1 449
Main n Moore Geo,, farmer, h 95 Main n Moore Henry G, slsmn, h n s
Denison av e Moore Jos, mach, h 449 Main n Moore Mary Mrs, confy,
9 Main n, 1 Eagle House Moore Thos J, gdnr, 1 44 King Morley Chas,
gdnr, h 252 Main n MORRIS WALTER J, Branch Manager, London and
Lancashire Life and General Assurance Association, Ltd, Office
Toronto, res 40 King Morrisey, Edwd, shoemkr, h 55 Main Morrison
Alex, 1 38 Maria Morrow Jno H, adv agt, h 101 Rosemount av
Morton Howard M, trav, h 104 William Mossy Victor, mldr, h 92 Main
Mossy Walter, h 74 Main Muldocn Jas, R.R. Mail Clerk, h 225
Rosemount av Muldoon Kathleen, druggist elk, 1 225 Rosemount av
Muldoon Thos, lab, 1 225 Rosemount av Munro Constance, stenog, 1
148 Rosemount av Munro Jas J, 1 148 Rosemount av (on active
service) Munshaw Carl, elk, 1 28 Hillcrest rd Munshaw Frank, contr,
28 Hillcrest rd, h same Murray Bertha, 1 7 Sykes av Murray David, 1
7 Sykes av Murray Laura, chief opr. Bell Tel Co, Ltd, 1 s s Sykes av
Murray Louisa, (wid Geo), h 7 Sykes av Murray Walter A, carp, h 60
Church Musselwbaite Constance, slslady, 1 191 Main n Musselwhaite
Edith, (wid Albert), h 191 Main n Musson Edwd J, ins agt, h 3
Elsmere av Mussen Gladys, stenog, 1 3 Elsmore av Musson Mary J, 1
3 Elsmere av Myers Catherine, 1 83 King Myers Eliza M, drsmkr, 1 83
King Myers Sarah, (wid Oman), h 83 King Nason Joseph, barr, h 19
Main s Nattress Eva W, 1 104 Main n Nattress Florence, tchr Weston
Public School, res Bolton Nattress Thos, farmer, h 104 Main n Ness
Maitland, lab, h w s Rectory rd Nicholls Lucas, tool mkr, h 70 Coulter
av Niddery Garfield L, driver, h 3 Sykes av Noble Clifford, 1 21
Dennison av e Noble Thos, mldr, h 21 Dennison av e Noble Viola,
cashier, 1 21 Dennison aT e Norman Sydney, plshr, 1 79 King North
Chas, fnshr, h 20 St John's rd e O'Keefe Sarah, 1 47 George O’Neil
John, 1 Louis Burlingham Old Presbyterian Church, Rev Wm M
Mackay Pastor, e s Cross Oldham Alex M, hardware 33 Main, h 164
Rosemount av Ord Chas, h 92 King Ord Helen, 1 92 King Ord May, 1
92 King Packham Clarice, opr, 1 62 John Packham Geo W, mgr
Reliable Bedding Co, Ltd, h 62 John Packham Helen A, elk Bank of
British North America, 1 62 John Parker Emma, stenog, 1 25 Maria
Parker Gordon, student, 1 25 Maria Parker Josiah, concrete wkr, h 25
Maria Parkinson H Fredk, 1 195 King (on active service) Patchet
Ernest L, h 172 Church Paterson Harvey R, steel wkr, h 97
Rosemount av Paterson Marguerite, 1 97 Rosemount av Paulett
Emlyn, 1 248 Main n (on active service) Pearce Alph, tool mkr, h 15
Sykes av Pearen Hartley E, I 14 William (on active service) Pearen
Jabez M, h 14 William Pearen Wilfred F, 1 14 William (on active
service) Pearse Fredk W, 1 414 Main n (on active service) Pearson
Alex, prin Weston High School, h 96 William Pearson Arthur WT, civ
engr, h 37 Maria Pearson Henry, gdnr, h 76 John Peck Geo, h 433
Main n (on active service) Peirson Allan G, supt Weston Water Power
and Light Commission, h 14 Church Peirson John A, bldr, h 21
Church Peirson Thos, lab, h 26 Church Philip John M, sec-treas
Weston Golf Club, Ltd, h n s Sykes Phillips Bernard L, tool mkr, h e s
Holley av Plumb Sami J, driver, h 185 Rosemount Pollard Bruce G, 1
38 Main s Pollard Geo, blksmth, h 38 Main s Pollard Lillian, bkpr, 1 38
Main s Pope Wm, h n s Conoron pi Porter John, gdnr, 1 89
Rosemount av Poultney Eleanor E, opr, l 130 Rosemount av Poultney
Robt J, carp, h 130 Rosemount av Pritchard Albert J, agt C P R
Station, res County of York Pritchard Phyllis I, ledger kpr Bank of
Nova Scotia (Weston br). In s Eagle av Purkis Norman W, 1 252 Main
Pusey John, h 189 Main n Quirie Gertrude, 1 145 King Quirie Robt G,
h 145 King (on active service) Quirie Victoria, 1 145 King Ramsey
Edwd, carp, 1 68 Coulter av Redmond Edwd J, plstr, h 169 Main n
Redmond John, lab, h e s Pine Redmond Michl, gdnr, h 231 Maria
Redmond Michl, lab, h 160 Maria Redmond Thos, gdnr, h 231 Maria
Reekie John, h 112 Church Rees Wm, bank elk, 1 135 Rosemount av
Reliable Bedding Co, Ltd, Geo W Parkinson mgr, bedding mfrs, 41
Main s Renwick James, btehr, h 39 John Rice Sami, agt, 1 459 Main
n Rice Thos G, boot and shoemkr 75 Main 'n, res West Toronto
Richards John A, h 124 King Richardson Harrey, h 196 John
Richardson Iline, 1 196 John Richardson John C, h 196 John Ritz
Frank, trav, h 20 Hillcrest rd Robbins Elmer, foreman, h 40 St John's
rd w Roberts Henry, h 30 Eagle av Robertson Wm J F Rev, Pastor
Westminster Presbyterian Church, h 141 John Robinson Geo E A, h
48 Eagle av Robinson Jos, shipper, 1 17 Maria Rodwell Bertha A,
tchr, 1 143 Maria Rodwell Gertrude A, 1 143 Maria Rodwell Wm A
Rev, h 143 Maria Rodwell Wm J, student, 1 143 Maria Holland Wm,
lumber merchant, h 16 Maria Rollings Alice, opr Bell Tel Co, Ltd, 1 e
s John Rollings Wm, tel opr G T R Station, 1 175 John Rollinson John
H, carriage bldr, h 410 Main n Rorke Elizth R (wid Geo), h 15 Joseph
Rorke Geo, elk, h 110 John Rorke Geo jr, opr, 1 110 John Rorke
Jessie, artist, 1 15 Joseph Rorke Kerva, 1 110 John Rorke Louise R,
journalist, 1 15 Joseph Rorke Vore, 1 110 John Rose Jessie, opr, 1
244 Main n Ross Alex, insp Bell Tel Co, Ltd, h 24 Kiag George road
Rothery Eline (wid Jesse C), h 128 Maria Rothery Ruth, 1 128 Maria
Rowat Geo, carp, h s s Conoron pi Rowntree David cattle dealer 21
Eagle av, h tame Rowntree David jr, butcher 6 Main n and grocer 2
Main n, h 136 John Rowntree D Gilbert, teller Bank of Nova Scotia
(Weston br), 1 136 John Rowntree Ernest C, shipper, h 254 Main a
Rowntree Fredk T, h 260 Main n Rowntree Fredk W, elk, 1 260 Main
n Rowntree Garnet L, butcher, 1 21 Eagle av Rowntree Hazel E,
stenog, 1 254 Main n Rowntree N Foster, 1 260 Main n (on active
serrict) Rowntree Vernon, cattle dealer 61 Eagle av, h same Rudolph
Herbert H (Weston Coal and Lumtmr Co), h 116 Maria Rumney Jas,
elect engr, h 75 Coulter av Rushworth Arthur, lab, h s s Conoron pi
Rushworth Hubert, 1 Arthur Rushworth (o« aetive service)
Rushworth Lizzie, housemaid Weston Golf Clnb, Ltd, 1 West Toronto
Sainsbury Fredk, h 207 Main n (on active service) Sainsbury Geo, h
50 Coulter (on active service) St John’s (Ang) Church, Rev J Hugh
Jones rector, e s Main St John’s (R C) Church, Rev A J Staley Pastor,
e s George St John’s (R C) School, Kathleen Fox prin, e s George
Sanders Ada May Mrs, 1 Bernard L Phillips Sanders J Henry, 1
Bernard L Phillips (o* active service) Sanford Geo, h 121 John
Sansom Alfred, steel wkr, h 60 George Sansom Marguerite, 1 60
George Saunders John A, blksmth 40 South Statioa, h 27 Maria
Savage Ethel M, 1 199 Main n Savage Mary J (wid Thos Y), h 199
Main l Savage Sarah, nurse, 1 199 Main n Scott Agnes, opr, 1 412
Main n Scott Fred, mach, 1 194 Main n Scott Geo, film opr, 1 163
Main n Scott Mary A, 1 194 Main n Scott Thos, cycle plshr, 1 412
Main n Scott Wm, messenger Bell Tel Co, Ltd, ! e s Mala ■ Scott Wm
jr, tel opr, 1 412 Main n Scott Wm H, gro 196 Main n, h 194 Main ■
Scythes Albert E, ins agt, h 170 King Scythes Geo, h 194 King
Scythes Harvey L, h w s Gratton Scythes Laura F, 1 194 King
Shannon Albert, plshr, h 25 Lippineott Shannon John, 1 Robt
Shannon Shannon Mary, 1 Robt Shannon Shannon Robt, plshr, h n s
Dennison av « Sharkey John, tmstr, h 332 Main n Sharkey Wm, h w
s Holley av Sharpe Edna, 1 158 Rosemount av Shaw Edna, 1 4 Main
s Shaw James J, confr 4 Main s, b same Shaw Margt (wid Arthur), h
85 King Shaw Matilda W, 1 149 Rosemount av Sheehan Patk, h w s
Holley av Shiells Wm (Hill and Shiells), gro, h 75 Bosemotnt avenue
Silester Geo, lab, h 42 St John's rd w Silvester Victoria, 1 42 St
John's rd w Simpson Fredk, timekpr, 1 163 Rosemount av Simpson
Ray, office elk, 1 163 Rosemount av Simpson Thos, contr, h 163
Rosemount av McGREGOR & MclNTYRE, Limited STRUC1URAL steel
shops Ornamental Iron Work. Stair Work. Etc. U39 SHAW ST. Phones
^
 GENERAL FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY, of Paris, France
WILLIAM JOHNSTONE, General Agent 4-3 ADELAIDE ST. E. Phone
Main 3223 WESTON Sims Alex F, shipper, h n 8 Dennison av e
Skelton James, mldr, h 21 Sykes av Skelton Wm J, acct, h 7 Myers av
Sloan Fredk-, acct Moffat Store Co, Ltd, h 18 Hillcrest rd Smillie
Winifred, elk Moffat Stove Co, Ltd, res County of York Smith Alfred,
lab, h 52 Coulter av Smith Alvin E, aviator, I 81 King Smith Alvin E,
mach, h w s Rectory rd Smith Arnold, bkpr, 1 31 King Smith Arthur, 1
31 King (on active service) Smith Arthur, h 22 St John's rd w Smith
Bessie, h 159 King Smith David, h 211 Main Smith Ella, 1 SI King
Smith Ethel, asst postmaster Wes tom P-O, 1 s s Holley av Smith E
Stanley, elect, 1 22 St John's rd w Smith Geo W, 1 22 St John's rd w
Smith Isabelle, opr Bell Tel Co, Ltd, 1 s s Beech Smith James, tmstr,
h w s Holley av Smith Jean, opr Bell Tel Co, Ltd, 1 s s Beech Smith
John F, tmstr, h 356 Beech Smith Melda, stenog, 1 31 King Smith
Percy, 1 31 King (on active service) Smith Sarah S, 1 James Smith
Smith Wm A, lab, h 339 Bush Smith Wm B, gdnr, h e 8 Pine Smith
Wm J, lumber dir, h 31 King Smithson Daisy, 1 112 King Smithson
Margt, 1 112 King Smithson Minnie (wid Edwd P), h 112 King
Smithson Percy, 1 112 King Snashall Isabella (wid Chas H), h 29
Main s Snider Cecil, mach, b 129 John Sonosky Agnes, 1 131 King
Sonosky Clara, 1 131 King Sonosky Flora, lib Weston Public Library, 1
131 King Sonosky Marinus, h 131 King Sonosky Martha, 1 131 King
Sonosky Toney, lab, h 121 Main Soroski Carl, h 30 South Station
Staley Arthur J Rev, pastor St John's (RC) Church, h 47 George
Stanfield John, carp, h 174 Rosemount av Stevens Wm, eng, h 3
Oak Stewart Annie (wid David), h 56 Coulter av Stewart Gordon E, 1
66 Rosemount av Stewart Howard D, 1 66 Rosemount av Stewart
James A, gen mgr Toronto Structural Steel Co, Ltd, h cor Dennison
and Fifth Stewart John, carriage bldr, h 66 Rosemount av Stewart
John W Rev, pastor Weston Methodist Church, h 35 King Stewart
Ray A, tchr, 1 66 Rosemount av Stewart Wm C, 1 66 Rosemount av
Stimpson Jesse, lab, 1 22 Church Stinson Mary Mrs, h 459 Main n
Stolory Alex, stove mntr, h 155 Main Stone Henry, h 24 Cross Stone
Tbos, foreman Bell Tel Co, Ltd, h s s Myers avenue Stratapatha
Michl, lab, h 4 King George rd Strong Annie (wid Alfred), h n s
Conoron pi Strong Edwd, 1 Annie Strong Strong Gordon, driver S
John Thompson, 1 Conoron pi Strong Percy, 1 Annie Strong Stubbs
Robt S, shoe dir, h 19 George Summerhayes James H, foreman, h 34
William Sutherland Marion (wid Wm), 1 1 Sykes av Sutton Richd,
tmstr, h 8 John Symons Harry, h 173 King Symons Margt D, stenog,
1 173 King TAYLOR JAMES H, Town Clerk, h 96 Kina Taylor Mae, 1
180 John Taylor Percival S, I 96 King Teasdale Clara, 1 73 King
Teasdale Geo, 1 73 King Teasdale Jane (wid Thos), h 73 King Terrell
Wm, stone ctr, h 36 South Station Thomas John, 1 43 King Thomas
Richd H, h 43 King Thomson Georgina (wid James), 1 5 Sykes av
Thomson S John, baker and confectioner 71 Main n, h 73 Main n
Thomson Wm McK, h 5 Sykes av Times & Guide, Sami Wilson prop,
122 Main n Timpson John H, h 6 Victoria av Toronto Structural Steel
Co, Ltd, James A Stewart chief engr, 479 Main n Totten Margt, bkpr,
1 10 Myers av Totten Marion, tel opr, 1 10 Myers av Totten Mirian,
opr Bell Tel Co, Ltd, Ins Myers Totten Sami J, mgr Bell Telephone Co,
Ltd, h n s Myers Tottle Chas V, mgr, h 109 King Tottle Evelyn, 1 109
King Tottle Madeline, I 109 King Trinkwon Albert, 1 Chas H Trinkwon
Trinkwon Chas H, h w s Holley av (on active service) Trinkwon
Harriet (wid Wm) . 1 Chas H Trinkwon Trueman Wm, mail elk, h 229
Main n Tyrrell- Fannie, 1 61 Main Tyrrell Geo C, 1 181 Maria Tyrrell
Jos B, min engr, h 181 Maria Tyrrell Mary, 1 181 Maria Vale Bruce,
stove ftr, 1 69 John Vanalstine Chas C, mldr, h 26 Dennison av w
Vanzant Edna, opr, 1 Norval S Vanzant Vanzant Norval S, com trav, h
n s Lemaire av Varcoe J Arthur, h 9 George Vaughan Alice slsldy, 1
264 Main n Vaughan Geo H, student, 1 264 Main n Vaughan Lewis
H, gro 264 Main n, h same Vaughan Lewis L, elk, 1 264 Main n
Venus Hazel, 1 r 286 Beech Venus Rose Mrs, h r 286 Beech Verral
Beatrice, elk, 1 82 Main n Verral Geo W, warehouseman, h 82 Main n
Verral Helen N, stenog, 1 82 Main n Verral Kathleen, 1 82 Main n
Waddle Hazen E, elk Moffat Stove Co, Ltd, res Toronto Wade Allen G,
driver, 1 Richd A Wade Wade Phyllis, tchr, 1 Richd A Wade Wade
Richd A, mail elk, h w s Rectory rd Wade Robt W, h 144 Thurch
Walker Albert E, mldr, h 142 Main Walker Peter, , track foreman, h 8
King George rd Walker Sami R, mldr, h 225 Main Wallis Annie, 1 19
Myers av Wallis Ernest, painter, h 19 Myers av Walwin Geo, frt elk
GTR Station, 1 31 John Ward Lindsay, farmer, 1 119 Main n Ward
Mary E, opr, 1 119 Main n Ward Wm J, undertaker 119 Main n, h
same Ward Wm J jr, 1 119 Main n Wardlaw Eugene L. bank elk, 1 46
Church Wardlaw Henry I, h 46 Church Wardlaw John G, broker, 1 46
Church Wardlaw Julia, h 247 Main n Wardlaw Luella, stenog, 1 247
Main n Wardlaw Marjorie, stenog, 1 46 Church Watson Fredk,
shoemkr, h 198 Main n Watson Janet E, 1 50 Church Watson John, h
84 King Watson Mary I, 1 50 Church Watson Sophia (wid Wm), h 50
Church Webb James, btehr, h 2 Eagle av Webb Sidney, elk, 1 2 Eagle
av Webster Bessie, stenog, 1 136 Rosemount aF *~Webster
Douglas, painter and decorator 159 Rosemount av, h same Webster
Ernest, 1 136 Rosemount av (on active service) Webster Gertrude,
tchr Weston Public School, 1 159 Rosemount av Webster Gordon,
painter, 1 136 Rosemount av Webster Jessie, stenog, 1 50 Church
Webster Robt, lab, 1 50 Church Webster Walter, painter and
decoratpr 136 Rosemount av, h same ’ ^ Wells Albert J. agt, b n s
Dennison av w Westminster Presbyterian Church, Rev Forbes
Robertson pastor, 30 Main s Weston Coal & Lumber Co, Geo A
Fortune and Herbert H Rudolph, s s Eagle av Weston Dairy, Richd H
Beamish prop, 168 Main n Weston Exhibition Co, James Gardhouse
pres, s s Eagle avenue Weston Fireman's Hall, James Gardhouse
chief, 4 Little av Weston Foundry & Machine Co, Levi L Coulter prop,
w s Main n Weston Golf Club, Ltd, John M Philip sec-treas, w s Main
n Weston High School, Alex Pearson prin, w s College avenue
Weston Ice Co, John C Irvin mgr, 139 Main s Weston Lawn Bowling
Club, Thos J Maguire pres, e s Main n Weston Methodist Church, Rev
John W Stewart pastor, s s King Weston Police Station, 6 Little a?
WESTON POST OFFICE, Aaron J Barker Postmaster, Ethel Smith
Assistant Postmaster, n e cor Main and Eagle Weston Public Library,
Miss Flora Sosnowsky librarian, cor Main and King Weston Public
School, Harry J Alexander prin, n s King Weston Pump Works, Geo E
A Robinson prop, 48 Eagle avenue Weston Skating Rink, John
Chapman prop, 40 Eagle avenue WESTON TOWN HALL, James H
Taylor Town Clerk, Westover Edwin C, blr rakr, h 100 St John’s rd v
W estover Sarah E, pekr, 1 100 St John’s rd w Westphal Celia, opr, 1
257 Main n Westphal Edwd, stovemkr, 1 257 Main n Westphal Edwd
G, mldr, h 14 St John's rd e Westphal Harry, tool mkr, 1 257 Main n
Westphal Jolin, 1 14 St John's rd e Westphal Valentine, mldr, h 257
Main n White Chas E, civ eng, b 227 King White Frank H, mrg Bank
of Nova Scotia (Weston br), 1 249 Main n White Lizzie, night opr Bell
Tel Co, Ltd, res Woodbridge White Wm A, cycle fnshr, b 34 King
Wicher Elizth (wid John), 1 224 Maria Wilby Amelia (wid Wilson), 1 3
Elsraere av Wiley Amelia M, stenog, 1 17 Cross Wiley Clara J,
stenog, 1 17 Cross Wiley Wm D, h 17 Cross Wilkinson Arthur, piano
mkr, h 7 Victoria av Wilkinson Wm, lab, h 6 Main s Williams Emaline
(wid Thos), h 316 Mail n Williams Fredk, shipper, 1 180 Main
Williams Mildred, stenog, 1 316 Main n Williams Owen, tmstr, h 167
Main Williams Walter, moto, 1 167 Main Willie Eleanor (wid Geo), h
127 Main Willie Ella, nurse, 1 112 Main n Willie Ernest, 1 127 Main
Willie John, lab, 1 127 Main Wilson Fred C, tel opr CPR Station, 1
Toronto Wilson Henry, btehr Griffith Bros, h 12 Mill Wilson Sami
(Times & Guide), h 184 Main n Winters Wm G, h e s Main Withers
Wm, farmer, h 432 Main n Witty Harry N, barber 77 Main n, h s s
Elsmere av Wolfe Fredk, opr. 1 25 Maria Wolski Michl, stove mi^tr, h
27 Lippincott Wood Grace, opr, h 73 Church Wood John S, pur agt
Toronto Structural Steel Co, Ltd, res Toronto Wood Robt, tinsmith, h
73 Church Wood Thos, eng, h 4 Oak Wood Wm G, h 92 William
Woodend John, lineman, h 2 Mill Wootton Wm, h 8 Dennison av w
(on active service) Wright Henry, h 34 St John’s rd w Wright
Prudence M (wid Wm), 1 Norval S Vanzant Wright Robt, h .120 King
Wright Thos, hardware 5 Main n, res Toronto Wurbowey Nicholas, b
30 South Station * WYCHWOOD Five mites northwest of City Hall.
Post Offices Wychwood Park and sub station of city. Take Avenue rd
car to St Clair av; thence civic car to Bathurst Adams Alex M, auto
mech, h 116 Atlas av Allan Gerald G, 1 58 Wychwood av (on active
service) Allan Kathleen, stenog, 1 58 Wychwood av Allan Lawrence,
1 58 Wychwood av (on active service) Allan Wm G, lab, h 58
Wychwood av Allen Florence (wid Gilbert), b 2 Thelma av Alley Fredk
C, gas ftr, 1 41 Wychwood av Alley Geo J, chauffeur, h 41 Wychwood
av Alley Walter J, chauffeur, 1 41 Wychwood av Allin Arthur E, tchr, h
A5 Pinewood rd Anderson Fraifcis, h 20 Coulson av (on active
service) Anderson Jno, slate roofer, h 341 Lonsdale rd Ankers James
G, lab, h 208 Atlas av Annis George H, plmbr, h 23 Coulson av Ansley
Edwd, grocer, 141 Wychwood av, h same Ante Irvin H, dentist, h 404
Rushton rd Anzer John, waiter, h 1547 Bathurst Appleyard Arthur,
theatre manager, h 144 Arlington av Appleyard Chas H, wood wkr, h
A131 Vaughan rd Archer Waldeck, acct, h 12 Huron north Armstrong
Feorge H, I James Armstrong Armstrong James, real est broker, h e
s Forest Hill rd Armstrong John W, optician, h s s Stratheam rd
Armstrong Letitia R, 1 James Armstrong Armstrong Marian B, 1
James Armstrong Armstrong Sarah M, 1 James Armstrong Arnold
Jacob, lab, h 427 Spadina rd Amot Byron G, auto repr, b 426
Rushton rd Ashby Albert, 1 232 Vaughan rd Ashby Daisy, mlnr, 1 232
Vaughan rd Ashby Edwin, carp, h 232 Vaughan rd Ashley Wilfred J,
brklyr, h 134 Vaughan rd Aston George, mach, h 158 Atlas av Avis
Chas, h 87 Wychwood av (on active serrlee) Ayton Jonas,
warehouseman, h 97 Vaughan rd Baird David F, elk, h 8 Wychwood
av Baker Frank N, bldr, h 31 Wychwood av Baker Henry T, carpet
clnr, h 36 Wychwood ar Bakewell Clarence, furrier, h 85 Kenwood av
Baldwin Archd, 1 Lawrence H Baldwin Baldwin Bessie M, h 120
Dunvegan rd Baldwin Chas M, h 110 Dunvegan rd Baldwin Edith, 1
Lawrence H Baldwin Baldwin Edward, 1 Lawrence H Baldwin Tridgett
Oswald J, stone cutter, h 62 Church Trim James, h 140 William w s
Mam n Weston Water Power and Light Commission, Allan G Peirson
supt, 2 Little av HARDWOOD LUMBER
o^k'cQuonwoo^'Manridi'a'cVp^ess SEAMAN KENT CO., Limited Oak,
Cottonwood, Magnolia, Cypress, 263 WALLflCE AyE TOronto Phone
June. 1229 and June. 1200 Tupelo, Poplar, Red and Sap Gums, AND
OTHER WOODS —70—
 4 - Ones Wirebound Packing Cases LIGHTER, STRONGER,
CHEAPER Canadian Wood Products Ltd. 1000 GERRARD ST. EAST
Baldwin Lawrence H, h»i Dunregan rd Baldwin Wm, 1 Lawrence H
Baldwin Ball Percy, litbo, h 131B Vaughan rd Ballantyne John, h 1492
Bathurst Banks Roger H, ins agt, h 420 Rushton rd Barnes James,
stock kpr, h 58 Atlas av Barrett Thos, gdnr, h 107 Vaughan rd Barrie
Robt, tmstr ,h 410 Rpadina rd Bartlett Wm H. gdnr, h 9 Thelma av
Baxter John, h C, 22 Pinewood rd • Beaty James P Capt. h w s
Connaught av (on active service) Beers Edmond, h S9 Vaughan rd
(on active service) Beers Wm H, 1 89 Vaughan rd (on active service)
Beeston Chas P, h 96 Raglan av (on active service) Beeton Fredk,
lab, h 32 Tay av Bell John, express, h 1520 Bathurst Bell Thos, lab, h
89 High Bell Wm H, trav, h 13 Wychwood av Belton Margt (wid Frank
L), h A, 22 Pinewood rd Bennet Henry, messr, h 701 Rushton rd
Benzie James, h 18 Raglan ar (on active service) Berry Agnes (wid
George W), 1 John W Armstrong Bertram Melville, h n w cor
Westmount Drive and Bathurst Bevis Alfred, brick maker, h 69
Pinewood rd Bilbrough Norman, h 96 Humewood ay Bingley Fredk,
piano fnsbr, h 31 Kenwood a? Bingley Ross, chauff, h 31 Kenwood a?
Bingley Walter H, chaaff, h 10 Montclair av Bird James, h 433
Spadina rd (on active service) Black James, lab, h 91 Kenwood av
Black John, stock kpr, h 98 Kenwood av Black Peter, carp, h 84
Kenwood av Blackett Thos, h 14 Kenwood av (on active service)
Blackball John P, h 1 Humewood av Blackmore Albert A, baker, h 56
Kenwood a? Bland George T ,carp, h 48 Pinewood rd Blatherwick
Irene, opr, 1 66 Wychwood av Blatherwick Mabel, mlnr, 1 66
Wychwood av Blatherwick Walter, pattern mkr, h 66 Wychwood av
Bogg Angus, carp, 1 93 Kenwood av Boise Herbert, acct, h 107
Vaughan rd Bond Robt B, h s s Burton rd Bootle David, munitions ,h
31 Glanville av Bootle Ernest, 1 31 Glanville av (on active service)
Borehan Albert E, trav, h 40 Atlas av Bosworth Ernest , tool maker, h
86 Kenwood av Bouchard Nicholas P, mach, h 341% Lonsdale rd
Bould James, h 148 Atlas av (on active service) Bowles Wm, h 116
Kenwood av Bowley Fred J, h 176 Arlington av Bowley Mary, 1 176
Arlington av Bowman Emma J (wid Henry), h 222 Vaughan rd
Bowman John, h 3 Tay av Boyd Blanche, 1 Wm B Boyd Boyd Wm B,
engineer, h s s Stratheam rd Boyle Ernest moto, 1 57 Wychwood av
Bradley Catherine (wid Francis J), h 52 Pinewood rd Bradley
Catherine, opr, 1 52 Pinewood rd Bradley Herbert, 1 52 Pinewood rd
(on active service) Bradley John, printer, 1 52 Pinewood rd Bradley
Norman, 1 52 Pinewood rd (on active service) Brady Alex, gdnr, 1 31
Thelma av Brady Samuel, gdnr, h 31 Thelma av Rraund Wm D,
stereo opr, h 43 Pinewood rd Bray Charles, elk, h 56% Glanville av
Brayley Lionel R, mfrs agt, h 22 Wychwood av Breach James D,
sexton, h 10 Thelma av Breard Julius, h 35 Kenwood av (on active
service) Breen Jeremiah, presser, h 128 Vaughan rd Breen Mary, opr,
1 128 Vaughan rd Bridges Wm, h 81 Wychwood av Brimacombe Wh,
county constable, h 90 Kenwood av Broadbent Percy, brklyr, h 62
Glanville av Brobst Bruce K, tree expert, h 17% Wychwood av
Bromley Wm H, h 103 Huron north Brooker Herbert, h B133
Vaughan rd (on active service) Brookes Matthew, h 64 Glanville av
(on active service) Brookshaw Bertram A, printer, h 45 Wychwood ar
Broomfield Edwin, 1 109 Kenwood av (on active service) Brown Alex
G, painter, h 26 Tay av Brown Edwd, mkt gdnr, 1603 Bathurst, h
same Brown Edward jr, gdnr ,1 1603 Bathurst Brown F Beatty, 1
Capt J P Beatty Brown Herbert W, painter, h 63 Wychwood av Brown
John C, trav, h 34 Atlas av Brown Matilda, h C, 129 Vaughan rd
Brown Wm, baker, h 406 Spadina rd Browne Alfred, decorator, h
120% Atlas av Bruff Henry, h 168 Atlas av (on active service) Bruns
Henry, elk, b 54 Wychwood av Buck Alfred J, brylyr, h 127 Pinewood
rd Buck Fredk W, shipper, 1 127 Pinewood rd Bucksey George,
munitions, h 27 Tay av Bugler Annie, cashier, 1 1576 Bathurst Bugler
George, cond, h 1576 Bathurst Bull Chas, chauff, h 39 Bracondale av
Bunn John, lab, h 194 Vaughan rd Burbidge Benj, driver, h 21 Raglan
av Burbidge May, 1 21 Raglan av Burch Jeremiah, lab, h 230 Atlas av
Burgon Chas W, munitions, h 412 Spadina rd Burns Harry, munitions,
h 67 Kenwood av Burt Henry J, h 192 Atlas av Butcher Reg M,
reporter, h 83 Vaughan rd Butler Hubert F, ctr, h 234 Atlas av Caden
James, h 154 Arlington av Caden John P, h 154 Atlas av Cairns
James, h 118 Kenwood av Calow John, brklyr, h 156 Wychwood av
Cameron Colin, brklyr ,h 87 Raglan av Cameron Colin C, brklyr, h w s
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