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 Another Random Document on
Scribd Without Any Related Topics
doubt. The fact that he had uninterrupted access to the Queen gives
point to what he says and warrants us in considering his record
reliable. Another matter not to be lost sight of is that we have very
little recorded of Mary during this period, so that the Journal fills up
a blank. Some of the entries are very obscure on account of the
vernacular of the time, but they manifest the fidelity and integrity
which marked this devoted servant of the Queen.
This Journal per se would not determine any of the events of the
Queen's reign, but it is an important factor in exposing the fraud that
was perpetrated against her by the interpolations on her letters to
Babington. Bereft of these fabrications, the so-called Babington
Conspiracy was a mere plot to release the Queen of Scots from
captivity, a plot that she was warranted in encouraging, and a plot,
notwithstanding the unfounded charges of her accusers, that has
been approved by posterity. It seems reasonable to conclude that
Bourgoyne wrote this Journal with the primary intention of exposing
the kidnapping outrage and the unlawful and inexcusable treatment
of the Queen which followed. It will be noticed that in the very first
entry the outrage is hinted at as a “stag hunt.” We now proceed to
reproduce the Journal:—
“Thursday, 11th August 1586.—The Queen sent Curle her
secretary, who was accustomed to be employed in her affairs, to Sir
Amias Paulet to let him know that she desired to walk after dinner;
to which Paulet answered that the Queen could go if she wished; but
if she was well next day she would have a little pastime, as Sir
Walter Aston, who lived three miles distant, would give her the
pleasure of a stag hunt. He wished her to kill the stag with her own
hand as she had done formerly, the year Mr. Bagot had lived here.
Her Majesty, very fond of such a pastime, was delighted, and
accepted it; and although she hesitated because of the day being
Friday, she thought it better to accept rather than lose so good an
opportunity, which might not occur again.
“Friday, 12th August.—Not so much because of the fast as on
account of the weather the hunt was put off till the following day,
but that day was also unpropitious. Sunday and Monday passed,
being feast days. Her Majesty, who had not forgotten the hunt,
desired to have the promised pastime, and, not suspecting anything,
sent to remind Paulet, who granted it. She put herself in proper
attire, hoping to see a good company, and was followed by Nau
(who did not forget to dress himself), Curle, Melville, and
Bourgoyne; and Annibal, with the Queen's bows and arrows, all on
horseback, and well-equipped, to do her honour, while everyone was
merry over the anticipated sport. (This was Tuesday, 16th August.)
Although nobody was permitted to go on foot, Paulet allowed many
of the valets to follow their horses, the which he repented
afterwards. The Queen on horseback galloped a mile in such mirth
that we left Paulet with some of his people behind in order to join
others who were in hiding not far away. Having passed a little in
front, the Queen warned Nau that Paulet was behind. Wishing to pay
him a compliment for the delightful pastime, she said she had gone
in front, without remarking it, and that she feared that he, being
ailing and infirm in body, could not follow the company so quickly.
He answered courteously, pretending that he had been hindered by
too great a number of valets and servants on foot, who had come in
greater numbers than he wished. We advanced a little farther, when
Paulet again approached the Queen and said, 'Madam, here is one of
the bodyguard of the Queen (Elizabeth), who has a message for
you;' and suddenly M. Gorges, Ambassador of Elizabeth, dressed in
green-braided serge, dismounted from his horse, came to Her
Majesty, who remained on horseback, and said, 'Madam, the Queen
my mistress finds it very strange that you, against the agreement
which you made together, have undertaken against her and her
estate what she never would have thought of if she had not seen it
with her own eyes. And as she knows that some of your servants are
guilty, you will not take it ill that they are separated from you; the
rest Paulet will tell you.' To which Her Majesty could only answer,
'Very far from having conspired against the Queen, I have not even
had such a thought. She has been wrongly informed. She had
always shown herself a good sister and a good friend, and she knew
well it was not the first time that she had been misinformed and had
done her injustice.' Her Majesty added, 'I see we must return,' and
called Nau, who as quickly as he could approached her, but was
driven back with these words, 'Take him away, take him away; don't
allow him to speak to her,' and Gorges got between them. Resisting
which, Nau maintained excitedly that they could not hinder him from
speaking to his mistress. Gorges told him that he must not prevent
him from fulfilling the orders of Elizabeth. The same was said to
Curle, who cried out that he would take leave of his mistress, and
advanced on a little country nag. Nau, who had a coach-horse that
he had taken in order to run better and appear at the chase, was in
danger of being upset among the horses. At the last the two turned
away without speaking to the Queen, and they never saw her again.
Suddenly Paulet ordered them to be disarmed of sword and dagger,
which those on horseback were carrying without being prohibited.
Then he commanded each of us to be guarded by one of his
servants on horseback, to conduct us and be responsible for us.
Wade was present but did not interfere. Nau and Curle were taken
away into a village and put into separate rooms not communicating
with each other, and Didier the butler was led away by one of
Paulet's people, not knowing what he had done. Melville was taken
to a house where he only remained the night, being next day taken
to the house of M. Chaques, where he remained, being allowed to
hunt and walk at leisure. The rest went on with the troop of Paulet's
people in front, for a mile or two quickly, until I, who had put myself
near the Queen and always followed her, warned her that we were
not going the way we came, but that they were taking us another
way. Upon which she called Paulet, who was riding in front. She
said, 'We are not going home.' He answered, 'No.' She demanded to
know where he was taking her, and he said, 'Not far.' But she said
she wished to return to her lodging, and would not go beyond it.
Upon which she dismounted, and being indisposed, and not able
either to ride or walk, sat down on the ground and leant on the
bosom of Elizabeth Curle, one of her attendants. She again asked
where he wished to take her, and he answered, 'It would be to a
good place, and more beautiful than this; that she could not return
to her lodging, and that it was time lost to remain there or to resist.'
She said she would die sooner than consent to this proposal. He
threatened to send for his carriage and put her into it, ordering his
people at the same time to go for it. He was answered that the
coach horses were not there, for Nau had taken one and Bastian
Page the other. During this interval those who went in front were in
a short time far away, out of sight of us, and saw us no more, Paulet
remaining alone with eight or ten of his people, who walked behind,
at which I was much astonished. Her Majesty, still seated, weeping
and grieving said to him, 'It was infamous to treat her in this
manner, she being a foreign princess; that it was behaving
traitorously; that they had given her in charge of a gaoler, and that
an honest man would not have undertaken such a commission. She
was a Queen, as well as the Queen of England, and of as good a
house as she; that she ought not to be treated in this fashion to
please her enemies, who demanded nothing but her ruin. She did
not know why these things were done; she had done nothing to
deserve them; she did not believe the Queen of England intended
this, but it was his (Paulet's) bad counsel that was inimical to her;
that they had better take care what they did, for this act might
cause bloodshed and the death of many; that kings and foreign
princes would resent such conduct, and take vengeance on England.'
Hearing this, Paulet got impatient and said 'She must be quiet and
not annoy herself any more, as no harm would happen to her; that
what he did was for a good reason, and there was no remedy; the
longer she remained there the more harm it would do, and she must
go on.' On which I and her people reminded her that she must have
patience; 'that in her time she had had many afflictions, which she
had borne patiently, and that she must show herself firm and
composed in this with her royal heart; that she must endure
affliction, and that there was no resisting force. As to being in the
hands of her enemies, I did not think it good that she should put
herself still more in their hands; that she could not remain there all
night; that the longer she lingered the worse it would be, since she
must set out; that not knowing where they were leading her, she
might be benighted and on the road all night, which would more
easily give occasion to her enemies to hurt her and execute their ill-
will. What they did now would be by force.' Then Her Majesty
demanding of Paulet if she had far to go, he said about three miles,
repeating that it was a beautiful place, where she would be better
lodged and would find fault in nothing. Complaining of the want of
her people, as also her clothes and night gear, Paulet said that she
would have her people; maids, servants, and effects would all be
there as soon as herself. Because of their importunity she rose, and
being supported under each arm she retired and under a tree prayed
that God would have pity on her people and on those who worked
for her, asking pardon for her offences, which she recognised to be
great and to merit punishment; that it would please God to
remember His servant David, to whom he had extended His mercy
and had delivered from his enemies; that upon her his hand might
be stretched out, keeping her people faithful and delivering her from
the hand of Pharaoh. She desired nothing in the world, riches,
honour, power, or worldly kingdom, only the honour of His holy
name. I raising her by the arms got up, and not knowing what might
be the information—perhaps the Queen of England might be ill or
dead, and it might be that England wished to make use of her to
place her person in safety or her enemies in surer custody. Upon
which, addressing Paulet, she said she did not know on what
authority he did this, and the Council had no authority to treat her
so. He said it was one with as much authority as the Council, even
was the Council, and showed her a letter which he drew from his
pocket signed 'Elizabeth,' written by a different hand, the summary
of which was partly the message of Gorges and partly giving orders
to detain the Queen until further notice. The Queen complaining that
she knew well it was the work of her enemies, protested against the
wrong they were doing her, invoked God, and immediately
remounted. Being in such trouble, and fearing they might do some
harm to her, I begged Paulet to have pity on a princess so afflicted
and in trouble, and hoped he would not do such a wrong as to harm
her life, and that he would execute his commission as a discreet
man; that as courtesy and charity were always approved, no matter
in whom, so cruelty was condemned in those who had the right to
exercise it. Kings and princesses often gave orders in anger of which
they were annoyed afterwards when these were put in execution,
and such men were complimented when they did not execute them
at once, and often were more welcome to their prince, who had
cooled down, and regretting the order given, were happy it was not
executed. Further, he himself was known to be wise and prudent,
and capable of judging everything, and could weigh it; that having
regard to the sex and quality of his captive, he would thus acquire
more honour than by executing his command arbitrarily. It would be
a perpetual shame and reproach to him and his posterity to have
been employed in a cruel act. Paulet answered that he did not take
well what I said; that he was no gaoler; that he was a gentleman,
although he was not rich; that he was noble, faithful, and honest.
Gaolers were for criminals, and she ought to be guarded like a
criminal. I said he was having to do with a Queen who was in
affliction. I thought no one in such distress would not have said
more than she did, seeing no remedy nor succour and finding
danger so near. Paulet said no harm would happen to Her Majesty,
and that he would do as well as he could. He thought she had been
badly advised. I answered if he thought Her Majesty badly advised
he might also think the Queen his mistress had been badly informed;
and that as princes were often led by those whom they favoured, so
also they were often deceived; that Her Majesty, though she had
many enemies in England, it was well known she was not without
friends. Some here who are at court near to the Queen did not
cease to annoy her, and found no difficulty in bringing to notice what
would do her harm, and repeated many things that would be found
false. Leaving him, I advanced near Her Majesty, and told her briefly
part of the conversation I had had with Paulet, assuring her from
him that she would experience no harm, and there would be no
want of requisite comforts and commodities. When we had gone
part of the way Laurence, Curle's servant, held the bridle of the
Queen's horse and spoke to her. Paulet caused him to be seized, not
without great resistance, and sent him to Chartley with Gorges. We
now approached Tixall, the seat of Sir Walter Aston, where they led
the Queen. Paulet approached her, and said it was necessary that
Elizabeth Pierrepoint should leave her; and then he presented a
gentleman named Chatham, who took her in charge with great
lamentation and tears, as much on the side of Her Majesty as of the
demoiselle, who had been wicked and ungrateful. Her Majesty, he
said, ought rather to have regretted ever having seen her than for
being parted from her.
“The Queen arrived at Aston's house and was taken to her
chamber. She sent me to ask what Paulet had done with her butler.
He answered that he thought he was with her, and was surprised,
saying he must have been led away without orders. He promised
that he would be immediately in the house, and sent for him, as also
for the apothecary, the surgeon Jervis, Jane Kennedy, Mowbray, and
Martin the cook, all of whom, remaining at Chartley, had been shut
up by Wade. After supper Her Majesty sent to ask for her night
things, which were sent her; and as Paulet had no power to
accommodate her better, she being ill and having need of many
things, she requested him to send her pen, ink, and paper to write
to Elizabeth. He refused the request, and she replied that she
thought it very strange that she could not write, seeing it was a
thing she had always been free to do, and Elizabeth had begged of
her not to fail to write her in any circumstances, asking if there was
a new order prohibiting her from doing so. She called for witnesses,
and protested before them against the harsh manner in which she
was kept. Paulet said she might take any witness she liked, but she
could write no letter until he had the authority of the Court. After
this interview she desired to see him again, but he declined.
Meantime, as they led the Queen to this place, and Nau and Curle to
the other, Wade was at Chartley, where he caused all the servants
who remained behind to be shut up in different parts of the house;
all the maids and the wife of Bastian, with Mrs. Curle, who was near
her confinement; seized all the keys of the doors of the chambers
and cabinets of the Queen and as many coffers as he could, and the
keys of those who were absent with Her Majesty, and sealed up all
the locks that he could.
 ”Wednesday, 17th August.—Her Majesty being still in bed, I was
sent for by Paulet to speak with him; but before doing so I asked if
she had anything to say to him. She said I must see first if he would
allow me. Then I was not permitted to remount, but was taken to
Chartley, where I remained a prisoner with the others, waiting the
return of the Queen. They sent me there against my will, resisting as
much as possible, under the pretext that I must be present when
they visited my chamber to answer for what they found. After
stating that my boxes were opened in my room, and they could visit
them without me, I was promised that I would return the same day.
This, however, was not done. This and next day, Wade, Bagot,
Manners, Knight of a great family, who had even been employed in
the troubles of the Queen for the Duke of Norfolk, together with Sir
Walter Aston, in whose house the Queen was detained—all these
gentlemen were employed searching the chambers, cabinets,
coffers, and cash boxes, papers, books, and everything they could
suspect as containing matter for their information. This evening they
brought away three coffers filled with papers of all kinds, one part of
which was the private affairs of the Queen's household. At four
o'clock p.m. Pasquier, who had been confined in a room separate
from the others, was taken to Chartley. And I immediately after went
to the cabinet of Her Majesty to find some medicine for her, hoping
to return at once, but was sent back to the porter's lodge, where I
had been all day waiting until they should come down from the
Queen's room, which they did about 7 p.m. Then they searched my
room, but found nothing.
“Tuesday, 23rd August.—Mrs. Barbara Mowbray, Curle's wife, had
a daughter about 5 o'clock a.m.
“Wednesday, 24th August.—We consulted to have the child
baptized, not having had news of Her Majesty, who was still at Tixall.
During dinner M. du Prean was taken away, and the same day
Elspeth Bras and her mistress, Elizabeth Pierrepoint. All the rest of
us were much astonished, only expecting that we also would be
separated, hoping at the same time that Her Majesty might return
the following day.
“Thursday, 25th August.—Her Majesty was brought back to
Chartley with a great company, having been strictly confined at
Tixall. She was very welcome to each of us, as we held her in great
devotion, though not without tears abundantly flowing on both
sides. This day we visited each other as those who had just come
home. After the tears had passed away Her Majesty found nothing
to say except about her papers, which had been carried off. There
was found a cloth, from which had been torn off a promise of
marriage in parchment between Nau and Elspeth Pierrepoint, which
they had found in one of that lady's coffers, who, consenting with
some others in the house, had signed the said contract and kept it
secret. Her Majesty was very angry, as much for Nau's honour as for
that of Melville. Nau had made a solemn promise to the Queen not
to marry this lady nor make any vow to her on the subject. Her
Majesty several times visited Mrs. Curle until the 6th or 7th
September, when Paulet sent to tell her that as Mrs. Curle was now
well there was no longer any need of her being visited by the
Queen, and that such visitation had been allowed by Paulet for
charity and pity, as in the circumstances she was not capable of
attending an accouchement. In the next twenty-four hours all her
ladies were forbidden to go out any more or go downstairs .“
The next entry is ”Tuesday, 13th September.—Paulet sent for me
to say that Bagot had a few words to say to Her Majesty, and wished
to see her. Her Majesty answered that she was very ill and in bed,
and not able to see him. She begged of him to leave her alone for
this day, not being able to transact business of importance, and that
next day or any day she would do her best. Paulet replied that it was
not business of importance, but Bagot had come expressly. It was
something he could not communicate to her people, therefore she
must hear it, and not trouble herself, as it was only five or six words.
Paulet said he knew of her malady, but he desired that her servants
should not be in the room. He and Bagot came immediately,
followed by his son, Gorges, Paulet, Darrell, D'Ispense, his principal
servitors, and gentlemen, a great number, with swords and daggers.
He entered the chamber alone with Bagot, all the others remaining
in the antechamber, sending away all the ladies and servants out of
the room, which moved us much, not knowing what to make of such
behaviour. The best that I could do was to stand at the door under
pretext that the Queen was alone, and had two men with her. This
they were unwilling to allow, but at last it was allowed. At the same
time the surgeon remained with us. Paulet remonstrated with the
Queen on the troubles which had come on the kingdom on her
account, stating they were warned that her money did much harm,
that by it she suborned many people in England and abroad, who
behaved themselves wickedly and traitorously to their country, and
that the Council advised that she must give up her money into his
hands. Her Majesty, much astonished at this message, said that she
had no money and had never suborned anyone. On Paulet giving
some particulars, she said she had never sought anyone, and if
anyone offered to do her a favour she did not wish to be ungrateful.
She had recompensed their trouble and recognised the pleasure they
wished to afford her in the place in which she was. If they came to
her she could not refuse, and she did not wish to remain indebted to
them, and could not honourably remain so. She had received letters
and packets from France and for her household from people that she
had never even known, and coming voluntarily to her. She would
submit to what they wished if they proved that she had sought those
people or invited them to act so; otherwise she would not deliver up
her money, and it was not for Paulet or the Council to command it.
They had no authority over her. Paulet said 'that she must, and that
he had brought Bagot as a witness, assuring her that it would do
harm to no one and she would lose nothing. Things being as they
were, it was necessary that she should deliver up her money, so that
she might have no more trouble; and that it would be better to give
it up voluntarily than be forced and create a disturbance.' Her
Majesty refusing, Paulet told her that if she did not give it up he
would take it by force. She said she recognised no one who could
order it, and refusing the key of her cabinet, Paulet said he would
break it open. She said she knew he would not spare her. He desired
her to command Curle to deliver it up, but she said she would do
nothing of the kind. He left the room to ask Elspeth Curle, who
refused without the authority of the Queen. We asked him what he
was going to do to the Queen so sick and afflicted. He replied he
would do her no harm. After having gone to Her Majesty pretending
to force the door, Elspeth Curle was called, and gave up the key by
order of her mistress. The Queen, seeing herself alone in the
chamber guarded by Paulet's people, whom no one dare approach,
rose from her bed and followed them, walking with difficulty, and
remonstrated with them about this money. Paulet was informed by
Wade where and how much it was, and how much belonged to
Curle. It was money that she had kept for a long time as a last
resource when she was about to die so as to pay for her obsequies;
also to pay for sending her servants to their own country after her
death. This they would see by her papers, amongst which they
would find a duplicate of her will, which she had made with her own
hand, in which was a list of those to whom she desired the money to
be given, and how much to each. She had promised to her counsel
not to touch it, and by his advice she reserved it for this purpose.
She had even sworn not to break into it, nor to take a penny herself,
nor allow anyone else to do so during her life. As they would not
consent, she begged them to leave at least a part for necessities;
being ill, it was not right to leave her without money. Paulet
answered that she would want for nothing. They would furnish her
with everything, but they would leave no money in her hands. And
so they went away and left her with ten crowns. They went to
Curle's room to seize the money he had had for his marriage, and
were obliged to remain and take the money from his sister Elspeth,
who had it in her keeping, upon which at her request they promised
a receipt, but refused it when she had given up the money. Upon
this Paulet led Catherine Bras into Mrs. Curle's room, where she
remained several days. Next day Bastian Page and all his family were
sent to their room; Mrs. Curle, her nurse, and Catherine to hers;
Baltazare, Robin Morton, Nicholas and Charles, to the robe room,
and afterwards, at the request of Her Majesty, Robin Morton was
given to her instead of Baltazare, and from that time not one of
these saw her again. Some days after, Mary, daughter of Bastian
Page, was taken away from the side of the Queen while she was at
dinner. Not wishing to go, she remained with her father until they
sent for her. So there only remained with the Queen Jane Kennedy,
Renee Beauregard, Gillies Mowbray, Elspeth Curle, maids of honour;
Jervis, surgeon, and Guon, apothecary; Annabel Stuart, valet de
chambre; Didier, butler; John Lauder, baker; Hust, chef; etc. After
getting permission to serve the Queen, the same day they were shut
up with the coachman, two other grooms, and the stablemen,
without having any communication with the outside world. Thus we
remained in doubt from one day to another whether we should be
separated and sent away.
“Some days afterwards Paulet asked if he could see the Queen,
and if she would listen quietly and not abuse him.” Coming to her
accompanied by Bagot, who spoke more particularly of these
troubles —“since England was there had never been any so great.
There had never happened any enterprise so horrible (Babington
Conspiracy). If she was guilty or consenting God knew it. But there
were those who had plotted great things, among others Babington.
Six men had undertaken to kill Elizabeth, and were to carry away the
Queen of Scots, set fire in the night-time to the outside barns, and
so draw the attention of Paulet and his people and upset some carts
to prevent them re-entering; afterwards kill Paulet, and carry the
Queen away with some of her servants. Two or three miles from her
house, near the warrens, there would be a number of horses to
conduct her in safety far away to another locality. It was a great
matter if she consented to it; that she ought to know who it was,
and if she thought she was badly counselled; that she had had
servants as wicked as it was possible to find; that Nau had a mind so
restless that he could not be stopped. He wished everything he
suggested done immediately; and he had a certain ambition that he
could not bear anyone above him. He wished to command and be
master everywhere, would give place to nobody, and had done her a
great deal of harm.” Her Majesty said she knew nothing of all that.
She did not know Babington, and had never heard of these plots
against Elizabeth. As to her servants, they had only counselled good
and worthy things. If they had wished to undertake plots she was
not so destitute of sense that she did not know what course to
pursue. That she had had long experience in this dispute with
Elizabeth to enable her to choose between the true and the false.
Paulet maintained that Babington had confessed great things, that
the Catholics were going to revolt, and that he thought he had
accused Her Majesty; that she could not deny that she had been
acquainted with him, and that she had written to him and he to her;
and that she had had intercourse with many countries and peoples
in that enterprise. She answered that formerly she had heard of
Babington, but that was ten years ago; that she did not know what
had become of him, and had neither seen nor known any other
person nor had intercourse nor undertaking with anyone. She
sometimes received letters from her friends, which were offered of
their goodwill to give her pleasure, but she had undertaken nothing
of this kind; she had suborned nobody. Often she received letters
from people of whom she had never heard, and others she did not
know whence they came nor from what part. Brasseur de Loges had
brought her many packets without knowing from whom they came
and without having spoken or having cognisance of anyone
belonging to her, said he had borrowed money from her; that for
pity, making her believe he was in trouble, she had lent it to him, but
she had not suborned or bribed him by any means whatever nor
even spoken to him. They could not hinder her from having news
and correspondence, and she was not accountable to them; it was
her own affair. It was unnecessary that all her affairs should be
known. Paulet importuned her to confess something, and tried to
obtain proof from her words, and said that they must speak more
fully to her and make her clear up everything. From this she thought
she would be tried, but nobody thought in what fashion it would be
done.
 MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS.
From the Collection of Sir James Drummond, at Hawthornden.

“Thursday, 15th September.—Paulet sent to warn her that it would

be for the benefit of her health and for her convenience, and also
because she had wished it, the house of Chartley being unhealthy,
that she move to another house belonging to the Queen of England
thirty miles from London, where she would be very well, and she
might prepare herself to go there when it pleased her. He would give
her back her money when she got to her destination. (He never did
so.) She desired nothing else, ill though she was, and would rather
go soon for fear of becoming worse. In two or three days she would
be ready to set out. From that time we began to pack up and
prepare for the departure, which would be on Tuesday following, the
twentieth of the month. It was ultimately fixed for to-morrow,
because of the appointed house being changed and Fotheringay, a
castle of the Queen of England, substituted, so that it was necessary
to give fresh orders to the carters, who had set out for another
place. These things were told secretly and not very assuredly. The
Queen was never quite sure where they would take her, not even
the last day, when she arrived at her new quarters. Before setting
out in the morning they usually told her whether she would have a
long or a short journey, sometimes how many miles. They never
would tell her the place where she was to remain over night. When
they were preparing for their departure Paulet told the Queen of a
request from Bastian to get some reward and some money for his
journey, not only for himself but for the other servants: those who
were in the house as well as for Melville and Prean, who were some
miles away. Her Majesty refused flatly to allow Paulet to distribute
her money, requesting them to give it to her that she might dispose
of it at her pleasure; she would not make him her treasurer, fearing
the consequences. After some debate she gave in and asked them
to send two hundred crowns to be distributed by Paulet. Paulet said
he would give what she wished to each with a receipt, but was
resolute that she was not to touch any money. At last she was
constrained to make a memorandum written by her own hand and
signed, that Bastian should have forty crowns, Curle thirty-six, and
Baltazare ten; also ten to Nicholas, Laurence, and Charles; to Henry
his entire wages of twenty crowns and thirty shillings, and to
Elizabeth Butler, laundry maid, twenty crowns, and to Alice Sharp
and Alice Forster forty shillings each, letting it be known that what
she did was by constraint and for pity. Should her servants be in
danger of want or unprovided with money for the journey, she would
recommend them for the rest to the French Ambassador, who would
give them sufficient to complete their journey to France, where they
would be paid their wages and have each a fitting reward. I have
been informed that the money was not given for a long time
thereafter.
“19th September.—Sir Thomas Gorges, a gentleman pensioner of
Elizabeth, who had led away Nau and Curle as prisoners, arrived by
post horse with Stallenge, Usher of Parliament, with their pistols at
their belt. We thought they had come for some evil purpose, and we
were only assured on Wednesday when we saw them speak to Her
Majesty more courteously than we expected. The Wednesday
following, which was St. Matthew's Day, 21st September, the Queen
being ready to set out, all the doors of the rooms where the servants
were were shut, for fear they might speak to her or see her. She
went by carriage, not being able to go on horseback, and sat with
her back to the coachman, partly for comfort and partly because of
her demoiselles and things required on the journey, which were in
the back part of the carriage; and partly to see better what was
going on behind her, thinking if they wished to do her harm she
would see the blow coming; besides, she could speak to her
coachman and ask what they were doing.
“On setting out from Chartley she was escorted by Gorges, who
with Stallenge were charged to do so because Paulet could only
travel by coach; and there was also their safety on the road. These
men took the lead of several others (spies), and there were about
two hundred horse. Each horseman wore the livery of his master;
none of them had bows, few had harquebuses, while most had
swords and daggers. One-half were in front, the other half behind.
In the middle the Queen and her servants, and near her Paulet in his
coach, his wife and family in another; his people, his servants and
horsemen, surrounding the company, all with harquebuses and
lighted torches and a couple of pistols at the saddle. Gorges
travelled at the side of the Queen's carriage. He said he had
something to tell her from his mistress. She said she prayed God
that his message might be better and more agreeable than the last.
He answered that he was merely a servant, on which she was
content, telling him that she did not blame him. After this there was
little intercourse on the way until she dismounted at Burton in
Staffordshire. Having conducted her to her room, Gorges said he
wished to speak to her, but feared to trouble her, she being tired
with the journey.”
 CHAPTER VIII
Gorges again attacks Mary about Elizabeth's life—Mary's sharp response, and
Gorges silenced—Procession sets out from Burton and reaches Hill Hall Castle;
next day it reaches Leicester—People there hostile to Paulet—Arrival at
Fotheringay—Mary's dissatisfaction with it—Interview with Paulet—Paulet and
Elizabeth's insolence—Arrival of the commissioners—They attend prayers—
Elizabeth's insolent letter to Mary—Mary's interview with Mildmay, Paulet, and
others, official report—Elizabeth's reply—Lord Chancellor and commissioners
visit Mary in her chamber—Burghley's overbearing attitude and speech—She
refuses to recognise their authority—The second interview, when she is too
many for them—Third interview, when Mary delivers an eloquent speech in her
defence and exposes the duplicity and false character of Elizabeth.

“Thursday, 22nd September 1586.—Her Majesty prepared to

resume her journey. Being in great uneasiness, she sent to ask
Gorges what he had to tell her: which was that Elizabeth thought it
very strange, and would never have thought that she would have
been accessory to those things which had been discovered against
her, she being a relation and of the same rank. To think of laying
hands on a consecrated Queen, Gorges said his mistress was never
so astonished. She was so angry with what had happened that she
knew well if she had sent Her Majesty into Scotland she would not
have been safe and her subjects would have been against her. To
have sent her to France, of which there was no intention, they would
have thought her a fool. Her Majesty answered that she had never
undertaken nor thought of undertaking anything against the Queen
of England or her kingdom, and that she had not so little prudence
as to wish to conspire against Elizabeth or put her hands upon a
consecrated Queen. She knew not if Elizabeth had done like Saul. In
place of thinking such a thing, she had cautioned her repeatedly of
what she knew would be hurtful to her interests. But there were
many people who had different schemes, so that if she would
communicate with her, together they could put things in order, and
by those means she would be assured. In this she had never been
listened to but rather despised and ill-treated, not like a prisoner of
her rank but like as if taken in war or even worse, as if they had the
power of life and death or a right to torment and afflict her, taking
away from her all the conveniences of life, so that she was without
power to communicate with friends or relations, nobody whatever.
She was shut up, kept under the order of a man without whose will
she could do nothing. That he had been as strict with her as he
could, not only as to her liberty and captivity, but concerning her
eating and drinking, for herself and household. During her captivity
the Queen of England had maintained, sustained, and aided her
rebel subjects, alienated her son from her, taken away what she
possessed, and even now had made a league with him separating
her from him; and in this league she was forsaken and rejected like
an abject and abandoned person, without comfort or hope and
deprived of all her means. From then till now she had therefore not
been able to communicate with anyone. If all the Christian primates
her relations, friends, and allies, moved with pity and compassion for
her ill fortune, had thought it their duty to compassionate her
misery, she could not have done less than throw herself into their
arms and put herself at their mercy. She knew none of their designs,
what were their schemes, or what they intended to do. She did not
mix herself up with these and had in no way mixed herself up in the
world. And whatever they had done or intended to do, it was for
them to answer, not her. That the Queen of England knew well that
she had warned her to pay attention to her and her counsel, as
perhaps the foreign kings and princes would undertake something
for her benefit. Upon the whole the Queen of England answered her
that it was all right as to foreigners and subjects, and she had only
to do with her. There was no reply, except that Gorges answered
that he prayed God that it might be so. Afterwards they only spoke
twice on the way, Paulet doing his best to accommodate her on the
road for lodging and commodities required on the journey. Having
set out from Burton at 11 a.m. on Thursday, 22nd September, we
arrived at Hill Hall Castle, Abbots Bromley, belonging to the Earl of
Huntingdon, seven miles from Burton, where we remained for the
night. Next day, 23rd September, we set out at 10 a.m. and arrived
at Leicester, fifteen miles distant, where Her Majesty lodged at a
hotel in the suburbs called 'the Angel.'
“The Corporation made Paulet a present of wine, but a feeling so
hostile to him and his coadjutors was manifested by the people of
Leicester that it was found necessary to hire three men to watch his
coach lest it should be destroyed or carried off during the night. [18]
“On 24th September we set out about the same hour, and arrived
pretty late in Rutlandshire at the house of Roger Smith.
“On Sunday, 25th September, we arrived at Fotheringay. Her
Majesty on arrival, and next day, complained of the want of proper
accommodation for herself and servants. It seemed as if Paulet
wished to please her by giving her more room. He caused the
private doors to be built up because he was afraid for her safety.
One day we had a dispute. The Queen complained much of Paulet in
the presence of Stallenge, who remained in the castle, Gorges
having left for London. The complaint was about her lodging, as she
saw so many beautiful rooms uninhabited. He replied that the lords
of the Council were coming to occupy these rooms. She suspected
they were coming to interrogate her. This gave her no trouble, but
rather seemed to raise her spirits and rejoice her heart more than
usual.
“Saturday, 1st October.—Paulet sent a message that he would like
to say a few words to her. He was accustomed to use this language
when he had anything disagreeable to tell her. Having come into her
presence, he said that Elizabeth, having had the report from Gorges,
was much surprised that Her Majesty had had such a conversation
with him, seeing she (Elizabeth) could show the contrary, having
sufficient proof to contradict what she said; that she was to send
some lords and councillors to speak to her, the which, in order that
she might not be surprised, he gave her due notice of; that it would
be better for her to ask pardon of Elizabeth and confess her fault
than to be declared guilty, and that he would advise her to do this,
and he would report it, being ready to write her answer such as it
was. Her Majesty, smiling ironically at this proposal, said to him his
speech suggested what one was accustomed to say to children when
they wished them to confess. She knew she had offended her
Creator in many things, and she asked pardon of Him, but that she
was a sovereign Queen, and recognised no offence or fault that she
had to confess to anyone; that as she could not commit any fault
she could not ask any pardon, and did not wish to receive any; and
ironically she said they would not go very far; she thought they took
much pains for very little, and would not advance their cause very
much. Paulet interrupted her and said that he could not confirm
what she had written and therefore she had better confess, for the
thing was notorious, and that he would send on her answer.
Whereupon, having begged Her Majesty to listen, he repeated her
response in order that he might write correctly, asking if this was her
meaning; to which she assented. The same day Paulet wrote to the
court. Before leaving he told her that if she wished to have Melville,
her maître d'hôtel, with her he would come, as he (Paulet) had to go
to London in order to discharge Bagot, who gave him trouble and
expense.
“Thursday, 6th October.—I with Marie Page at the door informed
the Queen that Melville had come with Paulet's daughter, if she
would receive her. Much astonished, Her Majesty agreed.
“Sunday, 9th October.—Paulet discharged Roger, Sharp, Laurence,
Barlae and Jackson, having first informed her. She ordered Sharp to
be paid seventy pounds besides his wages, twenty crowns, and one
horse as a gift; to Jackson his wages of ten crowns and forty
shillings, with one horse; to Laurence his wages; and as for Aroburn,
it was agreed that he could remain to tend the rest of the horses;
forty sols (sous) to him. And that he might better serve Sharp, she
gave him the little mare in charge until she foaled, that the two
might be disposed of as pleased her.
 “Tuesday, 11th October.—The Lords arrived. Most of them slept in
the village, the others at Monde, Mardelemat, at Nayde and
Fotheringay, and numbered about fifty. Forty-two of these were
chosen by commission. There were only forty-eight in the
memorandum given to Her Majesty, of whom nine were absent.
There arrived a man named Phal (perhaps Dr. Ford), an emissary of
Walsingham, who translated French into English; one named Barker,
who wrote his answers and gave the papers to a notary or clerk of
court; another who seemed to be an usher or master of ceremonies.
“Wednesday, 12th October.—They came to the castle and attended
preaching and prayers at the chapel, and sent Sir Walter Mildmay
and Barker and Stallenge the usher, who presented a letter to the
Queen from Elizabeth without any title such as Madam—simply
signed at the end 'Elizabeth' without 'your sister,' and sealed with the
Great Seal. Above the superscription 'To the Scotch,' as speaking to
the people. She said that after the opinion which she held, having
dared to deny being guilty of what they could prove, not wishing to
receive any arbiter it seemed good to send her lords and councillors,
lawyers, skilful in the practice of the laws of her kingdom, who she
had authorised and empowered to proceed as they thought best,
and that the Queen of Scots, being under her protection and in her
kingdom, was subject to the laws of the same.”
This letter is of considerable importance, and as Bourgoyne does
not give it, we have found what we think is the same letter in the
State Paper Office. It is in the following terms:—
“Whereas we are given to understand that you, to our great and
inestimable grief (as one void of all remorse of conscience), pretend
with great protestations not to be in any sort privy or assenting to
any attempt either against our state or person, forasmuch as we find
by most clear and evident proof that the contrary will be verified and
maintained against you; we have found it therefore expedient to
send to you divers of our chief and most ancient noblemen of this
our realm, together with certain of our Privy Council, as also some of
our principal judges, to charge you both with the privity and assent
to that most horrible and unnatural attempt. And to the end you
may have no just cause, living as you do within our protection, and
thereby subject to the laws of our realm, and to such trial as by us
shall be thought most agreeable to our laws, to take exception to
the manner of our proceedings; we have made special choice of
these honourable persons to be used in this service, having for that
purpose authorised them by commission under our Great Seal to
proceed therein; and therefore do both advise and require you to
give credit and make answer to that which these honourable persons
authorised by us shall from time to time during their abode there
deliver unto you in our name as if it were to ourselves. Given at our
castle of Windsor, 6th October 1586.”
“Her Majesty said that this letter was a mandate and written as to
a subject; that she was Queen and a born daughter of a Queen, a
foreigner, and the nearest relation of the Queen of England; that she
had come to England on the promise that had been made to her to
give her help against her enemies and subjects, and was thereupon
made prisoner, the which she had been for eighteen years, ill-treated
always and afflicted and troubled by their continued persecution.
She had several times suggested suitable conditions; she had many
times asked to speak with Elizabeth, was ever willing to serve and
do her pleasure, but she had been always influenced by enemies;
that she, as a free Queen, could not accept commands, nor respond
to laws, without hurting herself, the King her son, and all other
sovereign princes. That she was of the same estate, majesty, and
dignity, and would not submit, neither she, her heirs, or her country,
as a valet had done (referring to Moray); she would rather die. She
challenged her judges as being contrary to her religion; she did not
recognise the laws of England, did not know them, did not
understand them, and many times had made this protest. She
demanded that former protests be taken account of; that she was
alone, without counsel; that her servants had been taken away, also
those who knew and had managed her affairs and had cognisance of
laws and formalities; that there was no criminal so poor who might
not have someone to speak for him. They had taken away her
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