• Unit 6: Word list (p.

228)

2D

Definition: A two-dimensional (2D) shape can be defined as a flat figure or a

shape that has two dimensions —length and width.

Example:

- Adrian started the 2D angles topic

3D

Definition: An object or entity is three-dimensional if it has three dimensions.

Example:

-All their projects are modeled in 3D from start to finish

Accident

Definition: An undesirable or unfortunate happening that occurs

unintentionally and usually results in harm, injury, damage, or loss

Example:

- They had an accident inside the company that almost lead to a death

Atmospheric

Definition: relating to the air or to the atmosphere

Example:

- Plants are the main source of atmospheric oxygen.

Boiler

Definition: as a closed vessel which is used to heat liquid usually water or to

generate vapour or steam or any of such combination under pressure for
external use by combustion of fossil fuels

Example:

- The main verification of an industrial boiler is the combustion chamber

Central heating

Definition: A system for heating the rooms of a building by means of

radiators or air vents connected by pipes or ducts to a central source of
heat.

Example: The central heating source is kept off because the radiators are
changed

Cheap

Definition: costing very little; inexpensive

Example:

- I bought a wallet at a very cheap price

Code

Definition: a system of words, letters, figures, or other symbols substituted

for other words, letters, etc., especially for the purposes of secrecy.

Example:

- When entering work we must enter your code for registration

Component

Definition: a part or element of a larger whole, especially a part of a machine

or vehicle

Example:

- The light passed through a prism breaks up into its component colors

Computer-aided design (CAD)

Definition: A way to digitally create 2D drawings and 3D models of real-world

products before they're ever manufactured.

Example:

- Architects study computer-aided design so that they can create their

plans or modern architectures.

Concept

Definition: An abstract idea; a general notion.

Example:

- A new concept of quantum chemistry was created

Conduction

Definition: The transfer of energy, such as heat or an electric charge,

through a substance

Example:

- In a home there are more than 2 water pipes to supply each floor.

Contract

Definition: a written or spoken agreement, especially one concerning

employment, sales, or tenancy, that is intended to be enforceable by law.

Example:

- both parties must sign employment contracts

Cool

Definition: a fairly low temperature

Example:

- it'll be a cool afternoon

Cooling

Definition: having the effect of making something less warm or hot.

Example:

- she took a cooling dip in the ocean

Crash test

Definition: deliberately crash (a new vehicle) under controlled conditions in

order to evaluate and improve its ability to withstand impact.

Example:

- The crash test will be carried out to obtain the performance and be able
to put it on sale.

Cylinder

Definition: a solid geometric figure with straight parallel sides and a circular
or oval cross section.
Example:

- All can containers must be in their cylindrical shape without dents.

Dangerous

Definition: Able or likely to cause harm or injury

Example:

- Most organic chemical compounds are dangerous to health.

Destructive testing

Definition: is a test method conducted to find the exact point of failure of

materials, components, or machines.

Example:

- The destructive test was carried out on concrete to determine the

compression

Device

Definition: a thing made or adapted for a particular purpose, especially a

piece of mechanical or electronic equipment.

Example:

- We use a measuring device like vernies to measure the depth of an

object

Diagonal

Definition: joining two opposite corners of a square, rectangle, or other

straight-sided shape.

Example:

- The square has four vertices, so it will have two diagonals.

Edge

Definition: the outside limit of an object, area, or surface; a place or

part farthest away from the center of something.
Example:

- We slept edge the beach

Escape

Definition: break free from confinement or control.

Example:

- I escape from the earthquake area to go to a safe place

Expand

Definition: become or make larger or more extensive

Example:

- Fire expands when mixed with oxygen

Expensive

Definition: An excessive or out of reach amount

Example:

- Studying Portuguese is expensive

Fase (of a 3D figure)

Definition: A phase is a particular stage in a process or in the gradual

development of something

Example:

- The five fase of the production process: Modeling, Texturing, Lighting,

Animation and Render.

Failure

Definition: lack of success.

Example:

- an economic policy that is doomed to failure

Heat
Definition: the quality of being hot; high temperature.

Example:

- In the jungle the climate is very heat

Heating

Definition: equipment or devices used to provide heat, especially to a

building

Example:

- People began to buy their heating equipment for the winter

Horizontal

Definition: A horizontal line is a straight line that is drawn from right to left or
left to right

Example:

- To make a graph you need a horizontal and vertical line.

Invent

Definition: create or design

Example:

- he invented an improved form of the steam engine

Invention

Definition: something that has never been made before, or the process of
creating something that has never been made before

Example:

- The world changed rapidly after the invention of the phone.

Inventor

Definition: a person who invented a particular process

Example:

- Inventor Dmitri Mendeleev presents a first version of his periodic table of

elements to the Russian Chemical Society.
Logbook

Definition: a book in which someone records details and events relating to

something

Example:

- The logistics area has its logbook to report and record some extra
information.

Mains(electricity)

Definition: the electrical supply coming from a power station to the

household you live in.

Example:

- All mains electrical networks are underground.

Market

Definition: a means by which the exchange of goods and services takes

place as a result of buyers and sellers being in contact with one another

Example: the labor market

Method

Definition: a particular form of procedure for accomplishing or approaching

something, especially a systematic or established one.

Example:

- We use the scientific method to carry out a thesis.

Molecule

Definition: two or more atoms connected by chemical bonds, which form the
smallest unit of a substance that retains the composition and properties of
that substance.

Example:

- A water molecule is made up of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.

Non-destructive testing

Definition: a discipline grouping together processes and techniques to

identify characteristic differences, welding defects, and discontinuities, all
while avoiding any harm to the original part.

Example:
- A compression test is carried out for non-destructive tests with a
concrete specimen to obtain internal screams.

Operation

Definition: the fact or condition of functioning or being active

Example:

- the construction and operation of power stations

Oven

Definition: an enclosed compartment, as in a kitchen range, for cooking and

heating food.

Example:

- Esters are obtained using the microwave to facilitate the heating

process.

Patent

Definition: a government authority or license conferring a right or title for a

set period, especially the sole right to exclude others from making, using, or
selling an invention.

Example:

- obtained a patent for new mathematical methods in the area of

Metallurgy

Produce

Definition: to cause to have existence or to happen

Example:

- Farmers produce cheese, butter and yogurt with the milk of the cows they
raise.

Prototype

Definition: an original model on which something is patterned

Example:

- An application prototype was made for use on the mobile device

Pump
Definition: a mechanical device using suction or pressure to raise or move
liquids, compress gases, or force air into inflatable

Example:

- All cars have a fuel pump

Reléase

Definition: allow or enable to escape from confinement

Example:

- It's finally 5 o'clock for me to be released from work to go home to rest.

Research

Definition: sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.

Example:

we are fighting meningitis by raising money for medical research

Safe

Definition: protected from or not exposed to danger or risk; not likely to be

harmed or lost

Example:

- When I get home I feel safe

Safety

Definition: the condition of being safe from undergoing or causing hurt,

injury, or los

Example:

- When I get to work, it's safety to leave my things

Sealed

Definition: fasten or close securely.

Example:

- he folded it, sealed the envelope, and walked to the mailbox

Simulation

Definition: is a representation of something, not the real thing

Example:

- The earthquake simulation was carried out

Standards

Definition: Level of quality or attainment

Example:

- The previous promotions had a better level of quality in job competence.

Transfer

Definition: move from one place to another.

Example:

- Now in all banks you can make transfers without any charge

Valve

Definition: a device for controlling the passage of fluid or air through a pipe,
duct, etc., especially an automatic device allowing movement in one
direction only.

Example:

- In the building, valve changes were made in the air conditioners.

Versión

Definition: a particular form of something different in certain respects from

an earlier form or other forms of the same type of thing.

Example:

- Each person has a different version when reading the Bible.

Vertex/vestices

Definition: each angular point of a polygon, polyhedron, or other figure

Example:

- he vertex representing k is the final state of the kth chain.

Vertical

Definition: standing and pointing straight up or at an angle of 90° to a

horizontal surface or line
Example:

- To make a graph you need a vertical and horizontal line

Vibrate

Definition: to shake slightly and quickly, or to cause something to do this, in

a way that is felt rather than seen or heard

Example:

- At work, when you feel a brief vibrate, you should leave for safe places.

Warm

Definition: of or at a fairly or comfortably high temperature

Example:

- a warm September evening

Wind tunnel

Definition: a tunnel-like apparatus for producing an airstream of known

velocity past models of aircraft

Example:

- space through which strong winds are channeled by surrounding tall

buildings

x-ray

Definition: an electromagnetic wave of high energy and very short

wavelength, which is able to pass through many materials opaque to light.

Example:

- the fracture was clearly visible on the X-ray

• English in action (p. 90)

1. a rectangle
2. an oval
3. a square
4. a triangle
5. a hexagon
6. a circle
7. a pentagon

b. What did you do an engineering yesterday?

c. Did you miss the class?
d. We started using card
e. We Drew 2D shapes yesterday
f. Can you show me?
 b. Then you select the lines tool here, and then you click in the drawing
área.
c. Then you move the cursor to the rigth, horizontally and click again.
d. Then you move the cursos up vertically and click again.
e. Finally, you go diagonally yo yhe point, and click.
f. You click escape to stop drawing lines.

• It’s a 3D world (p. 91)

a. A pyramid has five face, eigth edges and five vertex

b. A prism has a five faces, ten edges and ten vertex
1. How many faces does a prism have?
- The prism has five faces.
2. How many edges does a pyramid?
- The pyramid has eight edges.
3. How many vertices does a cubes and cuboids?
- The cubes has eight vertices.
4. What shapes are faces of a cube?
- The cube has six faces.
5. What shapes are faces of a pyramid?
- The pyramid has five faces
6. What shapes are the faces of a prism?
- The prism has five faces.

rectangle
triangle pyramid

cone sphere
cylinder
• Review Units 1-5 (pp. 75-78)

1. What is the difference between a motor and a valve?

2. What are engineers interested in?
3. What are soft skills?
4. What does a civil engineer do? What about an industrial engineer?
5. What are forces?
6. What does a small force times a large distance equal?
7. What is a wheel used for?
8. What are the three main types of simple machines and structures?
9. How can you repair a puncture in a bicycle tyre?
10. What are the advantages and disadvantages of automation for making
machines?
11. What can you do with a ductile material? What about a metal one?
12. What is solar energy?
13. What do Newton’s three laws of motion say?
14. What are da Vinci’s two laws of friction?

PROPERTIES TOOLS MEASURING SIMPLE ENERGY

OF MACHINES
MATERIALS
Ductile(adj) Hammer(n) Balance(n) Axle(n) Chemical(n)
Elasctic(adj) Screwdriver(n) Measure(v) Lever(n) Kinetic(adj)
Hard(adj) Wrench(n) Micrometer(n) Inclined Light(n)
Plane(n)
Plastic(n) Wedge(n) Multimeter(n) Pulley(n) Solar(adj)
Tought(adj) Key(n) Weigh(v) Screw(n) Sound(n)
1. Game
2. Boat
3. Course
4. Park
5. Energy
6. Break
7. Friction
8. Lumber
9. Class
1.The shape is a triangle.
2. Juan is interested in design engineering.
3. What is your job?
4. These tools are wrenches.
5. Steel is very resistant.
6. She is not a very good worker.
7. Good workers arrive on time every day.
8. Where are my pliers? They are on your desk.
9. Engineers use aluminum for airplanes.
10. I hope you enjoy my talk.
1. Workers with soft skills are reliable.
2. Steel is made from iron.
3. I am going to talk about a new design.
4. There are three main types of tools.
5. I do not have a nut of the right size.
6. We use many levers, spanners, and wrenches in engineering.
7. Every action causes an equal and opposite reaction.
8. If a car hits a wall, the wall pushes back.
9. A load sometimes produces a combination of stresses.
1 -> J
2 -> F
3 ->D
4 -> G
5 ->I
6 ->C
7->M
8 ->H
9->A
10 ->B
2. It

3. names

4. factory

5. tools

6. engineer

7. they

8. prices

2
6

4
8
5
7
3
4
8

6
3
2
5
7

Good morning. Thank you for inviting me

to speak today. My name is Rob Peters. I
am the Design Manager at New
Engineering. My talk will be on “The
Importance of New Products,” which will
take place in the lecture theatre at 11:00
am on 21st September. Ok, I hope you will
find it informative and engaging. Thank
you for your attention. Are there any
questions?

ALUMINIUM

GOLD

METALS
They usually melt at high temperatures.
Their metals slightly change shape under load.
They can take however heavy a load without breaking.
Unfortunately, some metals like iron rust badly.

3
7
4
1

5
6
 3
2
6
5
4
8
9
7

• Unit 7: Word list (p. 228)

Barrier:

Definition: a fence or other obstacle that prevents movement or access.

Example:

- the mountain barrier between Norway and Sweden

Clear:

Definition: Easy to perceive, understand, or interpret

Example:

- clear and precise directions

Communicator

Definition: a person who communicates, one skilled at conveying information, ideas, or policy
to the public

Example:

- In some news programs they have good communicators

Concise

Definition: short and clear, expressing what needs to be said without unnecessary words

Example:

- In the presentation of an investigation, it must be brief and concise.

Confusión

Definition: lack of understanding; uncertainty.

Example:

- Some chemistry topics are a good confusion for those who do not study.
Considérate

Definition: areful not to cause inconvenience or hurt to other

Example:

- the quietest and most considerate tenants possible

Correct

Definition: in accordance with true facts or with what is generally accepted

Example:

- all the answers I wrote were correct

Deadline

Definition: the latest time or date by which something should be completed.

Example:

- the deadline for submissions is February 9th

Face to face

Definition: within each other's sight or presence.

Example:

- In a serious conversation you should talk face to face

Feelings

Definition: an emotional state or reaction

Example:

- Only their expressions of feelings are detected in animals.

Figure

Definition: a number, especially one which forms part of official statistics or relates to the
financial performance of a company.

Example:

- official census figures

Information

Definition: knowledge communicated or received concerning a particular fact or circumstance

Example:

- We need more information about English to put it into practice.

Instruction

Definition: a direction or order

Example:
 - my boss gave me instructions to do an experiment

Médium

Definition: an agency or means of doing something

Example:

- using the latest technology as a medium for job creation

Message

Definition: a communication or statement conveyed from one person or group to another

Example:

- In the church as a priest I leave a good message for this Holy Week

Noise

Definition: a sound, especially one that is loud or unpleasant or that causes disturbance.

Example:

- Every Saturday my neighbors make too much noise with their music

Overload

Definition: load with too great a burden or cargo

Example:

- Caution is taken with electrical connections to avoid overload.

Priority

Definition: the fact or condition of being regarded or treated as more important.

Example:

- The security of the country takes priority over any other matter.

Purpose

Definition: the reason for which something is done or created or for which something exists.

Example:

- the purpose of the meeting is to appoint a trustee

Receiver

Definition: a person who receives something

Example:

- The first step for communication is the definition of the sender and receiver

Reminder

Definition: a thing that causes someone to remember something.

Example:
 - My cell phone rang a reminder for a family meeting.

Report

Definition: give a spoken or written account of something that one has observed, heard, done,
or investigated.

Example:

- the representative reported a decrease in the boilers

Rota

Definition: a roster of names showing the order in which people should perform certain duties

Example:

- At the end of the job, the supervisor reads the rota list for the following month.

Sender

Definition: someone who transmits a message

Example:

- Teachers are always the senders of our learning

Sign

Definition: an object, quality, or event whose presence or occurrence indicates the probable
presence or occurrence of something else.

Example:

- flowers are often given as a sign of affection

Social networking

Definition: he use of dedicated websites and applications to interact with other users, or to
find people with similar interests to oneself.

Example:

- Today's young people are hypnotized on social networks

Subject

Definition: a person or thing that is being discussed, described, or dealt with

Example:

- I've said all there is to be said on the subject

Text

Definition: a book or other written or printed work, regarded in terms of its content rather
than its physical form.

Example:

- a text that explores pain and grief

Text message

Definition: an electronic communication sent and received by mobile phone

Example:

- My boyfriend always texts message me every 30 minutes.

To do list

Definition: a list of the tasks that you have to do, or things that you want to do

Example:

- Every Sunday I make my list of what to do for the next weekend.

• Are you a good communicator? (pp. 94-95)

In the case of the aggressive figure, the communication problem could be conflict
escalation or intimidation. For the passive figure, it might be lack of assertiveness or
failure to express needs effectively. Both scenarios could lead to misunderstandings or
ineffective communication.
1. I am not happy with your work at the moment. manager to worker, face-to-face
conversation
Sender: Manager, Receiver: Worker

2. Thank you for your enquiry. I am attaching the information you asked for.
Sender: Unknown (potentially a customer service representative or administrative
assistant), Receiver: Customer or Inquirer

3. I think that you should call the client and explain the problem.
Sender: Manager or colleague, Receiver: Worker or colleague

4. Reminder: you have a dentist's appointment at 2 p.m. tomorrow.

Sender: Dentist's office or receptionist, Receiver: Patient

5. Please turn off the lights at the end of the day.

Sender: Manager or supervisor, Receiver: Employees or staff

6. That was really good work. Well done!

Sender: Manager or colleague, Receiver: Worker or colleague

7. Could you show me a cheaper solution?

Sender: Manager or colleague, Receiver: Worker or colleague

8. I'm sorry. I can't come to work today. I'm feeling ill.

Sender: Worker, Receiver: Manager or HR department

9. I'm sorry. It's over!

Sender: Unknown (potentially a romantic partner), Receiver: Romantic partner

10. We won! 5-2.

Sender: Sports team member or supporter, Receiver: Team members or supporters
1. Face-to-face conversation: This is the best medium for message 1 because it involves
giving feedback that may be sensitive or critical. Face-to-face communication allows
for immediate feedback, clarification, and the opportunity to address any concerns or
questions the worker may have.

2. Email: Email is suitable for message 2 because it involves providing attached

information in response to an inquiry. Email allows for the attachment of documents
or files, making it convenient for sharing detailed information or documents.

3. Telephone call: Message 3 is best conveyed through a telephone call as it requires

direct communication to discuss a potentially urgent matter with the client. A
telephone call enables immediate interaction, clarification, and negotiation if needed.

4. Text: Message 4 is suitable for a text message as it serves as a reminder for a specific
appointment. Text messages are concise and often used for brief reminders or
notifications, making them appropriate for this type of message.

5. Sign: Message 5 is best conveyed through a sign posted in the workplace reminding
employees to turn off the lights. A sign serves as a visual reminder that can be easily
noticed by everyone in the workplace.

6. Spoken medium: Message 6, praising someone for their work, is best delivered
verbally, either in person or over the phone. Verbal communication allows for tone of
voice and expression of sincerity, enhancing the impact of the praise.

7. Email: Message 7, requesting a cheaper solution, is suitable for email as it involves a

request for information or proposal. Email provides a written record and allows for the
attachment of documents or additional details.

8. Text: Message 8, informing about illness and inability to come to work, can be
effectively communicated through a text message. Text messages are often used for
quick notifications, and this message provides sufficient information in a concise
format.

9. Face-to-face conversation: For message 9, ending a relationship, a face-to-face

conversation is the most appropriate medium. This message requires sensitivity and
direct communication to discuss emotions and provide closure effectively.

10. Spoken medium: Message 10, celebrating a victory, is best conveyed verbally, either in
person or over the phone, to share the excitement and enthusiasm of the moment
effectively.
 Feedback - Inquiry - Announcement

Confirmation -Apology -Appreciation

1. What is happening in the picture above?

- Valerie received a message from Rosina.
- Wolfgang called at 11:15.
- Valerie is requested to call Wolfgang back on the phone number 077 99 435 678.

2. Read the note. Did you guess correctly?

- Valerie received a message from Rosina, likely in a workplace setting.
- Wolfgang called at 11:15, presumably for Valerie.
- Rosina left a note for Valerie to inform her about Wolfgang's call and to request her to
return the call to Wolfgang on the provided phone number.

3. Work out the conversation in the picture from the information in the note.
- Rosina (Sender): She left a note for Valerie, conveying the message about Wolfgang's
call and instructing Valerie to call him back.
- Valerie (Receiver): She receives the note from Rosina and understands that Wolfgang
called.
- Wolfgang (Potential Speaker): He called Valerie, but his actual conversation is not
recorded in the note. However, Rosina's message serves as an intermediary
communication between Wolfgang and Valerie.

a) Study the sentences from the conversation below

b) Listen to another telephone conversation

1. Who's taking the message? Who's leaving it?

● Taking the Message: Resina is taking the message.
● Leaving the Message: Alan is leaving the message.

2. Who's the message for?

The message is for Valerie.

3. Write a note of the telephone message.

Note of the Telephone Message:

"Message for Valerie:

From: Alan

Company: Petro Engineering Solutions

Message: Alan won't be able to attend the meeting at 10.

Contact Number: 0783 467981

Thank you,

Resina"